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John van WoenselDirector of Airport PlanningCH2M [email protected] R. ClarkSr. Aviation PlannerBuffalo Niagara International Airport
Project Formulation/Definition—Why, When, and How?
LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA
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EXTRA –EXTRA read all about it
“Airport tries twice to build Air Cargo Hanger, both murdered by poor
project formulation”
Air Cargo DevelopmentMurder Scene #1
Air Cargo DevelopmentMurder Scene #2
Air Traffic Control Tower
Option 1Option 2 Tower line of site
- Line of Site- Obstructs GA aircraft movement- Require closure of 10R/28L- Land-locks Army hanger- Truck access/egress roadway
- Expansion could require GA relocation- Relocation of Taxiway C necessary for access to 6/24- North/South Taxiway C requires 75’ width to use- Group V aircraft needs 160’ of separation to Taxiway C centerline- Group VI aircraft needs 193’ of separation to Taxiway C centerline- OFA and RSA encroachment to (N/S)Taxiway C
Tax. “C” OFA68’ from edge
Tax. “C” RSA34’ from edge
Option 1 issues
- Creek relocation - Impossible- Creek bridging – too expensive- Major Army Corps. permit issues
Option 2 issues
Agenda
In this session, we will:• Define project formulation/definition• Explain why it is a needed step in the project implementation
process• Assess when it should occur and how it can be packaged• Discuss what is typically contained in a project formulation• Recognize the challenges to overcome• Summarize key message
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Project formulation is called out as a separate step in ACC/FAA Best Practices, 2008
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Project Formulation in the Project Implementation
Lifecycle
Airport MasterPlan
NEPA
Engineering Design
Financial Justification
Construction
Ready.. Set… Go!
Project Formulation
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What is Project Formulation, a Basic Definition
Defining Project formulation:• An early project implementation phase that describes specific
projects to be implemented in sufficient detail for subsequent implementation phases
• Takes place before engineering design and NEPA, but can be packaged different ways
• Must include explanation of why the project is needed and why it was selected over other options
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Why is Project Formulation Needed?
Reasons Project Formulation is needed:• Needed to avoid surprises or delays due to dated project drivers,
insufficient detail, or incomplete information for the next step in the implementation process
• MPU serves to reserve space/airspace by making decisions about what may be needed, where and when, and what should move forward in the near term; typical MPU is not part of project implementation
• MPU plans many projects that might be needed over a 20-year horizon, typical MPU does not look at every project in detail
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Why is Project Formulation Needed?-cntd
More reasons:• The MPU preserves flexibility by assuming projects will undergo
change prior to implementation, considers general cost for comparison purposes; typical MPU does not include preliminary engineering detail or detailed cost estimates (AACE Class 3)
• The MPU does identify known environmental resources; typical MPU does not consider all resource categories
Common misconception: having a recent MPU or ALP means the that airport is ready to start NEPA or
Design
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What is Project Formulation, an Expanded Definition
Typical contents of project formulation effort:• Most important: describe the justification of the project (include what
happens if the project does not happen)– Example: taxiway exit location ( engineers: “Let’s move it 200
feet to avoid the underground utilities”)• Describe Project in Sufficient Detail for subsequent phase-- exhibits,
preliminary engineering-level of detail, including cost estimate• List dependencies: enabling or subsequent projects• Update dated information, such as the forecast, or tenant needs• For NEPA: include disturbed area, major drainage changes,
required actions by others• For engineering design: include site context (operational, security,
environmental restrictions), what can and cannot change, applicable regulations and codes
Next To Last Slide 11
Project Formulation Challenges
The need for this session-- Project Formulation:• Is the industry’s best kept secret• Falls between several disciplines (silos)• Planners assume it will occur later• Environmental planners and Engineers assume it exists and will be
provided to them• Sponsors do not generally see it as a separate step, assume it will
be included in planning, environmental planning or engineering• Sponsors may suffer from “planning fatigue” causing focus shift to
implementation/action rather than “MORE planning?@#!!”
Skipping Project Formulation as a sponsor-controlled deliberate step, is a common reason for delays in
NEPA
Last Slide 12
Take away from today’s Discussion
Key points:• Recognize formulation as a needed step SOMEWHERE in the
implementation process• Include formulation step in CIP, schedule, scope, next steps• Consider bolstering MPU scope to minimize need for formulation
– Environmental inventory– Requirements/capacity analysis that supports P&N– Alternatives analysis that can withstand scrutiny– ALP chapter that describes individual projects
Consultants: can it be added to your MPU scope? FAA/Sponsor: is a formulation step included
SOMEWHERE in the overall implementation strategy?