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Contents
Chapter - I
Introduction
Chapter - II
Research Methodology
Chapter - III
Company Profile
Chapter - IV
Data Analysis & Interpretation
Chapter - V
Conclusion, Suggestions & Bibliography
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Chapter I
Introduction
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I!R"D#C!I" !" BA$I%
A ban is an institution, 'hich deals 'ith money and credit( It accepts deposits
from the public, maes the funds a)ailable to those 'ho need them and help in
the remittance of money from one place to another( In fact, Modern Ban
performs such a )ariety of functions that it is difficult to gi)e precise and general
definition of it( It is because of this reason that different economics gi)e different
definitions of the Ban(
According to Cro'ther, * A ban collects money from those 'ho ha)e it to spare
or 'ho are sa)ing it out their incomes, and it lends this money to those 'ho
re+uire it(
In the 'ords of inley, * A ban is an establishment 'hich maes to indi)iduals
such ad)ances of money as may be re+uired and safely made and to 'hich
indi)iduals entrust money 'hen not re+uired by them use(
According to -ohn Paget, obody can be a baner 'ho does not(
i. !ae deposit accounts(
ii. !ae current accounts(
iii. Issue and pay che+ues/crossed and uncrossed for its customers
Prof( Sayers define the term ban baning distinctly( 0e defines bans as
*institution 'hose debts 1Ban deposits. are 'idely accepted in
of other people debts to each other( Again, according to sayers, baning
business consists of changing cash for ban deposits and for cash( transferring
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the ban deposits from one person or corporation to another, gi)ing ban
deposits in e2change, go)ernment bonds, the secured promises of business to
repay and so forth(
According to Indian Companies Act 3454, baning means * Accepting for the
purpose of lending or in)estment of deposits, of money from the public,
repayable on demand or other'ise, and 'ith/dra'able by che+ue, draft or
other'ise(
In short, the term ban, in the modern times, refers to an institution ha)ing the
follo'ing features(
i. It deal 'ith money, accepts deposits and ad)ances loans(
ii. It also deals 'ith credit, has the ability to create credit, i(e( the ability to
e2pand its liabilities as a multiple of its reser)es(
iii. It is commercial institution6 it aims at earning profits(
i). It is uni+ue financial institution that creates demand deposits, 'hich ser)e
as medium of e2change and as a result, the bans manage the payment
system of the country(
78"9#!I" ": BA$I% I IDIA
Roots of Baning Systems in ancient India can be traced ;
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country continued 'ith much or less difference from early )edic period till
Modern baning through Moghals and British period (
!he unification of currency under the 7ast India Company and the substitution of
single so)ereign po'er in place of petty principles too a'ay the business from
the hands of indigenous baners and shroffs( =estern type of baning started
34thcentury( :irst -oint stoc Ban * Ban of 0industan * came into being in 3>>( !he ban shall reser)e the right to call up the loan at any time in the
happening of may e)ent 'hich in the opinion of the ban is liely to
-eopardie the bans interest(
3@( All cash and ban operations to be reflected in the account(
34( Any change in the constitution of the unit shall ha)e the prior 'ritten
appro)al of the ban(
;
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;3( A credit facilities sanctioned 'ill be released only after obtaining
fa)ourable legal opinions from our panel ad)ocates and that the
documents shall be strictly submitted as per the legal ad)isorJs opinion(
;;( #pto date non/encumbrance certificate shall be submitted(
;( An irre)ocable authorisation letter is to be submitted authorising the ban
to pay the municipal ta2, electricity charges etc, and any other dues to the
go)ernment and +uassi go)ernment departments pertaining to the said
