CARBON REDUCTION AND OFFSETTING PROGRAM (C.R.O.P.)

Makati City

Working Document as of April 30, 2013

Prepared by:

Makati City GHG Inventory Team Mr. Danilo V. Villas, Head, Department of Environmental Services (DES) and GHG Inventory Head

Mr. Sherwin Randall C. Nahial, DES Mr. Diosdado de Guzman, General Services Department (GSD

Arch. Maria Sherissa Ursua, Office of the Mayor Ms. Bibian Fernandez, Economic Enterprise Management Office Ms. Maria Rosela Ricamara, Urban Development Department

With support from:

Contents

Contents ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 6

Our Changing Climate: The Importance of GHG Management ................................................................................. 6

Benefits of GHG Management ................................................................................................................................... 7

2 Background: The LGU and its GHG emissions............................................................................. 9

Overview of Makati City ............................................................................................................................................ 9

Existing GHG Reduction Actions of Makati City ....................................................................................................... 18

3 Low Carbon Community: Vision, Priorities, and Goals ................................................................................... 20

A Vision for a Low Carbon Community .................................................................................................................... 20

GHG Management Priorities .................................................................................................................................... 20

Reduction Goals and Targets ................................................................................................................................... 21

4 Achieving Low Carbon Community Vision, Priorities, and Goals ..................................................................... 22

Establishing a Sustainable GHG Management Function ......................................................................................... 22

Strengthening Local Governance for GHG Management ........................................................................................ 24

Initiatives Focused on the Community ..................................................................................................................... 28

6 Action Plan ....................................................................................................................................................... 32

Impact Assessment of Proposed LGU Actions .......................................................................................................... 32

Preparation of the Long-term GHG Management Plan ........................................................................................... 34

Implementation of Rapid Launch Initiatives ............................................................................................................ 34

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Executive Summary

There is an ongoing call for climate action, internationally and locally, that requires governments to take necessary steps to mitigate the increasing rate of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As part of the local initiative to contribute to climate change mitigation, the City Government of Makati responded through actions that entail activity data inventory and setting the management plan framework for its entity and community level. The City of Makati first completed inventories of emissions for both government operations (entity level)1 and the community governed by the LGU (community level)2. Based on the understanding of emissions provided by these inventories, the City Government of Makati then prepared a GHG Management Framework Plan (Framework Plan) that sets the blueprint to reduce future emissions through policy initiatives, projects, and program of activities. The Framework Plan sets the LGU’s GHG management agenda. Furthermore, it sets forth the LGU's aspiration of becoming a premiere city in the country and in the ASEAN region with regards to GHG governance at the local level. With reference to the inventory data as detailed in the Inventory Report, the Framework Plan identifies the sectors in which the local government will give particular attention to in order to achieve its reduction goal and targets. The GHG inventory was completed consistent with a number of international guidance and standards. Results of the inventory cover the reporting period from January to December 2011. For the year 2011 the total GHG emission of Makati City is 1,557,683.25 Metric Tonnes of Carbon Dioxide. To further explain the sources of emission, below are the sectors included in the inventory with corresponding GHG emission and percentage share:

1 Entity Level Inventory refers to the inventory of GHG emissions of the organization or for the sake of the

LGU, the government-controlled, owned and managed units and jurisdiction 2 Community Level Inventory refers to the inventory of GHG emissions of sectors (e.g. waste, agriculture,

transportation, etc.) that are within the control, jurisdiction and boundary of the LGU

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Table 1. City of Makati GHG Emission per Sector

Sector Scope CO2 Emission (Metric Tonnes)

Percentage Share

Electricity Scope 2 1,186,316 75%

Mobile Energy (Transportation)

Scope 1 250,497 18%

Solid Waste Scope 3 55, 827 4%

Waste Water Scope 1 42, 250. 53 3%

Stationary Energy (generator and Boiler set fuel consumption)

Scope 1 6,126.1 0.45%

Grand Total 1,541,016.63 100%

Figure 1. GHG Emissions of Makati City per Sector (Percentage Distribution)

Under a business as usual scenario, the City of Makati will continue to experience growth in its local economy and the direct impact is also an exponential growth in its GHG emission.

In response to the call for climate action, the City Government of Makati has committed to reducing its GHG emissions through mitigation initiatives set in the Framework GHG Management Plan following the principles and objectives that will be discussed in detail in the document. The result of the inventory and following this challenge guided the development of this from which a detailed Long Term GHG Management Plan is anticipated to be developed in 2013 that will help the LGU identify its target emissions reduction.

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The City Government of Makati committed itself to developing a Framework Plan, led by the Department of Environmental Services aimed at articulating the LGU’s approach to GHG management.

The Makati City’s long-term vision and mission are as follows: Vision:

The Makati Carbon Reduction & Offsetting Program (CROP) sets the City’s direction towards becoming a premiere local government unit in the country and in the South East Asia Region in the field of GHG management.

Mission:

Makati City will be the model for GHG Management through the implementation of breakthrough carbon-neutral technologies, practices, and stakeholders’ participatory action.

As a rationale, the City Government of Makati perceives the Framework Plan with the following perspectives:

Frames into perspective the relevance of the GHG inventory report that: o Establishes understandable and measurable baseline data to comprehend the

impact of Makati City on climate change based from its reported activity data from significant sectors

o Develops initial data sets needed to monitor and assess local actions on climate change mitigation

o Understands current GHG emissions of Makati City and gain insights to project future emissions

Complements the inventory report by making sense of the inventory data and bringing in a concrete and actionable perspective within the LGU that allows it to manage what it has measured. More specifically, it helps the LGU to: o Analyze the Makati City’s GHG emissions to identify and map out climate change

mitigation opportunities and options o Plan its GHG emissions reduction strategies through various local policy initiatives

and projects and program of activities

Prepares the City of Makati and its citizens for regulated or voluntary GHG reduction programs in the future

Manages risks brought about by high GHG emissions that aggravate climate change Promotes environmental advocacy and social responsibility

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The Framework Plan creates a blueprint and sets the direction of the LGU with regards to its climate change action, particularly in the aspect of mitigation through GHG emissions reduction strategies. Specifically, the primary objective(s) of the Framework Plan for Makati City are:

• To integrate the GHG management framework plan to existing development plans of the City Government (e.g. CLUP, CDP, Climate Change Action Plan)

• To develop strategies and mechanisms on how to • To implement local policies related to climate change mitigation and GHG reduction • To develop realistic and time bound programs, projects and activities related to GHG

emission reduction Finally, as the LGU intends to institutionalize these climate change actions into a long-term initiative, the City Government of Makati must establish specific GHG Management organization to lead Makati in pursuit to position the city as one of the most environmentally sustainable city not only in the country but in the ASEAN Region.

