Lighting Up a Village

Dr. Henry LouieDr. Vincent Van AckerSteve Szablya, PEDaniel Nausner

Energy Poverty

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1.2 Billion People

Do Not Have Access to Electricity

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17% of the worldElectrified

Not

ElectrifiedTwice the number of Americans

that have ever lived.

Dr. Henry Louie 13Source: Sustainable Energy For All, Global Tracking Framework, Vol. 3

Dr. Henry Louie 14Source: Sustainable Energy For All, Global Tracking Framework, Vol. 3

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Electrification

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Per Capita Electricity Consumption (MWh/yr)

Hum

an D

evelo

pm

ent In

dex

Japan U.S.

China

India

Zambia

Sierra Leone

Panama

Morocco

Estonia

Yemen

Indonesia

ItalyFrance

SpainNorway

Kenya

AustraliaNew Zealand

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Energy and Human Development

DE

DHDI

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Microgrid

Generation

Point

Energy Kiosk

Generation

Point

Solar Home System

• Wired distribution

• Low voltage AC or DC transmission

• Can be remotely operated

• Higher energy access tier

• Energy transported by battery

• Mobile phone, electronic device or

dedicated portable battery kit recharging

• Operated by staff

• Low/no upfront capital by customer

• Lower energy access tier

• Powered by photovoltaics

• Single or small number of households

served

• Lower energy access tier

Muhuru Bay Energy Kiosk

Business Plan

Sustainability

• Long term impact only if the business enterprise is viable and sustainable

• Revenues > costs

Revenue from energy delivery service: portable battery kit rental service

Costs: operational, maintenance, and replacement

• No longer dependent from outside financial support

• Size and cost of microgrid should be appropriate for local community

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Create robust business plan

Assessment Trip

• Meet with prospective local vendors

• Asses the current household energy expenses

• Gauge interest for Portable Battery Kit rental service

• Poll how much they are willing to pay for it

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Interpreter

Focus group

meetings

• 69 surveys conducted

• Average household energy expenses:

• Willing to pay up to $13/month

• Very interested in PBK rental service

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Survey Results

ItemMonthly

Expense (US$)

Batteries 3.50

Candles 0.65

Kerosene 4.65

Phone Charging 2.06

TOTAL 10.86

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Alstom Foundation + Other Donors

Energy KioskSalary, Operation,

Maintenance, Replacement

Kristy’s Cape

Academy

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Energy KioskSalary, Operation,

Maintenance, Replacement

Kristy’s Cape

Academy

Business Model for Portable Battery Kit Service

Monthly Subscription Fee $12.56

Enrollment Fee $5.68

Cellphone charging at the Kiosk $0.11

Sale of accessories

Sale of cold drinks

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Operational & Maintenance Costs $150/month

Replacement Costs $600/month

Costs

Revenue

Technology

Design and Implementation

Design is Complicated

• Factors

Wind (how much is there?)

Solar (how sunny is it?, how many hours per day?)

Portable Battery Kit Load

• 5 Ah PBKs

• 12 Ah PBKs

Load to School

Cost

• Research, Site Data, 3Tier, Site Assessment

• Homer simulation takes the data and suggests a design based on the factors.

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Portable Battery Kits

• 17 Ah @ 12VDC (204 Wh)

• Weight: 12.5 lbs

• Efficient 1.25W LED bulbs

• +72 hours continuous light

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Each: 400Ah @ 6VDC

Total: 400Ah@ 48VDC (19.20 kWh)

Each: 235 W

Total: 2.82 kW

Each: 1 kW

Total: 2 kW

Each: 17Ah @ 12VDC

Total: 1139Ah @ 12VDC (13.67kWh)

PBK (67)

100W continuous

3kW

Published to a web page

for condition monitoring

Technical Details

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PBK (67)3kW

Energy Kiosk

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Designed for up to 96 Battery kits

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Implementation

StationBatteries

(8)

AC Bus

DC Bus

Charge

Controllers

Charge

Controller

Inverter

Modbus AC

Transducer

Data Logger

DC Bus

Voltage

Current

Transducer

Data Needed:AC Voltage

AC Current

AC Power

Cumulative Power

Solar Current

Not Critical:Temperature

Humidity

Not NeededWind Speed

Wind Direction

Frequency

Wind

Solar

Single

Phase

Current

Transducer

Installed but not

critical

Current

Transducer

Installed but not

connected

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(not visible)

Energy Kiosk

Operation

Training the Microgrid Personnel

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• Technical training

• Business training

• Train the customer

Community Event to introduce the Battery Kit Rental Program (August 25, 2014)

Community Event to introduce the Battery Kit Rental

Program (August 25, 2014)

Community Event – Residents Signing Up

(August 25, 2014)

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First Customer

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Battery kit brought in for a

recharge

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Phone Charging

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LED Light

Tube Light

PortableBatteryKit

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LED Light

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PortableBatteryKit

Dinner

Early Reports

• As of 11/17, 67 Portable Battery Kits are rented out – out of stock!

• Residents not used to monthly payments

• Weekly payments is more manageable

• Residents initially thought that the program was rent-to-own proposition

• Battery rental is a service

• The rental price is based on the life span of the battery

• Slightly Behind Schedule

• Late delivery of battery kits

• Personnel issues

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What’s Next?

• Monitor and support

Daily monitoring

Monthly reports

1 or 2 post-installation visits

• Impact Assessment

More hours studying? Higher grades? Added income?

• Learn

• Expansion

Families of all students

• Future projects

Kenya and Zambia

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Access to electricity can affect various and unexpected aspects of life

• Number of meals per day

• Number of wives

• Prayer/worship

• Arrangement of houses

• Re-normalization of standards

• Time keeping

• Level of government control

• Amount of sleep

• Frequency of intercourse

• Relaxation activities

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Want to do more?

• kWh (kilowatts for Humanity) bi-weekly meetings

• Next meeting:

December 4 (Thursday), 7PM

Seattle University, Bannan 215

http://muhurubay.ewbseattle.org/

• Contact hlouie@ieee.org for more information

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Questions?

Our Team

• Henry Louie

• Steve Szablya

• Daniel Nausner

• Andrew Mewborn

• Mike Koppi

• Patrick Berg

• Jenna Isakson

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• Vincent Van Acker

• Avnaesh Jayantilal

• Chris Abate

• Matthieu Bach

• Ron Pomeroy

• Tommy Wong

• Juming Lai

• Zach Kendall

• Ayesha Pirbhai

• Kelly Fetters

• Kim Kroh

• Loreli Floresca

• Jeff Henrikson

• Ben Blainedavis

• Seyi Akanni

• Eli Patten

• Kayla Patten

• Michael Dauenhauer

• Heather Hamilton

• Matt Salmon

• Robert Stumberger

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