LIAS Terrorism in Libya 020615

2 June 2015

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Beheadings, Car Bombings, and the Islamic States Expansion in Libya

Foreword

Terrorism and ISIS in particular is an existential threat not only to Libya but to the global

community. The murder of 21 Egyptian Coptic Christians in Sirte, Libya, the burning alive of

a Jordanian pilot in Syria, and the recent attacks in France and Copenhagen are only a small

portion of the heinous crimes committed by these criminals in the name of Islam.

The document you have in your hands lists the atrocities committed on a daily basis in Libya.

If these criminals are not dealt with, they will continue to murder, kidnap, extort, and

enslave innocent people with ever greater impunity.

LIAS will distribute these updates on a regular basis so that these crimes are widely reported

and these criminals exposed for what they really are.

Dr. Aref Ali Nayed

Chairman, Libyan Institute for Advanced Studies

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Table of Contents Glossary of Actors ........................................................................................................................ 4

Organizations ........................................................................................................................... 4

Individuals ................................................................................................................................ 4

Locations .................................................................................................................................. 4

Map of Libya and Provinces ........................................................................................................ 5

Map of Libyan Population Density ............................................................................................. 6

Definition of Categorized Events ................................................................................................ 7

Violence in Libya .......................................................................................................................... 8

Libyan Body Count ...................................................................................................................... 9

Islamic State Events Over Time .................................................................................................. 9

ISIS Background, Situation, Expansion, and Strategy in Libya ............................................... 10

Overview ................................................................................................................................. 10

Situation ................................................................................................................................. 10

Expansion ................................................................................................................................ 11

Strategy .................................................................................................................................... 12

Conclusions ............................................................................................................................. 13

Terrorist Activity in Libya .......................................................................................................... 15

Week of 31 May 2015 .............................................................................................................. 15

Week of 24 May 2015 .............................................................................................................. 19

Week of 17 May 2015 .............................................................................................................. 27

Week of 10 May 2015 ............................................................................................................. 38

Week of 3 May 2015 ............................................................................................................... 45

Week of 26 April 2015 ............................................................................................................ 52

Week of 19 April 2015 ............................................................................................................ 58

Week of 12 April 2015 ............................................................................................................ 65

Week of 5 April 2015 .............................................................................................................. 67

Week of 29 March 2015 ......................................................................................................... 72

Week of 22 March 2015 ......................................................................................................... 74

Week of 15 March 2015 ........................................................................................................... 77

Week of 8 March 2015 ........................................................................................................... 82

Week of 1 March 2015 ............................................................................................................ 85

Week of 22 February 2015 ..................................................................................................... 88

Week of 15 February 2015....................................................................................................... 91

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Week of 8 February 2015 ....................................................................................................... 94

Week of 1 February 2015 ....................................................................................................... 98

Week of 25 January 2015 ..................................................................................................... 100

Week of 18 January 2015 ..................................................................................................... 102

Week of 11 January 2015 ...................................................................................................... 104

Week of 4 January 2015 ....................................................................................................... 105

Week of 28 December 2014 ................................................................................................. 106

Week of 21 December 2014................................................................................................... 107

Week of 14 December 2014 ................................................................................................. 108

Week of 7 December 2014 ................................................................................................... 108

Week of 30 November 2014 ................................................................................................ 108

Week of 23 November 2014 ................................................................................................. 108

Week of 16 November 2014 ................................................................................................. 109

Week of 9 November 2014 .................................................................................................... 110

Week of 2 November 2014 .................................................................................................... 113

Week of 19 October 2014 ...................................................................................................... 113

Week of 5 October 2014 ........................................................................................................ 114

Week of 7 September 2014 ................................................................................................... 114

Week of 17 August 2014 ........................................................................................................ 114

Week of 20 July 2014 ............................................................................................................ 114

Week of 15 June 2014 ........................................................................................................... 115

Week of 16 March 2014 ......................................................................................................... 115

Main Hubs of ISIS Activity ....................................................................................................... 116

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Glossary of Actors

Organizations Libya Dignity The military operation led by General Khalifa Haftar commanding the

Libyan Army to rid Benghazi of Islamist militias, he is allied to the internationally recognized

House of Representatives in Tobruk.

Libya Dawn A coalition of militias based in Tripoli and Misrata, currently under the

command of the now defunct General National Congress.

Libya Sunrise A faction of Libya Dawn, they are the armed units operating in western

Libya, stationed in Bin Jawad. Currently, Operation Sunrise is attempting to seize the As Sidr

and Ras Lanuf oil terminals from the Libyan National Army.

Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi (AAS) aka Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries

Islamic Militia

Islamic State in Cyrenaica (Barqa) - (MSSI) Majlis Shura Shabab al-Islam Islamic

Militia in Derna, associated with ISIL, largest ISIL affiliate

Islamic State in Tripolitania Islamic Militia, associated with ISIL

Islamic State in Fezzan Islamic Militia, associated with ISIL

Individuals Khalifa Haftar Head of Operation Libya Dignity, allied to HoR, currently leading the

Libyan Army against Islamist militias in Benghazi

Wissam bin Humaid Commander of Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries (AAS)

Mohammed al-Zahawi Former Commander of Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi, killed in

January 2015

Abu Taleb al-Jazrawey Yemeni Emir of Islamic State in Derna

Locations Tripolitania (aka Tarabulus) NW province, capital is Tripoli

Cyrenaica (aka Barqa) Eastern Province, capital is Benghazi

Fezzan Southern Province, capital Sebha

Derna Eastern port city, IS headquarters and training center

Sirte Central port city, IS in Tripolitania headquarters (Ouagadougou Conference Center)

Bayda Eastern city, Home to Al-Thinnis cabinet and Constitutional Drafting Assembly

Bin Jawad Central city, frontline for the As Sidr and Ras Lanuf oil terminal battles

Sabratha City west of Tripoli, stronghold for IS in Tripolitania

Sebha Southwestern city, capital of Fezzan, likely the headquarters for IS in Fezzan

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Map of Libya and Provinces

MAP 1 - PROVINCES OF LIBYA

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Map of Libyan Population Density

MAP 2 - LIBYAN POPULATION DENSITY MAP

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Definition of Categorized Events

Armed Clashes Battles or skirmishes between two armed organizations using but not

limited to light, medium, and heavy weaponry.

Beheading The act of execution by decapitation.

Human Rights Violations Acts committed by a group or individual that deliberately

disregard moral principles or norms outlined in international laws such as the United

Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Kidnapping The forceful abduction and detention of an individual or group.

Murder The act of intentionally killing another human, this includes targeted killings and

assassinations.

Propaganda/Recruitment The production of media to deliberately spread the

principles or doctrines of an organization in the attempt to further that organizations

agenda.

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Violence in Libya

MAP 3 - VIOLENT DEATHS BY LOCATION

MAP 4 - IS EVENTS BY LOCATION

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Libyan Body Count

Islamic State Events Over Time

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Jul Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

2014 2015

Violence Against Civilians - Shelling

Violence Against Civilians - Murder

Violence Against Civilians - Kidnapping

Violence Against Civilians - Human

Rights Violation

Violence Against Civilians - Car Bomb

Violence Against Civilians - Beheading

Violence Against Civilians -

Assassination

Non-Violent Activity by a Conflict Actor

- Propaganda/Recruitment

Non-Violent Activity by a Conflict Actor

- Destruction of Property

Headquarters or Base Establishment

Battle - No Change of Location Control

- Car Bomb

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

2014 2015

Violent Deaths Over Time

Total

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ISIS Background, Situation, Expansion, and Strategy in Libya

Overview

The launch of Operation Dawn in July 2014 by militias based in Tripoli and Mistrata,

provided the catalyst to sufficiently destabilize Libyas already fragile political and security

situation. During this time, elements of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, long present

in eastern Libya, seized the opportunity to advance their own agenda. Over the past six

months, IS in Libya has grown from a small group of jihadists in Derna, allegedly sent in

mid-September 2014 by ISIL leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, to an increasingly dangerous

force, with bases of operation within all three of historical provinces in Libya.