1 Introduction

Our Changing Climate: The Importance of GHG Management

The effects of climate change are now being felt throughout the world - periods of long drought, abnormal deluges and floods, and more unpredictable weather conditions. Recent weather-related environmental catastrophes demonstrate the harmful effects of climate change in the Philippines. Overwhelming scientific evidence shows that global warming is altering the earth’s normal temperature and climatic shifts. Human activities such as burning of fossil fuel and land use change due to rapid urbanization are considered significant factors that contribute to the increasing amount of GHG emissions in the earth's atmosphere.

The degree and scope of climate change and its consequences now require collective sustainable solutions. At the national level, the Philippine government, as a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol, expressed its commitment to addressing GHG emissions by identifying reduction targets and implementing policies to help mitigate climate change. The role of Local Government Units (LGUs) in climate change mitigation complements that of the national government and is crucial particularly with regards to planning and implementing policy initiatives at entity and community levels3.

3 Entity Level Inventory refers to the inventory of GHG emissions of the organization or for the sake of the

LGU, the government-controlled, owned and managed units and jurisdiction. Community Level Inventory refers to the inventory of GHG emissions of sectors (e.g. waste, agriculture, transportation, industry, etc.) that are within the control, jurisdiction and boundary of the LGU

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As a part of its commitment to mitigating climate change, the City Government of Makati has completed bottom-up GHG inventories to complement the lead of the national government. Following the completions of the inventories, the City Government of Makati initiated ongoing processes as an approach to monitor, inventory and manage GHG emissions at both levels. The City Government of Makati emphasizes the importance of preparing and implementing a GHG Management Plan. Overall, the GHG Management Plan allows the City Government to analyze the emissions produced within its geographic boundary and to identify appropriate climate change mitigation options through policies and programs. Using the inventory report as a backbone for a scientific baseline analysis of trends in GHG emissions, the plan serves as Makati City’s blueprint for climate action. It lays out the framework for setting targets and goals to reduce emissions, as well as concrete approaches and options that the city can adopt and implement. It articulates the strategies, policy options, programs and activities - mainstreaming the existing and developing future actions - to institutionalize best practices on climate change mitigation of the city. At present, the City Government of Makati has a number of programs, projects, and activities (PPAs) and policies that are being implemented. A GHG Management Plan will allow the GHG Makati Team to mainstream these ongoing initiatives, with specific attention to mitigation. It can influence the creation of legislative measures influencing a more unified set of mitigation actions and institutionalization in the future.

Benefits of GHG Management

The Framework Plan is the principal document that will guide the further development of the city's Long-term GHG Management Plan. The preparation of the GHG Management Plan for the City of Makati is broken down into two steps: the Framework GHG Management Plan (Framework Plan) and the Long Term GHG Management Plan (Long Term Plan). These follow the completion of the GHG inventory in sequence, as shown below in Figure 1.

Figure 2. GHG Management Process

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The Framework Plan builds on this background and starts the process that will eventually lead to a Long Term GHG Management Plan for the LGU. In particular the Framework Plan establishes the vision, strategy and the broad goals and targets the LGU will pursue in its rapid launch initiatives. By determining the emissions over which the LGU has the largest influence and articulating goals and strategies that will enable the city of Makati to reduce its GHG emissions, the Framework Plan sets the overall priorities for how the LGU will manage what it was able to measure in terms of its emissions. The Long Term Plan, which is to be developed in future initiative, builds upon the Framework Plan and analyzes specific initiatives in the priority areas that can be further enhanced and institutionalized to meet the city's targets. It also provides a detailed long-term action plan for implementation and monitoring.

The LGU has identified the following purposes for developing a GHG Management Plan document:

It will provide decision makers the GHG emission projection of the City for the next three (3) years;

It serves as an additional tool to strengthen existing development plans of the City (e.g. CLUP) especially in the area of climate change mitigation;

It shall guide, the City Government to efficiently implement the following sector specific initiatives: - Energy: Green Transport Plan and Green Building initiative - Solid Waste: integration of GHG management programs to the 10 year solid waste

management plan of the City - Waste water- construction of additional sewage treatment plants (STP)

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2 Background: The LGU and its GHG emissions

Overview of Makati City Geographical Location Located at the center of the National Capital Region (NCR), Makati is bounded on the north by Pasig River facing Mandaluyong City, on the east by the Municipality of Pateros, on the northwest by the City of Manila, on the south and southwest by Pasay City, and on the southeast by Taguig City. Makati is one of the 17 local government units that comprise Metro Manila. Land Area Makati has a total land area of 27.36 square kilometers; it constitutes 4.3% of Metro Manila’s total land area. Demographics Makati City includes a population of 510,383 residents, based on the 2007 Census and 567,349, if we are to include the persons residing in the disputed area with Taguig. Makati ranks ninth in population size within Metro Manila municipalities. This figure represents an increase of 95,970 over the 2000 Census figure, see Table 1 - Makati Population and Intercensal Annual Growth Rate, 1903-2007 below. Makati is additionally rated as the 42nd most densely populated city in the world, with roughly 18,654 persons per square kilometer. This includes a grand total of 113,418 households, with an average size of 4.5 people per household. During daytime, the City’s population goes up to about 3.7 million, on weekdays, as people from other parts of Metro Manila and nearby provinces go and pass Makati to work, do business or shop.

