1MANAGEMENT (7)MANAGEMENT (7)Groups and TeamsGroups and Teams

CCtlinatlina RADU, MBA, PhD.RADU, MBA, PhD.BucharestBucharest UniversityUniversity of of EconomicEconomic StudiesStudies

Groups and Teams Groups and Teams Proposed QuotesProposed Quotes

GG 917917 && 918918 C iC i t tht th ii b i ib i i GroupsGroups 917917 && 918918:: ComingComing togethertogether isis aa beginningbeginning..KeepingKeeping togethertogether isis progressprogress.. WorkingWorking togethertogether isissuccesssuccess.. -- HenryHenry FordFord

GroupGroup 919919 && 922922:: "Individual"Individual commitmentcommitment toto aagroupgroup efforteffort -- thatthat isis whatwhat makesmakes aa teamteam work,work, aacompanycompany workwork aa societysociety workwork aa civilizationcivilization workwork ""companycompany work,work, aa societysociety work,work, aa civilizationcivilization workwork..""-- VinceVince LombardiLombardi

GroupGroup 920920:: TheThe strengthstrength ofof thethe teamteam isis eacheachindividualindividual membermember.. TheThe strengthstrength ofof eacheach membermember isisthethe teamteam.. -- PhilPhil JacksonJackson

2ExerciseExercise

Which is the main difference between Which is the main difference between GROUPS and TEAMS? Give some GROUPS and TEAMS? Give some examples.examples.examples.examples.

Groups versus Teams (1)Groups versus Teams (1)

Group =Group = two or more people with commontwo or more people with commonGroup =Group = two or more people with common two or more people with common interests, objectives, and continuing interests, objectives, and continuing interactioninteraction

Work Team =Work Team = a group of people with a group of people with complementary skills who are committed tocomplementary skills who are committed tocomplementary skills who are committed to complementary skills who are committed to a common mission, performance goals, and a common mission, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountablemutually accountable

3Groups versus Teams Groups versus Teams (2)(2)

Two main characteristics distinguish Two main characteristics distinguish teams from groups:teams from groups: Intensity with which team members work Intensity with which team members work

together;together;Presence of a specific overriding team goalPresence of a specific overriding team goal Presence of a specific, overriding team goal Presence of a specific, overriding team goal or objective.or objective.

Work Teams versus Work Teams versus Work GroupsWork Groups

4Group Size (1)Group Size (1)

Advantage of small groupsAdvantage of small groups Higher interaction with each other and Higher interaction with each other and

easier coordination of their efforts;easier coordination of their efforts; Group / team members are more motivated, Group / team members are more motivated,

satisfied and committed;satisfied and committed;satisfied, and committed;satisfied, and committed; Information is shared more easily;Information is shared more easily; The importance of members personal The importance of members personal

contributions is more clear.contributions is more clear.

Group Size Group Size (2)(2)Group Size Group Size (2)(2)

Advantages of large groupsAdvantages of large groups There are more resources put at their There are more resources put at their

disposal to achieve group goals;disposal to achieve group goals; They enable managers to obtain division of They enable managers to obtain division of

labor advantages. labor advantages.

5Group Size (3)Group Size (3)

Research shows that: Research shows that: Smaller groups are faster at completing tasks.Smaller groups are faster at completing tasks. When problem solving, larger groups do better.When problem solving, larger groups do better.

Social LoafingSocial Loafing The tendency for individuals to show less effortThe tendency for individuals to show less effortThe tendency for individuals to show less effort The tendency for individuals to show less effort

when working collectively than when working when working collectively than when working individually.individually.

To reduce social loafing, teams should not be To reduce social loafing, teams should not be larger than necessary, and individuals should be larger than necessary, and individuals should be held accountable for their actions.held accountable for their actions.

Three Ways to Reduce Three Ways to Reduce Social LoafingSocial Loafing

6ExerciseExercise

Work in small teams to find a solution for theWork in small teams to find a solution for theWork in small teams to find a solution for the Work in small teams to find a solution for the following problem:following problem:

One of the members of your team One of the members of your team continually arrives late for meetings and continually arrives late for meetings and does not turn drafts of assignments in ondoes not turn drafts of assignments in ondoes not turn drafts of assignments in on does not turn drafts of assignments in on time. In general this group member is time. In general this group member is engaging in social loafing. What can the engaging in social loafing. What can the members of your group do to reduce social members of your group do to reduce social loafing?loafing?

Stages of Group Development

Stages of Group Development

1 Forming1 Forming -- Group members get to know eachGroup members get to know each1. Forming 1. Forming -- Group members get to know each Group members get to know each other in order to reach common goals.other in order to reach common goals.2. Storming 2. Storming -- Group members disagree on Group members disagree on direction and leadership. Managers need to be direction and leadership. Managers need to be sure the conflict stays focused.sure the conflict stays focused.3. Norming 3. Norming -- Close ties and consensus begin to Close ties and consensus begin to gg ggdevelop between group members. develop between group members. 4. Performing 4. Performing -- The group begins to do its real The group begins to do its real work.work.5. Adjourning 5. Adjourning -- Only for task forces that are Only for task forces that are temporary.temporary.

7Types of Work TeamsTypes of Work Teams

Multicultural TeamsMulticultural Teams

Multicultural groups and teams represent three or more ethnic backgrounds.

Diversity may increase uncertainty, complexity and inherent confusion in group processes.p

However, culturally diverse groups may generate more and better ideas and limit groupthinking.

8DiversityDiversityDiversityDiversity

Impact of diverse groupsImpact of diverse groups Diversity in personality, age, gender, and experience Diversity in personality, age, gender, and experience

promotes conflict, which stimulates creativity and promotes conflict, which stimulates creativity and idea generation, which leads to improved decision idea generation, which leads to improved decision making.making.

Cultural diversity in groups initially leads to more Cultural diversity in groups initially leads to more difficulty in building cohesion, gaining satisfaction, difficulty in building cohesion, gaining satisfaction, being productive.being productive. Problems pass Problems pass with time.with time. Culturally diverse groups bring more viewpoints out.Culturally diverse groups bring more viewpoints out.

Advantages and Advantages and DisadvatagesDisadvatagesof Diversityof Diversity

Ad tAd t Di d tDi d tAdvantagesAdvantages Multiple perspectives Greater openness to new

ideas Multiple interpretations Increased creativity

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Ambiguity Complexity Confusion Miscommunication Difficulty in reaching a

Increased flexibility Increased problem-

solving skills

y gsingle agreement

Difficulty in agreeing on specific actions

9*** QUOTES ABOUT OUR COURSE ****** QUOTES ABOUT OUR COURSE ***Lets look again!Lets look again!

Groups and Teams Groups and Teams Proposed QuotesProposed Quotes

G 917 & 918 C i t th i b i iG 917 & 918 C i t th i b i i Groups 917 & 918: Coming together is a beginning. Groups 917 & 918: Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is Keeping together is progress. Working together is success. success. -- Henry FordHenry Ford

Group 919 & 922: "Individual commitment to a Group 919 & 922: "Individual commitment to a group effort group effort -- that is what makes a team work, a that is what makes a team work, a company work a society work a civilization work "company work a society work a civilization work "company work, a society work, a civilization work." company work, a society work, a civilization work." -- Vince LombardiVince Lombardi

Group 920: The strength of the team is each Group 920: The strength of the team is each individual member. The strength of each member is individual member. The strength of each member is the team.the team. -- Phil JacksonPhil Jackson

10

THANK YOU.THANK YOU.andandandand

????