Situation

The beheading of 21 Egyptian

Coptic Christians in a video

released on 15 February shows

that the Islamic State in Iraq and

Syria (ISIS) has considerable

influence outside areas originally

declared in their caliphate. The

video, released by ISISs al-Hayat

Media Center, shows the

execution and beheading of 21

Egyptians by militants belonging

to ISISs Wilayat al-Tarabulus, or Tripoli Province of the caliphate. Following the

beheadings, the leader of the group declares, in clear English, that Wilayat al-Tarbabulus will

be the base for ISISs planned advance on Rome.

In later videos, ISIS members announce their desire to use Libya as a platform for future

expansion and attacks against Europe, notably Italy. An essay written by a prominent ISIS

supporter outlines ISISs plans for Libya. The author calls Libya a strategic gateway for the

Islamic State. The essay states that Libya, by the permission of God, is the key to Tunisia,

Sudan, Mali, Algeria, and Niger too. It is the anchor from which can be reached Africa and

the Islamic Maghreb. However, for this dream to become a reality we must move quickly.

PHOTO 1 IS LEADER ABU SULEIMAN AL-JAHBATHY THREATENS ROME

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Finally the author states, (Libya) has a long coastline and looks upon the southern Crusader

states, which can be reached with ease by even a rudimentary boat and note that the number

of illegal immigration trips from this coast is massive, estimated to be as high as 500 people

a day, as a low estimate. According to many [of these immigrants], it is easily possible to

pass through Maritime Security Checkpoints and arrive in cities. If this was even partially

exploited and developed strategically, pandemonium could be wrought in the southern

Europe. It is even possible that there could be a closure of shipping lines because of the

targeting of Crusader ships and tankers.

Expansion

After the 2011 revolution, portions of the eastern city of Darnah, a city known for its

sympathies for fundamentalist religious groups, had been under the control of Majlis Shura

Shabab al-Islam (MSSI). Members of MSSI appear to have been the conduit for ISIS

representatives to enter eastern Libya. Reports on social media website began showing

members of MSSI implementing hisba (accountability patrols) throughout the city, in a

manner mirroring patrols by ISIS members in Mosul and Raqqa. These patrols were the first

tendrils of ISISs presence in Libya. By mid-September 2014 photos posted to social media

sites showed several large ISIS parades throughout Darnah. On 3 October 2014, members of

MSSI held a large rally in the center of Darnah declaring baya (allegiance) to ISIS and its

leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. It was later noted by Atlantic Council research fellow

Mohamed Eljarh that a Saudi Arabian named Abu Habib Al-Jazrawi was declared emir of the

newly created Wilayat Darnah. This declaration has become the first substantial foothold for

ISIS outside of Iraq and Syria. ISIS representatives have used Darnah as a springboard to

spread its influence throughout the other provinces of Libya.

The continued political and military chaos in Libya following the ouster of Muammar

Gaddafi in 2011 has provided an ideal situation for extremist organizations such as ISIS to

expand throughout Libya. In the months following MSSIs declaration of allegiance to ISIS in

October, attacks attributed to other ISIS related groups have occurred across all regions of

Libya.

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During the week of 9 November

2014, three car bombings and four

beheadings were carried out by

groups affiliated with ISIS in the

eastern province of Barqa.

In December 2014, IS affiliates of the

Tarabulus province took credit for

car bombings outside of the

Diplomatic Security Headquarters in

Tripoli, later detonating a car bomb

outside of the Embassy of Algeria. Later

that month, ISIS in Sirte kidnapped a

group of Egyptian Coptic Christians.

On 3 January, members of ISIS in Fezzan, Libyas southern promise, attacked a Libyan Army

checkpoint in Sokhna, killing 14 soldiers and two cooks while they were sleeping.

Since then, ISIS affiliates have increased the diversity and lethality of their attacks. ISIS

members in Libya have taken credit for the attack on the Corinthia hotel in Tripoli, the

beheading of 21 Egyptian Coptic Christians, and the coordinated car bombing of three

locations in Qubbah. ISIS in Libya has repeatedly demonstrated a willingness to target both

civilians and government officials.

Strategy

Aaron Zelin, Richard Barrow Fellow for the Washington Institute for Near East Policy,

recently stated that ISIS in Libya seems to be attempting to follow the same tactics it so

effectively employed in Iraq and Syria last June. Unlike its predecessor al-Qaeda, ISIS has

effectively used media sharing websites such as JustPasteIt, Manbar, and Twitter to

continually update its supporters and potential recruits that it is active in the areas under its

control. These press releases not only show the results of attacks by ISIS affiliates

throughout Libya, but also show the same organizations proselytizing (dawah) children and

the poor. Like in Iraq and Syria, the considerably well produced media publications have

been used as a powerful tool to build both community support for the group and attract

foreign recruits.

PHOTO 2 - A MAP SHOWING THE THREE PROVINCES TO BE GOVERNED BY ISIS IN

EASTERN, WESTERN, AND SOUTHERN LIBYA.

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In regards to recruitment, ISIS

has recently launched a large

campaign to funnel fighters

from other extremist groups

within Libya. Again, this

follows a similar tactic

employed by ISIS in Syria,

attracting fighters from similar

organizations such as Jahbat al-

Nusra and recruiting them to fight

for the Islamic State. The Islamic

State in Libyas largest target has been Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi. ISIS has released a series

of statements urging the seasoned fighters of Ansar al-Sharia to join ISISs ranks. This

campaign seems to have started following the announcement of the death of Ansar al-

Sharias leader, Mohammed al-Zahawi. A video released on 27 February 2015 shows an ISIS

fighter calling for supporters to travel to Libya and fight.

Other analysts note that ISIS is using Libya as a regional command center and a launching

point for further expansion. Large stockpiles of Gaddafi-era weapons can be found

throughout Libya. In addition, porous borders allow ISIS to easily smuggle fighters from

neighboring countries. On 25 February, Libyas Tripoli based government abolished entry

visas for Algerian and Moroccan nationals. Over 2,000 Moroccans and Algerians are thought

to be currently fighting with ISIS.

Finally, ISIS attacks on Libyan oil facilities may suggest their desire to control portions of

Libyas lucrative oil resources. It is estimated that ISIS in Iraq and Syria generated up to $2

million per day from illegal oil exports. A similar strategy in Libya would provide substantial

funding.

Conclusions

As noted in the 5th edition of ISISs online magazine Dabiq, its largest foreign base of support

is Libya. The drastic increase in bombings, kidnappings, and beheadings throughout Libya

by organizations allied to ISIS seems to have proven these claims true. ISIS in Libya has been

able to take advantage of the nations post-revolutionary political turmoil to establish a base

of support, though to a lesser degree, using the same tactics as in Iraq and Syria. Like in Iraq

and Syria, ISIS in Libya has been able to recruit foreign fighters to join its ranks, as seen at

the Corinthia Hotel. Given heavy military setbacks in Kobane and Mosul, coupled with ISISs

PHOTO 3 - A PHOTO FROM AN ISIS PUBLICATION URGING ANSAR AL-SHARIA MEMBERS TO PLEDGE BAYA TO ABU BAKR AL-BAGHDADI. THE MEN ARE

SHOWN WEARING THE LOGO OF ANSAR AL-SHARIA IN BENGHAZI.

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heavy campaigning for immigration by ISIS officials, ISIS members have turned to Libya as

its next area of expansion. Without international cooperation with Libyas recognized

government, ISIS will continue to flourish in Northern Africa.

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Terrorist Activity in Libya

Week of 31 May 2015 Benghazi On 2 June 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a eulogy for an

Egyptian man called Abu Abdullah al-Masri. According to the eulogy, Al-Masri was an ex-

Egyptian Army officer who trained terrorists in a number of other countries, came to

Benghazi to join Ansar al-Sharia, and died fighting for the Islamic State.i

PHOTO 4 - ABU ABDULLAH AL-MASRI

Nawfaliyah On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its

members performing hisba activities in Nawfaliyah. The photos show IS militants gathering

and later burning prohibited cassette tapes, alcohol, and other items believed to be

associated with magic.ii

PHOTO 5 - IS COLLECTS AND BURNS MUNKARAT (PROHIBITED ITEMS)

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Lamluda On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its 28 May

attack on the Lamluda Checkpoint in eastern Libya. The photo dump contains photos of

confiscated weapons, dead soldiers, and the man beheaded and paraded around the streets

of Derna.iii

PHOTO 6 - IS PROPAGANDIZES BEHEADING

Sirte On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania eulogized Abu Wahib al-Tunsi for

carrying out a VBIED attack on the Dafniya checkpoint in Misrata.