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Table 2. Makati Population and Intercensal Annual Growth Rate, 1903-2007

CENSUS DATE POPULATION INTERCENSAL INCREASE / DECREASE

% INCREASE / DECREASE

ANNUAL GROWTH RATE

March 2, 1903 2,700

December 31, 1918 12,612 9,912 367 10.82

January 1, 1939 33,530 20,918 166 4.77

October 1, 1948 41335 7,805 23 2.35

February 15, 1960 114,540 73,205 177 8.86

May 6, 1970 264,918 150,378 131 8.75

May 1, 1975 334,448 69,530 26 4.77

May 1, 1980 372,631 38,183 11 2.19

May 1, 1990 452,734 80,103 21 1.98

September 1, 1995 484,176 31,442 7 1.25

May 1, 2000 471,379 -12,970 -3 -0.5

August 1, 2007 567,349* 95,970 20.36 2.65 *Includes population of disputed areas (Post Proper Northside and Post Proper Southside) with Taguig City. Source: NSO

Political Subdivision There are two (2) Congressional Districts with a total of thirty-three (33) Barangays. Classification and Economy Makati is a highly urbanized, first class city and is known as the "Premier Financial and Commercial Center of the Philippines". Anchored by Ayala Avenue, Makati is the home of the Philippine Stock Exchange and the Makati Business Club, one of the most important economic hubs in the Philippines. Total number of registered business establishments in Makati is 56,578 with the breakdown shown in Table 3. There are fifty-two (52) embassies, forty-three (43) consulates and seventeen (17) international organizations.

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Table 3. Registered Business Establishments in Makati, 2009

NATURE OF BUSINESS NUMBER

Services 19,353

Wholesale/Retail 16,611

Real Estate 9,797

Convenient Store, Restaurants and Amusement Places

4,389

Banks and Finance-related 3,529

Export/Import 1,702

Manufacturing 1,197

TOTAL 56,578

Source: Makati City Business Permits Office

The financial district is where most of Makati's financial resources are concentrated. This is an informal district bounded by EDSA, Gil Puyat Ave., Antonio Arnaiz Avenue/Pasay Road, and Chino Roces Avenue. It mainly encompasses Legazpi Village, Salcedo Village, Ayala Center, and parts of Bel-Air. Much of the area is owned by Ayala Land, Inc and administered through Makati Commercial Estates Authority (MACEA), its subsidiary. The Makati CBD is considered to be one of the most vibrant commercial districts in Southeast Asia and is considered to be a major metropolis affecting world economies.

Makati Central Business District

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Makati Park and Garden

Makati is noted for its highly cosmopolitan culture, also being a major cultural and entertainment hub in Metro Manila. In fact, the City is declared as the Premiere Urban Tourist Destination of the Country. Environmental Management

There are twenty three (23) parks and open spaces and four (4) plant nurseries within Makati.

Garbage collection service, on the other hand, is provided by the City Government to the

twenty seven (27) barangays while the six (6) remaining which are affluent villages provides for

their own garbage collection service through a private collection hauler. The disposal site is

located at Rodriguez, Rizal which is being provided by the Metropolitan Manila Development

Authority (MMDA).

Infrastructure Development

One hundred percent (100%) of the roads within the City are concreted. These roads are well

lighted with a total number of 4,710 streetlight posts.

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Makati City Climate Change and Disaster Preparedness Profile Makati is located within the quadrangle of 12° 01' latitude north and 14° 33' longitude east. It is bounded on the north by the Pasig River facing the City of Mandaluyong, on the east by the Municipality of Pateros, on the northwest by the City of Manila, and on the south and southwest by the City of Pasay. It is one of the fourteen (14) cities of the National Capital Region which also include three (3) municipalities. The slope of the land descends towards west, southwest to southern direction. A network of natural waterways and rivers of various sizes and importance is traversing through the landscape down south to Manila Bay. Makati City is exposed to three hazards, flood, landslide and earthquake. The western portion of the city is flood prone. The eastern portion of the city is earthquake prone. A portion of the eastern side of the city is also landslide prone. The western portion of the city is composed of former tidal flats making it prone to flooding. Areas near waterways are also prone to flooding. There is one major waterway and 16 minor waterways in the city. Makati City’s climate generally falls under Type I category of the Philippine Climate Corona Classification that has two (2) pronounced seasons, wet and dry season. The months of May to October are considered rainy season period while relatively dry and cool weather pattern begins from November to April. Climate Classification based on Philippine Climate Corona

Type I - two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April wet during the rest of the year.

Type II - No Dry seasons with a very pronounced rainfall from November to January.

Type III - Seasons are not very pronounced relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year.

Type IV - Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed through the year. (SEP 2009) Extreme weather conditions attributed to climate change affects the country’s climate variability. The intensity of typhoons that traverse the city has been observed as increasing. The La Niña and El Niño phenomenon has affected the country’s weather conditions.

Demographic, economic, social, cultural characteristics The city is composed of thirty three (33) barangays which are grouped into six (6) clusters. These are the Central, Westside, Northwest, North Central, Eastside, Northeast clusters. North Central and Eastside Clusters are the two most densely populated locations in the city.

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The most vulnerable settlements are located in the Eastside cluster. This is based on the vulnerability assessment conducted by the city in its project Makati City Risk-Sensitive Urban Redevelopment Project (MRSURP). The city administration implements policies and partnerships on vulnerability alleviation thru the MRSURP. It aims to mainstream urban disaster risk reduction in land use planning and disaster management and is funded by the German Federal Foreign Office (FFO) administered through the German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV) and in partnership with the Earthquakes and Megacities Initiatives (EMI), Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS). Although the communities are not historically well-organized, they are gradually preparing for potential threats by actively participating in the city’s program for disaster preparedness. Moreover, the city incessantly continues its programs on information, education and communication and involves all the communities in its projects concerning disaster. City DRM policy, legislation, plans and capacities The city policies on disaster risk management include the creation of Makati City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (MCDRRMC), through City Ordinance No. 97093 on July 1, 1997. The City also adheres with the policies contained on Republic Act No. 10121, also known as Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010. This law strengthens the Philippine disaster risk reduction and management system, provides the national disaster risk reduction and management framework and institutionalizes the national disaster risk reduction and management plan. Other policies supporting the City’s Disaster Risk Reduction (DRM) initiatives include the Makati 21 Agenda, Comprehensive Land Use Plan, Makati Zoning Ordinance, Makati Solid Waste Management Plan, Drainage Master Plan and local ordinances on the creation of Makati Emergency Systems and Makati Rescue, Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. The city administration in sufficiently equipped with personnel and capacities. The Makati Rescue conducts seminars and trainings on disaster management for barangay personnel and volunteers. The Department of Environmental Services also conducts seminars on climate change. There are also other information, education and communication projects that help equip the city administration including residents on climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction. The city does not have a final DRM Plan however; the Makati DRRMC is a multi-sectoral council that discusses the DRM Plan, disaster preparedness activities and projects and other related tasks.

