Light Microscopy
Bright Field
Fluorescence
Phase-Contrast
Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
Chemical Composition of Cells
Pg. 58
Nitrogenous Bases of DNA and RNA
Pg. 76
SupercoiledDNA
Non-supercoiledDNA (relaxed)
Werner Syndrome
15 yrs. 48 yrs.
Mutation in gene encoding RecQ helicase
Hydrophobic Interactions in Tertiary Structure
Representations of Protein Tertiary Structure
Backbone
Ribbon
Wire Frame
Space Filling
Pg. 132
Chloride Ion Channel Protein
Comparison of Protein Primary Structure
Cyclin-dependent Kinase Proteins
Exon/Intron Organization of Eukaryotic Genes
Pg. 238
Sequence Structure of Introns
CytosolNucleusMitochondria
SecretedERGolgiEndosomeLysosomeTransmembrane
“Editing” by tRNA Synthetase
Large Subunit RNA Secondary Structure
Pg. 253
Initiation of Translation
Co-translational Protein Folding
Protein Folding by “Chaperones”
Pg. 257
Ubiquitin-dependent Protein Degradation
Proteasome
Amino acids + Ub
Protein Ub-Ub-Ub
Protein + Ub
Ubiquitin Ligase
Superficial Infections Systemic Infections
Fungal Disease