PHOTO 7 IS EULOGIZES ABU WAHIB AL-TUNISI

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Sirte On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a VBIED attack on the

well-known Dafniya checkpoint in Misrata.iv

PHOTO 8 - AFTERMATH OF IS CAR BOMB

Nawfaliyah On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its

members distributing propaganda in Nawfaliyah.v

PHOTO 9 - IS DISTRIBUTING PROPAGANDA

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Benghazi On 31 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its members

taking up defensive positions in the Sabri neighborhood of Benghazi.vi

PHOTO 10 - IS MILITANTS IN BENGHAZI

Benghazi On 31 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia released photos of its members shelling the

Libyan Army in Benghazi. According to the photo dump, Ansar al-Sharia developed a new

rocket launcher called the Zahawi-1.vii

PHOTO 11 - AAS'S ZAHAWI-1

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Week of 24 May 2015 Derna On 29 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania publicly executed two men at the

Sahaba Mosque in Derna.viii

PHOTO 12 - IS EXECUTES "APOSTATES"

Sirte On 29 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed to have taken over the

Gardabya Air Base and Great Manmade River Camp in Sirte. Reports from both social and

traditional media state that IS defeated Operation Libya Dawns 166 Battalion and 136

Battalion.ix

PHOTO 13 - IS DEFEATS LIBYA DAWN

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Derna On 29 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out two VBIED attacks in

the Sidi Khaled neighborhood of Derna.x

Derna On 28 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica captured and beheaded a Libyan

soldier by the name of Ehab Faraj Asholwatiya. Photos from social media show that

Asholwatiya's body was attached to a vehicle and driven around Derna.xi

PHOTO 14 - IS BEHEADS SOLDIER

Benghazi On 28 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia released photos of its members fighting the

Libyan Army in Benghazi. The photo dump also included photos of various beheaded Libyan

soldiers.xii

PHOTO 15 - AAS BEHEADS SOLDIER

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Benghazi On 28 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of one of its

training camps in Benghazi.xiii

PHOTO 16 - IS TRAINING CAMP IN BENGHAZI

Ain Marah On 27 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica posted photos of its members

using 120mm mortars against Libyan Army forces in Ain Marah.xiv

PHOTO 17 - IS MILITANT LOADING 120MM MORTAR

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Nawfaliyah On On 27 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its

defensive positions in and around Nawfaliyah.xv

PHOTO 18 - IS CHECKPOINT IN NAWFALIYAH

An Nawwaqiyah On 27 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of a

raid carried out on a Libyan Army camp. According to the photo dump, the raid took place

south of Benghazi in the village of An Nawwaqiyah.xvi

PHOTO 19 - CAPTURED ARMY MATERIEL

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Benghazi On 27 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of its

Environmental Protection Department clearing the streets of debris with a bulldozer and

dump truck.xvii

PHOTO 20 - AAS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DEPARTMENT

Derna On 26 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of a sandstorm in

Derna.xviii

PHOTO 21 - SANDSTORM IN DERNA

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Sirte On 26 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its members

fighting against Operation Libya Dawn's 166 Battalion. The clashes took place on the

outskirts of Sirte.xix

PHOTO 22 - IS CELEBRATES VICTORY AGAINST LIBYA DAWN


firing large caliber mortars in Benghazi.xx

PHOTO 23 - IS USING 120MM MORTARS

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Benghazi On 26 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of recently

deceased foreign fighters in Benghazi. Reports from social media suggest that the men were

from Egypt, Tunisia, and Saudi Arabia.xxi

PHOTO 24 - EULOGIZED FOREIGN FIGHTER

Derna On 25 May 2015, the Islamic Statein Cyrenaica released photos of its media center

in Derna. The new media center features a small, outdoor cinema and a booth for

distributing propaganda.xxii

PHOTO 25 - IS MEDIA CENTER IN DERNA

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Benghazi On 25 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a photo of a beheaded

Libyan soldier in Benghazi.xxiii

PHOTO 26 - IS BEHEADS LIBYAN SOLDIER

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Week of 17 May 2015 Harawa On 23 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica posted photos of its members

taking up defensive positions against the Libyan Army in Harawa.xxiv

PHOTO 27 - IS FIGHTERS IN HARAWA

Benghazi On 23 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of its "Sheikh

Abu Musab Al-Zahawi" sniper camp.xxv Trainees can be seen using photos of General Khalifa

Haftar and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi as targets.

PHOTO 28 - AAS SNIPER CAMP IN BENGHAZI

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using mortars against the Libyan Army in Benghazi.xxvi

PHOTO 29 - IS USING MORTAR AGAINST LIBYAN ARMY

Derna On 23 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of civilians being

publicly flogged in Derna.xxvii

PHOTO 30 - IS FLOGS CIVILIANS IN DERNA

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Benghazi On 23 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of civilians

being publicly flogged in Benghazi.xxviii

PHOTO 31 - IS FLOGS CIVILIANS IN BENGHAZI

Sirte On 22 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos showing its

members driving a tank in Sirte. According to reports from social media, the tank was taken

from the Al-Jalet military compound after Libya Dawn fled the area.xxix

PHOTO 32 - IS COMMANDEERS LIBYA DAWN TANK

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Sirte On 22 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its troops

patrolling the streets of Sirte.xxx

PHOTO 33 - IS MILITANTS PATROLLING SIRTE

Unspecified On 22 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos

promoting its booby-trapping workshops. The release does not specify the location of the

workshops, but they most likely took place in Sirte.xxxi

PHOTO 34 - IS IED WORKSHOP

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Benghazi On 21 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi posted photos of ammunition,

body armor, and weapons seized from the Libyan Army.xxxii

PHOTO 35 - AAS SEIZES ARMY SUPPLIES

Misrata On 21 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a VBIED attack on

Misratas Checkpoint 60. Reports from social media claim that a man called Abu Hafs Al-

Muhajer carried out the attack.xxxiii

PHOTO 36 - ABU HAFS AL-MUJAHER PRIOR TO DETONATION

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Sirte On 20 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos showing a victory

against Operation Libya Dawn's 166 Battalion. According to reports from social media, IS

militants also pushed the 166 Battalion out of Al-Jalet military compound.xxxiv

PHOTO 37 - IS CELEBRATES VICTORY OVER LIBYA DAWN

Harawa On 20 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out a VBIED attack on

the eastern checkpoint in Harawa.xxxv Reports from social media claim that a Sudanese man

called Abu Abdallah Sudany carried out the attack.

PHOTO 38 - IS CLAIMS VBIED IN HARAWA

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Benghazi On 20 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos promoting the

work done by its Department of Education.xxxvi

PHOTO 39 - AAS EDUCATES CHILDREN IN BENGHAZI

Al-Qubbah On 19 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out a VBIED attack on

a security checkpoint in the eastern city of Al-Qubbah, killing one and injuring seven others.

