Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

LifestylePatternAndHedonicMotivesInFamilyFinances(StudiesOnCareerWomenAndMarriedWomenInMedan)

OnanMSiregar,HosiannaAyuSihombing,AinunMardhiyah

StudyProgramofBusinessAdministration,UniversityofSumateraUtara,Medan,Indonesia

Abstract–Thisresearchwasconductedtodiscoverthatthewomeninordertodeterminethepatternlifestyleandhedonistmotivescouldadverselyaffectthefinancialandlifestylepatternslikewhattheyareabletobringagoodimpactontheirfinancialconditionsothatthepatternoflifeandthemotivesofhedonismcanbebalancedwiththefamilyfinances.Thestudyalsowantstomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceoffinancialmanagementinordertobewell planned life patterns in the future and avoid the lifestyle patterns that doesnotmatch the capabilities /revenues from the financial side.This studyusesaqualitativeapproach to theanalysisdescriptive.Primarydatawerecollectedbyaskingtherespondentstoanswerquestionsandstatementsabouttheirperceptions.TheresultsofthisstudyfoundthatthepatternoflifestyleandhedonicshoppingmotivationinwomentoworkandsettledowninMedanCity,generallyhavealifestylepatternsthatarestillgood.Itisindicatedinthepatternoffamilyfinancialarrangements,revenueandexpenditure,theselectionofthepriorityneedsanddesiresinfulfillinglifestyleandabletowithstand theirhedonic characters categorized as awoman innormal condition.Respondents alsohavemoreincomethanspending. It isconcludedthatthepatternof lifestyleandHedonicShoppingMotivescanbebalancedwithfamilyfinances.

Keyword:LifestylePatterns;HedonismMotives;FamilyFinance

INTRODUCTION

Money is a medium of exchange that iscommonly used in the transaction. In practice, itoften becomes the main factor of causing theproblem.Financialproblemsoftencauseddisputesbetween individuals, siblings,parentsandcouplesareeventuallycausediscordanddivorce.Disputesconcerning finances could happen in the currentfinancialconditionsinthecurrentoverfloworlackof money. In addition to financial problems, canresultinmistrust,puttingpersonalinterestsratherthan the family, causing dishonesty, and evendivorce. Therefore, the recently frequently foundsomeone'smotivation in doing acts of criminalityby reason of financial problems,which is tomeettheneedsanddesiresforhimself.

Family financial problems are often due toindividual’s lack of understanding of financialliteracy and bad financial arrangements. It isindicated from lifestyle patterns is not balancedwithincomeandemergingofhedoniccharacterto

the consumers who tend to buy withoutprioritizing shopping priorities according to theneeds. For everyone, shopping would be a funactivity, especially for women. In addition tomeeting the needs, shopping activities can be funforyourselftorelieveboredom.Hedonicshoppingmotives will be created by shopping andsightseeing or window shopping to choose goodsaccording to passion. When shopping, someonewill have a positive emotion to buy the productwithout prior planning in the form of notesshopping list.Hedonic shoppingmotives (hedonicshoppingmotivation)isthebehaviorofindividualswho carry out shopping activities excessively tomeetitsownsatisfaction.Thereasonwhyapersonhas the hedonic characters among which manyneedsthatcannotbefulfilledbefore,thenaftertherequirements are met, new needs arise andsometimes the need is higher than ever. Hedonicshoppingmotiveswillbecreatedwiththepassionof someone who is easy to shop affected bylifestyle affected by the social environment and

204

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 811st International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 2016)

latest models (trend) to meet the needs anddesires.

Today'smodern life is taught to take actionconsumptively. There are rare cases of a person'slifestyleinmeetingtheneedsanddesiresthatleadto the hedonic characters end up in tangledfinancial problems. It is caused especially bygetting easier for the people to have credit cards.Women are themostwho do transactionswith acreditcard.Oneproofofthatisthe69%increaseintransactions by credit card holders UOB Lady'sPlatinumandLady'sCardbetween2013and2014(keuangan. Kontan December 29, 2014 edition).Excessive use of credit cards will incur interestthat could trap them into this quagmire of debt(Kontan18edition.24April2011).