property as and 'hen demand notices are recei)ed by raising the debit to
term loan account( :urther the applicant shall regularise the account
'ithin one 'ee from the date of notice from the ban(
;5( All the securities i(e(, primary and collateral shall be comprehensi)ely
insured 'ith baners clause and a copy of the same shall be for'arded to
the applicant under registered post acno'ledgement due 'ith an ad)ise
to )erify and ensure that all the assets offered as primary and collateral
security ha)e been insured for full )alue and there is no under or o)er or
dual insurance and anything of these nature shall be brought to the bans
notice 'ithin 3 days from the date of the letter and no claim of any sort
'ill be entertained thereafter(
;( An irre)ocable authorisation letter shall be submitter by the applicant
authorising the ban to raise a debit in "CCJ"DJCurrent account as and
'hen interest and intalments are due for transfer to term loan account and
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if the account gets o)erdra'n due to such debit the same 'ill be
regularised 'ithin > date from the date of debit(
;( Interest component charges during the gestationJmoratorium period shall
be reco)ered on +uarterly basis i(e(, as 'hen debited to the account(
;>( Credit facilities shall be released by 'ay of direct payment to the dealer
i(e(, supplier of particular asset after collecting margin money( It shall be
ensured that earnest money if any paid to'ards the supply of particular
asset, stamp receipts shall be obtained( :urther 'here the ensured that
the che+ues ha)e been honoured and a certificate from the dra'ee ban
shall be obtained(
;@( Periodical inspection shall be conducted(
;4( Bans board shall be displayed at all such places 'here the assets
financed by the ban are installedJplaces(
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;( An irre)ocable undertaing letter shall be obtained from all the unsecured
lenders that they 'ill not demand the remain of unsecured loans till the
redemption of the bans credit facilities i(e(, e2isting proposed sub-ect and
all future sanctions(
( !he ban is at liberty to amendJaddJdelete any of the aforesaid term loan(
5( Processing charges 'ill be collected as per the norms in )ogue(
( !he branch shall release any part of the term loan only on submission of
rele)ant +uotations for purchase of the proposed plant & machinery and
estimates for the ci)il 'ors as mentioned in the office note( !he loan
amount shall be restricted to >K and
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MJs E
3( Amount of loan sanctioned E Rs( 9ahs
;( Interest E 3@K p(a( sub-ect to changes from time to time as per
Boards decision(
( Security E a. Pledge of stocs
b. !he securities offered to 'oring capital limits shall also
be e2tended(
5( Storage and Possession E Stocs under pledge and ept in godo'ns
should be 'ell built( Stocs should be stored properly so as to render
easy )erification and identifications is possible(
( Margin E K
( Basis of )aluation E Cost price of maret price or In)oice price 'hiche)er is
lo'er(
>( Inspection E Care should be taen to ensure that there is periodical
turno)er in the stocs(
@( Insurance E Stocs to be comprehensi)ely insured for their full )alue
under -oint names(
4( Period of sanction E "ne year from the date of present sanction(
3
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b. !rust period should be e2ceed ;< days from the date of
disbursement( Incase of non payment on due date, goods shall be
pledged under loc and ey of the Ban in the borro'ers godo'n(
c. Deli)ery of goods pledged shall be taen 'ithin months of
pledgement(
33( All other terms and conditions mentioned in open cash credit shall be
applicable(
!7RMS AD C"DI!I"S
B""$ D7B!S 9IMI!SE
MJs(
Rs( 1Rupees.
=ith an interchangeability of Rs( lahs from "CC 1Stocs. to Boo
Debts and )ice/)ersa(
3( Statement of boo debts shall be submitted e)ery month(
;( All the boo debtsJrecei)able are to be assigned bans fa)our(