The group later released photos claiming responsibility for the attack. According to reports

from social media, a man called Hamid Yousef Saleh Suleiman (nom de guerre: Mujahid Al-

Dernawi) carried out the attack.xxxvii

PHOTO 40 - MUJAHID AL-DERNAWI PRIOR TO DETONATION

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Nawfaliyah On 19 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of

mujahideen in Nawfaliyah celebrating the fall of Ramadi, Iraq.xxxviii

PHOTO 41 - IS EXTREMISTS CELEBRATING IN NAWFALIYAH

Sirte On 19 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of mujahideen in

Sirte celebrating the fall of Ramadi, Iraq.xxxix

PHOTO 42 - IS EXTREMISTS CELEBRATING IN SIRTE

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Derna On 19 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of Dernawi citizens

celebrating the fall of Ramadi, Iraq.xl

PHOTO 43 - CHILD CELEBRATING IN DERNA

Derna On 19 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a highlight reel of its

"Beginning and End" childrens camp in Derna.xli

PHOTO 44 - COLLAGE FROM IS YOUTH RETREAT

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Benghazi On 18 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of a weapon

cache the group had allegedly seized from the Libyan Army.xlii

PHOTO 45 - AAS DISPLAYS SEIZED WEAPONS AND AMMO

Misrata On 17 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed responsibility for a

VBIED attack on a Libya Dawn headquarters in Misrata.xliii

PHOTO 46 - IS CLAIMS VBIED ATTACK IN MISRATA

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Derna On 17 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Derna released a set of photos showing its

militants securing the southern road that connects Tobruk to Derna.xliv

PHOTO 47 - AAS MONITORS ROAD TO DERNA

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Week of 10 May 2015 Derna On 16 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Derna released a set of photos showing a

recent aid distribution campaign. In what appears to be a new tactic, Ansar al-Sharia applied

branding to bottles of holy water and olive oil.xlv

PHOTO 48 - AAS BRANDED WATER AND HONEY

Sirte On 15 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its troops using

a 106mm anti-tank weapon against members of Operation Libya Dawn.xlvi

PHOTO 49 - IS USES 106MM AGAINST LIBYA DAWN

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Harawa On 14 may 2014, the Islamic State in Tripolitania kidnapped and beheaded two

men from the central city of Harawa. According to reports from traditional and social media,

IS militants raided the city sometime after dawn, kidnapped the men, and then beheaded

them in the nearby IS stronghold of Nawfaliyah.xlvii

PHOTO 50 - IS BEHEADS MEN FROM NAWFALIYAH

Benghazi On 14 May 2014, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a video showing the

destruction of a Libyan Army tank.xlviii

PHOTO 51 - AAS DESTROYS LIBYAN ARMY TANK

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Derna On 14 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica publicly flogged three men on

charges of giving false testimonies in Derna.xlix

PHOTO 52 - IS PUBLICLY PUNISHES CITIZENS

Benghazi On 14 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a set of photos

suggesting that the group used a tank against the Libyan Army.l

PHOTO 53 - AAS UTILIZES TANK AGAINST LIBYAN ARMY

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Benghazi - On 14 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its most

recent targeted shelling of Benghazi. According to the captioning, the Islamic State targeted

the Beloun neighborhood the location in which at least three children died from mortar

shells.li

PHOTO 54 - IS IN BENGHAZI PREPARES MORTAR ROUNDS

Nawfaliyah - On 14 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its

members burning contraband cigarettes in the city of Nawfaliyah.lii

PHOTO 55 - IS IN NAWFALIYAH BURNS CONTRABAND

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Sirte On 14 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its military

fortifications on Airport Road in Sirte. The photos showcase checkpoints, anti-air units, and

foot patrols.liii

PHOTO 56 - IS CHECKPOINT IN SIRTE

Derna On 13 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Derna released photos of additional rallies held

for children. According to the propaganda, the contests and entertainment were held to

alleviate the stress put upon the children by the Libyan Army.liv

PHOTO 57 - AAS INDOCTRINATES CHILDREN IN DERNA

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Sirte On 11 May 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its dawah

activities in Sirte.lv

PHOTO 58 - IS IN SIRTE DISTRIBUTES BROCHURES

Benghazi On 10 May 2015, the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries released a

promotional video of its military activities in the Sabri neighborhood of Benghazi.lvi

PHOTO 59 - SCREENCAP FROM SCBR PROMO

44


Unspecified On 10 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Libya released a video suggesting that

the group sent humanitarian aid to Sudan.lvii

PHOTO 60 - SUDANESE MAN IN KHARTOUM THANKS AAS

45


Week of 3 May 2015 Benghazi On 9 May 2015, the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries released photos

of their BM-21 Grad launch vehicle.lviii

PHOTO 61 - SCBR SHOWS OFF BM-21 GRAD

Derna On 9 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Derna released photos of a rally held for

children. According to the propaganda, the contests and entertainment were held in order to

alleviate the stress put upon the children by the Libyan Army.lix

PHOTO 62 - AAS IN DERNA INDOCTRINATES CHILDREN

46


Unspecified On 9 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Libya released the 10th edition of its

periodical. Produced by Al Raya Media Foundation, this edition not only highlights Ansar al-

Sharia's services in Benghazi and Derna, but also calls attention to the lives of Al-Qaida

members Nasr bin Ali Al-Ansi and Atiyatallah Al-Libi.lx

PHOTO 63 - AAS EULOGIZES AQ LEADERSHIP

Benghazi and environs On 8 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrencaica released a video

highlighting its battles against the Libyan Army in the Leithi neighborhood of Benghazi. The

video begins with IS militants pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, transitions to

what appears to be the execution of Tunisian journalists Soufian Chourabi and Nadhir Ktari,

and concludes with the mass execution of unknown individuals.lxi

PHOTO 64 - IS REVEALS EXECUTION OF TUNISIAN JOURNALISTS

47


Derna On 7 May 2015, the Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna released a video

showing the group's battles against the Libyan Army. Towards the end of the video, Saad Al-

Tayra one of the groups leaders challenges General Khalifa Haftar to approach Derna.lxii

PHOTO 65 - SAAD AL-TAYRA CALLS OUT HAFTAR

Ajdabiya On 7 May 2015, the newly formed Shura Council of Ajdabiya Revolutionaries

released a promotional video highlighting the group's presence in Ajdabiya. The video

features a convoy of technicals adorned with black standards parading through the city.lxiii

PHOTO 66 - CAVALCADE OF SHURA COUNCIL TRUCKS IN AJDABIYA

48



highlighting its Islamic Police. This release claims that Ansar al-Sharia's Islamic Police

confiscated stolen goods and intend to prosecute those who are responsible.lxiv

PHOTO 67 - AAS ISLAMIC POLICE IN BENGHAZI

Derna On 7 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos showcasing

their hisba activities in Derna. This release features Islamic State militants gathering and

burning cigarettes, hashish, and water pipes.lxv

PHOTO 68 - IS BURNS CONTRABAND

49


Derna - On 7 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos highlighting the

aftermath of Libyan Air Force airstrikes in Derna.lxvi

MAP 5 - IS IN DERNA VILLAINIZES LIBYAN AIR FORCE

Benghazi On 6 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

showcasing the extremist groups use of underground tunnels in the Sabri district of

Benghazi.lxvii

PHOTO 69 - IS UTILIZES TUNNELS UNDER BENGHAZI

50


Benghazi On 5 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a video promoting its self-

declared Department of Transport. The video features masked extremists repairing a

technical in front of Ansar al-Sharia's black standard. One interviewee points out that jihad

can be carried out in many ways, including fixing cars.lxviii

PHOTO 70 - AAS PROMOTES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT

Benghazi On 3 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of a public

execution carried out in Benghazi. According to reports from social media, the Islamic State

executed the man on charges of sorcery.lxix

PHOTO 71 - IS EXECUTES ALLEGED SORCERER

51



highlighting its maintenance of downed electrical lines. In this release, Ansar al-Sharia

claims that its men are beginning a new phase in upgrading the nation's infrastructure.lxx

PHOTO 72 - AAS PROMOTES DEPARTMENT OF SERVICES

52


Week of 26 April 2015 Unspecified On 2 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia's Al Raya Media Foundation published the

ninth edition of its newspaper. The newspaper is a compilation of Ansar al-Sharia's recent

propaganda.

