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tirling Engine Home Page -English-

Welcome to Stirling Engine Home Page

here have been viewers since 5 December 1995.

To Japanese Home Page

o you know about Stirling Engines?

he Stirling engine was invented in 1816, before the gasoline and Diesel engines. A Stirling engine can use a

pe of fuel, as well as solar energy and hot spring heat.

his web site offers Stirling engine information.

ease enjoy these pages.

his page is under construction 5 December 95.

Stirling engines for beginners

he Stirling engine's structureand historyare examined in this session.

ttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/indexe.htm (1 of 4)5/13/2006 5:34:53 PM
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View of model Stirling engines

this session, I am introducing some model Stirling engines.

Let's build model Stirling engines

n this page I offer plans for some easy to build Stirling engines.

Gallery of Stirling engines

n this page I offer pictures of many types of Stirling engines.

Other Stirling engine web sites

nks to other Stirling engine web sites.

Stirling Engine Home PageAcademic edition

his web site offers academic information for the Stirling engine.

Information about the Author

http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/make.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/gallery.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/others.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/academic/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/academic/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/khirata.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/khirata.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/khirata.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/academic/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/academic/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/others.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/others.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/gallery.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/gallery.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/make.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/make.htm


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ere is information about me and an easy questionaire. Please help me make my web site better.

Stirling Engine Q&A

you have any questions, opinions or comments about Stirling engines, please come here.

INFORMATION OF 12th ISEC

12th International Stirling Engine Conference

- 12th ISEC -

7-9 September 2005Durham University, School of Engineering, UK

The 12th ISEC Official Web Site

INFORMATION

The author has published a web site rerated metal workings. Please

come to my web site!

Elementary Knowledge of Metal Workings

WebRing is a means of linking web pages with similar content. You may click on the items below and jump to other Stirling

This Stirling and Hot Air Engine Ringsite owned by Koichi Hirata.

[ Previous 5 Sites| Previous| Next| Next 5 Sites| Random Site| List Sites]

http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/qanda.htmhttp://www.dur.ac.uk/isec.2005/http://www.nmri.go.jp/eng/khirata/metalwork/index_e.htmlhttp://www.geocities.com/~rrice2mailto:[email protected]://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;prev5http://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;prevhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;nexthttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;next5http://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;randomhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;listhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;listhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;randomhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;next5http://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;nexthttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;prevhttp://nav.webring.org/cgi-bin/navcgi?ring=stirling;id=7;prev5mailto:[email protected]://www.geocities.com/~rrice2http://www.webring.org/http://www.nmri.go.jp/eng/khirata/metalwork/index_e.htmlhttp://www.nmri.go.jp/eng/khirata/metalwork/index_e.htmlhttp://www.dur.ac.uk/isec.2005/http://www.dur.ac.uk/isec.2005/http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/qanda.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/qanda.htm


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To Bekkoame Home Page

Koichi Hirata

e-mail: [email protected] (Home)

e-mail: [email protected] (Office)

http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/


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tirling Engines for Beginners -English-

Stirling Engines for Beginners

To Japanese Page

oday we have ecology problems and energy problems. The world needs a clean and environmental

ower source. Stirling engines are able to use many kinds of fuel and achieve a high theoretical

ficiency.

How does a Stirling engine work?

Structure of Stirling engines

History of Stirling engines

Go to Stirling Engine Home Page

Koichi Hirata

ttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/begin.htm [04/07/2006 2:27:07 PM]
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To Japanese Page

ep 1 Characteristics of air

et's fit a rubber to a can like Figure 1. You can understand easily that the rubber expands when the can i

ated (Figure 2), and the rubber contracts when the can is cooled (Figure 3). It is caused that a pressure

e air in the can works to the rubber when the air is heated, shown in allows of Figure 2. Of course, you

nnot see the pressure by your eyes.

ep 2 What is a displacer piston?

ext, let's put in a piston into the can like Figure 4. A diameter of the piston must be somewhat smaller th

at of the can, because the piston works to move (displace) the air up and down in the can. And, please he bottom side of the can and cool the upper side of the can. After it has enough temperature difference,

ove the piston up and down by your hand. When the piston is moved up, the rubber expands because th

a lot of hot air in the can (Figure 5). It corresponds to Figure 2. When the piston is moved down, the ru

ntracts because there is a lot of cold air in the can. It corresponds to Figure 3.

the case of the Stirling engine, this piston, which moves (displaces) the air and make the pressure chan

called a displacer piston.

