LIFE DINALP BEAR project

Tools and opportunities to promote coexistence

Rok ČERNE & Tomaž BERCE

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

BEFORE

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

Conflict hot spots

Settlements (SLO)

C.1: Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

BEFORE

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

AFTER

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

BEFORE

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

AFTER

Conflict mitigation in

the hot spot areas – organic waste

GOAL SITUATION

Croatia (Rijeka-Zagreb highway)

25 garbage containers 26 garbage containers

Slovenia (settlements)

5 conflict hot-spots 6 conflict hot spots

100 garbage containers 119 garbage containers + more

100 compost bins 100 compost bins + more

Monitoring of garbage containers

and compost bins

Ongoing

Illegal rubish dumps

detection/removal

Ongoing

Work with local communities Ongoing

Protection of human property

Protection of human property

• Goal of the project: to help livestock breeders, beekeepers and

other landowners protect their property

• Two approaches:

– Electric fencing

– Livestock guarding dogs

• Distribution focus:

- areas with high densities of damages

- based on the Analysis of occurrence of human-bear conflicts in Slovenia

- Alpine area

• Sheep herds – pastures protected: 17

– High electric nettings (170 cm)

– Perimeter: 300-450 m

Project result:

• 14 stationary beehives

• 19 mobile beehives = 50 farmers equipped with electric fences

• 17 pastures

Protection of human property – electric fences

• Stationary beehives protected: 14

Protection of human property – electric fences

- 6 lines of metallic wire

- Bottom line 10-15 cm from the ground (prevents digging under the fence)

- Fixed posts

• Mobile beehives protected: 19

– High electric nettings (170 cm)

– Easy to set up around a truck or trailer

Protection of human property – electric fences

5 „intervention kits“ at SFS regional offices - available for

immediate help - to protect proterty when damages occur frequently

in a short period of time

Protection of human property – electric fences

AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES

Breeder 1 2011 1.984 5.952 0 0

Breeder 2 2012 5.806 17.417 0 0

Breeder 3 2012 6.531 19.592 0 0

Breeder 4 2011 4.596 13.789 0 0

Breeder 5 2011 7.990 23.970 133 796

Breeder 6 2012 4.119 12.358 0 0

Breeder 7 2011 1.857 5.571 0 0

Breeder 8 2012 1.412 4.237 0 0

Breeder 9 2011 84.032 252.095 2.506 15.033

Breeder 10 2012 0 0

SUM 118.326 € 354.981 € 2.639 € 15.829 €

RECEIVERYEAR OF

DONATION

3 YEARS BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.

FENCES

AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.

FENCES

- SloWolf project (2010-2013)

Protection of human property – electric fences

AFTER DONATION

AVG damage /

year

SUM of

damagesSUM of damages

1 sheep 2015 0 0 0

2 sheep 2015 597 1792 433

3 sheep 2015 0 0 0

4 sheep 2015 477 1431 170

5 sheep 2015 1465 4395 182

6 sheep 2015 0 0 0

1 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0

2 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0

3 mob. Beehive 2015 79 238 0

4 stat. beehive 2015 121 362 0

5 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0

6 mob. beehive 2015 54 161 0

7 mob. beehive 2015 40 120 0

8 mob. beehive 2015 371 1114 0

9 mob. beehive 2015 0 0 0

10 mob. beehive 2015 226 679 0

11 stat. beehive 2015 1843 5528 0

7 sheep 2016 0 0 0

8 sheep 2016 0 0 0

9 sheep 2016 1039 3117 0

10 sheep 2016 61 182 0

11 sheep 2016 0 0 0

12 sheep 2016 100 300 0

12 stat. beehive 2016 3272 9817 0

13 mob. Beehive 2016 191 573 0

14 stat. beehive 2016 107 322 0

15 mob. Beehive 2016 153 459 0

16 mob. Beehive 2016 6784 20353 0

17 stat. beehive 2016 133 400 0

18 stat. beehive 2016 40 120 0

19 mob. Beehive 2016 193 580 0

20 stat. beehive 2016 120 360 0

21 mob. Beehive 2016 227 682 0

22 mob. Beehive 2016 329 987 0

23 mob. Beehive 2016 468 1405 0

SUM 18.490 € 55.477 € 785 €

3 YEARS BEFORE DONATION

RECEIVER PROTECTED PROPERTY YEAR OF DONATION

DONATED KITS (2015-2017)

Project LIFE DINALP BEAR 50

- sheep breeders 17

- beekeepers 33

Protection of human property – electric fences

AFTER THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF

HIGH EL. FENCES

AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES SUM OF DAMAGES

Breeder 1 2015 6.511 19.532 0

Breeder 2 2015 0 0 0

Breeder 3 2015 1.104 3.313 0

Breeder 4 2015 3.047 9.141 0

Breeder 5 2015 6.374 19.123 961

Breeder 6 2015 7.120 21.359 9.999

Breeder 7 2016 484 1.453 0

Breeder 8 2016 1.684 5.051 0

SUM 26.323 € 78.972 € 10.960 €

RECEIVERYEAR OF

DONATION

3 YEARS BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.

FENCES

- Slovenian Environment Agency – co-financing 80% of purchase to farmers, beekeepers who experienced damages

KITS CO-FINANCED (2015-2017)

Slovenian Environment Agency 18

- sheep breeders 15

- beekeepers 3

Protection of human property – electric fences

• Bad maintenance of the fence

Common „mistakes“ in using electric fences

Common „mistakes“ in using electric fences

Lack of electric current or low voltage

• Small fence perimeter

Common „mistakes“ in using electric fences

Protection measures are effective, if used correctly

– Regular field-controls: 2 per year

– Checking the voltage, maintenance and the set-up of fences

– If the equipment is not used properly – contacts with owner

Protection of human property – electric fences

Controlling the efficiency of implemented measures

• automatic cameras

Protection of human property – electric fences

SFS damage officials instructed for controlling the use of equipment on

the field

Protection of human property – electric fences

• The most common irregularities

– Lack of electric current

– Low voltage (less than 5 kV)

– Poor grounding system

– Bad maintenance

– Small fence perimeter

– Irregular fence set-up

– Some animals left outside the fence

Common „mistakes“ in using electric fences

Handbook:

Protecting sheep from large

carnivores

Livestock guarding dogs

– 5 working lines established and contracts signed

• 4 breeds:

– Caucasian shepherd -- Tornjak (2 breeders)

– Karst Shepherd -- Sarplaninac (Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog)

Livestock guarding dogs

• The goal: to distribute 20 pups from established working lines to interested

livestock breeders

• December 2016 - first project litter (Tornjak breed)

• 8 pups distributed / subsidized to new owners as future guarding dogs for

livestock

8 pups joined new owners…

Their first steps in a new environment

Breeders of working lines check young

dogs‘ behaviour (visits and regular

contacts with new owners)

Regular visits (LGD breeders + dog experts)

• New litters expected in late Autumn/Winter 2017

Checking their

integration into

the sheep herd

Damages caused by brown bears in Slovenia N

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Number of damage cases Estimated value of damages

Damages caused by wolves in Slovenia E

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Thank you for your attention