Lessons 7 - 8

Present Continuous Tense Formation (1)

Statement clause:

Present Simple of to be + present participle

(am, is, are + verb + ing)

I am working now.

She is waiting for me.

Present Continuous Tense Formation (2)

Questions are formed by inversion of the subject and verb to be.

I am working now.

Am I working now?

Negative

I am not working now.

Present Continuous Tense Usage

Action that happens at the moment of

speaking or near the present moment.

now, at the moment, these days

Present Continuous Tense Auxilliary verb “to be”

Singular plural

1 I am being We are being

2 You are being You are being

3He is being They are being

She is being

It is being

Past Continuous Tense Formation (1)

Statement clause:

Past Simple of to be + present participle

(was/were + verb + ing)

I was working all day yesterday.

Past Continuous TenseFormation (2)

Questions

Inversion

I was working all day yesterday.

Was I working all day yesterday.

Negative

I was not working all day yesterday.

Past Continuous TenseUsage

Two actions in the past at the same time (while)

They were playing while we were singing. The action interrupted by another action in past

tense (when)

We were talking when he entered the room. The action that lasted for some time in past.

She was studying all day yesterday.

Past Continuous Tense

Auxilliary verb “to be”

Singular plural

1 I was being We were being

2 You were being You were being

3He was being They were being

She was being

It was being

Adjectives

Adjectives are words used for closerdefinition of the noun/nouns. They show the presence of a certain feature

and usually stand in front of a noun.She is a smart lady.They are responsible persons. If there is more than one adjective in front of

a noun, they are not linked with and. I saw a big bad grey wolf in the wood.Colour adjectives usually come at the end.

Adjectives (2)

Adjectives can also stand after certain verbs:be, become, seem, feel, look (=seem), get

She seems nervous.I am getting tired.We are late. If there is more than one adjective after these

werbs, and should be put before the last oneHe was dark, tall and handsome.

The degree of presence of a certain feature is defined by the comparison of adjectives.

Comparison of Adjectives (1)Three degrees of comparison:

Positive

He is a good man. Comparative

Mary is taller than Jane. Superlative

This is the most beautiful flat in the world.

Comparison of Adjectives (2)The comparison of adjectives can be made infour ways:

One-syllable adjectivesrich - richer - the richestnice - nicer - the nicest

If an adjective ends in one wovel and oneconsonant, the consonant is doubled in comparison (except w):

fat - fatter - the fattesthot - hotter - the hottestslow - slower - the slowest

Comparison of Adjectives (2)

Two-syllable adjectives ending in -y: -y -i + er, est

lovely - lovelier - the loveliest

hungry - hungrier - the hungriest

Most of other two-syllable and longer adjectives:

beautiful - more beautiful - the most beautiful

intelligent - more intelligent - the most intelligent

Comparison of Adjectives (3)

Irregular comparison

good - better - the best

little - less - the least

bad - worse - the worst

far - further/farther - the furthest/the farthest