8
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Number of Words: 488 LESSON 21 TEACHER’S GUIDE El mundo de las hormigas by Chana Stiefel Fountas-Pinnell Level M Nonfiction Selection Summary Ants live almost everywhere. They live and work together underground in colonies. Every colony has three kinds of ants: the queen, the drones, and the workers. Every ant does a job to help the whole colony. Ants have many enemies, but some ants can fight back. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32375-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Nonfiction Text Structure • Five sections with titles, each one to two pages; one page of introduction • Information is presented by description and contrast. Content • Specific jobs that each type of ant does • Life cycle of ants • Life within the ant colony Themes and Ideas • Ant colonies are divided into specialized groups. • Each group does work that makes other groups dependent on it. • Some animals, like ants, live and work together in communities. Language and Literary Features • Conversational language • Comparison made between ants and people Sentence Complexity • Many compound sentences • Several complex sentences, some with an introductory clause Vocabulary • Terms specific to ant life: antenas, colonias, hormiguero, túneles, cámaras, larvas, crisálida, áfido, ligamaza, oso hormiguero Words Soft and strong /g/ sound: agujero, protegen, grupos • Some words with three or more syllables • Multi-syllable words that are challenging to take apart or decode: subterráneas, violentamente, cristalino Illustrations • Photographs closely linked to text on many pages • Two labeled diagrams Book and Print Features • Eight pages of text; five section headings • Information in captions and diagram labels © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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Page 1: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

ISBN-13: 978-0-547-04154-4ISBN-10: 0-547-04154-3

1034409

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

Nivel: M

EDL: 28

Ciencias

Estrategia:Revisar/Aclarar

Número de palabras: 690

3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

Libritos niveladosen línea

3_041544_VR5_1CV_ants.indd 1 15/04/2008 11:42:56Number of Words: 488

L E S S O N 2 1 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

El mundo de las hormigasby Chana Stiefel

Fountas-Pinnell Level MNonfictionSelection SummaryAnts live almost everywhere. They live and work together underground in colonies. Every colony has three kinds of ants: the queen, the drones, and the workers. Every ant does a job to help the whole colony. Ants have many enemies, but some ants can fi ght back.

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32375-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09

If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.

Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

Characteristics of the Text Genre • Nonfi ction

Text Structure • Five sections with titles, each one to two pages; one page of introduction• Information is presented by description and contrast.

Content • Specifi c jobs that each type of ant does• Life cycle of ants• Life within the ant colony

Themes and Ideas • Ant colonies are divided into specialized groups.• Each group does work that makes other groups dependent on it.• Some animals, like ants, live and work together in communities.

Language and Literary Features

• Conversational language • Comparison made between ants and people

Sentence Complexity • Many compound sentences • Several complex sentences, some with an introductory clause

Vocabulary • Terms specifi c to ant life: antenas, colonias, hormiguero, túneles, cámaras, larvas, crisálida, áfi do, ligamaza, oso hormiguero

Words • Soft and strong /g/ sound: agujero, protegen, grupos• Some words with three or more syllables• Multi-syllable words that are challenging to take apart or decode: subterráneas,

violentamente, cristalinoIllustrations • Photographs closely linked to text on many pages

• Two labeled diagramsBook and Print Features • Eight pages of text; fi ve section headings

• Information in captions and diagram labels© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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Page 2: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

Target Vocabulary

angosto – no muy ancho, p. 6cristalino – parecido al cristal, p. 8empapado – lleno de agua, p. 6explorador – alguien que sale

a observar para buscar información, p. 2

extraño – raro, p. 3ignorar – no saber algo, p. 9líquido – ni sólido ni gaseoso,

p. 8rodeado – que tiene algo todo

alrededor, p. 8

subterráneo – debajo de la tierra, p. 6

violentamente – con mucha fuerza, p. 9

El mundo de las hormigas by Chana Stiefel

Build BackgroundHelp students use their knowledge of ants. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: ¿Qué saben acerca de las hormigas? Read the title and author’s name and talk about the cover photograph. Tell students that this book is informational text, so the words and photos will give factual information about the topic.

