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Semantic Annotation Model Definition for Systems Interoperability
Yongxin LIAO, Mario Lezoche, Herv Panetto, Nacer Boudjlida
Federation Charles Hermite
Email: [email protected]
Model-based Systems Interoperability
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Formal Semantic Annotation
Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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What is Annotation?Annotationa note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram - Oxford Dictionaries Online
Software Programming
Writing and Reading
Mechanical Drawing5 /23
What is Semantic Annotation?Semantic Annotation
Image 1, Ontotext . http://www.ontotext.com/
The action and results of describing (part of) an electronic resource by means of metadata whose meaning is formally specified in an ontology - Fernndez (2010)
An annotation assigns to an entity, which is in the text, a link to its semantic description. A semantic annotation is referent to an ontology - Talantikite, et al (2009)
An approach to link ontologies to the original information sources - Lin (2008)
Image 2, Ontology-Based Image Annotation and Retrieval -Avril Styrman6 /23
What is Semantic Annotation?
Semantic Annotation is the description of the formal relations betweenelectronic resource and specific ontology.
Four main components:
7
2) Ontology 4) Implementation
3) Semantic Annotation Structure Model
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1) Electronic Resource
ERIdentityNameCity
SASM OntologyIdFirstnameLastname
Implementation
Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation
Formal Definition of Semantic AnnotationA semantic annotation is
e5 e1e2
e4 e3
p1 p3
p2 p4
m1
m2
o1o2 o3 o4
o5 o6 o7
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Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation
Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation
A mapping may represent as four different kinds of semantic relations:
=>
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Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Semantic annotation can be considered as a semantically enrichment of data source, which may be widely used for many purposes.
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XML Schema (Kpke and Eder, 2010)Texts (KIM Platform) Models (Lin , 2008 )
Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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Step 1: Design or Select Ontology
Design or select an appropriate ontology for semantic annotations is the first step of the annotation process.
For example: Semantic Annotation for Process Models. Lin, 2008
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General Process Ontology (GPO)
Step 2: Design the SASM-Analysis of four SASMs
A: Enterprise semantic modelling for interoperability Boudjlida and Panetto (2007)
B: User-Friendly Semantic Annotation in Business Process Modeling Born, et al. (2007)
C: Semantic annotations for Web Services discovery and compositionTalantikite, et al. (2009)
D: Semantic Annotation for Process Models Lin (2008)
Identification
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Formal semantic relationship to ontology concept Reference to elementText DescriptionProperties
SASM AAnnotation-IdInformal ContentRef2OntologyAnnotation TypeConstraints
SASM BName/ TypeCurrent StateBefore StateAfter StatePreconditionPostcondition
SASM CSidSnameInputsOutputsBindingsResourceExec-timeService
SASM DIdname model_fragmentalternative_namehas_Actorrole has_Artifacthas_Input/Output has_Preconditionhas_Postconditionhas_Exceptionhas_subActivityis_in_WorkflowPattern_ofsame_asdifferent_fromkind_ofsuperConcept_ofphase_ofinstance_ofCompositionConcept_of
Step 2: Design the SASM
The second step is design the semantic annotation structure model and annotation Methods.
We identify five types of contents in SASM:
1)Identification;2)Formal semantic relationship to ontology concept;3)Reference to element; 4)Text description;5)Properties (extended contents, such as: execution time, restriction, etc.).
Annotation Methods:1)Manually eg: Process Models, Lin (2008) 2)Semi-automatically eg: Business process model, Born, et al. (2007)3)Automatically eg: KIM Platform
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Step 3: ImplementationThe last step is Implementation.
For example: Semantic annotations for web services discovery and composition.Talantikite, et al. (2009)
Two algorithms: matching algorithm and composition algorithm
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SASM CSidSnameInputsOutputsBindingsResourceExec-timeService
Examples of semantic networkSid Sname Inputs Outputs Link to Ontology
1 FindZipCode City,state Zipcode ZipCFinder.owl
2 GetTemperature Zipcode Temp GetTemp.owl
3 ZipCodeinfo Zipcode Info ZipCodeinfo.owl
4 FindLatLong Zipcode Lat/long FindlatLong.owl
5 GetPressure Lat/long, Temp
Geo GetPressurE.owl
6 Google business addres Url GoogleB.owl
7 DisplayUrl Url Info DisplayURL.owl
1
2
6
4
3
5
7
City,state
Zipcode
Zipcode
Zipcode
Temp
Info
Lat/long
Geo
addres Url Info
Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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A Simple Case Study
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Case Study
MES modelERP model
A Simple Case StudyAnnotation process between Sage X3 and Flexnet
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Implementation
ERP model
MES model
SA1 id-sageX3-01 BillOfMaterialsID equal_to
MaterialEntity
SA2 id-Flexnet-01 BomNumber equal_to
MaterialEntity
Product Ontology
Outline
1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)
2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples
3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation
4) A Simple Case Study
5) Conclusion
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Conclusion
Give a brief survey of SA in different domains Identify four main components and three steps of SA:
1) Ontology, 2) Semantic Annotation Structure Model, 3) Implementation. Present a formal definition of SA
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ERIdentityNameCity
SASMOntology
IdFirstnameLastname
Implementation
Future Work
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Thank you!
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Federation Charles Hermite
Email: [email protected]