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Asylum applicants in the EU (per million inhabitants, 2018)
More than 1 977
889 - 1 977
196 - 888
96 - 195Less than 96
EU average: 1 248 applicants per million inhabitants
Applicants per million inhabitants
8 985321 97788919696
Asylum applicants in the EU (in 1 000 applicants, 2018)
In 1 000 applicants
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
DE 203 477 745 223 184
FR 64 76 84 99 120
EL 9 13 51 59 67
ES 6 15 16 37 54
IT 65 84 123 129 54
UK 33 40 40 35 38
NL 24 45 21 18 24
BE 23 45 18 18 23
SE 81 162 29 26 22
AT 28 88 42 25 13
Other 91 278 92 44 41
0
500
1 000
1 500
2008 20182010 2012 2014 2016
225
639
1 323
In 1 000 applicants
Top 20 countries of origin (in 1 000 applicants, 2018)
First instance decisions on asylum(2018)
SyriaAfghanistan
IraqPakistan
NigeriaIran
TurkeyVenezuela
AlbaniaGeorgia
EritreaRussia
BangladeshGuinea
SomaliaColombia
AlgeriaUkraine
Côte d'IvoireSudan
8446
4529
2525
232222
19151515
1413
10101099
(-73)(-21)(-2)(-7)(-3)
(-16)(7)(7)(8)
(-4)(8)
(-10)(-2)(-6)(-4)(-1)(6)(0)(0)
(-5)(-1)
Variation 2017 - 2018
In 1 000 applicants
The value in parentheses represents the change with respect to 2017; a positive value shows an increase, a negative value represents a decrease (e.g. there was a decrease of 73 000 applicants from Syria in 2018 compared to the year 2017).
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
IE LU PT FI SK BE DK LT CY EL RO AT
MT SI DE
HU
EU28 N
LBG U
K SE IT HR FR EE ES LV PL CZ
86%
72%
60%
54%
53%
51%
50%
50%
49%
47%
46%
44
%4
3%4
3%4
2%38
%37
%35
%35
%35
%34
%32
%31
%28
%27
%24
%24
%14
%11
%
14%
28%
40
%4
6%4
7%4
9%50
%50
%51
%53
%54
%56
%57
%57
%58
%62
%63
%65
%65
%65
%66
%68
%69
%72
%73
%76
%76
%86
%89
%
Positive decision Negative decision
Posi
tive
deci
sion N
egat
ive
deci
sion
Migration from third countries plays an important role in shaping demography in Member States. In addition to the free movement-based internal population flows, Europe has received large numbers of immigrants from outside Europe for many decades. In this context, recent asylum flows to the European Union might contribute to the mitigation of important demographic challenges, depending on the official recognition of asylum-seekers as refugees, their integration into host societies and their own professional qualifications and experience.
Living in the EU: Asylum and Migration
EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service EUI | European University Institute
Authors: Giulio Sabbati, Members’ Research Service, EPRSCaterina Francesca Guidi, GlobalStat, EUI
PE 637.938 - May 2019
AT A GLANCEInfographic
0%
10%
6%
4%
2%
14%
12%
8%
0
5
3
2
1
7
6
4
EU28 average: 4.4%
LV EE AT LU DE
MT IT ES EL SE SI DK FR BE CY UK IE CZ PT FI NL
BG HU HR LT PL SK RO
Non-EU population:22.3 million persons
Share of total population (Left axis)In million persons (Right axis)
Non-
EU p
opul
a�on
(in
1 00
0 pe
rson
s)
34.8%
40% 60% 80% 100%
34.0% 31.2%
20%0%
IEBGPLUKSKEELUMTCYSEHUDKLTFRCZLVEU28PTBENLFIESATDEHRSIITEL
14471
2092 426
15178432935
54483
28520
3 145296266
22 293285462451148
2 631687
5 46235
1023 582
605
Note: No data available for Romania.
Primary(ISCED 0-2)
Secondary(ISCED 3-4)
Tertiary(ISCED 5-8)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
MT
CZ LT RO PL EE PT SI LV CY UK IE HU DK IT AT
EU28 ES DE
NL
LU EL SE FR FI BE
% of total non-EU population 15 - 64 years
% of active non-EU population 15 - 64 years
57.3
%14
.9%
Employment
Unemployment
Note: no data availabe for Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovakia (both indicators). No data available for Malta, Lithuania, Romania and Poland (for unemployment).
85+
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
<5
0% 12%9%6%3%0%12% 9% 6% 3%
FemaleMale
EU national
Non-EU
EU national
Non-EU
Percentages of the non-EU, EU national populations, respectively
NotesGlobalStat is a project developed by the European University Institute’s Global Governance Programme (Italy) and the Francisco Manuel dos Santos Foundation (Portugal). Data sources for page 1: All data are from Eurostat (migr_asyappctza, migr_asydcfsta). Data sources for page 2: All data are are from Eurostat (migr-pop1ctz, lfsq_ergan, lfsq_urgan and edat_lfs_9912). Extraction date: data were extracted in March/April 2019.
This ‘At a glance’ note is part of a series ‘Living in the EU’. The other issues in the series cover Climate Change and Energy, European Elections and Democracy, Demography, Education and Health, and the Economy.
Non-EU population in the Member States (Percentage share and in million persons, 2018)
Labour force - non-EU population (% of non-EU population 15-64 years, 4th quarter 2018)
Age distribution by citizenship - EU and non-EU(Percentage of population, 2018)
Non-EU population 25-54 years by education level (2018)
This document is prepared for, and addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament as background material to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the European Parliament is given prior notice and sent a copy. © European Union & GlobalStat, 2019.
[email protected] (mail) http://www.eprs.ep.parl.union.eu (intranet) http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank (internet) http://epthinktank.eu (blog) [email protected] (mail) http://www.globalstat.eu (internet)
Living in the EU: Asylum and MigrationEPRS and GlobalStat