Introduce the TextGuide students through the text, noting important ideas and nonfi ction features. Help with unfamiliar language so they can read the text successfully. Give special attention to target vocabulary. Here are some suggestions:

Page 2: Explain that this is a book of information about ants. Suggested language: Vayan a la página 2. Señalen la palabra subrayada exploradores. ¿Cómo exploran las hormigas el sitio de un picnic? ¿Qué cosas buscan? Miren la foto de esta leyenda. ¿Qué les cuenta la leyenda acerca de las hormigas? ¿Alguna vez vieron una hormiga a esta distancia?

Page 4: Have students look at the section head: “Familia de hormigas.” ¿Qué esperan aprender con esta sección?

Page 5: Have students study the pictures and the title at the top. Help students with the terms larvas and crisálidas. ¿Cómo son las crisálidas? ¿Cómo las describirían?

Pages 6–7: Have students look at the section head and the illustration of an ant colony. Have them read the caption. ¿Qué les cuenta esta leyenda? ¿Qué están haciendo las hormigas en la colonia subterránea? Señalen algunos túneles que sean angostos, no anchos. ¿Sabían que las hormigas cavan sus colonias en tierra empapada? ¿Por qué creen que puede ser bueno hacer las colonias con tierra empapada?

Page 8: Have students look at the section head, photo, and caption on this page. Help them with the word áfi dos. Explain that líquido means fl owing easily. ¿Cómo piensas que será el azúcar líquido?

Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo del libro y lean para aprender todo acerca de las hormigas.

2Grade 3© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigas

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Page 3: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

ReadHave students read El mundo de las hormigas silently while you listen to individual students read. Support their problem solving and fl uency as needed.

Remind students to use the Monitor/Clarify Strategy and to fi nd a way to clear up what doesn’t make sense as they read.

Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite students to share their personal responses to the book.Suggested language: ¿Qué aprendieron sobre las hormigas que antes no sabían?

Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help students understand these points:

Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

• Ants live together in underground nests called colonies.

• Three different kinds of ants—the queen, drones, and workers—each have their own kind of work to do.

• Ants like sweet food.

• Ants have many enemies, but some ants can fi ght back.

• Some animals live and work together in a community.

• Ants are born knowing the job they have to do. They can’t change their job or their group.

• The survival of an ant colony depends on the interdependency of all the groups.

• The photos and art show different kinds of ants at work.

• A diagram shows the life cycle of ants.

• The author includes lots of details about the lives of ants.

• The section titles give the reader an idea of information in that section.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite students to choose a page from the text and show fl uent reading.

Remind them to pay attention to punctuation.

• Comprehension Based on your observations of the students’ reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas.

• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Have students take apart words with strong /g/ sound, like energía, and words with soft /g/ sound, like hormiga. Have children think of other words that contain either one of these two sounds (agujero, protegen, grupos).

3 Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigasGrade 3© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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Page 4: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

Writing about ReadingVocabulary PracticeHave students complete the Vocabulario questions on Hoja reproducible 21.1.

RespondingHave students complete the vocabulary activities on page 11. Remind them to answer the Word Teaser on p. 12. (Answer: cristalino)

Reading Nonfi ctionNonfiction Features: Section Headings and Captions Remind students that nonfi ction has many features to help readers fi nd and understand important information. Section headings and captions are two of these features.

Explain that captions can be short phrases or longer sentences, as in this book. Captions tell what a photo or a diagram is about. Reading the captions in a nonfi ction book is a good way to preview the book before reading the main text. Have students read the caption for the photo on page 9. Ask them what they can learn from this caption.

Explain that section headings divide the information in a book into smaller parts. Have students look at the section headings on pages 8 and 9. Ask what they think they will learn about ants in each section.

Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the TextHave students write a response to the prompt on page 6.

Assessment Prompts• On page 9, fi nd the word that means almost the same as violentamente.

• Find the sentence on page 4 that helps the reader understand the meaning of the word colonia.

• Which words on page 6 help the reader know the meaning of empapada?

4 Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigasGrade 3© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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Page 5: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

Lea las instrucciones a los estudiantes.

Vocabulario claveEscribe una palabra de Vocabulario clave para completar cada oración.

