02.11.2015

1

A S S I S T . P R O F . Ö Z G E Ö Z G E N ,

D O K U Z E Y L Ü L U N I V E R S I T Y , F A C U L T Y O F B U S I N E S S

D E P A R T M E N T O F I N T E R N A T I O N A L B U S I N E S S A N D T R A D E

MACRO ECONOMIC PROSPECTS OF AFRICA

Main Sources:

“Africa’s Macroeconomic prospects”, www.AfricanEconomicOutlook.org, AfDB,

OECD, UNDP (2015)

World Bank Statistics (2014)

Africa’s Economic Growth

Africa’s growth was 4.2% in 2012, 3.5% in 2013 and 3.9% in 2014. Africa’s gross domestic product (GDP)

growth is expected to strengthen to 4.5% in 2015 and 5% in 2016

The 2014 growth was about one percentage point lower than expected,

the global economy remained weaker and some African countries saw severe domestic

problems

At 3.9 per cent growth in 2014, East and South Asia are the only region that grew faster than Africa, at 5.9 per cent

Regional Differences in Economic Growth

There are surprising regional differences.

West Africa achieved relatively high growth of 6% in 2014 despite its battle with the Ebola virus.

Nigeria’s growth of 6.3% came mainly from non-oil sectors showing that the economy is diversifying.

But Southern Africa’s growth fell below 3% as the key

South African economy only grew by 1.5%.

Excluding South Africa, sub-Saharan Africa’s economy will grow by 5.2% in 2015 and 6.2% in 2016.

02.11.2015

2

Africa’s Growth By Region

Central Africa

GDP Growth: 4.1% (2013); 5.6% (2014)

Economic conditions show differences between countries The Central African Republicis affected by a political and

security crisis

Central African Republic 1.0 % (2014)

In Equatorial Guinea GDP continues to fall due to lower oil production

Equatorial Guinea -3.1% (2014)

All other countries remain on a relatively high growth path. Democratic Rep. Of Congo 9.0% (2014)

AYTAÇ Ö ZT ÜRK

2 0 1 0 4 3 4 0 4 5

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park It includes to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

02.11.2015

3

Official language of Central African Republic is French

Central African Republic remains between Congo and Chad

basins

Central African Republic’s capital city is Bangui

Population is approximately 4.8 million

The Central African CFA franc ,code is XAF, is the currency of Central African Republic.

GDP $ 1.78 billion

GDP Growth Rate 1.0 %

GDP Per Capita $ 371

Unemployment rate 7.6 %

Inflation Rate 25.58 %

Crops Production

(Cotton, coffee, tobacco, cassava ,manioc, tapioca, yams,

corn, bananas; timber)

%85 of population work

in agriculture sector

Main sectors

-Agriculture dominant country

-Industry is limited with textile and low level manufacturing

-Soft drinks, soap and plastic goods industries such as manufacturing and food

industries are developed.

-Diamond is the major source of revenue for country

Macroeconomic Data, 2014

Douala-Bangui Road

Douala Largest city of Cameroon and, home of Cameroon's largest port and its major international airport

Main Problems of Central African Republic

Food insecurity (28% of population is effected)

Infrastructure

Security

Political instability

BUT!!! 5.4% growth expected in 2015

02.11.2015

4

O ĞUZ H A N Y A ĞıZ

2 01 1 4 3 4 03 3

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

Basic Information about Democratic Republic of Congo

Region: Central Africa

Official Language: French

Capital City: Kinshasa

Currency: Congolese Franc (CDF)

Population: 81.680.000

Macroeconomic Data of Democratic Republic of Congo

GDP: $32.69 Billion

GDP Per Capita: $435

GDP Growth Rate: 9.0%

Inflation: 1.6%

Unemployment Rate: 8.9%

Main Source of GDP: Coltan and Diamond

Distribution of main sectors: Mining (copper, cobalt, gold, diamonds, coltan, zinc, tin, tungsten).

Source: World Bank

02.11.2015

5

SERHAT TEZGEN

201143402 9

ANGOLA

ANGOLA

ANGOLA

Angola has a population of 24,383,301

is a country in Southern Africa

is bordered by Namibia to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Zambia to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to west.

Portuguese is the official language of the country.