PHOTO 73 - AAS RELEASES 9TH NEWSPAPER

Benghazi On 2 May 2015, the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries released a set of

photos showing, mujahideen relaxing with a game of football in as-Sabri. The photos show

masked extremists playing football under the protection of armed children.lxxi

PHOTO 74 - SCBR RELAXES BY PLAYING FOOTBALL

53


Benghazi On 1 May 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a set of photos promoting

a newly opened health center. According to the release, Ansar al-Sharia's Health Bureau

oversees operations at the new facility.lxxii

PHOTO 75 - AAS PROMOTES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

Derna On 1 May 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica executed three men near Dernas

central square. According to the Libya Herald, the men, accused of being homosexuals, were

shot and killed outside of the Ateeq Mosque.lxxiii

PHOTO 76 - IS EXECUTES ALLEGED HOMOSEXUALS

54


Benghazi On 30 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a set of photos

promoting its Fire Department. According to Ansar al-Sharia, their services were required in

order to put out a fire started by the Libyan Army.lxxiv

PHOTO 77 - AAS DEPLOYS FIRE TRUCK IN BENGHAZI

Benghazi On 29 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of a member's

wedding. The ceremony allegedly took place in the Guwarsha neighborhood of Benghazi.lxxv

PHOTO 78 - ANSAR AL-SHARIA WEDDING IN BENGHAZI

55


Derna On 28 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos promoting

life in the city of Derna.lxxvi

PHOTO 79 - IS PROMOTES IDYLLIC LIFE IN DERNA

Sirte On 28 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of their members

patrolling the streets of Sirte.lxxvii

PHOTO 80 - IS IN SIRTE PATROLS THE STREETS

56


Tripoli/Sirte On 28 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video

highlighting a VBIED attack that was carried out in February 2015. The video, recorded

outside of the Ouagadougou Conference Center in Sirte, calls for foreigners to join the

Islamic State's ranks.

PHOTO 81 - IS MILITANT URGES FOREIGNERS TO COME TO LIBYA

Benghazi On 27 April 2015, the Islamic State in Benghazi released a set of photos

showcasing the destruction of items considered to be haram, namely cigarettes.lxxviii

PHOTO 82 - IS BURNS CIGARETTES IN BENGHAZI

57


Benghazi On 26 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi eulogized Al-Qaida in the

Islamic Maghrebs (AQIM) Abu Masoud Miloud Sdaqa.lxxix According to the eulogy, Sdaqa

died fighting against the Libyan Army in Benghazi.lxxx

PHOTO 83 - AAS MOURNS AQIM'S SDAQA

58


Week of 19 April 2015 Benghazi On 25 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

promoting their military activity against the Libyan Army in Benghazi.lxxxi

PHOTO 84 - IS MILITANT USES RIFLE GRENADE

Sirte On 24 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos showing

Friday prayers at the Rabat Mosque in Sirte. The Islamic State in Sirte's spiritual leader,

Hussein Al-Karamy, makes an appearance in this release.lxxxii

PHOTO 85 - HUSSEIN AL-KARAMY SPEAKS AT FRIDAY PRAYERS

59


Benghazi - On 23 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

showing a recently graduated group of IS militants. According to the release, the men and

children in the photos are a new batch of recruits for the fight against the Libyan Army in

Benghazi.lxxxiii

PHOTO 86 - IS MILITANTS INDOCTRINATE YOUNG BOY

Sirte On 23 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released propaganda stating that

Operation Libya Dawn indiscriminately shelled innocent Muslims in Sirte.lxxxiv

PHOTO 87 -IS BLAMES LIBYA DAWN FOR DESTRUCTION

60


Tripoli On 22 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed responsibility for the

IED attack on the Spanish Embassy. The embassy, located in the Ben Ashour district of

Tripoli, was targeted on the night of 20 April. No one was injured in the attack.lxxxv

PHOTO 88 - IS CLAIMS EMBASSY BOMBING

Sirte On 22 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos

showcasing the city of Sirte.lxxxvi

PHOTO 89 - IS PROMOTES IDYLLIC LIFE IN SIRTE

61


Derna On 21 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos showing the

distribution of informational pamphlets throughout Derna.lxxxvii

PHOTO 90 - IS DISTRIBUTES PROPAGANDA IN DERNA

Benghazi On 20 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its most

recent military activities in Benghazi, specifically the Sabri neighborhood. This set of photos

highlights the Islamic State's use of heavy machine guns against the Libyan Army.

PHOTO 91 - IS IN BENGHAZI ENGAGES IN SABRI DISTRICT

62


Benghazi On 20 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of aid

distribution throughout Benghazi.

PHOTO 92 - CHILDREN IN BENGHAZI RECEIVE FOOD FROM AAS

Derna On 20 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica engaged in clashes with the Harir

Al-Mansouri family. After roughly 12 hours of clashes, the Islamic State defeated the entire

family and hung three of their bodies in Derna as a deterrent to others.lxxxviii

PHOTO 93 - IS HANGS BROTHERS IN DERNA

63


Derna On 19 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of the group

publically punishing a man accused of theft. In the set of photos, IS extremists chop of the

hands of a Dernawi citizen.lxxxix

PHOTO 94 - IS DISMEMBER CITIZEN OF DERNA

Cyrenaica/Fezzan On 19 April 2015, the Islamic State in Libya released a video wherein

two groups of Ethiopian Christians are executed. Titled Until There Came to Them Clear

Evidence, the video begins with a lengthy history lesson and ends with the execution of two

distinct groups of Ethiopian Christians. According to the Associated Press, the group held in

Fezzan was killed via firing squad, while the group in Cyrenaica was beheaded.xc

PHOTO 95 - IS EXECUTES ETHIOPIAN CHRISTIANS IN CYRENAICA

64


Benghazi On 19 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of its recent

military activity in Benghazi. In this set of photos, the Islamic State shows its use of GRAD

missiles against the Libyan National Army.xci

PHOTO 96 - IS INDISCRIMINATELY SHELLS BENGHAZI

Derna On 19 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Derna released photos of a rally held Derna.xcii

PHOTO 97 - ANSAR AL-SHARIA IN DERNA HOLDS RALLY

65


Week of 12 April 2015 Benghazi - On 15 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a video showcasing the

use of a wire-guided missile against the Libyan National Army. According to the uploaders of

the video, Byan Media, the operation was carried out from the University of Benghazi.xciii

PHOTO 98 - AAS EMPLOYS WIRE-GUIDED MISSILE

Unspecified On 15 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a statement that put

bounties on several Libyan Army leaders. According to the statement, Ansar al-Sharia is

willing to pay between 25,000 and 100,000LYD for the murder of Wanis Bukhamada,

Mohammed Hijazi, Faraj Barasi, Saqir Jeroushi, and Khalifa Haftar.xciv

PHOTO 99 - AAS TARGETS MILITARY LEADERS

66


Benghazi On 13 April 2015, the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries (SCBR)

released a video interview with Mohammed Drissi. In the video, Drissi denies rumors of his

death. In 2014, Drissi was released from a Jordanian prison in exchange for then-kidnapped

Ambasassador Fawaz Al-Etan.xcv

PHOTO 100 - MOHAMMED DRISSI PROMOTES SHURA COUNCIL

Tripoli On 13 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed responsibility for the

VBIED attack on the Morrocan embassy and the drive-by shooting at the South Korean

embassy.xcvi

PHOTO 101 - IS CLAIMS ATTACK ON SOUTH KOREA'S EMBASSY

67


Week of 5 April 2015 Sirte On 9 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of its military

activities in and around Sirte.xcvii

PHOTO 102 - IS MILITANTS CONVENE IN SIRTE

Unspecified On 8 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos showing the

destruction of CDs that contained haram material.xcviii The photos were most likely taken in

Derna.

PHOTO 103 - IS BURNS CDS AND OTHER HARAM ITEMS

68


Unspecified On 8 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video in which a

member threatens Tunisia. In the video, the IS militant stated that once their work is done in

Libya, the Islamic State would then move to Tunisia and free their brothers and sisters from

jail.xcix The end of the video shows heretofore unreleased footage of the VBIED attack on the

Iranian embassy.