1. Una moneda entra a través del espacio

angosto de una ranura.

2. Un explorador siempre estará buscando

comida.

3. Las islas están rodeadas por agua.

4. Puedes beber el líquido con

un popote.

5. Un tornado sopla violentamente sobre

el pueblo.

6. Las esponjas quedaron empapadas

de agua.

7. Los sótanos están en un lugar subterráneo .

8. Un problema extraño es difícil

de resolver.

9. Los lagos pueden estar cubiertos por una capa

cristalina de hielo.

10. Las personas no llevaron paraguas porque

ignoraban que iba a llover.

exploradorangosto

rodeadassubterráneo

extrañocristalina

violentamentelíquido

empapadasignoraban

Vocabulario

Nombre Fecha

Grado 3, Unidad 5: Viajes extraordinarios

El mundo de las hormigas

Vocabulario clave

Vocabulario clave© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Lección 21H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 2 1 . 1

3_257648RTXSAN_U5L21-25_TV.indd 1 6/27/09 6:53:30 PM

11

Responder VOCABULARIO CLAVE Formar palabras

Haz una red de palabras con la palabra explorador. ¿Qué otras cosas hacen los exploradores? Copia esta red y añade más palabras.

explorador

examinar

De texto a texto Las colonias de hormigas tienen exploradores que buscan comida. Escribe sobre otra colonia de animales y di qué animales viven en la colonia, sus diferentes labores y cómo trabajan juntos. Usa en tu escrito las palabras.

¡A escribir!

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5 Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigasGrade 3© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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Page 6: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

Nombre Fecha

El mundo de las hormigasPensar más allá del texto

Piensa en la siguiente pregunta. Luego, escribe tu respuesta en uno o dos párrafos.

La introducción del libro dice que las hormigas son como las personas, porque se cuidan entre ellas. Compara cómo se cuidan entre ellas las personas de una comunidad y las hormigas de una colonia.

6 Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigasGrade 3© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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Page 7: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

Vocabulario claveEscribe una palabra de Vocabulario clave para completar cada oración.

1. Una moneda entra a través del espacio

de una ranura.

2. Un siempre estará buscando

comida.

3. Las islas están por agua.

4. Puedes beber el con

un popote.

5. Un tornado sopla sobre

el pueblo.

6. Las esponjas quedaron

de agua.

7. Los sótanos están en un lugar .

8. Un problema es difícil

de resolver.

9. Los lagos pueden estar cubiertos por una capa

de hielo.

10. Las personas no llevaron paraguas porque

que iba a llover.

exploradorangosto

rodeadassubterráneo

extrañocristalina

violentamentelíquido

empapadasignoraban

Vocabulario

Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigas7© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Grade 3

Nombre Fecha

El mundo de las hormigas

Vocabulario clave

Lección 21H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 2 1 . 1

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Page 8: M 21 El mundo de las hormigas 3.5.1 Construir vocabulario

1416

277

Estudiante Fecha Lección 21

H o j a r e p r o d u c i b l e

El mundo de las hormigas

Registro de lecturaEl mundo de las hormigas nivel m

Behavior Code Error

Substitution lodo lobo 1

Self-corrects lodo sc lobo 0

Insertion el

ˆlobo 1

Word told T lobo 1

Behavior Code Error

Read word correctly ✓ lobo 0

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

® lobo

0

Omission lobo 1

page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

2

3

¿Alguna vez has visto hormigas en una excursión? Andan

por todos los lados. Mandan exploradores en busca de

comida. Y luego se la llevan a su nido.

Las hormigas son insectos diminutos pero asombrosos.

De hecho, se parecen mucho a nosotros. Viven y trabajan en

grupos. Recolectan y almacenan comida, y también se cuidan

entre ellas. Para averiguar más sobre estos animalitos tan

ocupados, ¡sigue leyendo!

Las hormigas han vivido en la Tierra por ¡más de cien

millones de años! Hoy en día, hay más de 12,000 clases de

hormigas en todo el mundo. Lo extraño es que no vivan en la

Antártica.

Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/103 ×

100)

%

Self-Correction Rate

(# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections)

1:

Lesson 21: El mundo de las hormigas8© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Grade 3

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