Capital and largest city is Luanda

Currency:Kwanza

ANGOLA, 2014

GDP :$ 131.4 billion GDP Per capita :$ 5,423 GDP Growth Rate :3.9 % Inflation :11,66 Unemployment Rate :26 Distribution of GDP by sector: agriculture 10.2%

industry 61.4% services 28.4%

Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 45 per cent of the nation’s gross domestic product and over 95 per cent of exports.

!!!Angola will suffer from significantly lower oil prices Sources:http://www.tradingeconomics.com/angola/indicators http://data.worldbank.org/country/angola

02.11.2015

6

East Africa

GDP Growth: below 5% (2013); over 7% (2014)

East Africa will be the continent’s fastest growing region

in 2014Highest increase in FDI

Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda have relatively higher growth

Their growth is more driven by services and construction

Macroeconomic Prospects of Africa: Ethiopia

ÖMER ŞAKRAK

2011434046

M i n e r a l s t h a t a r e f o u n d i n e t h i o p i a a r e a s f o l l o w s : g o l d ( h i g h e s t v a l u e t o t h e c o u n t r y ) , p l a t i n u m , t a n t a l i t e , i r o n , n i c k e l , z i n c , l e a d , q u a r t z , m a r b l e , g r a n i t e , g r a p h i t e a n d m o r e .

R e s o u r c e : ( h t t p : / / b l o g s . N e l s o n . W i s c . E d u / e s 1 1 2 - 3 0 8 - 1 / m i n i n g / )

M i n i n g a r e a i n E t h i o p i a

Ethiopia

Population:98,942,102 (aproximately 1.35% of the world population) (http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/ethiopia-population/)

Languages: Oromigna (33,8% of the population), Amharic (official language), Somali (6,25% of the population), Sidamo (4,84% of the population), Wolaytta (2,21% of the population), Gurage(2,01% of the population), Afar (1,74% of the population)

English, Arabic and Italian are the widely spoken foreign languages. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Ethiopia)

Capital City: Addis Ababa

Currency: The Ethiopian Birr (1 USD= 20.9615 ETB / 14/10/2015 16:09) http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=ETB

02.11.2015

7

Macroeconomic Data of Ethiopia The International Monetary Fund (IMF) ranks Ethiopia as among the five fastest

growing economies in the world.

GDP (USD billion): 54,8 (December 2014) GDP Annual Growth Rate: 10,3 % (December 2013) GDP Per Capita PPP: 1432 (December 2014) GDP from Agriculture: 252 ETB Billion (Aprox. 12,02 billion USD) GDP from Manufacturing: 89,6 ETB Billion (Aprox. 4,27 billion

USD) GDP from Services: 289 ETB Billion (Aprox. 13.79 billion USD) Inflation Rate: 11.9% (September 2015)

Down from 39.2% in 2011

Unemployment Rate: 17.4% of the population (December 2014) ****According to worldbank official website the unemployment rate

of the country is 5.7% of the total labor force (2013)****

From the Guardian, August 2015

Ethiopia is one of Africa’s fastest-growing economies, with nearly double-digit growth every

year for the last decade, but failed rains have had devastating consequences for food supplies for its 98 million people.

M E H M E T B A T U H A N Ş E R M E T

2 0 1 0 4 3 4 0 4 7

KENYA

Kenya’s wildlife attracts many visitors to the country’s national parks.

The economy slowed in the third quarter of 2014, partly due to a sharp drop in tourism following terrorist attacks in the country.

02.11.2015

8

Kenya

Region: East Africa

Official Language: Swahili, English

Capital City: Nairobi

Currency: Kenyan Shilling (KEN)

Population: 45.56 million (2014)

Macroeconomic Data of Kenya

GDP: 60.9 billion USD (2014)

GDP Per Capita: 1,358 (2014)

GDP Growth Rate: 5.3%

Inflation: 5.97 % (Sep/15)

Unemployment Rate: 40% (2013)

Main Source of GDP: 29.3% in Agriculture, 17.4% in Industry, 53.3% in Service (2013 est.)

Distribution of Main Sector: Agriculture, forestry, fishing, manufacturing, wholesale and retail, financial service, tourism.

North Africa

Libya is highly unstable Its oil production declined again in the first half of 2014.