( Margin K to be maintained on boo debts outstanding e)ery month
and dra'ing po'er to be fi2ed at the abo)e rate as and 'hen the party
submits copy of duly acno'ledged deli)ery challan and bill(
5( A separate register should be maintained to ensure that the payments are
directly recei)ed in the account and also to properly monitor the account(
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+BA &*ITA
BAC10S
3 ; 5 SBI A2 ITS ASS*CIAT0S 33"# 4556 ##78 "959 "4734State Ban of Bianer and Gaipur 33 ;; 33 33 >4
State Ban of 0yderabad #5# #96 "67 "4" 683State Ban of India 53State Ban of Saurashtra 34 3 4 @ 5 33 ; ;54 3@4Andhra Ban @> ;@@ ;; 3;4 3; 5 ;;>Ban of Maharashtra 5> ;34 ;; 54 3> 54< ;53@Central Ban of India 344 >5; 5; 3; 3>5 3>@ 3Dena Ban 5< ;3 34; ; 35 ;>> 343 4>@Pun-ab and Sind Ban ;45 354
Pun-ab ational Ban 34;@ >#C" Ban >4 ;> ;5 ;>4 3>;#nion Ban of India @35 5< 5;; 53 ;#nited Ban of India 54 ; ;35 3>; @> 33 ; 4 ; 34Aurangabad Galna %ramin Ban < ; ; 5A)adh %ramin Ban 4 3 3 335
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Raigarh $shetriya %ramin Ban > 5Ranchi $shetriya %ramin Ban 4 > 5 @3 >Si'an $shetriya %ramin Ban 5 4Solapur %ramin Ban ;@ 3 South Malabar %ramin Ban 3; 4 34>Sra)asthi %ramin Ban @ 5 3 @@Sree Anantha %rameena Ban < 3< 5 >5Sri Saras'ati %rameena Ban 4 >;Sri 8isaha %rameena Ban 3; 3 > 35Sriganganagar $shetriya %ramin Ban @ 3 55Srirama %rameena Ban ;5 ; 3 ;>Subansiri %aonlia Ban 5< 5 3 5Sultanpur $shetriya %ramin Ban 43 ; 4Surat Bharuch %ramin Ban 3 3 >Surendranagar Bha)nagar %ramin Ban; > ; 53Surgu-a $shetriya %ramin Ban >4 5 @!hane %ramin Ban ; 3 3 ;!har Aanchali %ramin Ban 3 4!ripura %ramin Ban >3 33 5 @
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!ulsi %ramin Ban >> > @5!ungabhadra %ramin Ban 3; < @ 33#ttar Banga $shetriya %ramin Ban >@ 3 ; 3338aishali $shetriya %ramin Ban 35@ 3 3 3@ 3 ;
8alsad/Dangs %ramin Ban 5 3 538arada %rameena Ban 34 4 ;@8idisha/Bhopal $shetriya %ramin Ban 3 > ;8idur %ramin Ban ; > 48indhya)asini %ramin Ban @ ; ; 5;8is)esh)araya %rameena Ban ;; ; ; ;a)atmal %ramin Ban 3; 33 3 ;5
*T10 SC102+02 C*((0CIA
BA.S
""7) "89# "444 ""39 345"
Ban of Pun-ab 9imited 34 ;5 >4Ban of Ra-asthan 9td( 33 5 >< 3$hammam 4 > ;< 3$rishna 3 3 35@ 5;$urnool @4 ;
Mahbubnagar 3;5 3> 34>Meda 3;< 5; 3;algonda 334 3@;ellore 3 3>Dhubri ; 3 @Dibrugarh @ 3; 3@ @%oalpara ;4 %olaghat > 4 50ailaandi 3 ;0aaribag 5< 3Paur Palamau 5 3 >4Paschimi Singhbhum 4> ; 3;;Purbi Singhbhum < 35 >3 35Ranchi @ 35 @; 3@3Sahebgan- 53 > 5@
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.AATA.A #"5# ")4# 869 836 7896Bagalote > 3;Bangalore Rural 5 3@ @5Belgaum 3;@ 335 >4 ;3
Bellary @ 5 3 3>Bidar > 3; 3 4Bi-apur > ; ; 3;;Chamara-anagar 34 Chimagalur 3
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(A21
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=est imar 3 ;3 >;
(A1AAS1TA ##55 ")5# 5)) #)#3 94"9Ahmadnagar 33 3 ;4 ; 34Bhandara < ;; >;Bid >< ;; 4@Buldhana < 5 34%adchiroli @ 55%ondia 5 3; @%reater Bombay 354 3540ingoli ;> 33 @
Galgaon @> 53 3@Galna 5@ 3< 3> >$olhapur 3 ; 3 ;>@anded > < 3;Balangir 35 4Balesh'ar 4< ; 33Bargarh > 3 >;Bhadra @ 3Boudh 34 ;;Cuttac 4@ @ 3>;Deogarh 3 5 ; ;%a-apati ;@ %an-am 3;@ < 343Gagatsinghpur ; ;< >;Ga-pur > 4 @;Gharsuguda ;< 3
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$alahandi > 3; >4$andhamal ; 5 $endrapara 5 5 @$eon-har >< 3> @>$hurda > 3< 3 3> 35a'apara ; ;@a'rangpur ; 5 ;4ayagarh ; ;Puri >3 > ; 3Sambalpur 5@ ; >@Sonepur ; 5 ;>Sundargarh 3 5 334
&*2IC10< #) "5 74 ; 6#$araial 33 3>Mahe Pondicherry 35 3 5 @anam ; ;
&+>AB """6 957 376 #)9 #399Amritsar 35> ;4 3 ;4Bathinda 5 ; 5< 333:aridot 3 ; 5@:atehgarh Sahib ;5 ; 0oshiarpur @4 3 ; 3;Galandhar 3
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Baran > ;3 @Barmer 5 34 >Bharatpur ;; ; 333Bhil'ara >; ;3 ;4 3;;Bianer 4 3; 3 3;
Bundi 55 3> 3Chittaurgarh >4 33;Churu >< 5 33Dausa 5 3 4Dholpur ;; 3 >Dungarpur 3 33 ;%anganagar 4 55 30anumangarh @@Gaipur 33; > ;;4 >@Gaisalmer < @ @Galor 54 3; 3
Ghala'ar 53 ; 5Ghun-hunu 5 5> 4Godhpur >< 35 >> 33$arauli 3 5@$ota 5@ 3 5 3;>agaur @5 55 3;@Pali >> ;; 3 335Ra-samand 53 3@ 4Sa'ai Madhopur 5 ; 4Siar 5 ; 3 33;Sirohi 5 ; 4!on 5@ 3 @ 4#daipur 43 4 ; 3;
