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Low-Income Children andEarly Childhood Education
National Perspectives on Texas
J. Lee Kreader, Ph.D.Deputy Director
National Center for Children in Poverty
LBJ School of Public AffairsUniversity of Texas at Austin
October 29, 2012
www.nccp.org
National Center for Children in Poverty
NCCP is a leading public policy center dedicated to the economic security, health, and well-being of America’s low-income children and families.
Part of Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, NCCP promotes family-oriented solutions at the state and national levels.
Our Vision:
Families that are economically secure
Strong, nurturing families
Healthy child development
www.nccp.org
Presentation Overview and Resources
Early Childhood Population
NCCP’s State Demographic Profiles
NCCP’s Young Child Risk Calculator
Early Childhood Education—Access and Quality
NCCP’s State Policy Profiles: Improving the Odds for Young Children
www.nccp.org
www.nccp.org
Resources continued
Research from other organizations, including
• Child Trends
• University of Minnesota, Liz Davis
• National Institute for Early Education Research, Rutgers
• National Women’s Law Center
Much is accessible through NCCP’s
Child Care & Early Education Research Connections
www.researchconnections .org
www.nccp.org
The Early Childhood Population
Poverty and Low Income
www.nccp.org
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Young Children in Texas, by Income Level, 2010
www.nccp.org
The Early Childhood Population
Selected Dimensions of Poverty
www.nccp.org
Young Children in Poor Families Texas, by Race/Ethnicity, 2010
www.nccp.org
Young Children in Poor Families in Texas, by Parents’ Nativity, 2010
www.nccp.org
Young Children in Low-income Families in Texas, by Residence, 2010
www.nccp.org
The Early Childhood Population’s Risks
Living in poverty
Living in linguistically isolated household
Living with four or more children
Parent has less than a high school education
Children have changed residences in last 12 months
Living with a single parent
Having a teen mother
Parent has no paid employment
www.nccp.org
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Access to Early Childhood Education
www.nccp.org
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Texas Public School Prekindergarten
NIEER State Preschool Yearbook, 2011 Access-
• 8th nationally for 4-year-olds—52%
• 12th for 3-year-olds—6%
Resources-
• 22nd for State Spending--$3,761 per child enrolled
• 27th for All Reported Spending
Quality Benchmarks-
• 4 of 10 met—Comprehensive Early Learning Standards, Teacher BA & Specialized Training, Teacher In-Service
www.nccp.org
Quality of Early Childhood Education
www.nccp.org
Quality of Care Used by 24-Month-Olds by Family Poverty Status
Source. Analyses of the ECLS-B data conducted by Child Trends. Analyses conducted on the full subsample of children for whom there is quality observation data
www.nccp.org
www.nccp.org
Promoting the use of regulated care:Texas’ “Don’t be in the dark” campaign
Your year-long television and radio campaign in 2010 to educate parents/caregivers about the importance of choosing regulated care.
From your website: www.DontBeInTheDark.org
“Unregulated child care may seem convenient and affordable but it leaves you and your child in the dark.”
“Unregulated care means no inspections, no training, no one enforcing basic health and safety standards, and no compliance record to check.”
Links to state website for searching for licensed child care providers, including 2 years of compliance history at:
TxChildCareSearch.org
www.nccp.org
Promoting use of high quality programs: QRIS
Quality Rating and Improvement System:
Components1.Quality standards
2.Process to assign ratings
3.Supports for program quality improvement
4.Financial incentives for programs and parents
5.Outreach and marketing
www.nccp.org
The number of QRIS in states and local areas has increased dramatically in recent years.
Tout et al., 2010
www.nccp.org
Density of eligible program participation in QRIS
Percent range of all programs participating
in the QRISNumber of QRIS*
60% or greater 6: New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee
30 to 59% 4: California (LA County), District of Columbia, Florida Miami Dadea Louisiana
10 to 29% 9: Colorado, Florida (Palm Beach)b, Iowa, Kentucky, Minnesota, Mississippi, Ohio, Vermont, Virginia
Less than 10% 3: Delaware, Maryland, New Hampshire
Tout et al., 2010
www.nccp.org
Moving Forward . . . . .
Congratulations to Texas on its rich Needs Assessment—sure to help the state better understand and respond to the needs of its early childhood population enhance its range of services
And to the Early Learning Council on promising initiatives—several of which anticipate recommendations from the Needs Assessment . . . and from NCCP’s tools.
Thank you for the opportunity to share some perspectives and resources and to learn from you.