Despite some recovery in the second half, growth was again negative in 2014 and prospects are highly uncertain.

By contrast, Egypt and Tunisia greater political and economic stability is helping to improve business confidence.

Algeria’s oil production increased for the first time in eight years and is boosting growth together with the non-oil sector.

In Morocco, agricultural production declined in 2014

LIBYA

L E M A N C H O L A K O V 2 0 1 2 4 3 4 0 6 7

02.11.2015

9

OIL PRODUCTION IN LIBYA

Region: Northern Africa

Official Language: Arabic

Capital City: Tripoli

Currency: Libyan Dinar

Population: 6,411,776

Libya

GDP: $41 billion

GDP per capita: $6,569

GDP growth rate: -24%

Inflation: 2.8%

Unemployment Rate: 30%

Main Source of GDP: agriculture: 2%

industry: 45.8%

services: 52.2%

Agriculture products: wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus, vegetables, peanuts, soybeans; cattle

Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, aluminum, iron and steel, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement

Libya

02.11.2015

10

Southern Africa

Growth slowed to below 3% in 2014

Relatively poor growth in South Africa. The key economy’s growth fell to 1.5% in 2014

It suffered from

weakened demand in trading partners

lower prices for its raw materials,

labor unrest and electricity shortages

South Africa

M E R V E E S E N

2 0 1 1 4 3 4 0 1 4

South Africa and Mandela

This picture belong to Nelson Mandela who served as a president of South Africa from 1994

to 1999. I choosed this photo because Mandela has a role that can not be underestimated about

the South Africa. He was the country's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a

representative democratic election. He stand against anti-aportheid groups and fight for

discrimination, poorty and inequality. As a result of his effort ; he won Nobel Peace Prize in

1993, his name remove from USA terror list in 2008 and he always called as ‘ Father of the

Africa’. Unfortunately he has passed away in 5th of December, 2013.

South Africa . . .

South Africa has three capital city as ; Pretoria as Executive Capital

Bloemfontein as Judicial Capital

Cape Town as Legislative Capital

South Africa has eleven offical languages, Despite the fact that English is recognised as the language of commerce and science, South African generally use their local language.

Population of South Africa ; 53,139,528 (2014)

South Africa’s national currency is South African Rand (zad)

02.11.2015

11

Macroeconomic Data of South Africa

GDP ( current US$ ) ; $ 349.8 Billion (2014) GDP Per Capita ; $ 6.477.9 (2014) GDP Growth Rate (Annual % ) ; 1.5% (2014) ; 2% (2015) ; 2.5% (2016 P.) GDP by Sector ; Agriculture ; % 2.5 Service ; % 65.9 Industry; % 31.6 Inflation ; 4.51 % ( August 2015)

; 5.9 % (2016 P.) Unemployment Rate ;24.9 % ( 2014, total)

Resource; World Bank Data‘s African Development Bank, South Africa Report 2015

West Africa

GDP Growth 6% in 2014

!!! Ebola Crisis

Liberia and Sierra Leone are most affected countries

Growth of Liberia 6.8%1.8%

Growth of Sierra Leone 13.8%6.8%

Nigeria, Benin, Niger, Cote d’Ivoire, Togo have relatively

higher growth

Slow growth in Gambia

Economic Impact of EBOLA

Human hardship and high economic costs of recovery

25,000 reported cases & 10,000 reported deaths (by

March, 2015, WHO)

Economic Impact of EBOLA

Cut production in most sectors

Hotel and restaurant services have been heavily affected

Airlenes cancelling services

Ships have been re-routed and increasing shipping costs

Increase in insuarance costs

Employment and incomes have decreased

Long term impact: Lowering investments in private and public sectors

02.11.2015

12

Nigeria Nigeria

Location: Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon

Official language: English

Capital city: Abuja

Population: 181,562,056

Currency: Nigerian Naira

Nigeria

GDP: $568 billion (2014)

GDP per capita: $3,203 (2014)

GDP growth rate: 6.3% (2014 est.)