SI..I( 49 "# ; ; 767ast Siim 3 3; ;orth Siim South Siim 4 4=est Siim @ @
TA(I A2+ "885 "#"3 595 88) 7844Ariyalur ;4 @ >Chennai >>< >> 4 3 3Dindigul > @ ;@ 347rode 4< >< 5 ;
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$arur 5< >Madurai ;5 33 ;
Perambalur ; ;@Puduottai ;; @@Ramanathapuram 5 ; >Salem ; 5 @ 35Si)aganga 5 5> 333!han-a)ur > 3!heni ;; ; >5!hiru)allur > 53 5 35;!hiru)arur 55 ;@ >;!iruchirapalli 4 3 45 345!irunel)ali @4 < ; 3< 3 5< 3>8ellore 3
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Chandauli 5; 3 >Chitraoot 5 4Deoria @< ; 3 53 3357ta'ah 55 > 3 5
:aiabad ; 4 ; @:arruhabad 5 33 ;3 >:atehpur @ 3 > 3@0amirpur 5< 3 0ardoi 4@ < 3;@
0athras 5 3 ;< > @;Gaunpur 35 3 3@ 3>Ghansi ; ; 53 44Gyotiba Phule agar 4 35 33 5$anau- 5< ;3 3$anpur Dehat 44 ;; 3;3$anpur agar ;5 ;@> 3$aushambi 5 5@$heri 4; 3;@$ushi agar 4< 49alitpur 33 559ucno' ; 5 ; ;44Mahara-gan- 4 3< >4Mahoba ;< 35 5Mainpuri 5 ;> >Mathura ; 4 33Mau 3; 4 >>Meerut ;4 4> 34;Mirapur 4 ;; 4Moradabad @4 >; 345Muaffarnagar 43 ; 53 3@5Pilibhit ; 35 35 @0CTIV0 *: T10 ST+2
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!his study adopts the methodology of collecting data from both sources
primary and secondary( !he primary sources of data for the study are collected
through personal inter)ie' 'ith concerned finance e2ecuti)es(
!he secondary sources of data for the study are annual reports and other
records furnished by co/operati)e ban(
TI(0 S&A$
!he time span of the study is for a period of years ;
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Chapter III
Company &rofile
ICICI Ban is IndiaOs second/largest ban 'ith total assets of about Rs( ;,3(@4
bn 1#S ( bn. at March 3, ;
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Ban, the %o)ernment of India and representati)es of Indian industry( !he
principal ob-ecti)e 'as to create a de)elopment financial institution for pro)iding
medium/term and long/term pro-ect financing to Indian businesses( In the 344
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"ctober ;
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M"!0 7MI I!R7S! PRICIP79 BA9AC7<
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P8I: 3/3J13rJm.TmnJrJm
7MI 3;54(3@
M"!0 7MI I!R7S! PRICIP79 BA9AC7<
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Amount 3( >;@(5> >( >;( >5(>3 @434(;;3< 55>( 55(4 >4;(45 @;3;(;@33 55>( 3(4 @;3(4 >@( @>(;4 @( @(53 @>@(4; >(4;35 55>( ;4(; 4( (>3> 55>( 55 44(3 5>>(3;3@ 55>( 53 5( ( 34(5> 533>(@ @5>@(4;; 55>( ;@@(4 535@(>5 5;4(45; 55>( ;>(5> 53>4(@ ( 345(5 5;5;(>4 ;34(( 3;(>; 5;>5(3 3>5;3(5>;> 55>( 34;@ 55>( 4@( 5@(4> @>>(@;;4 55>( (@; 5>3(; 55( (
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Case study 7$
P#RP"S7 E:#RI!#R7 SA97SAM"#! E3;
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; 534(@< 5>@@(43 ;5@( >(33@ >< 333@(534 >> 3(> 34; >54(>5; > >(; 3(43 4;(;3;@ >4(@( > 4(@4 >
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( ;3@(>@ 3@(43(5; ;;;5((
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5 3( ;34>(> 3(; 4@5( >4(;>> 3(
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=hen goods are sold on cash terms, the payment is recei)ed either
before the goods are shipped 1cash in ad)ance. or 'hen the goods are deli)ered
1cash on deli)ery.(
Cash on deli)ery is often demanded by the seller if it is in a strongbargaining position and J or the customer is percei)ed to be risy(
*pen Account
Credit sales are generally on open account( !his means that the seller
first ships the goods and then sends the in)oice 1bill.( !he credit terms 1credit
period, cash discount for prompt payment, the period of discount, and so on. are
stated in the in)oice 'hich is acno'ledged by the buyer( !here is no formal
acno'ledgement of indebtedness by the buyer(
Consignment
=hen goods are sent on consignment, they are merely shipped but not
sold to the consignee( !he consignee acts as the agent of the seller 1consignor.(
!he title of the goods is retained by the seller till they are sold by the consignee