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Risk Assessments The city started its comprehensive disaster risk assessment in 2008 through the Makati City Risk-Sensitive Urban Redevelopment Project (MRSURP) including the mapping of vulnerable barangays. The vulnerability assessment was based on the physical risk, social vulnerability and coping capacity of the barangays. A complete and comprehensive disaster risk assessment has only been done with Brgy. Rizal.

Barangay Rizal is the first barangay to be part of the MRSURP. The barangay together with the city government has conducted a strategic planning workshop, community preparation and advocacy planning workshop, barangay visioning workshop, vulnerability and capacity assessment survey, building and lifeline inventory, disaster town watching and disaster mitigation planning workshop. These activities are for the redevelopment of the barangay in addressing its high risk and vulnerability.

The assessment conducted with Brgy. Rizal is multi-sectoral. It identified the different aspects of vulnerability such as social, physical, institutional and economic vulnerability. The results of the vulnerability, risk assessment and mapping were disseminated to the zone leaders and barangay officials at Brgy. Rizal thru barangay consultation. They are tasked to inform all those concerned the result of the said assessment. The city shared the result with neighboring barangays. However, the city has not yet started addressing trans-city risks. Land use planning

The city’s land use plan is integrated with risk sensitive and resilience principles. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) is currently being updated. It has considerations on hazards and disaster resilience. The Eastside cluster is identified as the most vulnerable cluster in the city. This area of the city is planned to be classified as a danger zone but is still yet to be finalized because of the lack of scientific data on the exact location of the fault zone. Informal settlements in the city are currently being addressed. These settlements are being tagged for relocation to the nearby provinces of Bulacan and Laguna or for “Balik Probinsya”. The relocation site in Bulacan known as the Dreamlandville, Makati-GK Community Development Project is in partnership with BDO Foundation and Gawad Kalinga. The city has a major waterway that boarders the north side of the city. The Pasig River has a total of 60 km length of which 6 kms passes through Makati. The city’s Zoning Ordinance classifies the area along the river as Riverside Development Zone. This zone has prescribed development. The prescribed development takes into account the possible occurrence of flood and other climate related disasters.

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The Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Zoning Ordinance (ZO) are two of the city’s tools in urban planning and development. The creation of these plans is highly participatory. It involves the different departments and offices of the city government and consultation with NGOs, civil society organizations and the private sector. The CLUP and ZO both help in the preservation and conservation of the natural environment.

Regulatory measures

The Philippines has strong environmental laws and mandates that conserve critical natural environments. The following are national mandates that support resilience and conservation of natural environments:

Clean Water Act

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act

National Building Code

Local Government Code

Urban Development and Housing Act

Millennium Development Goals

National Physical Framework Plan

National Framework Strategy and Program on Climate Change are some of the Makati City has local ordinances and resolutions that support the above mentioned national mandates:

Makati 21 Agenda

Comprehensive Land Use Plan

Makati Zoning Ordinance

Makati Solid Waste Management Plan

Financial Management Plan

Traffic Management

Hospital Management Information System

City’s Medium-Term and Annual Investment Plan The 2012 GHG Inventory Report identifies the following sectors as significant contributors to emissions within the LGU’s community boundary. Table 5 summarizes the total emissions from the various sectors in the city, while Figure 2 presents the percentage contribution of each sector to the total emissions:

Stationary Energy

Transportation

Waste

Electricity (Scope 2)

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Table 4. Makati City's Emission per Sector

Sector Scope CO2e emission ( Tons)

Electricity Scope 2 1,186,316

Mobile Energy (Transportation)

Scope 1 250,497

Solid Waste Scope 3 55, 827

Waste Water Scope 1 42, 250. 53

Stationary Energy Scope 1 6,126.1

Grand Total 1,541,016.63

The Electricity consumption of business and residential sector tops the list, and constitutes 1,186,316 tCO2 of the total emissions. This was followed by transportation sector with 18%, waste sector 7% and generator and boiler set fuel consumption 0.45% In the case of Makati City, being the financial and business capital of the country, emissions will continue to increase due to continuous infrastructure development (e.g. corporate buildings, condominium etc.) being carried out by land developers and business investors.

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Existing GHG Reduction Actions of Makati City The city of Makati has implemented various GHG emissions reduction programs as part of its initiatives to mitigate climate change. Based from its inventory report, the significant sectors with the highest GHG emissions are the electricity and energy sectors. As such, the LGU of Makati engaged in various initiatives to reduce emissions in said sectors. Below is an overview of the LGU’s major programs, and projects, and activities that have help meet the objectives of the climate action initiative:

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT The Solid Waste Management Program of the City of Makati requires all households to segregate their garbage at source using the following segregation scheme: Biodegradable Non-biodegradable Likewise, the City Government of Makati in partnership with the association of junkshop owners (KAJOM) is regularly implementing a program called “Baratilyo ng Basura sa Brgy”. It is a community based program to make recycling more convenient for the household by making recyclers more accessible. A similar garbage diversion program of the City Government is the Weekend Waste Market, which is in partnership with Ayala Foundation. A portion of City’s waste recovery and diversion comes from the public schools that have been tapped to set up Materials Recover Facilities in their respective compounds. In addition, these MRFs not only service the schools but also the adjacent communities. Lastly, during the weeks leading up to Christmas the City Government organize a trade fair that features handicrafts/ products made out of recycled materials. This activity highlights the value of recycling through entrepreneurial skills and ingenuity of partner organizations and communities.

Given all these initiatives the City of Makati has managed to reduce the volume of solid waste that goes to the sanitary landfill by 44% in relation to the base year (see GHG Community Level Inventory Report). The success of the city’s waste reduction and recovery program can be credited to partnerships the City government has forged with the private sector through the years.

ENERGY – TRANSPORT AND ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION OF COMMERCIAL ESTABLSIHMENTS AND RESIDENTIAL HOUSES

The energy sector of the City has the highest contribution in GHG emissions amounting to about 75%. While the transport sector has the second highest contribution in the emission amounting to 18%. The City government of Makati has been strongly encouraging the “Engine Shift Policy” to all tricycles owners/operators to change their two-stroke engines to four strokes. Likewise, the City Government as part of its Climate

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Change mitigation program regularly conducts tree planting activities within and outside the geographical boundaries of the City to counter the effects of emissions coming from the transportation sector and also increase the carbon sequestration capability of the City. To this date, the City Government of Makati was able to plant 95,000 trees within City and continuously partnering with the private sector to increase the number of trees planted. In the area of electricity consumption, the “Palit Ilaw Program” of the City Government in partnership with the Department of Energy and Philips- the said activity aims to educate residents of the City on the advantage of using energy efficiency bulbs. In partnership with the Department of Energy the City Government of Makati has distributed energy efficient bulbs to residential houses and commercial establishments.