Unemployment rate: 23.9%

Inflation rate: 8.1%

Main source of GDP: petroleum and petroleum products

Top crops: cocoa, rubber peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice

Distribution of main sectors: agriculture: 20.6%

industry: 25.6%

services: 53.8%

AFRICA’S BIGGEST ECONOMIES (2014)

GDPs (Billion Dolar)

22. NIGERIA 568

33. SOUTH AFRICA 349

39. EGYPT 286

48. ALGERIA 214

60. ANGOLA 131

02.11.2015

13

Macroeconomic Prospects of Africa

S A F A K A L A Y C I

2 01 2 4 3 4 02 2

I used this photo to represent Egypt because it is famous with its pyramids in all over the world.

EGYPT

Total Area: 1,002,450 sq. km

Region: North Africa

Capital city: Cairo

Currency: Egyptian pound (EGP)

Official Language: Arabic

Total population: 87.1 million(2014)

Macroeconomic Datas of Egypt

GDP: 286 billion (U.S. Dollars) GDP per capita: 3,723.7 dollars GDP growth rate: 2.2% Unemployment rate: 13.9% of total labor force Inflation: 13.5% Distribution of main sectors; Agriculture: 14.6% (cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans,

fruits, vegetables, sheep, goats) MAIN COTTON PRODUCER

Industry:38.9% (textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement)

Services: 46.5%

02.11.2015

14

SMART VILLAGES of EGYPT

BUT!!! Africa’s Economy is effected by

fragile international environment

country specific problems

Two years after the Arab revolutions, political and social tensions continue in Egypt, Libya and Tunisia

unemployment which remains high in the region and political transition which is slow and contentious

political and military conflict in Mali.

In South Africa, growth was dampened by the global slowdown and labor unrest

Agriculture

Agriculture remains Africa’s main source of employment with around 60% of its labor

force employed in the sector

share in GDP is much smaller, accounting for an average of 25%, indicating its relatively low level of productivity and earnings

In Burkina Faso, Burundi, Ethiopia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Niger and Rwanda, between 80% and 90% of the total

workforce are engaged in agriculture.

02.11.2015

15

Agriculture

Cotton, Coffee, cocoa

Tourism

Tourism, another important source of employment, continued to increase in several countries, but was

held back in others.

Cape Verde, Seychelles, Gambia, Kenya and Uganda recorded increasing tourist arrivals

Seychelles

Mert Deniz Günaydın 2012434019

The photo is chosen since it displays the condition of Seychelles in a figurative sense - i.e. charming, welcoming, paradise-like; yet unadulterated a great deal.

02.11.2015

16

Basic Information

Languages: Seychellois Creole (Official) 89.1%, English (Official) 5.7%, French (Official) %0.7, Other 3.8%, Unspecified 1.4%

Region: Archipelago in Indian Ocean, Northeast of Madagascar. (Coordinants:4 35 S, 55 40 E)

Ethnic Groups: Seychellois Creole, French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab

Religions: Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 10.6%, other Christian 2.4%, Hindu 2.4%, Muslim 1.6%, other non-Christian 1.1%, unspecified 4.8%, none 0.9%

Population: 92,430 (June 2015 est.)

Capital City: Victoria (pop. 26,000)

Currency: Seychellois Rupee (SCR)

Macroeconomic Data

GDP (Official Exchange Rate): $1.42 Billion

GDP (PPP): $2.40 Billion (2014)

GDP Growth Rate: 2.9% (2014), 6.6% (2013), 6% (2012)

GDP per capita (PPP): $25,600 (in 2014 USD)

Inflation Rate: 4% (2014), 3% (2013)

Unemployment Rate: 3%

Sources of Aggregate Income: Agriculture 3%, Industry 14%, Services 83.1%

Major Contribution to GDP: Tourism

Agriculture Products: Coconut, Cinnamon, Vanilla, Sweet Potatoes, Cassava, Copra, Bananas.

Industrial Production: Fishing, Beverages

Oil and Mining Sector

Oil and mining sectors have remained the main engines of growth in resource-rich countries Angola,

Gabon and particularly in Libya

Nigeria, Africa’s largest oil producer

gas discoveries found along the coast of Tanzania

and Mozambique, there is large potential for future foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. East Africa is shifting from a natural resource-poor region to a resource-rich region.

02.11.2015

17

Manufacturing Sector

The manufacturing sector in Africa is relatively small with an average contribution of only about 10% to

GDP.