Life-Cycle Cost & Concrete Durability - ACTS · Concrete’s Strong Points Concrete has been widely used as a major construction material due to its, •workability that enables casting

© 2011 KRYTON - CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY. | kryton.com

Alireza Biparva - B.Sc., M.A.Sc, LEED Green Associate

Research & Development Manager

Concrete Specialist

Life-Cycle Cost &

Concrete Durability


Kryton

Experts in Crystalline Concrete Waterproofing

• Founded in 1973

• Head Office - Vancouver, Canada




Construction Economics

Construction industry plays a vital role in the

economy of any nation. It employs largest

number of labour, materials and financial

resources.


1990

2007


Concrete ……

Concrete is the most used man-made material in the world.

Twice as much concrete is used around the world than the

total of all other building materials, including wood, steel,

plastic and aluminium.

Nearly 3000 kg used annually for each man, woman and

child.


Concrete’s Strong Points

Concrete has been widely used as a major construction material due to its,

• workability that enables casting of concrete

into different shapes

• adequate engineering properties

• easy availability of the basic materials

• economic

• and Durability.


HOW DURABLE IS CONCRETE?

Concrete is known as durable material

but

There is extensive evidence to show that concrete structures the world over are not meeting their designed service life due to

rapid deterioration.


In Europe, around 40-60% of the

construction budget is devoted to repair

and maintenance of existing structures.

In the United States alone, the total

annual repair costs associated with

concrete deterioration is estimated to be

$300 billion

For most industrialized nations, the

average corrosion cost is 3.5–4.5%

of the Gross national product (GNP).


Corrosion

Sulfate

AAR

Freeze/thaw WaterMajor

Deterioration Mechanisms


Water continues to damage or

completely destroy more building

and structure than war and natural

disasters.


Durability – Life Cycle Cost (LCC)

Water Permeability determines the rate of deterioration

Having a reliable water proofing is required to have a durable structure

Reducing repair and refurbished cost

Reduce Life Cycle cost(LCC – Initial cost, operations, maintenance, renewal and rehabilitation)


Concrete is a hard material.Why does concrete need waterproofing?


Wet Soil


Krystol Waterstop Treatment

Wet Soil



Wet Soil



Wet Soil


Concrete Waterproofing

Concrete Waterproofing


Traditional Waterproofing / Membrane

Surface Waterproofing

Sheet membranesFluid-applied membranes

Membrane forms a barrier against water penetration

Membrane



Wet Soil



Wet Soil


Surface Waterproofing LimitationsPremature Failure

Membrane failure stems from the following sources:

• Design errors

• Installation mistakes

• Membrane reaches the end of its effective service life


Waterproofing Solutions

Traditional waterproofing

Apply a barrier to the concrete

An alternate Solution is

Improve concrete matrix &

Make concrete the barrier


Integral Crystalline WaterproofingTechnology

The principles are similar to the Hydration of concrete.

• Untreated concrete

Cement + Water CSH + CH

• Treated concrete

Cement + Water CSH + CH

+ needle-shaped crystals

Crystalline Product


Comparison

Regular Concrete

ICW Concrete


Integral Crystalline Waterproofing Application New Structure - Admixture

ICW admixture can replace the need for external waterproofing membranes.

Admixture is added to concrete by weight of total cementitious content.

With ICW admixture, batch and deliver concrete as normal.


Integral Crystalline Waterproofing Krystol Admixture (KIM)

Crystalline waterproofing as an admixture was invented and pioneered by Kryton during the 1980’s.

• Powdered form

• Dose at 2% by weight of cementitious material

• Added directly to ready mix truck or at batch plant

• Is compatible with other concrete admixtures

• Effective against hydrostatic pressure.


Wet Soil


KIM

Reduce PermeabilityImprove Self-sealing Reduce Cracking

Durability

Longer Service Life Less Repair

More Sustainability

Lower Life Cycle Cost


Waterproofing Solutions / Comparison

External Internal

Usually it is more economical and dependable to resist liquid permeation

through the use of quality concrete, proper design of joint detail, and adequate

reinforcement, rather than by means of an impervious protective barrier or coating.

(ACI 350)


Concrete Durability Series Circuit


Mix DesignProduction

PlacingCuring

Concrete Durability Series Circuit con’t


Economics of Quality

Cost

Quality

Failure

Quality

Total


Economics of Quality

Cost

Quality

Failure

Quality

Total


No rich to buy cheap Save money / live better

Know When to Save and When to SpendConsider priorities

Life Cycle Cost / Quality

Lower initial cost Frequent repair

Shorter Service Life Higher LCC

Higher initial cost Less repair

Longer Service Life Lower LCC

Initial Cost / Budget


Ferrari Enzo can hit 100mph (160km/h) from a standing start in 7.2 seconds. How quick can it get down to zero from this speed?

4.3 Seconds


De Sitter’s Law of Fives

The law states

$1 spent designing and building the structure correctly

$5 spent when structure has been built but corrosion has

yet to start

$25 spent when corrosion has started at some points

$125 spent when corrosion is widespread.

To reduce Life Cycle Cost

1- Choose the right product and system &

2- Do it right the first time.

Think Quality


Thank you for your attention

Documents

Life-Cycle Cost & Concrete Durability - ACTS · Concrete’s Strong Points Concrete has been widely used as a major construction material due to its, •workability that enables casting