PHOTO 104 - IS MILITANT THREATENS TUNISIA

Derna - On 8 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos showing a

youth recruitment rally in Derna.c

PHOTO 105 - IS MILITANT RECRUITS CHILD IN DERNA

69


Derna On 7 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia released photos showing a convoy of fuel trucks

allegedly delivering fuel to citizens in Derna. The group claims that they were able to bypass

the blockade put into place by the Libyan Army.ci

PHOTO 106 - ANSAR AL-SHARIA SUPPLIES FUEL TO DERNA

Benghazi - On 6 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi posted photos of its troops

engaged in battle against the Libyan National Army. The photos highlight Ansar al-Sharia's

use of snipers, heavy artillery, and mobile anti-aircraft.cii

PHOTO 107 - AAS MILITANT TARGETS LIBYAN ARMY

70


Benghazi On 6 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica posted photos showing their

most recent military operations near Airport Road in Benghazi.ciii

PHOTO 108 - IS MILITARY ACTIVITY IN BENGHAZI

Tripoli On 5 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a video showing a VBIED

attack carried out in Benghazi. The attack was carried out by an Egyptian man named Abu

Musaab Al-Muhajir.civ

PHOTO 109 - EGYPTIAN CARRIES OUT VBIED ATTACK IN BENGHAZI

71


Misrata On 5 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed reasonability for the

VBIED attack on the Sdada Checkpoint in Misrata.cv According to reports from social media,

a Sudanese man named Abu Dujana Al-Sudani carried out the attack with a truck laden with

four tons of explosives.cvi

PHOTO 110 - SUDANESE IS MILITANT IN LIBYA

Sirte On 5 April 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos of a vegetable

market in Sirte.cvii

PHOTO 111 - IS VEGETABLE MARKET IN SIRTE

72


Week of 29 March 2015 Benghazi On 4 April 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released photos of a raid on a

Christian church. The set of photos show the collection and destruction of instruments and

books.cviii In February 2015, the Islamic State in Derna carried out similar activities.

PHOTO 112 - ANSAR AL-SHARIA DESTROYS CHURCH'S INSTRUMENTS

Derna On 3 April 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a statement calling Dernas

Abu Salim Martyrs Brigade an infidel and apostate.cix The Abu Salim Martyrs Brigade led

by former Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) member Salem Derby also seeks to

implement Sharia in Derna.

Unspecified On 30 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos

showing their most recent hisba activities somewhere in western Libya. The set of photos

shows IS militants collecting and burning items they believe to be associated with magic. The

photos are most likely from Sirte or Sabratha.cx

73


PHOTO 113 - IS DESTROYS MUNKARAT (PROHIBITED ITEMS)

Unspecified On 29 March 2015, the Islamic State in Libya eulogized Ansar al-Sharias

Mohammed Buka Oraibi. The eulogy also chastised the Libya Dawn Government for

holding a funeral for Oraibi. According to the Islamic State, Oraibi did not die fighting for

democracy, but rather for the implementation of Sharia.cxi

PHOTO 114 - IS EULOGIZES MOHAMMED ORAIBI

Derna On 29 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out an IED attack on

Dernas Higher Careers Institute, killing three people. The attack is said to have been carried

out because the institute was not abiding by the strict gender segregation policies

implemented by the Islamic State.cxii

74


Week of 22 March 2015 Benghazi On 25 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a photo showing the

dismembered remains of Bashir Mustafa Agha, a retired member of the military.cxiii The

photo was most likely taken in the Laithi district of Benghazi an Ansar al-Sharia and IS

stronghold.

PHOTO 115 - IS DISMEMBERS EX-MILITARY MEMBER

Unspecified On 25 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos showing

their most recent hisba activities somewhere in eastern Libya. The set of photos shows IS

militants collecting and burning items they believe to be associated with magic. The photos

are most likely from Derna.cxiv

PHOTO 116 - IS COLLECTS AND BURNS PROHIBITED ITEMS

75


Sirte On 25 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a VBIED attack on

an Operation Sunrise checkpoint near the steam power station in Sirte. The attack left five

dead.cxv

Benghazi On 24 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica claimed responsibility for

one of the two VBIED attacks carried out in Benghazi. According to the Associated Press, 12

people were killed in the attack.cxvi Photos from social media show that the Islamic State used

a drone equipped with a camera to capture the aftermath of their attack a first for the

group.cxvii The attack was carried out by a Tunisian man named Abu Yaqeen al-Tunisi.

Reports from social media and the Libya Herald claim that the Shura Council of Benghazi

Revolutionaries (SCBR) carried out a separate attack in the Masakel neighborhood. Twitter

accounts tied to both the SCBR and the Islamic State claim that the attacks were carried out

as revenge for the death of SCBR commander Mohammed Oraibi.

PHOTO 117 - IS EMPLOYS DRONE FOR PROPAGANDA

76


Misrata On 22 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a remote VBIED

attack in the Zarouk area of Misrata. According to reports from social media, the Islamic

State targeted the barracks of a Misratan militia.cxviii

PHOTO 118 - IS VBIED ATTACK IN MISRATA

77


Week of 15 March 2015 Benghazi On 19 March 2015, Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi released a set of photos

showing a graduating class from one of its training camps. According to the Long War

Journal, the photographs are captioned thus:

This is the latest class of the protectors of the Shariah and the opposers of injustice

graduating from the mujahideen training camps to join their brothers in the battlefronts in

order to complete the journey of jihad.cxix

PHOTO 119 - ANSAR AL-SHARIA GRADUATES

Unspecified - On 18 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released video and text

that threatened Misratan politicians, Misratan militias, and the current UNSMIL dialogues

taking place in Morocco.cxx According to Al Wasat, an Islamic State leader by the name of

Abu Mohammed Ferjani threatened to turn Misrata into a city like Mosul or Fallujah.cxxi

PHOTO 120 - THE ISLAMIC STATE THREATENS UNSMIL

78


An Nawfaliyah On 18 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a surprise

attack on members of Battalion 166. According to reports from social media, the Islamic

State first distracted sleeping soldiers, then murdered them with suppressed weapons.cxxii

The Associated Press reports that 10 members of the 166 Brigade were killed.cxxiii

Sirte On 17 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released 20 foreign medical

workers they had kidnapped one day prior in Sirte. According to Reuters, IS militants told

the medical staff that they would remain safe as long as they treated any wounded

fighters.cxxiv

Derna On 16 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos showing their

most recent hisba activities in Derna.cxxv IS militants were photographed collecting and

destroying water pipes.

PHOTO 121 - IS MILITANTS DESTROY WATER PIPES IN DERNA

Sirte On 16 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video showing the

destruction of Sufi tombs in Sirte.cxxvi According to reports from social media, the man who

appears in the first half of the video is named Hussein Al-Karamy.cxxvii Prior to his

appearances in Sirte, Al-Karamy was photographed in Derna.cxxviii

79


PHOTO 122 - IS MILITANTS DESTROY SUFI TOMBS

Sirte On 16 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released images armed vehicles

that were destroyed in the armed clashes against Battalion 166 in and around Sirte.cxxix

PHOTO 123 - BATTALION 166 VEHICLE DESTROYED BY THE IS

80


Sirte On 15 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released photos showing its

troops patrolling the streets of Sirte.cxxx

PHOTO 124 - IS CHECKPOINT IN SIRTE

Sirte/Harawa On 15 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania eulogized the recently

deceased Ahmed Al-Rwaisy.cxxxi Known also as Abu Zakaria al-Tunisi, Al-Rwaisy was killed

during clashes between the Islamic State and Battalion 166. According to the New York

Times, Al-Rwaisy was the mastermind behind the assassination of Tunisian politicians

Chokri Belaid and Mohamed Brahmi.cxxxii Prior to joining the Islamic State, Al-Rwaisy helped

lead Ansar al-Sharia in Tunisia.

PHOTO 125 - ABU ZAKARIA AL-TUNISI EULOGIZED BY IS

81


Misrata On 15 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out VBIED attacks on

the barracks of Battalion 166 and an unknown target in the Qasr Ahmed neighborhood of

Misrata.cxxxiii According to reports from social media, the VBIED attack on Battalion 166s

barracks was carried out remotely.cxxxiv

Tripoli On 15 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a VBIED attack on

a security headquarters in the Janzour district of Tripoli. According to Reuters, five

policemen were injured and another was killed.cxxxv

PHOTO 126 - IS VBIED IN TRIPOLI CRITICALLY INJURES POLICEMEN

82


Week of 8 March 2015 Ras Al-Hilal On 14 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica posted photos of militants

operating in the vicinity of Ras Al-Hilal, Libya.cxxxvi In the past, extremist militias like Ansar

al-Sharia used Ras Al-Hilal as a staging ground for their GRAD missile attacks against

Labraq International Airport.

