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Library Research SkillsCom 4114 Crisis CommunicationPresented by Teresa To, Subject Librarian for COM26 Feb 201411At the end of the session, you will learn the following:

Formulate search statement for the topic/case chosenIdentify information sources in order to locate information List criteria to evaluate sources of informationKnow the importance of citing sources of information

Intended Learning Outcomes2Case Study on Crisis Management3The Horse Meat ScandalHorse meat scandal blamed on 'pursuit of cheap foodhttp://www.farmersguardian.com/home/livestock/horse-meat-scandal-blamed-on-pursuit-of-cheap-food/53257.articlePublished: Farmers Guardian 8 Feb 2013IKEA Investigates Horse-Meat Meatballs, Files Report Against Supplierhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/05/ikea-horsemeat-meatballs_n_2811554.htmlPublished: The Huffington Post 05 Mar 2013Horse Meat Free and Back on the Menu: Ikea MeatballsHttp://www.cnbc.com/id/100578551Published: CNBC 21 Mar 20134Formulate Search StatementWhen an Event Occurs5

Meat products from across Europe have been found to be contaminated with horse meat - it is a scandal that says a lot about modern eating habits and the desire for ever cheaper processed food. In some cases, ready meals like beef lasagne, were found to contain up to 99 percent horsemeat.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-unmqKWD0EPublished on Feb 15, 2013Questions to Ask6Is this true?How do you verify the issue?What are people saying about it? What is the damage? If you were hired to manage the crisis, how would you rectify this situation?

Formulate a Search Statement7A search statement may consist of single words, phrases, and/or combined terms describing your topic that you will use to search for relevant information.

It applies to searching library catalogues for books, library databases for journal articles and search engines on the Internet (like Google) when you are looking for information on a topic.

7What are the public opinions on the horsemeat scandal?How Ikea managed the crisis?

Keywords/PhrasesAlternative TermsOpinionsBeliefsAttitudesHorsemeatScandalCrisis managementCrisis communicationHorse meatCrisisRisk managementRisk communicationCant you just type the above topic into a database?Yes, but you may not get accurate results i.e. too few or none.

This means that you may miss out on some useful information because this is not the most effective way to search for informationSearching Effectively

88Combining Your Keywords Use the Boolean operators And, Or, Not to combine keywords9OperatorsExampleRetrieved article must AND crisis and communicationHave BOTH termsORHorsemeat or Horse MeatHave one or more of the termsNOT

communication not verbalHave term communication but NOTthe term verbal9Make searching easy cut down the typingand get great results by using the truncation symbol, the asterisk*The Truncation Symbol *communication, communicated, communicates, communicating, etc.communicat* will find: 10Use quotation marks to search for a phrasee.g. Horse Meate.g. Crisis Communication

Using quotation marks ensures that you retrieve words in the exact order which means that you will find more relevant results.

11Phrase Searching12Identify Information Sources 13Same DayDay afterWeekMonth-YearYear(s) CloningAn Event Occurs Internet Radio TV Newspaper Journal Book Magazine Blog Listserv

Information Timeline13Daily LifePopular InformationAt CityU

WebsiteFacebookEmail

Book

Journal

DissertationScholarly informationWays to Collect and Share Information1414Why Not Just Use Google?15Web resources Google & other search enginesMore organized materials, selected, reviewed, and classified by librariansResources are updated regularlyLibrary resources are not free. The Library pays a fee for access to them. Many are available in full-text in electronic formatLinks may be dead, and information may be outdatedLibrary resourcesMore authoritative and reliable for academic purposes, including peer-reviewed and scholarly materials Free Internet resources may not be available in full-textMost resources on the Web are unfiltered. Information found using search engines does not go through a review process15Books16When to use them?When you want to find:an overview of a topiccomprehensive information on a topichistorical informationa summary of research on a topic

Books do not have the most recent information on a topic.Books do not usually focus on very specific, narrow topics.16How to Locate Books? 17The Library catalogue Two interfaces for your convenience

Library Catalogue 2.0A single search boxUse when you want to do a broad search to see what the Library has on your topic

Classic Library CatalogueSearch particular fields (e.g. author, title, call number, etc)Use when you want to conduct a more specific searchIts mobile!

17Journals18When to use them?

When you need Current research, scholarly research on a specific topic Scholarly journals

- When you needInformation about current events, opinions, and diverse topics of popular interests Magazines, Newspapers

Many Library-subscribed newspaper, magazine and journal articles are available only online via Library databases.

18Library Databases19When to use them?

When you need journal articles one.g. Horsemeat Scandal

Need to find research papers or articles in scholarly journals, newspapers or magazines but have no information about where to find the relevant papers or articles

Do not want to browse through each issue of a periodical to find articles relevant to a particular topic or to see the latest research

.Search one of the Librarys databasese.g. Communication & Mass Media Complete

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How to Access a DatabaseSelect the Databases tab on the Librarys home page.

Select your subject area to see a list of relevant databases20WiseNews21To search for information about your company, you can find relevant newspaper articles from sources like WiseNews.

Library homepage e-resources databases title list w WiseNews

To search, click on Wisers Information PortalWisers Information Portal22

Enter keywords horsemeat and horse meat

Change the date range to approx. when the crisis took place ex. 2013-01-01 2014-02-19

3. Select your region

4. Click Search

Result:Horsemeat scandal = 129horsemeat scandal = 97Horsemeat scandal and Ikea = 13Horsemeat scandal and Ikea = 6Company Information23Learn about your stakeholders by using Hoovers Company Profiles!Library homepage e-resources databases title list H Hoovers Company Profile

Enter the name of company and click the magnifying glass to search! Social Media

Social media. What is it?