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ep 3 Crank mechanism ~ from piston motion to rotation ~

o you understand about the characteristics of the air and the work of the displacer piston? They are very

mportant to understand how does the Stirling engine work.

rst, connect from the piston and a bent wire with a thread like Figure 6. When the bent wire is rotated, t

ston is moved up and down. This is called a crank mechanism.

ease heat the bottom side of the can and cool the upper side of the can, similar to above description. W

ur hand rotates the bent wire, the piston is moved up and down, and the rubber expands and contracts

peatedly (Figure 7).

ep 4 Power piston ~ function of the rubber ~

he Stirling engine converts from the motion of the rubber to the rotation of the bent wire. Please connec

om the rubber to the bent wire with a rod. In this time, a force of the rubber (expansion and contraction

be the direction, which rotates the bent wire. In short, you must bend the bent wire the just right angle



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grees) from the piston like Figure 8 and 9.

ep 5 Flywheel ~ for the smooth rotation ~

his engine has not worked yet. If you try to work this engine (Figure 8 and 9), the rubber keeps the mos

pansion or contraction. In order to rotate smoothly and repeatedly, you must fit a rotated mass with the

re. It is called a flywheel.

enerally, the flywheel is circular like Figure 10. But at this point, please bend the end of the bent wire, a

a mass at the edge of the wire like Figure 11. The mass works as the flywheel and to be balanced to th

eight of the piston. So, you must fit the mass against the piston.



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ep 6 It is the Stirling engine

nally, the Stirling engine is completed.

o you understand how does the Stirling engine work?

Yes.

No.

I have known the principles before seeing this page.

o you think that above description is easy to understand?

Yes, it is easy.

No, it is not easy.

you have any suggestion about this page, please tell me it.

you can, please tell me your name, e-mail address and country.

Name:

Country:

E-mail address:



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S.: When the Stirling engine is understood, it is important that the knowledge of the characteristics of a

hermodynamics), the crank mechanism and the flywheel (Mechanics and Mechanical Vibrations). I ha

ed to explain about them as simply as possible. Please contact me if you find incomprehensible conten

y errors, and have any your opinions. I hope that this description becomes more suitable for every youn

udent. Permission is hereby granted, by author, to print and distribute this description. Thank you.

oichi Hirata ([email protected])

Return to Stirling Engines for Beginners


Koichi Hirata


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MAILBACK SYSTEM MESSAGE

OK. Done.

BEKKOAME INTERNET INC.

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tructure of Stirling Engines -English-

Structure of Stirling Engines

To Japanese Page

irling engines have two pistons that create a 90 degree phase angle and two different temperature

aces. The working gas in the engine is perfectly sealed, and doesn't go in and out to the atmosphere

irling engines can be classified as two pistons type Stirling engines and displacer type Stirling engi

he two pistons type Stirling engine consists of two power pistons. The displacer type Stirling engin

nsists of one power piston and a displacer piston.

Two pistons type Stirling engine

The two pistons type Stirling engine shown in this figure. A space above a

piston is always heated by a heat sou

A space above a cold piston is cooled

always.

Please click next buttons and you wil

a operation principle of the two pisto

type Stirling engine.

Stillness

Animation

(Netscape2.0 is demanded.)

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tructure of Stirling Engines -English-

Displacer type Stirling engine

The displacer type Stirling engine is

shown in this figure. A space above a

displacer piston is always heated by a

heat source. A space below the displapiston is cooled always. The displace

piston displaces hot air and cold air.

Please click next buttons and you wil

a operation principle of the displacer

Stirling engine.

Stillness

Animation

(Netscape2.0 is demanded.)



Koichi Hirata

ttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/struct.htm (2 of 2) [04/07/2006 2:32:00 PM]
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rinciple of Two Pistons Type Stirling Engines -English-

Principle of Two Pistons Type Stirling Engines

To Japanese Page

as expands when heated, and contracts when cooled. Stirling engines move the gas from the hot sid

e engine, where it expands, to the cold side, where it contracts.

EATING

et's start from a top dead center of a hot piston. The hot piston moves to the upper part of the cylind

d a cold piston moves to the lower part of the cylinder during first 90 degree revolution. The workr is moved from cold space to hot space. And the pressure in the engine is inclused.

XPANSION

ext 90 degree revolution, the two pistons move both lower part accepting the air pressure. The engi

otten the power of the operation.

OOLING

he crank shaft is revoluted by saved power in a flywheel next 90 degree. The hot piston moves to th

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rinciple of Two Pistons Type Stirling Engines -English-

wer part and the cold piston moves to the upper part. The air is moved from the hot space to the col

ace. And the pressure in the engine is decreased.

OMPRESSION

he two pistons are moved to upper part by the compression of the air during next 90 degree. The en

gotten the power of the operation in this time.

he two pistons type Stirling engine operates to repeat these distances.

ave you understood the principles of the two pistons type Stirling engines?

Yes, very well!

Yes.

No.

No, at all!

I have known the principles before seeing this page.

you can, please tell me your name, e-mail address and country.