WASTE WATER

The Manila Water and Maynilad in partnership with the City Government of Makati regularly implement septic dislodging activities to its consumers. Likewise, commercial establishment in Makati Central Business District and several residential houses in Makati are currently connected to existing sewerage treatment plants (STP) directly manage by Maynilad and Mani Water.

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3 Low Carbon Community: Vision, Priorities, and Goals

A Vision for a Low Carbon Community

The GHG Management Plan of sets forth Makati’s low carbon community vision and mission that will serve as an anchor to all future programs and projects related to GHG management: Vision: “The Makati City Carbon Reduction & Offsetting Program (CROP) sets the City’s direction towards becoming a premiere local government unit in the country and in the South East Asia Region in the field of GHG management.” Mission: Makati City will be the model for GHG Management through the implementation of breakthrough carbon-neutral technologies, practices, and stakeholders’ participatory action.

GHG Management Priorities

Item Output

Institutionalization of GHG Inventory and Management

Enactment of GHG Management Code

Formulation of GHG Management Plan

Establishment of GHG Management Committee thru Executive Order

Identification of potential funding and revenue sources

Establishment of an efficient GHG Database System

Acquisition of database software

Collection of GHG related data will be included in the renewal of pertinent permits of business establishments

Community Awareness Program Conduct of GHG and climate change orientation to the different stakeholders of the City

Development of effective communication tool

Implementation of GHG Reduction programs, projects and activities (PPA)

(Please see details in the succeeding chapters)

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New Leadership by Example Initiative Enactment of Green Building Ordinance

Retro fitting of City Hall building in compliance to Green Building standards

Reduction Goals and Targets

As mentioned in previous sections, the GHG emissions of Makati City in its base year 2011 amounts to a total of 1,541,016.63 tCO2e. From a business as usual scenario, in the next ten (10) years, Makati City being the financial capital of the country will continue to experience economic growth and also based on the CLUP-SEPP. However, it is an indispensable fact that along with economic growth is the significant increase of GHG emission. Henceforth, the purpose of the GHG Management Framework Plan and Long Term GHG Management Plan is to identify realistic, responsive and attainable programs and projects that will mitigate the adverse effects of Climate Change through GHG Management. On the other hand, another purpose of drafting the GHG Management Plan is to position the City of Makati as one of the environmentally sustainable cities not only in the country but in the whole ASEAN Region.

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4 Achieving Low Carbon Community Vision, Priorities, and Goals

Establishing a Sustainable GHG Management Function

At present, the responsibility of developing the Framework Plan resides with the GHG Makati Team an interim group which was organized during the conduct of Entity and Community- Level GHG Inventory. To this date, no legal mandate (e.g. ordinance and executive order) has been instituted by the City Government of Makati to bind members of the Ad Hoc group to perform specific duties and function with regards to any GHG related activities. Operationally, all activities undertaken by the group has been cascaded from the Department of Environmental Services Head. Moreover, the current GHG Makati Team is headed by the D.E.S. Department Head and is composed of representatives from the following departments in the City Government:

1. Office of the Mayor 2. General Services Department 3. Urban Development Department 4. Department of Engineering and Public Works 5. Economic Enterprise Management Office

As the primary steward and facilitator of GHG reduction initiatives in the City of Makati, it is imperative that GHG management will be established as a regular function within the local government. Strong, ongoing institutions with appropriate capacities and adequate resources (i.e. manpower and budget) are critical elements for effective and sustainable GHG management. The sections below discuss the local government’s way forward to establish this sustainable GHG management function. Given the present status of the GHG Management Team, several policy option highlighted below will be presented to City Council and Office of the Mayor for deliberation and approval:

FORMAL CREATION OF GHG MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COUNCIL OF MAKATI CITY To be able to sustain the GHG initiative of the City, there is a need to enact an ordinance formally creating the GHG Management Committee. Operationally speaking, the said committee will be part of the existing Environmental Protection Council. In order, to efficiently implement programs and projects related to GHG management there is need to augment the existing personnel of the GHG Makati Team.

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i. Resources Needed. An estimated amount of PHP 2,100,000 is needed to implement the immediate next steps and initiatives in the Framework Plan. This estimate shall be used to hire additional staff to perform new duties and responsibilities in the GHG Management Team to fund the conduct and implementation of actual activities and projects and to engage third party advisors and service providers that may be needed. Table 1 presents a breakdown of the estimated resources needed.

Resource Budget (in PHP)

Staff 500,000

Technical Experts and Consultants 100,000

GHG Inventory Software Development Program

1,000,000

Overhead Costs 300,000

Training/ Capacity Building 100,000

Total 2,100,000

ii. Potential Funding Sources. To support the resources necessary for implementing the City’s/Municipality’s GHG reduction initiatives, several potential funding sources have been identified and will be explored by the local government. They are categorized as follows:

Type Source

Internal/Local Revenue Sources

Annual Investment Plan (AIP)

Special Funds and Grants

Special funds from multilateral development banks and donor agencies, from national government agencies (e.g. Climate Change Commission, DOTC, DOE, ADB, World Bank etc.)