to a third party(
Bill of e@change
!he seller does not ha)e strong e)idence of the buyer?s obligation( So, a
more secure arrangement, usually in the form of a bill of e2change( =hen the
dra'ee accepts a bill of e2change it becomes a trade acceptance(
!he bill of e2change performs three useful functionsE 1i. it ser)es as a
'ritten e)idence of a definite obligation( 1ii. It helps in reducing the cost of
financing to some e2tent( 1iii. It represents a negotiable instrument(
etter of Credit
A letter of credit is issued by a ban on behalf of its customer 1buyer. to
the seller( As per this document, the ban agrees to honor drafts dra'n on it for
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!ype I error leads to loss of profit on sales to good customers 'ho are
denied credit( !ype II error results in bad/debt losses on credit sales made to
risy customers(
!hree broad approaches are used for credit e)aluation, )i( traditionalcredit analysis, numerical credit scoring, and discriminate analysis(
Traditional Credit Analysis
!he traditional approach to credit analysis calls for assessing a
prospecti)e customer in terms of the *fi)e C?s of credit(
3( CharacterE !he 'illingness of the customer to honor his obligations( It
reflects integrity, a moral attribute that is considered )ery important by credit
managers(
;( CapacityE !he ability of the customer to meet credit obligations from the
operating cash flo's(
( CapitalE !he financial reser)es of the customer( If the customer has
difficulty in meeting his credit obligations from its operating cash flo', the focus
shifts to its capital(
5( CollateralE !he security offered by the customer in the form of pledged
assets(
( ConditionsE !he general economic conditions that affect the customer(
Seuential Credit Analysis
If the character of a customer is found to be 'ea, it may be pointless to
conduct the credit in)estigation further( 0ence, se+uential credit analysis is a
more efficient method( In this analysis, in)estigation is carried further if the
benefit of such analysis out'eighs it cost( !o illustrate, consider three stages of
credit analysisE re)ie' of the past payment record, detailed internal analysis, and
credit in)estigation by an e2ternal agency( !he credit analyst proceeds from
stage one to stage t'o only if there is no past payment history and hence a
detailed internal analysis, and credit in)estigation by an e2ternal agency( !he
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credit analyst proceeds from stage one to stage t'o only if there is no past
payment history and hence a detailed internal credit analysis is 'arranted(
9ie'ise, the credit analyst goes from stage t'o to stage three only if internal
credit analysis suggests that the customer poses a medium ris and hence thereis a need for e2ternal credit analysis(
umerical Credit Scoring
In traditional credit analysis, customers are assigned to )arious ris
classes some'hat -udgmentally on the basis of the fi)e C?s of credit( Credit
analysts may, ho'e)er, 'ant to use a more systematic numerical credit scoring
system( Such a system may in)ol)e the follo'ing stepsE
3( Identify factors rele)ant for credit e)aluation(
;( Assign 'eights to these factors that reflect their relati)e importance(
( Rate the customer on )arious factors, using a suitable rating scale(
5( :or each factor, multiply the factor rating 'ith the factor 'eight to get the
factor score(
( Add all the factor scores to get the o)erall customer rating inde2(
( Based on the rating inde2 classify the customer(
2iscriminate Analysis
!he credit inde2 described abo)e is some'hat ad hoc in nature and is
based on 'eights 'hich are sub-ecti)e in nature( !he techni+ue of discriminate
analysis may be employed to construct a better ris inde2(
isk Classification Scheme
"n the basis of information and analysis in the credit in)estigation
process, customers may be classified into )arious ris categories(
Customers 'ith no ris of default
Customers 'ith negligible ris of default 1default rate less than ; percent.