Name:

Country:

E-mail address:

Return to Structure of Stirling Engines



Koichi Hirata

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History of Stirling Engines No.1 -English-

History of Stirling Engines No.1

To Japanese Page

he Stirling engine was invented by Robert Stirling in 1816. He was a Scottish minister. At that time

irling engines were recognized as a safe engine that could not explode like steam engines of that er

ten did.

Stirling Engine of Robert Stirling (1816)

Go to Next Page


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To Japanese Page

nce then, many kind of Stirling engines were manufactured with a view to increasing the output an

ficiency. But the engine had been made a poor production, in the back of Otto engine and Diesel

gine. Because Otto engine invented by N. Otto on 1877 and Diesel engine invented by R. Diesel o

93 were higher capacity than Stirling engine in those days.



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Stirling Engine in the early days

I took this picture in 6th International Stirling Engine

Conference, Eindhoven (the Netherlands) on 1993.

Go to Before Page--- Go to Next Page




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Koichi Hirata



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To Japanese Page

irling Engine was taken notice again, when PHILIPS Corporation started to research on Stirling en

the power source of portable generator in about 1940. A 200 W Class Stirling engine was complet

about 1950. But the engine was not spread, because the transistor that can work at low power was

vented.

Stirling Generator of PHILIPS Corporation (the Nethrland)



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I took this picture in 6th International Stirling Engine Conference,

Eindhoven (the Netherlands) on 1993.




Koichi Hirata



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2kW Class Experimental Stirling Engine

(Ship Research Institute, Japan)




Koichi Hirata



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To Japanese Page

ow, Stirling engine is studying lively in the world. For examples, Solar Stirling engine, hot spring

irling engine, underwater Stirling engine, air-conditioning Stirling system, Stirling refrigerator and

Stirling Engines in Near Future



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Go to Before Page



Koichi Hirata



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Model Stirling Engines

Rotary Displacer Type Stirling Engine

Free Piston Type Stirling Engine

The Seesaw Stirling Engine by Hubert Stierhof

50 W class Stirling engine, Mini-Ecoboy

e web site named '50 W class Stirling engine, Mini-Ecoboy' has been moved to 'Stirling Engine Home Page at Ship

search Institute'which is author's official site.


Koichi Hirata

ttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/modele.htm (2 of 2) [04/07/2006 2:36:08 PM]
http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/rotarye.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/rotarye.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/fpse.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/seesaw/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/minieco/indexe.htmhttp://www.srimot.go.jp/eng/khirata/stirling/http://www.srimot.go.jp/eng/khirata/stirling/http://www.srimot.go.jp/eng/khirata/stirling/http://www.srimot.go.jp/eng/khirata/stirling/http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/minieco/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/minieco/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/seesaw/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/seesaw/indexe.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/fpse.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/fpse.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/rotarye.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/rotarye.htm


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LSE-01

Model Stirling Engine "LSE-01"

To Japanese Page

his engine is a two piston type Stirling engine with a cap type heater made of stainless steel and it d

ot have a regenerator. Its cooling system is a natural convection cooling by air. The pistons and

linders use medical syringes made of glass, so the engine has few leakage of the working gas and s

ction. To minimize the friction loss, at most of drive parts are used ball bearings. This engine has h

eed performance. It can rotate about 3000 rpm.

Model Stirling Engine "LSE-01"

ttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/lse01e.htm (1 of 2) [04/07/2006 2:36:13 PM]
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LSE-01

Go to Section of the LSE-01

Return to View of Model Stirling Engines


Koichi Hirata

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Model Stirling Boat with MSE-01


To Japanese Page

ollowing picture is a model boat with MSE-01.

hip type is named Short Water Area Twin Hal (SWATH).

Model Boat with MSE-01

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Detail Information of MSE-01 Stirling Engine

Development of MSE-01 Boat



Koichi Hirata

http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/e_mse01.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/e_mse01.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/index.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/index.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/index.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/e_mse01.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/english/e_mse01.htm


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To Japanese Page

odel Stirling Engine "MSE-01" had been loaded some type model boats.

t first, model boat was a general catamaran.

he engine was loaded SWATH, but the boat overturned.

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he boat was installed with the floats on front and side, but it overturned too.

ow, the boat is becoming this picture.

Return to Model Stirling Boat with MSE-01



Koichi Hirata

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Model Stirling Amphibian Ship with MSE-02


To Japanese Page

his amphibian ship is powered by the 5W class Stirling Engine "MSE-02". Running Speed of this sh

about 2 km/hour on the land and on the water.

Amphibian Ship with MSE-02

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Detail Information of the MSE-02

Return to View os Model Stirling Engines


Koichi Hirata

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To Japanese Page

his model boat is powered by the MSE-05. The engine is compact and light weight.

Model Boat with MSE-05


http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/japanese/mse05.htmhttp://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~khirata/japanese/mse05.htm


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Koichi Hirata

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(Make) - Stirling Engines Diy