Generally, family finances on hold by thewife'srole in itsmanagement. Inthedevelopmentand reformation era, absolutely needs a virtuousandtheidealwoman,thewomanwhocanrunthedualroleofbeingthewifeandhasgotcareerthatwill manage two sources of income. Notinfrequently found that women who perform thedualrole,andbehighlightedspotlightinthisstudywere women in Medan City. Medan is the thirdlargestmetropolitancityinIndonesiaafterJakartaand Surabaya. Therefore, any shopping center iseasy to reach. Medan is also the city with thelargest population in Sumatra and fourth inIndonesia, and women still a greater amount ofpopulationthanmen(wikipedia.org).

Therefore, based on this background, thisstudy aims to determine the pattern of life(lifestyle)andhedonicshoppingmotives (hedonicshopping motivation) that could adversely affectthefamilyfinances,andlifestylepatternslikewhattheyareabletobringagoodimpacttothefinancialcondition so that Lifestyle and hedonic shoppingmotivescanbalancethefamilyfinances.Thestudyalso wants to make people aware of theimportanceoffinancialmanagementinordertobewellplannedlifepatternsforlifeinthefutureandavoid lifestyle patterns that does not match thecapabilities/revenuesfromthefinancialside.

RESEARCHMETHODS

This research uses descriptivemethodwith

qualitativeanalysis.Thelocationofthisresearchisonthe5districtslocatedinMedanCity.Thechoiceof location based on the characteristic of thepeople in Medan city especially the women whohavehedoniccharacters.

Data collection techniques used in thisresearch is the literature study. Interviewstechniqueanddataanalysisusedinthisresearchisdescriptive analysis that is to describe the resultsof the research that has been obtained frominterviewswith the informants.ThePopulation inthis study was women and has jobs/career.Informantsinthisstudywereobtainedrandomly.

The stage of collecting data in this study isaccording toMilesandHuberman, thereare threetechniques of qualitative data analysis: datareduction, data presentation and conclusion. Thisprocesstakesplacecontinuouslyduringthestudy,evenbeforethedataisactuallycollected.

1) ReductionofData

Data reduction is one of the techniques ofqualitativedata analysis.Data reduction is a formofanalysiswhichsharpens,classify,direct,disposeof unnecessary and organizing data such that thefinal conclusions can be made. Reduction of dataneednotbedefinedasthequantificationofdata.

2) PresentationofData

Presentation of data is one of the qualitative dataanalysis techniques. Presentation of data is anactivitywhenasetofstructuredinformation,thusgiving the possibility of a conclusion. Form ofpresentation of qualitative data in the form ofnarrativetext(intheformoffieldnotes),matrices,graphs,andchartsnetwork.

3) MakingConclusion

Conclusion is one of the techniques ofqualitativedataanalysis.Makingconclusion is theresultofanalysisthatcanbeusedtotakeaction.

205

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 81

RESULTANDDISCUSSION

A.DataRespondentsThe results showed that the respondents in

this research, the majority as much as 48% havethe number of children of 1-2 children, 35% ofrespondents have a number of 3- 5 children, thenumberofchildrenmorethan5by7%and10%ofrespondents have not been blessedwith children.Fortheagecategoryofrespondents,agedof24-34yearsoldby30%,themajorityofrespondentsages35-45yearsoldwere58%,andmorethan45yearsold as much as 12%. For the category of lasteducation of respondents, elementary andsecondary schools as much as 10%, High Schooland D1 as much as 15%, the majority ofrespondentshavethelatesteducationofD3andS1asmuch as 70%, and for the respondentswhoselasteducationS2andS3are5%.