Counterpart Sources

Ayala Group of Companies, MERALCO, Philips

iii. Capacity Development Needs. Equally important to the commencement of plan

implementation is the continuous capacity development Makati City in the area of climate change and GHG management. In the first few years of implementation, the GHG Management Team will develop and strengthen its internal capacity, particularly in the following fields:

Project-level Greenhouse Gas Accounting

Climate Change Mitigation Planning and Co-benefits

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Monitoring and assessment of projects and overall progress of plan implementation

Sectoral GHG Management for local governments

Project Management

Integrated adaptation and mitigation planning

Multi-stakeholder engagement

Clean technologies

Benchmarking

Basic Organization on Green House Gas Accounting

Fundamentals in the Formulation of GHG Management Plan

For other organizational units in the LGU, as well as the City Council and other stakeholders involved in the operations of the local government, continuous capacity development on the science of climate change and basics of GHG accounting and GHG management will be conducted. The LGU will capacitate other stakeholders in the LGU for them to participate more actively and effectively in the management of the community’s GHG emissions. For private sector emitters- capacity development on GHG accounting and management is essential. For the community, as whole, initial efforts to create and raise awareness on climate change impacts, mitigation, and co-benefits are essential. To gather support for local initiatives there is a need to escalate and expand the capacities of the stakeholders to achieve optimum success. In particular, build the capacity of the community on:

Understanding GHG mitigation opportunities and clean technology options

Program implementation - Building energy efficiency - Transportation mitigation and management - General orientation on renewable energy initiatives - Waste management

Strengthening Local Governance for GHG Management

Mitigating the impact of climate change requires both national and local action. While national policies and programs exist, strategies and plans at the local level are necessary as the effects of climate change is largely a localized concern and requires specific approaches tailored to fit local characteristics and environment. The responsibility of knowledge management, planning and regulation, implementation, and awareness building fit squarely into the mandates and authorities of LGUs and highlights the importance of local governance in climate change mitigation. The City of Makati prioritizes four (4) major categories of initiatives to support and strengthen climate change mitigation governance at the local level.

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i. GHG Management and Climate Change Integration into Planning Processes and Administrative Procedures. Opportunities to integrate GHG management into regular planning processes of LGUs exist in the various local plans required of them by national laws and mandates. Among these are local development plans, annual investment plans, and the local climate change action plan. Establishing GHG management and climate change mitigation as critical elements in the city’s development and planning processes ensures that they will be well integrated into ongoing governance processes. This ensures that the implementation of GHG management initiatives will be efficient and effective.

The City of Makati shall develop and/or update the following local plan documents to include GHG management and climate change mitigation in the LGU’s various initiatives proposed in these plans:

Comprehensive Land Use Plan Legal Mandate: Local Government Code, Urban and Development Housing Act Sectors Affected: Land use, buildings and residential

In compliance with the recent directive from the national government, the city of Makati is currently updating its Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 2013- 2023. The formulation of the CLUP is a perfect opportunity to integrate the GHG management initiative in the allocation of resources. The CLUP is a critical planning document for the LGU as it influences the development of the city in the area of environmental stability, spatial integration, food security, and access to physical and natural resources among others. The management of the GHG emissions from the LGU’s key source sectors – stationary energy, transportation, waste and industry – will significantly be affected by plans and programs that are included in the CLUP.

Among the important revisions in the CLUP that are related to GHG management and climate change mitigation includes the full integration of the GHG Management Plan initiatives (e.g program, plans and activities). In the area of institutional development, there is a need also to integrate GHG plans more specifically in the conduct of GHG Entity and Community Inventory into the existing processes of the City Government.

Climate Change Action Plan Legal Mandate: Climate Change Act The City of Makati is in the process of formulating its local climate change action plan as mandated by the Climate Change Act. Therefore, inclusion of the different programs and projects listed in the GHG Management Plan is strategically important since CO2 reduction is also one of the priorities of National Climate Change Action Plan 2011- 2028.

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ii. Data Collection and Management. Effective climate change planning relies largely on data availability and quality. Robust data collection and management systems are foundation of GHG inventory accounting, which in turn is crucial to ensuring that GHG management processes are responsive to climate change challenges. The planned initiatives of the city government to improve data management include:

Improving the city government’s data collection procedures for existing services by integrating collection of GHG data on the following permit documents:

1. Renewal of business permits 2. Application of building permits 3. Application to install generator and boiler set/s (Office of the Building Permits) 4. Payment of real estate tax

Partnering with Mapua Institute of Technology (Makati) to create a website, online portal, for GHG and other climate change related information

Partnering with the University of Makati and Ateneo School of Government for assistance in research and data gathering i.e. surveys and interviews relevant to periodic conduct of GHG inventories

Development or acquisition of data management system to facilitate submission and storage of GHG and other climate change information from stakeholders in the community

iii. Leadership by Example. The total GHG emission of Makati City Government operations is 12,448 tCOe. To reduce its emissions and to set an example for the whole community, the local government has identified several opportunities in line with Makati City’s low carbon vision.

GHG Management of Emissions from Local Government Operations. This type of initiatives open new perspectives, encourages learning, and demonstrates doable actions that transform LGU employees as leaders at the forefront of GHG management. The LGU initiatives below are designed to directly lessen the GHG emissions from its own operations and present models for wider and broader initiatives for the community.

Reducing the electricity consumption (in kWh) of all LGU-owned buildings and establishments should be prioritized by the City Government leadership. In connection, the following items are the propose intervention plan to reduce the electricity consumption of the City Government:

1. Formulation of Makati City Government Energy Saving Plan 2. Creation of monthly electricity consumption target spearheaded by General

Services Department 3. Installation of LED to all existing streetlights 4. Creation of incentive scheme

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Reducing the volume of solid waste collected from LGU-owned buildings and establishments by conducting a monthly used paper collection activity spearheaded by the Department of Environmental Services, banning the use of plastics and Styrofoam, implementing garbage segregation policies in all LGU offices, etc.

New Initiatives for Rapid Launch. While the city’s Long-Term GHG Management Plan is being prepared, The LGU can act on certain key opportunities can to manage GHG emissions from local government operations. (For better appreciation please see rapid launch activities in Chapter 6).

iv. Building Community Awareness. The residents, business organizations, and transportation sector are key players in realizing the city’s low carbon vision. GHG emissions from energy use and waste generation of residential and commercial buildings, as well as from fuel consumption of the public and private transportation sector directly affect the different stakeholders of the City. The active involvement and contribution of these sectors is critical for the GHG emission reduction initiatives for the City Government of Makati. Community awareness of climate change and GHG mitigation and its benefits is essential to developing the commitment and support necessary to move these plans forward. In addition, various sectors with the community must understand why the steps to be taken are necessary and what role they are to play. The City of Makati has identified the following actions to build community awareness on GHG management and climate change mitigation opportunities: Develop an audio visual presentations related to GHG management and climate change that will be shown in key strategic locations such as cinema houses, electronic billboards, city hall lobby, MRT station (Guadalupe, Ayala and Magallanes)

Create a dedicated Climate Change Action portal in the city’s website

Partner with the University of Makati, Mapua Institute of Technology and Ateneo School of Government to bring together academia, business sector, and the local government and form a formal group that deals with activities related to GHG management (e.g. BAQ, LEDS) funding support for competitions between barangays or villages implementing community-based GHG reduction initiatives

Develop and implement basic climate change modules for local public and private schools in the community.

