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Let’s Learn Together!

Science: Ocean Ecosystem Week 1 – Read and review the “Organisms in the Ocean Ecosystem” chart, the “Flow of Energy” diagram, and the “Global Seasonal Changes in Energy and Matter” text and diagram. Complete questions 1-4. Week 2 – Read and review “Seasonal Changes in Energy in the North Atlantic Ocean” and “Fall Migration.” Complete questions 5-8. Background Information – The right whales, although huge in size, rely on very tiny organisms for food. Their diet consists of fish larvae (the stage of a fish right after it hatches), krill, and other zooplankton (microscopic animals). These tiny organisms rely on algae and other microscopic plants for food. These plants rely on the sun for energy. As algae levels go up, there is more food for the tiny fish larvae to eat and more fish larvae means more food for the whales. Migration is the seasonal movement that many animals take to find food, breed, and find more suitable living conditions for survival. Migration is a great example of how the four systems (spheres) of the Earth interact. The four spheres are biosphere (life), geosphere (land), hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (air).

Social Studies: Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens

Social Studies activities in this learning bundle compare and contrast the concepts of rights and responsibilities. Students will first have to sort some examples into two categories. They will then read a short article on the rights and responsibilities that Americans have such as voting rights and the responsibility to pay taxes. Some text-dependent questions follow the article as a well as a page that helps students see the connections between their rights as citizens and the responsibilities they have. For example, Americans have the right to vote. However, that means they also have the responsibility of knowing information about each candidate running for office. Students will then apply their understanding of the rights and responsibilities by completing one of three assigned tasks.

Social Studies and science

Activities At –A–Glance

The following assignments should be kept in the student’s

portfolio to be turned in at a later date:

Science: Algae patterns (Question 4) and Migration

writing piece (Question 8)

Social Studies: Rights and Responsibilities - Final Product

My child completed his/her science and social studies work from learning bundle five.

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Parent Signature

S1

Science – Ocean Ecosystem – Grade 5

A group of scientists is studying organisms off the coast of Ocean City, Maryland. These are

three of the organisms that they are studying along with some of the information that they

know about each:

Organisms in the Ocean Ecosystem

Organism Picture Size Observation

Description Food Source

Right Whale

Up to about 15 meters (m) About the length of a tractor-trailer

Also known as a baleen whale.

Eat fish larvae, zooplankton, krill.

Fish Larvae

Around 1-2 millimeters (mm) About the length of the eraser on a pencil

Young fish that have just hatched from an egg.

Eat algae.

Algae

Microscopic. Smaller than the tip of a sharp pencil.

Plant-like organism that lives in the water. Live in colonies.

Rely on the sun for energy.

The scientists watched the right whales open their giant mouths to eat fish larvae, krill and

zooplankton as they swam in the ocean. They also watched these tiny fish larvae feasting on

the algae. The scientists noticed that more fish larvae and zooplankton are found in areas of the

ocean that have more algae.

S2

1. Which statements explain what happens when right whales eat the fish larvae as they

swim in the ocean? Select all that apply.

A. Whales get the energy they need from fish larvae.

B. Energy is transferred from the whales to the fish larvae.

C. Energy is transferred from the fish larvae to the whales.

D. Fish larvae get their energy from the whales.

E. Fish larvae get their energy from the algae.

F. Algae are producers because they make their own food.

G. Algae get energy from the sun.

Flow of energy:

The scientists want you to show the flow of energy in the ocean ecosystem.

2. Complete the model by drawing 3 arrows to show the direction that the energy flows in

this model starting with the sun (arrows should point in the direction that the energy is

flowing to. Example: a frog is eaten by a snake, so the energy is moving from the frog to

the snake: FROG SNAKE). Be sure include the fish larva, algae, right whale, and sun.

S3

Global seasonal changes in energy and matter:

The diagram below shows how the amount of algae in the ocean changes from January to June.

The arrows show where sunlight is more direct during each season. Areas where the sunlight is

more direct receive more sunlight and it is considered to be summer. In January, the sunlight is

more direct in the Southern Hemisphere, so that means it is summer for the Southern

Hemisphere. In June, the sunlight is more direct in the Northern Hemisphere which means it is

summer in the Northern Hemisphere. This diagram is a great example of how the different

systems of the Earth interact and influence one another. You probably remember learning in

science class about the four systems of the Earth. They are the geosphere (land), the

hydrosphere (water and ice), the atmosphere (air), and the biosphere (living things). These four

systems interact to affect Earth materials and processes.