B. Lifestyle and Hedonic Shopping Motives inFamilyFinance

1.EarningsperMonthWhere a majority of respondents in 53%

witharangeof incomeasmuchasRp.1.000.001 -Rp.5,000,000 per month, 33% of respondentsearning> Rp.5.000.000 and 14% respondentsincome <Rp.1.000.000 per month. There are 4types of the objectives of respondentswork, theyare:

• 45% of respondents work to supplementthe family income (extra income from thehusband)

• 40% of respondents work because thedemandsoffamily

• 10%ofrespondentsworkjusttofillsparetime.

• 5%of the respondentswork for theworkcarriedoutisahobby

2.SpendingperMonthThe average spending permonth of 50%of

respondents with an average expenditure ofRp.1.000.001 - 5,000,000 per month, 40% ofrespondents spending an average of >Rp.5.000.000 and spending as much as 10% ofrespondents Average < Rp.1.000.000 per month.There are three types of routine expenditure ofrespondents inthisstudy,namely:expenditureon

dailyneedsthatreflectthefulfillingbasicneedsofrespondents, spending on entertainment / familyholidays and self-satisfaction to meet thesecondary needs of respondents, spending oncredit card repayments and repayments of other,spendingforsavings,andspendingofsocialfunds.

• 40% of respondents spending to meetingthe basic needs include: Monthly Expenditure(basicneeds)MonthlyRecurringPaymentsuchaselectricity, water, household assistant salary,Children'sEducation(Schoolfee,coursefee)

• 25% of respondents spending onentertainment / holiday family and herself as asecondary needs fulfillment include: bodytreatment/beautyclinic,Entertainment(suchasamovieorhavingmealsattheMallwithfamily)

• 20%of total expenditureof respondent topaycreditcard(purchasedproductas: householdfurniture, mobile phone, etc.) other installment(likevehicles,housemortgage,etc.)

• 10% of respondents spending was alsoallocatedtosavings,investment,andinsurance

• 5% of respondents spending for socialexpenditure(suchaszakat,infaq/charity,etc.)

Characteristics of respondents according tothe pattern of lifestyle and hedonic motives areshowninthefollowinganalysis:

1. In this study obtained informationthat the most fun activities performed by thefollowing:

Themajorityofrespondentsasmanyas45%do leisure activities / Tourism (such as watchingmovies, eating in a mall or shopping center,recreationinsideandoutsidethecity).Thisisalsostrengthened by the question of how often therespondents to visit the shopping center, 80% ofrespondentsstatedoftenormorethanseventimesamonthvisittheMallorShoppingCentrewhiletheremaining20% isnot toooftenor rangeof2 to6timesamonth.Otheractivitiessuchasself-care(inthesalonorbeautyclinic),socialinteraction(suchas visiting a relative's house, or get togetherwithfriends/community),Doinghobby(suchassportsactivities, etc.) each to the role asmany as 10%,and last 25% going shopping is consideredunpleasantbytherespondent.

206

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 81

2. Continuing from the previousanalysis that the majority of respondentsfrequently visited shopping centers and shoppingis considered unpleasant things can be analyzedrespondents'motivationinshoppingasfollows:

Themajorityofrespondents50%saythatitisindeedinneedofsuchproducts,asmanyas30%of respondents said that the quality and brand ofthe product and the remaining 20% said becausesudden shopping (so as to buy an attractiveappearanceoftheproduct.)

3. Products purchased (beside basicneeds)orthatrequireinstallment(credits)tobuyasmany as 75% said the vehicles are goods thatarerequiredtohave.Itisbasedonreasonsfortherespondents tohave vehicles asmany as50% foreasymobilityandsupportofrespondentsinwork.Andtheremaining25%respectivelysaidthathadit for self-actualization vehicle (style) and asLuxury (which will follow the latest trend of thetypeofvehicle).Whiletheremaining15%saybuyfurniture households also be done with themortgage payments, and last asmuch as 10% forinvestment(suchasbuyingahomeoramortgage

4. Lack of awareness of respondentson financial management with the percentage ofrespondentswhohavearrangedpersonalfinancialstatements/simplebookkeepingasmanyas35%(usually new couples) smaller than therespondents who haven’t prepared personalfinancialstatements/simplebookkeepingby65%respondentshavenotordonotdo.Itisbecauseofthe family's two sources of funding in the familyincome of respondents that considered able tosustain unexpected costs and does not require apersonalfinancialstatement.

