Three Regions Come Together

In this chapter, you will learn about the European, Native American, and

African regions. Their society, government, and innovations will be explained.

They all had new traditions to introduce and their government differed from one

another. Some of the pros and cons will be discussed throughout the chapter.

TIMELINES-

Section 1- European

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES

The start of exploration It is the cause and effect of the -Queen Isabella

in the 1400s was by European foundation of the United States. –Renaissance

economic developments. - Columbus

European Government

Most European Governments are controlled by a absolute monarchy.

To begin with, the Roman Catholic Church controls religion over lost all of

Western Europe. The main religion was Catholic. Moreover, Queen Isabella of

Castile was the most powerful woman in the world. She expelled Muslims and

Jews from Spain in 1494. Catholic today for the most part means, "All are

welcome". In this time period it meant the Roman Catholics. Also, there was a

completed Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula in 1492. Lastly, they funded

Columbus's voyages to the Americas.

European Society

Europe was faced with a lot of obstacles during the 14th

and 17th

centuries.

Social hierarchy was strict and unfair. If you were poor then you would stay poor

and couldn’t rise into a higher class so you are born poor and died poor. Religion

in Europe was also strict because you didn’t have a choice of religion. In Europe

Muslims if they weren’t Christians. Finally a huge obstacle that affected Europeans

was the plague. When people in Europe had the plague over 25 million people

died. While the French and English were still at the hundred years’ war. This

concludes why the Europeans faced a lot of obstacles during the 14th

and 17th

centuries.

Personal Voice WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“The heavens themselves, the planets, and this center [earth] Observe, degree,

priority, and place . . . Take but degree away, untune that string, And hark! What discord

follows. . . . “

European Innovations

Europe had many innovations during the 14th

- 17th

century that were very

helpful to the world. One great example of Europe’s innovations is the Renaissance

period. Renaissance means rebirth. The new way of Prince Henry’s Noble Spirit

began the expansion of a European era. This was a cultural movement. Secondly,

the Europeans invented the first map in 1472. The production of their unique maps

are very useful today and have helped millions of people find their destinations

ever since. They also made the 1st edition of Claudius Ptolemy. The final example

to note is that they established colonization. Colonization is the establishment of

settlement controlled by the parent country. Again, Europe’s many innovations

have changed the world.

Section 2- Native American

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES

The land of North America Native Americans passed down -adobe

Encouraged diversity in Native their cultural customs and they are -Kinship

American cultures. kept till today. –division of labor

Native American Government

Native American government included social organization and religion. First

and foremost, their religious beliefs were thinking that the natural world was filled

with spirits. They listened to the Great Spirit’s commands. He was very important

to them. On the other hand there are bonds of kinship which have to do with social

organization. Kinship’s are strong ties between family members. This mad their

tribal customs permanent. On the third hand there was the division of labor. This

was the assignment of tasks based on gender, age, or status, following the basis of

social order. Nobles ensured that every law was obeyed. Also, Natives were split

into smaller groups when they would go hunting. To reemphasize, Native

American government was focused on social organization and religion.

Native American Society

The Native Americans' life was difficult due to them having different

opinions. The first example is that in their society they grew different crops. By

them growing different crops there would always be people/countries that would

want to take advantage of this and trade unevenly. The Native Americans also had

different cultures. By having different cultures sometimes there would be

arguments because how they would do things differently. A last example is the

religions that they had. How the Native Americans thought that the world was

filled with spirits and other countries didn’t accept that. This is why the Native

Americans’ life was difficult. Also, Native Americans built their homes out of

adobe which are sun-dried bricks made of clay and straw.

Personal Voice WINTU WOMAN

“When we dig roots, we make little holes. When we build houses, we make little holes. . . .

We shake down acorns and pinenuts. We don‟t chop down the trees. We only use dead wood [for

fires]. . . . But the white people plow up the ground, pull down the trees, [and. . . the] tree says,

„Don‟t. I am sore. Don‟t hurt me.”

Native American Innovations

The Native Americans introduced many innovations in the 15th

and 16th

century. To begin with, soul food originated from the Natives. Grits, greens,

gumbo, and pork and beans were all previous Native American traditions.

Likewise, the majority of the came from the Indians of the Americas. All of the

crops are being grown today all over the world. Third and even more importantly,

some words that are used frequently today are Native American words. Tornado,

Ok, and Mississippi are some of those words. In summary, many innovations by

the Native Americans were introduced.

Section 3- African American

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES

The home to a variety of People that are African American -Songhai

people and cultures was today, have many ancestral ties -Sunni Ali

West Africa in the 1400s. from West Africa. – Kente Cloth

African Government

African American government was based on three major kingdoms. First of

all, Songhai was the ruler in the mid 1400s. Trading made him have more wealth

and power. It later became the largest kingdom in West Africa. Second of all,

Sunni Ali was the ruler of Songhai during the mid 15th century. He was the largest

West African empire there ever was. Third of all, Africans used religion as

classification. The leaders claimed their authority based on religion. Clearly,

African American government was based on 3 kingdoms.

Personal Voice CHIEF JACOB EGHAREVBA

“He fought against and captured 201 towns and villages. . . . He took their rulers

captive and he caused the people to pay tribute to him. He made good roads in Benin City. .

. . In fact the town rose to importance and gained the name of city during his reign. It was

he who had the innermost and greatest of the walls and ditches made round the city, and he

also made powerful charms and had them buried at each of the nine gateways of the city so

as to ward against any evil.”

African Society

African Americans were very smart when it came to organizing plans. For

trade African Americans would get together with other countries to trade. By doing

this they would have more variety of foods to eat. The religion that the African

Americans had was a little bit controlled. This being because leaders basically took

power depending on which region it was located at. Finally, the art that the African

Americans had was unique. Their paintings were very religious and also

memorable. They’re paintings were memorable because they also made wood

carvings of their ancestors to keep an image of them.

African Innovations

The African Americans had a few innovations that are still important today.

For example, they had the brilliant skill to converting mangrove swamps into rice

fields. This was a great skill that accompanied them to the Americas. Furthermore,

they had various methods to farming, herding, hunting and fishing. Mining and

trading was also one of their great methods. On top of that, Kente Cloth is a cloth

that has been woven by artisans for centuries. Some of the cloth is even used today

on graduation gowns. Due to all of these reasons the innovations of African

Americans are important today.

ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS-

TERMS & NAMES: For each term or name, write a sentence explaining its

significance.

Colonization

Lineage

Nuclear Family

Adobe

Columbus

1. Analysis- Draw a diagram of the European Social Hierarchy.

2. Synthesis- Create a Venn diagram describing the differences and similarities

between European Society and Native American Society.

3. Evaluation- Conclude and write a summary on Section 3, African

Americans.

Works Cited

Hine Clark, Darlene, Hine C. Wiliam,Harrold Stanley.The African American Odyssey. Upper

Saddle River: NJ Pearson Education, Inc, 2006.

Danzer A. Gerald, Klor de Alva J. Jorge, Krieger S. Larry, Wilson E. Louis, and Woloch

Nancy.Americans. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2005.

Loewen W. James. Lies My Teacher Told Me. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.

No ed. American Studies. New York: McDougal Littell, 2001.

Picture

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Stickball.jpg/325px-

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