Conduct a town hall meetings in private villages with homeowners associations, barangay halls, churches, local transportation terminals, and public markets to bring down the awareness campaigns to the grass roots

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Initiatives Focused on the Community

The Makati City’s low carbon path rests on reducing the GHG emissions of the broader community. For Makati City, the potentials are in the sectors of electricity consumption (residential and commercial), transportation, solid waste, water waste and stationary energy. Existing initiatives that work for the community will be continued and may be improved or expanded, while a more comprehensive list of initiatives and policies will be extensively studied and developed for long-term implementation. In this Framework Plan, initiatives to bring down community GHG emissions are divided into:

Initiatives for further assessment in preparation for the Long-Term GHG Management Plan

New initiatives for rapid launch that will be implemented from November 2012 to June 2013 in parallel with the preparation of the Long-Term GHG Management Plan.

i. Strategic Long Term Initiatives

Climate Smart Transportation. The City of Makati hosts an average of 800,000 vehicles daily with equivalent emissions of 266,677 tCOe of the community’s total. To make an impact and significantly improve this sector’s carbon footprint, coordinated urban planning policies, provision of enabling means for low-carbon transportation, and initiatives to directly reduce fuel consumption are necessary. The LGU has identified the following priorities to reduce transportation related emissions and achieve low GHG transportation systems.

Five priorities 1. Reducing GHG emissions and improving livability through planning 2. Promoting non-motorized transportation and moving information 3. Utilizing public transportation and high occupancy vehicles 4. Improving transportation system efficiency 5. Supporting the adoption of renewable fuels and clean energy

Priority 1: Reducing GHG emissions and improving livability in planning processes

Prioritizing GHG emissions reductions in transportation planning

Integrating planning at the local, metropolitan, and regional levels

Applying principles of Smart Growth and Transit-Oriented Development (e.g. mixed use communities and car-free areas)

Promoting the expansion of the green canopy by encouraging street trees Priority 2: Promoting non-motorized transportation and moving information

Provision of bicycle lanes

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Implementing bicycle parking spaces, bike racks and public bicycle programs throughout the city, and especially adjacent to transit stations

Giving priority access to public space and transit stations to pedestrians and bicycle riders

Expanding the number and quality of sidewalks along principal pedestrian routes

Rationalizing parking on public streets

Utilizing bicycles for police officers in urban centers

Priority 3: Utilizing public transportation and high occupancy vehicles

Increasing the efficiency and connectedness of low capacity systems (bus, jeepney, and tricycle)

Promoting education and incentive-based trip reduction programs

Promoting car-pooling, van-pooling, and car share programs for private vehicles

Introducing market-based instruments to reduce congestion and pollution

Priority 4: Improving transportation system efficiency

Improving the circulation of traffic - Improving traffic signal synchronization - Utilizing intelligent traffic management systems - Promoting GHG inventories and mitigation planning for private sector

Improving the efficiency of the transportation fleet - Promoting community purchases of compact and hybrid vehicles (Public

Transportation) - Purchasing fuel efficient (e.g. hybrid) and/or smaller fleet vehicles for the

municipal fleet - Utilizing fuel-efficient vehicles (e.g. scooters) for parking enforcement - Improving vehicle inspection program and technical inspections of vehicles in

the streets

Improving the integration of modes of transportation - Funding for the Makati City Mono Rail program

Priority 5: Supporting the adoption of renewable fuels and clean energy

Utilizing alternative fuel vehicles (biodiesel, ethanol, electric, compressed natural gas) for city fleet

Promoting the use of low carbon alternative fuels

Formulation of incentive programs to encourage stakeholders to purchase alternative fuels

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Low Carbon Neighborhoods and Buildings. In pursuing a harmonious co-existence of the City and its environment, there should be a collective effort between City Government, Barangay residents and business/commercial owners. It is from this premise that we intend to identify and develop GHG reduction initiatives and programs that will encourage stakeholders to embrace our transforming Makati City into a low carbon city in the country. As such, we intend to encourage existing business owners and future investors to invest in energy efficient technologies, complemented by implementing energy conservation measures that will contribute less to their future carbon footprint. The following strategies and initiatives have been identified to reduce emissions from building energy use and industrial processes:

Four priorities: 1. Designing low carbon neighborhoods 2. Building community capacity to understand and address GHG emissions 3. Improving building and equipment energy efficiency 4. Promoting low carbon energy sources for buildings and commercial establishments

Priority 1: Designing low carbon neighborhoods

Prioritizing GHG emissions reductions/minimization goals when conducting urban planning (Formulation CLUP)

Priority 2: Building community capacity to understand and address GHG emissions

Increasing community awareness of GHG and their role in climate change

Increasing community awareness of GHG mitigation opportunities

Increasing community support for GHG mitigation initiatives

Increasing community capacity to implement GHG mitigation initiatives (supply of products and expertise)

Priority 3: Improving building and equipment energy efficiency

Improving building energy efficiency - Promoting “green building codes/standards” for new and rehabilitated buildings - Promoting energy efficiency retrofits for existing buildings - Promoting the use of shade trees and eco-roofs

Improving the efficiency of energy-using equipment in buildings - Promoting the use of energy efficient air conditioning

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- Promoting the use of energy efficient lighting - Promoting the use of energy efficient appliances - Promoting the use of energy efficient electronic equipment - Promoting the use of energy efficient motors in commercial building

Priority 4: Promoting low carbon energy sources for buildings and industry

Promoting the use of biogas as a replacement for LPG

Low Carbon Consumption and Intelligent Waste Management

Three priorities 1. Low carbon consumption 2. Waste minimization 3. Intelligent waste management Priority 1: Low carbon consumption

Increase awareness and knowledge of the GHG impacts of different products

Promote the consumption of products and services that genuinely increase well-being and have a low-carbon-footprint

Discourage the consumption of high-carbon-footprint products and services

Promote collaborative consumptions (behaviors, technologies, institutions) Priority 2: Waste minimization

Minimize packaging

Promote reuse and recycling behaviors

Penalize wasteful consumption

Invest in recycling facilities and improved collection systems

Promote local ventures that can transform waste into marketable products Priority 3: Intelligent waste management

Increase the share of organic waste composted and reused

Improve solid waste management practices to eliminate methane emissions

Invest in improved waste water collection and treatment systems

Improve waste collection processes (optimized routes, less frequent waste collection days, fuel efficient and low carbon trucks)

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6 Action Plan

Following the creation of this Framework Plan the Makati City Government will 1) implement the Rapid Launch Initiatives that have been identified to set the foundation for GHG management in the community, and 2) prepare a Long-Term GHG Management Plan for the City of Makati. In relation, the City Government of Makati more specifically the “Sangguniang Panglungsod” must first ratify the GHG Management Code to be able to implement all listed initiatives in Framework Plan.