PHOTO 127 - IS MILITANTS OPERATING IN RAS AL-HILAL

Sirte/Harawa On 14 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania engaged in armed

clashes with pro-GNC Battalion 166 a contributor to Operation Sunrise. Battles took place

outside of Sirte in the western area known as Daheera and the eastern city of Harawa.

According to Reuters, 17 Islamic State fighters were killed, while others were taken back to

Misrata for questioning.cxxxvii

83


Derna On 12 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos titled,

"Missionary Tour in Derna." The photos show citizens of Derna carrying out every-day

activities under the protection of the Islamic State.cxxxviii

PHOTO 128 - IS ACTIVITIES IN DERNA

Unspecified On 12 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video in

which a man speaking Tebu calls for more Toubou tribesmen to join.cxxxix This was the first

time the Islamic State in Libya released a video in the Tebu language.

PHOTO 129 - IS MILITANT CALLS FOR MORE TOUBOU TO JOIN

84


Tripoli On 12 March 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania carried out a VBIED attack on

the Dahmani Police Station in the Zawiyat Dahmani neighborhood.cxl

PHOTO 130 - IS CARRIES OUT VBIED ATTACK IN TRIPOLI

Benghazi On 11 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

promoting their military activities throughout Benghazi. IS militants are photographed using

81mm mortars, 120mm mortars, and a 155mm howitzer. cxli

PHOTO 131 - IS MILITANTS USE 155MM HOWITZERS

85


Week of 1 March 2015 Ghani Oilfield On 6 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out an attack on

the Ghani Oilfield in central Libya, killing 11 guards and kidnapping at least 10 foreigners.

Reports suggest that seven guards were beheadedcxlii, while another three foreign workers

remain unaccounted for.cxliii

Derna On 5 March 2015, The Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a video a member of the

Shahhat Security Directorate and a Colonel in the Al Jaweifi Brigade were executed at

pointblank.cxliv While the video does feature the Islamic States black standard and a

nasheed, it does not contain extensive post-production work like many other IS videos.

PHOTO 132 - IS EXECUTES TWO LIBYAN ARMY MEMBERS

Benghazi On 5 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a video showing their

recent activity in Benghazi. The video begins with an Egyptian man calling for youth around

the world to join the jihad in Libya. The video ends with Islamic State militants carrying out

drive-by shootings on civilians whom they call sahawat, or supporters of the Libyan

Army.cxlv

86


PHOTO 133 - IS CARRIES OUT DRIVE-BY SHOOTING IN BENGHAZI

Derna On 3 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos showing

residents of Derna pledging allegiance to the Islamic State. The outdoor event appears to

have gathered hundreds of attendants.cxlvi

PHOTO 134 - IS EVENT IN DERNA GATHERS HUNDREDS OF ATTENDANTS

Mabruk Oilfield On 2 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out

coordinated attacks on the Mabruk, Bahi, and Dahra oilfields in central Libya.cxlvii Islamic

State militants shelled the oilfields, engaged in armed clashes, and subsequently captured at

least two of the three oilfields.cxlviii

87


The Islamic State also carried out an attack on the Mabruk Oilfield on in early February

2015, which left at least 12 dead.

Benghazi On 2 March 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a video showing a

VBIED attack carried out in Benghazi.cxlix The attack was carried out by a foreign fighter

most likely a man from Tunisia.

PHOTO 135 - TUNISIAN FOREIGN FIGHTER CARRIES OUT

SUICIDE BOMBING IN BENGHAZI

88


Week of 22 February 2015 Benghazi On 28 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a video calling for

foreign fighters to come to Libya.cl The video was recorded in the Leithi neighborhood of

Benghazi an Ansar al-Sharia stronghold. The promotional video concludes with a drive-by

assassination. According to reports from social media, the man assassinated is Saiqa Special

Forces member Ibrahim Mitri.cli

PHOTO 136 - IS MILITANTS CALL FOR FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN BENGHAZI

Unspecified On 27 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video

named, A Message to the Brothers in Tawheed. In the video, a non-Libyan man calls for

foreign fighters to come to Libya and fight against General Khalifa Haftar.clii

PHOTO 137 - IS MILITANT CALLS FOR FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN TRIPOLITANIA

89


Unspecified On 24 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a

promotional video of the two foreigners involved in the attack on the Corinthia Hotel in

Tripoli.cliii According to SITE Intel Group, the video is titled, Convoys of the Martyrdom-

Seekers and is the first of more to come.cliv

PHOTO 138 - IS FOREIGN FIGHTER DELIVERS SPEECH PRIOR TO CORINTHIA ATTACK

Benghazi On 23 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

displaying their recent military action throughout Benghazi.clv

PHOTO 139 - A MEMBER OF THE ISLAMIC STATE ENGAGES IN BATTLE

90


Tripoli On 22 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania claimed responsibility for

the double-IED attack on the Iranian Embassy in the Ben Ashour neighborhood of Tripoli.clvi

91


Week of 15 February 2015 Unspecified On 21 February 2015, the Islamic State in Libya released a video message

that threatened politicians and businessmen from Misrata.

PHOTO 140 - IS THREATENS MISRATAN POLITICIANS

Al-Qubbah On 20 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out at least two

simultaneous VBIED attacks in the eastern city of Al-Qubbah. In their official statement, the

Islamc State called the VBIED attacks revenge for the recent Egyptian airstrikes carried out

in the eastern city of Derna.clvii The attacks targeted the local Security Directorate building,

the house of Speaker of the House Agila Saleh Issa, and a nearby fuel station. At least 45

people were killed as a result. According to The National, the attacks were carried out Bitar

Al Libi and Abu Abdullah Al Jazrawi.clviii

PHOTO 141 - BITAR AL LIBI AND ABU ABDULLAH AL JAZRAWI

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Unspecified On 19 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

showing the distribution of medical aide somewhere in eastern Libya.clix

Derna On 18 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica carried out Hisba

(accountability) activities by burning instruments in Derna.clx

PHOTO 142 - IS CARRYING OUT BURNING INSTRUMENTS IN DERNA

Sirte On 18 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos

showing off a parade they held in the city of Sirte.clxi A video later appeared on YouTube in

which at least 25 IS trucks can be seen.clxii

Unspecified On 17 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of their

recent activities in eastern Libya. This most recent release shows boxes of cigarettes being

destroyed by men wearing black masks and driving what appear to be newly acquired police

vehicles.clxiii

Sirte On 15 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a video confirming

the beheadings of 21 Egyptian Coptic Christians.clxiv The video was released by the Islamic

States Al-Hayat media division.clxv According to the Washington Post:

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In the video, Islamic State fighters marched the Egyptians onto a stretch of coastline

before forcing them to kneel and severing their heads. The brutal murders were

portrayed as retaliation against what a masked fighter described as the hostile

Egyptian church.clxvi

Later reporting indicates that a large portion of ISIS members in Sirte are from Misrata.clxvii

PHOTO 143 - IS IN TRIPOLITANIA BEHEADS EGYPTIANS

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Week of 8 February 2015 Sarir Oilfield On 14 February 2015, El Sarir oilfield in southern Libya was attacked by

unnamed perpetrators. The Sarir oilfield provides crude oil to the Hariga port in Tobruk,

Libya.clxviii Although unconfirmed, a Twitter account linked to IS in Libya posted pictures of a

vehicle approaching an oilfield in Libya.clxix

Benghazi On 13 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

that appear to confirm their involvement in the VBIED attack on 6 February 2015.clxx

PHOTO 144 - COLLAGE GLORIFYING AN IS SUICIDE BOMBER IN BENGHAZI

Derna On 13 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos of their most

recent floggings carried out in Derna. In this instance, at least seven youths were publically

flogged for consuming alcohol.clxxi

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PHOTO 145 - YOUTH PUBLICALLY FLOGGED IN DERNA

