Slide 2 Making Non-English Content More Accessible Elizabeth J.
Pyatt Penn State [email protected] Slide 3 Who Am I? Quin
Soy? Pwy yw fi? Accessibility Instructional Designer Researching
accessibility since 2001 Webmaster http://accessiblity.psu.edu/
http://accessiblity.psu.edu/ Foreign Language Owner of multiple
linguistic degrees Still teach occasional course Webmaster
http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/ http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/
Slide 4 Outline Language Tags Switches screen reader pronunciation
Can adjust spell checker also Symbol Support Unicode Standard
Tweaking Screen Readers Non-Western Character Legibility Entering
characters Slide 5 Classifying Language Support Western Languages
Spanish, French, Italian, German Support built in to U.S.
JAWS/VoiceOver Includes pronunciation files for Western languages
(e.g. Spanish, French, Italian) Non Western/Exotic Languages May
need localized version of screen reader Will likely include English
support Open source community? Unusual technical symbols Support
varies, but may be enhanced Slide 6 FirstLanguage Codes ISO-639 ISO
= International Standards Org 639 = 2-letter language tags Examples
en (English), fr (French), ja (Japanese) es (Spanish), de (Dutch),
zh (Chinese) eu (Basque), cy (Welsh), ga (Irish) hr (Croatian), sq
(Albanian). Slide 7 Why Language Tag? Documents and sections of
docs should by tagged by language My dog is black ( lang=en ) Mi
gato es negro ( lang=es ) Language tagging allows Accurate screen
reader pronunciation And enables accurate spell checking And
sorting through translated versions And other important uses Slide
8 Also3 Letter Codes ISO-639-2 & ISO-639-3 Maintained by SIL
More languages tons! pgl: Primitive Irish (found on Ogam stones)
Use only if no 2-letter code is available (e.g. Zuni=zun) Lookup
demo http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/
http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/ Lists ISO-639ISO-639-3 Slide 9
Regions Too! Codes can have national variants en-US vs en-GB vs.
Changes screen reader accent Makes colour OK in spell checker es-MX
vs. es-ES vs. es-AR la paz peace = pahs (MX) or pahth (ES) zh-CN
vs. zh-TW vs. zh-HK (Chinese) Different script! fr-FR vs. fr-CA
de-DE vs. de-CH (Swiss) pt-BR vs pt-PT Slide 10 Wikipedia Language
Editions Wikipedia URLs organized by language code es.wikipedia.org
= Spanish chr.wikipedia.org = Cherokee ang.wikipedia.org = Old
English Slide 11 Language Tag Demo JAWS/NVDA Audio Demo Note how
Spanish pronunciation changes VoiceOver Need to manually switch
between language voices (Ugh!) Can get VoiceOver to speak English
like Sophia Vergara (great party trick!) Audio Demo Slide 12 Audio
Demo Spanish in JAWS Slide 13 HTML Lang Tags HTML Header In case
your JAWS user isnt an English speaker Tag P (or DIV) Parlez-vous
franais? Tag word negro means black B or I OK if NOT emphasizing
content Or you use SPAN Slide 14 Non-Western Languages on JAWS Not
written in English alphabet E.g. Chinese, Russian, Arabic Not read
in U.S. JAWS Partial Support VoiceOver Install language plugin Look
for non-U.S. JAWS distributors
http://www.freedomscientific.com/forms/Contact_Us.asp?ID=Dealer
http://www.freedomscientific.com/forms/Contact_Us.asp?ID=Dealer
Slide 15 Language Tags Word/PPT Office 2010 (Win) Review tab,
Language Group Set Proofing Language Office 2011 (Mac) Tools :
Language Demo Mathmatique Slide 16 PDF Language Tag Acrobat Pro XI
Document: In Properties Window File : Properties Advanced tab
Language menu Slide 17 PDF: Tagging a Section Done in Tags panel
Right click tag to edit May need to insert custom codes Slide 18
Voiceover Voice Offerings Lots of good choices BUT LANG tag not
recognized Sofia Vergara effect when Spanish voice reads English
with theek assent Non-English must be downloaded can be hard in a
lab Audio Demo Slide 19 Next: Tech Symbols Tech Symbols = , ,, ,,
,,, ,, ,, MathML (or ChemML) Phonetics, currency, emoji,
weather/astronomy, logic MathML or ChemML Although you can use this
tech for one line expressions in a pinch. Slide 20 First: Encoding
and Symbols Whats Encoding? A scheme in which a number is assigned
to a character (e.g. ASCII) ASCII Examples 65=A66=B 67=C49=1 50=2
97=a98=b 99=c= 38=& 40=(41=) 91=[32= Slide 21 Unicode All
characters in all scripts Schema 0-127 = ASCII 128-255 = Additional
Western char 255-911 = Extra Roman letters 912-1039 = Greek
1040-1328 = Cyrillic . Up to 16^6 (16.7 million) potential spaces
http://www.unicode.org/ http://www.unicode.org/ Slide 22 Why
Encoding Matters Ensures character consistency Consider the
Wingding fonts (hand gestures) Actually A B C D E F in Unicode But
do screen readers read symbols aloud? VoiceOver yes for most JAWS
Probably need to tweak symbol file NVDA Not much luck Slide 23
Unicode also important for Captions of non-English video
Handwriting recognition beyond English Emoji support in general
Transmitting content over LMS Twitter & Facebook Slide 24 JAWS
Symbol File eloq.sbl in settings List of symbols supported by JAWS
A little skimpy IM-NSH-O Can add symbols Freedom Scientific has
good starter download
http://www.freedomscientific.com/Support/TechnicalSu
pport/Bulletin/1066 Freedom Scientific
http://www.freedomscientific.com/Support/TechnicalSu
pport/Bulletin/1066 Add more U+20B9=Rupee symbol of India Update
eloq.sbl Requires admin level access Location Changed between JAWS
13 & 14 http://accessbility.psu.edu/jawssymbols
http://accessbility.psu.edu/jawssymbols Slide 25 Jaws Demo of
Symbols Audio 1 Default.sbl file Audio 2 Adjusted.sbl file Slide 26
VoiceOver Pronunciation VoiceOver has better symbol support But.
Can add to dictionary in VoiceOver Utility Slide 27 VoiceOver
Utility Slide 28 Pronunciation Slide 29 Legibility of Non-Western
Characters May need to bump up font sizes 24 Point: / & 30
Point: / & Traditional (serif) vs non-traditional fonts Default
fonts from Apple/Microsoft are typically sans-serif Serif could be
better n (Lucida Grande) n (SIL Charis) Slide 30 Entering
Characters Standard Numeric codes Option or ALT codes Consider also
Alternate keyboard drivers Activate in Control Panel/System Prefs
Can make symbols more available Text Expander/Breevy (Best
Customization) Demo here Slide 31 Where to now? Beware English-only
mindset Does your accessibility product support Spanish? other
languages? Active open source communitirs Wish list Would like to
see pronunciation file standards Most languages have more regular
orthographic rules Easier dictionary access More Unicode
support!