Global Seasonal Algae Levels

Direct

sunlight

Direct

sunlight

S4

3. Which statement explains what the diagram shows about algae?

A. Algae grow best in areas away from land.

B. Algae move away from places that receive direct sunlight.

C. Algae grow in both hemispheres at the same rate throughout the year.

D. Algae grow better in places where they have more energy from the Sun.

4. The atmosphere (air) and the geosphere (land) both affect the algae patterns. What

algae patterns do you notice in the diagrams?

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Seasonal changes in energy in the North Atlantic Ocean:

The scientists made the maps below to show how the amount of algae in the North Atlantic

Ocean changes from February to March to April and to May. The amount of algae influences

the amount of fish larvae since the fish larvae rely on the algae for energy. As the seasons

change, the amount of algae changes, and so does the amount of fish larvae. The location of

Maryland is shown on each map along with a colored key to show the algae levels.

Changes in the Amount of Algae

5. Based on the information in the four maps and what you have learned about right whales,

which month would scientists most likely find whales near Maryland?

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S5

6. Which 2 statements explain why scientists are most likely to find whales near Maryland in

the month you selected?

A. There are more algae for the whales to eat.

B. There are more fish larvae because there is lots of algae for the fish larvae to eat.

C. Whales cannot swim where there is a lot of algae.

D. There are more fish larvae and the whales rely on fish larvae for energy.

E. The amount of algae has no effect on when whales would be found in the area.

Fall Migration:

Right whales migrate south along the coast as the

environment changes in the fall. The diagram to the

right shows the location of the whales during the

summer, their path as they migrate south in the fall,

and their location during the winter.

In the summer months, the right whales live off the

northern coast of the United States (notice the location

of the whale at the top of the diagram). The whales use

this time to feed and mate. Some whales travel over

1,000 miles to “calving areas” off the coast of Georgia

and Florida (notice the location of the whale at the

bottom of the diagram). These right whales migrate to

these shallow, southern habitats to give birth and nurse (feed) their

young calves throughout the winter months before making the

journey back north in the spring. The warmer, shallow waters are

important for the newborn calves’ survival.

Adapted from NOAA Fisheries: www.fisheries.noaa.gov

7. The text mentioned that the right whales leave their summer location to migrate south to

give birth. Which two statements explain why the right whales return north in the summer?

A. There less more algae available for the whales to eat in the northern waters in the

summer.

B. There is more fish larvae available for the whales to eat in the northern waters in the

summer.

C. The whales find their mate to breed in the northern waters in the summer.

D. There is more food available in “calving areas” in the southern waters in the summer.

E. The whales need colder, northern waters in the summer to grow.

Summer

Fall Migration

Winter

S6

8. Explain how the fall migration is an interaction between the biosphere (the whale) and at

least one other Earth system.

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Adapted from WestEd – www.WestEd.org

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 1

Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens

Introduction: Read the statements below. Label RIGHTS with a check mark. Label RESPONSIBILITIES with an exclamation point.

_____ Expressing your opinion freely

_____ Respect and obey laws

_____ A fair, speedy, jury trial

_____ Respect beliefs and culture of others

_____ Serve on a jury when asked

_____ Vote for president

_____ Worship the religion of your choice

_____ Support and defend the Constitution

_____ Pay income tax and other taxes

_____ Privacy within your home

Based on your choices, how would you define the term RIGHTS? How would you define RESPONSIBILITIES? ______________________________________________________________________________

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Directions: Read the article. As you read, mark the text and write notes in the margins about what you think are the most important parts. Then, answer the questions that follow.

Americans’ Rights and Responsibilities By U.S. Citizenship and immigration Services, adapted by Newsela staff on 06.01.17

For over 200 years, the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution have protected the rights and freedom of Americans. Before the declaration was written, America was controlled by the British. A group of early leaders, the Founders, wrote the Declaration of Independence in 1776. In this text, they stated that they would no longer serve the British. After the declaration, the American states fought and defeated the British, and became the United States of America. The Founders wrote the Constitution to describe how the new free government would be run. They also included the rights that American citizens should have.

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 2

Today, people have different backgrounds, cultures, or religions. No matter what, every U.S. citizens has the rights listed in the Constitution. The same goes for new citizens. When someone becomes a U.S. citizen, they take an Oath of Allegiance. This oath is a promise to be loyal and support the country. Louis Brandeis was once a member of the Supreme Court, the highest court in America. This court can have the final word on any legal case. Brandeis once said, “The only title in our democracy superior to that of the President [is] the title of citizens.” The government only has power because of the American people.