CONCLUSIONFromtheresultsofthisstudyfoundthatthe

pattern of lifestyle and hedonic shoppingmotivation(HedonicShoppingMotives)inwomentowork and settle down inMedanCity, generallyhave a lifestyle patterns that are still good. It isindicated in the pattern of family financialarrangements, revenue and expenditure, theselection of the priority needs and desires infulfilling lifestyle and able to withstand theirhedonic characters categorized as a woman in

normal condition. Respondents also have moreincome than spending. It is concluded that thepatternof lifestyleandHedonicShoppingMotivescan be balanced with family finances. But it isunfortunate that the majority of respondentsconsiders it and has not done the preparation ofpersonal financial statements / simplebookkeeping.Thereasontherespondentsbecause,thetwosourcesofincomefundsso,cansustainthefamily finances and supposed that only newfamilies (families who had recently just married)who usually do the arrangements of familyfinancial statements due to they have not yetstabilized in family finance. Even so awareness ofthe respondents would be insurance, investmentand savings are good enough. And in the habit ofsaving,respondentshavealreadydoneinvestmentroutinely every month. It is indicated thatrespondents in this research have sufficientawareness both in perform a routine save andrealizedtheimportanceofsavingallocateittotheexpenditure items into one allowancemoney thatshouldroutinelybedone.

SUGGESTION

This research has not been able begeneralizedbecausetheresearchwasonlydoneto5 districts inMedanCity, the districts are:MedanBaru,MedanPetisah,MedanSelayang,MedanKotaandMedanMaimun.Therefore,itisconsideredforfuture research is developed by involving 21districts in Medan City that have not beenmentionedthatthisstudycanbegeneralized.

REFERENCES

Anita, R. (2009). Total Phenol Content NoniExtract.UniversityofIndonesia.

Almawadi,I.(2014,Dec).PenggunaanKartuKreditOlehWanitaNaikPesat.Retrieved2016fromhttp://keuangan.kontan.co.id/.

Arnold,M.J.,&Reynolds,K.E.,(2003,Feb).HedonicShopping Motivations.Journal of Retailing,79,77-95.

Arnold, M.J., & Reynolds, E.K. (2003).HedonicMotivations.JournalofRetailing,79,77-79.

Gültekin, B., & Özer, L. (2012).The Influence ofHedonic Motives and Browsing On Impulse

207

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 81

Buying.Journal of Economics and BehavioralStudies.Vol. 4. No. 3 March: pp. 180-189.(ISSN:2220-6140).

Kotler,P.(2000).MarketingManaagement.Jakarta:PT.Prenhallindo.

Masassya, M. (2006).How to Manage PersonalFinance.Jakarta:PT.ElexMediaKomputindo

Miles,M.B.,&Huberman,A.M. (1992).QualitativeData Analysis. Jakarta: University ofIndonesiaPress.

Overby, J. W., & Lee. E. J. (2006). The Effects OfUtilitarian And Online Shopping HedonicValue On Consumer Preference AndIntentions. J Business Research, 59, 1160-1166.

Ramadan. (2008). How healthy is your life.Jogjakarta:PublishersThink.

Senduk, S. (2004) . Managing Family Finance.Jakarta:Gramedia.

Sumarwan,U. (2003).ConsumerBehavior. Jakarta:PublisherGhaliaIndonesia.

Utami, C. W. (2010). Retail Management. Jakarta:FourSalemba.

208

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 81