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Customers 'ith little ris of default 1default rate bet'een ; percent and
percent.
Customers 'ith some ris of default 1default rate bet'een percent and
3< percent.( Customers 'ith significant ris of default 1default rate in e2cess of 3
3(4
;;(
3(;
/
/
;(4
@(;( 3
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oteE During the year ;(3
4(4@
(>3
5
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'ere gi)en to repairs to building, 3K to
agriculture(
7AR =IS7 P7RC7!A%7 C0A%7 ": P7RS"A9 9"AS
ear Professionals, Self/7mployees,
Artisans
on/priority !otal Change
;
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P7RS"A9 9"A APPRAISA9
:"RM#9A #S7D !" CA9C#9A!7 7MI
Step / 3
P8A: 3 / 313rJm.mn
1Present )alue annuity factor. rJm
Step / ;
7MI Principal 8alueP8A:
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Case study "
Purpose / Daughter marriage 7MI PrincipleAmount /
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Case Study 7
Purpose / Domestic 7MI PrincipleAmount / ;,
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;3 3;5 33> > ,@>;; 3;5 3343 ;,54; 3;5 3; 3,;@>;5 3;5 3;;> 34 5 3 3@ /
Case Study 8
Purpose / Domestic 7MI / Principal
Amount / ,
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3@ 3;@@ 34 34,@;4 3;@@ 33>; 33 >,@< 3;@@ 33@> 3 3;@@ 3; ;,>5;
5 3;@@ 3;; 3,54< 33< 354< ;
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; 35@ 3;3; ;; 3,@> 3;,;> 35@ 3;>> 33 34@
;@ 35@ 3;45 355 4, 5,33 35@ 3@ ;,>@5 35@ 35 3,> 3@ 3> 3@ /
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Case Study 5
Purpose / Business De)elopment 7MI / PrincipleAmount / ;53 >; 5,; @3 >3 ; ,43 ; ,353;> @3 >>3 5; ;,>
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;@ @3 >@3 ; 3,@4;4 @3 >4; ;3 >4>< @4> 33 /Case Study ")
Purpose / Purchase of 7MI / P
colour !(8(& D8D P8A:Amount / 3,43< 455 @@ 3,; >; 5,3;35 455 @@5 < ,;@3 455 @4 5@ ;,>;3 455 4 455 4;< ;5 4
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Chapter N 8
Conclusions
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Suggestions
&
Bibliography
C*C+SI*
In this study I found that there is a gradual change in the attitude of the ban in
lending personal loans( =hen comparing 'ith year ;
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During the period ;>K(
During ;
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Calculation of 7MI?s in the ban is through computer, the 7MI calculated in this
pro-ect is by using calculator, there may be some )ariance in actual 7MI of the
ban and calculated 7MI(
B I B 9 " % R A P 0
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;( :IACIA9 S7R8IC7S M(( $0A
( BA$I% !07"R AD 9A= AD PRAC!IC7 S((MA07S0=ARI & R(R( PA#9
5( IBA B#997!IS BA$I% G"#RA9SP#B9IS07D BIDIA BA$S
ASS"CIA!I"
( BA$?S CIRC#9ARS CIRC#9ARS B SBI
( =7BSI!7 ===(MS"R7BA$(C"M