MAMMALIAN SPERMMAMMALIAN SPERM

acrosome

nucleus

middle-piece (mitochondria)

principal pieceflagellum

head

end piece

MAMMALIAN SPERM

acrosome

nucleus

mitochondrias

principal piece

end piece

middle-piece

dense fibers fibrous sheath

axoneme

SPERM MORPHOLOGY IN ANTS

11 2 3 44

1 and 3 = Human sperm; 2 and 4 = sperm of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus

nn

aa

nn

22 33 4411

SPERM HUMUN AND INSECT: HEAD REGIONSPERM HUMUN AND INSECT: HEAD REGION

1 = human sperm; 2-4 = ant sperm. a = acrosome, n = cucleus, v = acrosomal vesicle; p = perfuratorium

22

33

44

11 22 33 44

axax

dm

dm dm

axax

ax

11 22

n

ca

ax

can

ax

md

md

ca

ca

NUCLEUS–FLAGELLUM TRANSITION REGION

11 22 33

44

55

66

77

1= sperm draft; 2-7 ant spermatozoa

DIVERSITY OF INSECT SPERM

11 22

33 44 55 55

Spermatozoa of: Hemiptera (1,2); Neuroptera (3); Lepidoptera (4); Coleoptera (5,6)

DIVERSITY OF HYMENOPTERAN SPERM

can

ax

md

md

ca

ca

33

44

55

66

77

1= sperm draft; 2-7 ant spermatozoa

DIVERSITY OF ANT SPERM

Cambridge University Press 1987