Large carnivores in Bos - Europa

Land territory - 51 197 km²;

Human population – 3 531 159 (2013)

Territorial entities: • Republic of Srpska – entity,

• Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – entity and

• district of Brčko.

Neighboring countries: • Croatia – North, West, South;

• Serbia – Northeast, East;

• Montenegro – Southeast.

Large carnivores subpopulations in B&H: • Brown bear – Dinaric-Pindos population;

• Gray wolf – Dinaric-Balkan population;

• Eurasian lynx – Dinaric population.

BROWN BEAR (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758):

The mountainous and hill parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;

Area occupied: 22100 km² (43.18% of territory). (Trbojević, 2017)

WOLF (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758):

The mountainous and hill parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;

Area occupied: 23300 km² (45.51% of territory). (Trbojević, 2016; 2017)

LYNX (Lynx lynx Linnaeus. 1758):

The mountainous parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;

Area occupied: 9900 km² (19.34% of territory). (Trbojevic & Trbojevic, 2018)

Bears, 2012-2017

Lynx, 2012-2017

Wolves, 2012-2017

BROWN BEAR (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758):

1000-1200;

decreased. (Trbojević, 2017)

WOLF (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758):

400-600;

decreased. (Trbojević, 2016; 2017)

LYNX (Lynx lynx Linnaeus. 1758):

80-90;

slightly increased. (Trbojevic & Trbojevic, 2018)

Federation of B&H

Red list of Federation of B&H (Book 3, Red List of Fauna of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013):

• Status: Vulnerable (VU);

IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC)

Law on Hunting (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 4/06, 8/10 i 81/14) and The rule book of the hunting season on close season protected game and a list of species of birds and mammals that are considered useful for agriculture and forestry (Official Gazette of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 5/08):

• Protected By close season (hunting is allowed from 1 October to 31 December and from 1 March to 15 May).

Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13)

• Endangered and rare wild species and subspecies are strictly protected species/subspecies and protected species (Chapter 142.).

Republic of Srpska

Red list of Republic of Srpska:

• Status: on the list

IUCN Red list:

• Least Concern (LC)

Law on Hunting of Republic of Srpska (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 60/09)

• Protected by close season (hunting is allowed from 1 October to 15 May).

Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 50/02, 34/08 & 59/08):

• Section: Wild animals and plants (Chapter 22.).

Federation of B&H


• Status: Endangered (EN).

IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC).


• Protected By close season(hunting is allowed on males from 1 January to 31 December; on females and young from 1 July to 28 February).



Republic of Srpska


• Status: not on the list.

IUCN Red list:

• Least Concern (LC).


• No protection.



Federation of B&H


• Status: Vulnerable (VU);

IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC)


• Prohibited by a permanent hunting ban.



Republic of Srpska


• Status: on the list.

IUCN Red list:

• Least Concern (LC).


• Prohibited by a permanent hunting ban.



Bern Convention; Annex II & Annex IV, convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats

EU Habitats & Species Directive; Appendix III (Protected fauna species)

CITES; Appendix II, Annex A – not yet implemented!

No national management plan for LC

FB&H:

Federal Ministry of Environment and Tourism + cantonal ministries in 10 cantons as authorities for nature conservation;

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina still doesn’t have agency for nature conservation (regulated by Law on Nature Conservation, “Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13, chapter 189.);

RS:

Ministry of Agriculture, Water management and Forestry of Republic of Srpska;

Ministry of Spatial Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology of Republic of Srpska;

Republic Institute for Protection of cultural, historical and nature heritage of Republic of Srpska.

Monitoring problems:

• Losses of individuals in the road traffic (missing);

• Losses of diseases (missing);

• Losses of mines (missing);

• Damages (incomplete);

• Poaching - this is a typical taboo;

• Researching without governments financial support...

Available data:

• Statistical data about killing/culling

• Statistical data on number - incorrect – exaggerated

Personal engagement:

• Research work: collecting the samples, informations, personal conections (NGO, hunters, forest workers...)

• Every four-five years to conduct a survey of hunting and forestry organizations in areas of interest.

Documents

Large carnivores in Bos - Europa