Rights of a Citizen Freedom to express yourself. This includes freedom of speech and the freedom to meet in a group peacefully. It also includes the freedom to protest if you think the government has done something wrong. Americans can speak and act as they wish as long as they do not hurt others or stop others from speaking freely. Freedom to worship as you wish. You have the freedom to follow any religion or no religion at all. However, some religious acts can be hurtful and unhealthy for others. The Supreme Court has put some limits on these kinds of actions. Right to a prompt, fair trial. People accused of a crime have the right to a fast and fair trial by a jury. This jury is made of citizens, who should not be prejudiced. Someone accused of a crime is innocent until they are proven guilty.

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 3

Right to keep and bear arms. The Constitution protects your right to have firearms. Citizens have the right to protect themselves, but they can lose this right if they are a danger to others. Criminals do not have this right. Right to vote in elections. You can vote in federal, state, and city elections to choose your leaders. The right to vote stops politicians from having too much power. Instead, it keeps power in the hands of citizens. Right to apply for employment in the government. U.S. citizens can apply for a job working for the government, which can be a rewarding career in the service of the American people. Right to run for elected office. You must become a U.S. citizen if you want to run for office. If you want to run for President or Vice President, you also have to be born in the U.S. Freedom to pursue “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” These words come from the Declaration of Independence. You have the right to choose your own path in life and to set your own goals. Americans can make their own decisions as long as they do not take rights away from others.

Responsibilities of a Citizen Every citizen has rights, but they have responsibilities too. Support and defend the Constitution against all enemies. The Constitution gives all citizens freedom, liberty, and opportunity. However, the Constitution can only exist if citizens support it. If it gets questioned by people from other countries, citizens should defend it. Stay informed. U.S. citizens should learn about the candidates running for office and know about problems in their city, state, and country. Be informed before you vote. Participate in the democratic process. Vote in city, state, and federal elections, because it is the most important responsibility of any citizen.

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 4

Voting is our voice that tells our leaders what needs to be done. Respect and obey federal, state, and local laws. Every person living in the United States must follow federal, state, and city laws. These rules help keep society in order, so that we can have our rights respected.

Participate in your town or city. Be a part of your community and help in any way you can. Go to town hall meetings, volunteer to help others, join a local parent-teacher group, or run for public office. Pay your taxes. Taxes pay for the government, so it can help educate children and adults, keep our country safe, and our people healthy. Paying taxes on time helps all Americans get these important services.

Serve on a jury when called upon. U.S. citizens can serve on a jury to decide fairly if a person is innocent or guilty. Defend the country. You can volunteer to be a part of the Armed Forces of the United States. Today, all our soldiers and sailors are volunteers, but there are also ways to defend our country without fighting. You can volunteer to help with the environment, education, or health care.

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 5

Directions: Circle the BEST answer.

1. Read the paragraph from the introduction.

Louis Brandeis was once a member of the Supreme Court, the highest court in America. This court can have the final word on any legal case. Brandeis once said, “The only title in our democracy superior to that of the President [is] the title of citizens.” The government only has power because of the American people. Which option is an accurate explanation of this paragraph?

A) Brandeis believed that presidents did not always listen to citizens. B) Brandeis believed that American citizens gave the president power. C) Brandeis believed the Supreme Court was more important than the

president. D) Brandeis believed the government did not have to listen to the Supreme

Court.

2. Which sentence from the section “Rights of a Citizen” explains WHY some citizens may NOT have the same rights as others? A) “It also includes the freedom to protest if you think the government has

done something wrong.” B) “However, some religious acts can be hurtful and unhealthy for others.” C) “People accused of a crime have the right to a fast and fair trial by jury.” D) “Citizens have the right to protect themselves, but they can lose this

right if they are a danger to others.”

3. Look at the first two photographs included in the article. What do they show about American citizens? A) all citizens participate in the responsibilities they have. B) Not all citizens are given the rights they have been promised. C) Many citizens understand their rights and responsibilities. D) Many citizens take their rights and responsibilities seriously.

4. Use the section “Responsibilities of a Citizen” and the two images included

there to select the TRUE statement. A) can vote on whether to keep parts of the Constitution. B) There are many different ways to participate in your community. C) People who do not pay taxes will have to work for the government. D) You can choose not to serve on a jury by doing other volunteer work.

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 6

Grade 5 Social Studies

SS 7

Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens Final Task

Directions: Choose one of the tasks below to show what you have learned about the rights and responsibilities of United States citizens and how these rights and responsibilities are connected. Option 1 – Sketch and color a mural that depicts the rights and responsibilities that citizens of the United States have and how they connect to one another.

Option 2 – Create a script for a play or television show the centers on the rights and responsibilities that citizens of the United States have and how they connect to one another. Develop fictional characters and scenarios.

Option 3 – Write a letter to the “future you” to open when you turn 18. In this letter, explain some of the rights the future you will have but also the responsibilities they will have to uphold as a citizen of the United States.