Impact Assessment of Proposed LGU Actions

Timeframe: June- December 2013 Lead Department/Unit/Agency: Department of Environmental Services and GHG Makati Team The Makati City Government will be implementing noteworthy initiatives that have GHG reduction potentials. While these actions were primarily conceptualized and conducted for specific sectoral goals, assessing their impact on the community’s carbon footprint and documenting their co-benefits in the LGU are important to better align these actions to the community’s vision and goals.

SECTOR INITIATIVES Lead Department/ Office/ Institution

Budget Requirements

(PHP)

Energy •Require establishments to reassess and to develop energy conservation plans through a city ordinance (Note: Projects will not be considered CDM-eligible if done through a legal mandate) •Development and passage of a local GHG management code and Building Code

Makati GHG Management Committee and Makati Business Development Council Makati GHG Management Committee, Makati City Council

300,000 300,000

Transportation Acquisition of E-vehicles

Office of the Mayor

500,000,000

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Construction of mono rail transit to connect the two districts

Construction of bus rapid transit station

Office of the Mayor Office of the Mayor

TBD TBD

Traffic Management

Construction of elevated pathways and underpasses

TBD

Environment Explore the possibility of identifying car free zones in the City and at the same calculate the projected CO2 reduction of the initiative

Public Safety Department TBD

Health Streamlining and alignment of GHG Management initiatives to existing Air Quality Mgt. programs of the City Government (Project Hangin and Bantay Tambustso)

Department of Environmental Services, Makati Pollution Control Office and Makati Health Department

300,000

Economic Conduct of Impact Assessment regarding the positive effect of GHG Management on the economic development of the City (e.g. Job creation, increase of investors etc.)

Urban Development Department

300,000

Social Development of incentive based programs (competition) for corporation

DES/ GHG Mgt Comm./ Office of the Mayor/ Sangguniang Panglungsod

10,000,000

Social Low Carbon Housing Project for Makati City employees and citizens

Office of the Mayor 1,000,000,000

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Preparation of the Long-term GHG Management Plan

Timeframe: June- December 2013 Lead Department/Unit/Agency: Department of Environmental Services and GHG Makati Team The Long-Term GHG Management Plan that will be prepared by June 2013 is a multi-year action plan that identify, in more detail, the mitigation policies and initiatives that will be implemented by the LGU to achieve its goals and targets, aligned with its low carbon development vision. A systematic review will be undertaken to define policy priorities, timelines, and short- and medium-term emission reduction goals. A revenue development plan to fund these GHG management initiatives in the community would also be drafted. The Department of Environmental Services which functions as the lead agency of the GHG Makati Team will spear head in facilitating the necessary consultation and studies to determine the viability of listed programs and projects.

Implementation of Rapid Launch Initiatives

Using the Framework Plan as foundation for the community’s overall GHG management direction, the City of Makati shall implement the following initiatives in parallel with the preparation of the Long-Term GHG Management Plan. They are summarized in the table below.

RAPID LAUNCH

Initiative Sectors Affected

Implementing Partners

Budget Requirement

(PHP)

Timeframe

Leadership by Example

Systematic collection and recording of total number of waste collected within the premises of Makati City Hall Formulation of GHG Management Code 100 percent conversion of existing public parks lighting

Waste

Cross sectoral

Energy

Department of Environmental Services DES/ GHG Mgt. Comm. DES and GSD

300,000 300,000 60,000,000

June- December 2013 March 2013 June- December 2013

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LED Formulation of Makati City Gov’t. Energy Saving Plan Conduct of annual GHG entity and community level inventory Retrofitting of City Hall building (Green building initiative)

Energy

Cross sectoral

Energy

Office of the City Administrator DES/ GHG Mgt. Committee Office of the Mayor

1,000,000 300,000 215,000,000

June 2013 June 2013 Ongoing

Community Initiatives

Conversion of tricycles from 2 strokes to 4 strokes Increase awareness of PCOs, building administrators, building owners on implications of energy use on climate change and build capacity on conducting entity-level inventory of their GHG emissions Efficient Traffic Management

Transportation

Energy

Transportation

Tricycle Operators/ Association Business Owners, Building Administrator and Pollution Control Officers PSD- MAPSA

300,000

Ongoing June 2013 Ongoing

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Community Awareness

Development of audio visual materials to be released and shown in key areas such as cinema house, electronic billboard Include Climate Change mitigation and GHG Management to regular IEC programs and activities Development of incentive based programs (competition) for Barangays to actively participate on this initiative

Cross sectoral

Cross sectoral

Cross sectoral

Advertising agency and ICRD DES and ICRD Department of Environmental Services

5,000,000 100,000 5,000,000

March 2013 April 2013 December 2013

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RAPID LAUNCH Initiative Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Leadership by Example Systematic collection and recording of total number of waste collected within the premises of Makati City Hall

Formulation of GHG Management Code

100 percent conversion of existing public parks lighting LED

Formulation of Makati City Gov’t. Energy Saving Plan

Conduct of annual GHG entity and community level inventory

Retrofitting of City Hall building (Green building initiative)

Community Initiatives Conversion of tricycles from 2 strokes to 4 strokes

Increase awareness of PCOs, building administrators, building owners on implications of energy use on climate change and build capacity on conducting entity-level inventory of their GHG emissions

Efficient Traffic Management

Community Awareness Development of audio visual materials to be released and shown in key areas such as cinema house, electronic billboard

Include Climate Change mitigation and GHG Management to regular IEC programs and activities

Development of incentive based programs (competition) for Barangays to actively participate on this initiative