Web based tools that are collectively referred to as social media.

Help people to share information, exchange ideas, and create content over the web.

Help people to connect to other people in a virtual environment.

24Provides a real time view i.e. information as it happens.

e.g. company disclosures, news, announcements, instant response to events, instant feedback.

MicroblogsTwitter, Tumblr, Sina Weibo, Tencent WeiboUsers send text based messages up to 140 characters known as tweetsBusiness NetworkLinkedInBusiness networks of professionals to share contacts, post jobs

Social NetworksFacebook, Google+, Renren, QzoneAllows users to connect to others, to share informationYouTube & other image sharing sitesFlickr, Instagram, YouTubeAllows users to share videos, imagesOther social media tools include: Blogs, Forums, Crowdsourced News, Geosocial Networks, Wikipedia, DIY sites.Source: Source: Hill, M. E. (2013) Marketing strategy: The thinking involved. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.

Social Media Tools2525Real Time Search Tools for Social MediaFree tools are available to help you search across a range of social media

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http://topsy.com/Search Tweets from 2006 onwards, images & links. Use it to track sentiment influencers e.g. top brandsInformation found in social media is not always reliable.

- unlike information found in sources such as the Librarys databases (academic journals, company profiles) or company web sites.

Doesnt represent everyones views - just those who like to use social media

Not every company or business organization has a presence on social mediaUse it with Caution in Your Research!Where to Start SearchingThis depends on the sort of information you needType of informationSourcesWhere to searchOverview/background info of a topicComprehensive information of a topicHistorical informationSummary of researchBooksRef books

Library catalogue, which indexes books and journalsCurrent eventsUp-to-the-minute informationMagazinesNewsLibrary databases, which index articlesSearch enginesCurrent researchScholarly research on a specific topicScholarly journalsLibrary databases when there is no citationLibrary catalogue when journal title is knownReal time information Not yet published in books/journalsSocial MediaSocial Media Tools272728Evaluate Information Sources Evaluate Information SourcesConsult the Beginning Your Research Guide: Library Homepage Research Guides Beginning Your Research

Access directly:http://libguides.library.cityu.edu.hk/research

29Ensure youre looking at the verified company page or product/brand page.

If possible, cross check information you find in social media in traditional sources. E.g. news sources/websites, business journals, company profiles. If you cant verify it use with caution in your research!

29Evaluate Information SourcesAccuracyIs the information based on proven facts (evidence provided)?Can the information be verified by other sources?Is the information well organized/logical? Are sources properly cited? Are they easy to locate and check to verify the information presented?AuthorityWho is the author qualifications or credentials?Is the information presented in an area of the authors known expertise? Is the author affiliated with a reputable university or organization in this subject field?ObjectivityWhat is the purpose of the information resource?Are the goals of the resource clearly statedDoes it argue an opinion or seek to influence opinion?Is the author affiliated with an organization that may advocate a particular viewpoint? Is the resource primarily for entertainment?CurrencyWhen was the information published?Does currency matter for your topic?Has the information been revised or updated in a later edition?CoverageWhat is the scope of the resource?Does it provide basic or in-depth coverage?Are there significant gaps in the coverage?Does the information covered meet your needs?303031Citing Sources of InformationWhy Should You Cite Information Sources?32Now youve found the sources: books, journal articles, or even web sourcesyou need to cite them because:

Other researchers may wish to read some of the journal articles, books or other sources that you have referred to when writing your research.

It proves that you have consulted research for your work, giving your assignment academic credibility.

It protects you from allegations of plagiarism.

Using other peoples ideas, whether they are from books, magazine or journal articles, non-print materials, Internet sources, etc., without acknowledging the sources is

Academic Dishonesty

32Plagiarism - Why Should You Care?33 The City University of Hong Kong Rules of Academic Honesty states:

Academic honesty is central to the conduct of academic work. Students are expected to present their own work, give proper acknowledgement of others work, and honestly report findings obtained.

City University of Hong Kong. (n.d.). Rules on academic honesty. Retrieved from http://www.cityu.edu.hk/provost/academic_honesty/rules_on_academic_honesty.htmIf you are studying or doing research in the academic world, you have to follow the rules.33Citing Information Sources - Citation Style34When someone elses ideas are used, from wherever they are (books, journals, websites, videos, lectures), always Cite the Information Sources

Citation style Use APA style to cite sources in your assignments or projectsAlways consult the latest edition and printingPublication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing

Consult the Beginning Your Research Guide: Library homepage Research Guides Citing Sources of InformationAccess directly: http://libguides.library.cityu.edu.hk/citing

34Activity Research on Another Case35

We will not place any further orders with our suppliers for products containing angora wool until we have concluded these visits [to farms] and reviewed the findingsMarks & Spencer statement

https://secure.peta.org/site/Advocacy?cmd=display&page=UserAction&id=5171Useful ResourcesNews Databases:WiseNewsFactivaPress releases of the company in questionArticles on stakeholder analysis/ public relation crisis:Communication & Mass Media CompleteCompany profiles:Hoovers Company ProfilesBusiness Source CompleteSocial MediaFacebook and blogs are great sources of public opinionsLibrary Research GuidesCiting Sources of InformationGeneral Information & More Resources for Course-related Library sessions Crisis Communication Research Guidehttp://libguides.library.cityu.edu.hk/crisiscommunication

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