Sirte On 13 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos in

which they claim to have received the repentance of 42 employees of the Ministry of Interior

in Sirte.clxxii

PHOTO 146 - IS FORCES MAN TO OFFICIALLY REPENT

Sirte On 13 February 2015, in addition to capturing a number of radio stations, the

Islamic State in Tripolitania seized the Ibn Sina Hospital in Sirte. According to the Libya

Herald, A military convoy carrying IS flags reportedly surrounded the hospital this morning

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and ordered Misrata-based Central Libya Shield which has been providing security there to

leave.clxxiii

Sirte On 13 February 2015, gunmen claiming to be members of the Islamic State jihadist

group have seized control of a state-run radio station in Libya's coastal city of Sirte, residents

said on Friday.clxxiv Jihadist websites also posted pictures showing armed men sitting in front

of microphones in a broadcasting studio and brandishing Kalashnikov assault rifles.clxxv

PHOTO 147 - IS TAKES OVER RADIO STATION IN SIRTE

Unspecified On 12 February 2015, ISIS released the newest edition of its Dabiq

magazine. The following is a passage taken from the magazine in which the recently

kidnapped Egyptians in Libya are referenced:

This month, the soldiers of the Khilfah in Wilyat Tarbulus captured 21 Coptic crusaders, almost

five years after the blessed operation against the Baghdad church executed in revenge for Kamilia

Shehata, Wafa Constantine, and other sisters who were tortured and murdered by the Coptic Church

of Egypt. The operation was planned by Hudhayfah al-Battw (rahimahullh), wl of Wilyat

Baghdad at the time, alongside the senior military commander, Ab Ibrhm azZayd (rahimahullh),

both of whom played a crucial role through their passion and zealousness in preserving the morale

of the Islamic State mujhidn after the martyrdom of Ab Umar al-Baghdd and Ab Hamzah al-

Muhjir (rahimahumallh).clxxvi

Benghazi On 11 February 2015, the hospital of Benghazi received, 40 human heads with

no bodies after a training camp in the Buatni Neighborhood was recaptured by the Libyan

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National Army. The training camp was previously occupied by the Shura Council of Benghazi

Revolutionaries.clxxvii

Unspecified On 10 February 2015, the Islamic State released a statement calling for

Operation Libya Dawn fighters to repent to God.clxxviii

An Nawfaliyah On 9 February 2015, the Islamic State was photographed arriving in An

Nawfaliyah, a city located southwest of Bin Jawad.clxxix Initials reports suggest that there

were clashes between Libya Dawn forces and ISIS forces.clxxx

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Week of 1 February 2015 Benghazi On 7 February 2015, a Palestinian man was reported to have died fighting for

the Islamic State in Libya.clxxxi

According to SkyNews Arabia, the man entered Libya via a tunnel somewhere along the

Egyptian border.clxxxii

Benghazi On 6 February 2015, two people were killed and 20 were injured after a car

bomb exploded in the Al Leithi Neighborhood of Benghazi.clxxxiii clxxxiv

Mabruk Oilfield On 4 February 2015, reports emerged stating that extremists attacked

the Mabruk Oilfield, approximately 170km south of Sirte.clxxxv The Mabruk Oilfield is

operated by Total Oil and produces roughly 70,000 bbl/d.clxxxvi

Initial reports suggested that three foreigners were kidnapped, one of whom was French.

France denied that any French citizens were kidnapped, while the Philippines confirmed that

three of their oversea foreign workers went missing.clxxxvii Twelve people will killed overall.

Ain Marah - On 4 February 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos

showings its recent troop activity in Ain Marah.

The photos were released just days after clashes occurred between Islamic State forces and

Libyan National Army Forces.clxxxviii

Unspecified - On 4 February 2015, the Islamic State in Tripolitania released a set of photos

showing their recent promotional activities somewhere in their self-declared state.

Many of the photos in this release show attendants enjoying themselves at IS-led events.clxxxix

Unspecified - On 4 February 2015, a Twitter account associated with the Islamic State in

Libya tweeted:

[W]e the #Mujahideen of #IslamicState in #Libya ask #Muslims in #Tunisia,

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#Algeria #Morroco what are u waiting for Join #Ummah #Muhammad!cxc

Tripoli On 3 February 2015, the Information Office of the Islamic State in Tripolitania

released photos claiming an attack on a checkpoint in Tripolis Souq al-Jumaa.cxci

According to the Libya Herald, the bomb detonated near a building used by the Tripoli

Revolutionaries Brigade.cxcii Although unconfirmed, the Herald and Al Wasat suggest that

the attack was revenge for the Brigades involvement during the attack on the Corinthia

Hotel.cxciii

PHOTO 148 - PHOTOS OF AN IS VBIED ATTACK ON THE TRIPOLI SECURITY DIRECTORATE

Sirte According to reports from social media, the Islamic State in Tripolitania turned

Qadhafi's Ouagadougou Conference Center in Sirte into a command center.cxciv

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Week of 25 January 2015 Benghazi - On 29 January 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of updated

photos of its recent troop activity throughout Benghazi.cxcv

Benghazi - On 28 January 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of updated

photos of its recent activity throughout Benghazi.

This set of photos does not show any fighters, but instead displays the effects of the fighting

in the city. Many of the photographed buildings are riddled with bullet holes and are overall

dilapidated.cxcvi

Sirte - On 28 January 2015, the Information Office of the Islamic State in Tripolitania

released photos showing new members in Sirte swearing allegiance to the Islamic State.

According to the Islamic State, the men shown in the photographs are recent Christian

converts.cxcvii

PHOTO 149 - CONVERTS OF THE ISLAMIC STATE

Tripoli On 27 January at approximately 0953 (UDT +2) a VBIED detonated outside of

Tripolis Corinthia Hotel. No casualties were reported as a result of the explosion.

Immediately following the blast five gunmen entered the hotel and engaged in a shootout

with local security, leaving at least three guards dead. Witnesses claim that three other hotel

staff members were injured. The Associated Press reported that the gunmen had taken three

to five hostages on the hotels twentieth floor.cxcviii

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According to the BBCs Rana Jawad, security officials of the Corinthia Hotel have been aware

of possible threats for several days.cxcix A tweet posted by an account linked to the Islamic

State in Tripolitania claims that the attack was revenge for the death of Abu Anas al-Libi.cc

The user claims that the attack was directed at the Corinthia Hotel because of its popularity

among foreigners. However, hotel staff have stated that the hotel was approximately 90%

empty. A security guard told the Associated Press that Omar al-Hassi usually stays at the

hotel with security guards, but that they were not present at the time of the bombing and

subsequent attack.

Twitter users began posting images that allegedly show some of the gunmen who

participated in the attack on the hotel.cci

The attack on the Corinthia Hotel left at least nine dead.

Benghazi - On 26 January 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released a set of photos of

its recent troop activity in the Buhidima Neighborhood of Benghazi.

IS troops can be seen climbing houses, viewing videos, and firing upon their opponents.ccii

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Week of 18 January 2015 Benghazi - On 20 January 2015, IS in Cyrenaica released photos of the distribution of aid in

what they allege to be Benghazi.cciii

PHOTO 150 - IS PASSES OUT SWEETS TO CHILDREN

Unspecified - On 20 January 2015, the Islamic State in Libya released an open letter to

Sheikh Abdullah and Sheikh Mamoon.cciv

Unspecified - On 20 January 2015, IS in Cyrenaica released a statement showing their

most recent Hisba activities in eastern Libya.ccv

Benghazi On 18 January 2015, the Islamic State in Cyrenaica released photos showing

their most recent military activity in Benghazi.ccvi

Unspecified - On 18 January 2015, The Islamic State in Libya released a statement dividing

Libya into three distinct regions. The statement also calls for foreign members of the Islamic

State to travel to Libya.ccvii

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PHOTO 151 - IS DIVISION OF LIBYA TARABULUS, FEZZAN, AND BARQA

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Week of 11

Documents

LIAS Terrorism in Libya 020615