Lesson One: Machine Configurations Turning Center Programming And Operation Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc

Lesson One:Machine Configurations

Turning CenterProgramming And Operation

Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc.

2Key

ConceptNumber

OneCYCLESTART

FEEDHOLD

EDIT

AUTO

MDI JOG

HANDLE

ZERORETURNMODE

0%

100%

200%

FEEDRATEOVERRIDE

10%

25% 50%

100%

RAPIDOVERRIDE

1

12

TURRET INDEX2

345

67

8 9 10 11

SLOW FAST

EMERGENCYSTOP

FANUC 10T

POWERON

OFF

O N G P AX Y Z Q BI J K R C

F D H L #M S T /EOB

U V W

Sp

E ? @ @,

[ ] ( ) *

PAGE CURSOR

SHIFT

7 8 94 5 61 2 3- 0+ = CAN

RESET

START

CALC

INPUT

NC/PC

AUX

X00.0000Z00.0000

X ZX1

X10X100

0

ON

OFFDRYRUN

SINGLEBLOCK

MACHINELOCK

OPTIONALSTOP

BLOCKDELETE

X+

X-

Z-

JOYSTICK

Z+

ON OFF

SPINDLE

ORIGIN

X Z

0%100%

130%

SPINDLE LOAD

0%100%

130%

AXIS LOAD

X Z

OD ID

CLAMPDIRECTION

OFF ON

MEMORYPROTECT

CHUCK TAILSTOCKKey concept #1From programmer’s viewpoint

You must understand the machine you’ll be working with!

From operator’s viewpointKey concept #7

In key concept #1 we look at the machine from a programmer’s viewpoint

In key concept #7 we look at the machine from an operator’s viewpoint

3Key

ConceptNumber

One


Machine configurationsUnderstanding turning center feeds and speedsGeneral flow of CNC UsageVisualizing the execution of a CNC programUnderstanding program zeroDetermining program zero assignment valuesThree ways to assign program zero

Seven Lessons

4Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

5Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

6Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

7Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

8Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

9Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

10Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

11Key

ConceptNumber

One



Seven Lessons

This is the longest of

the key concepts!

12

Lesson Number One:

Machine Configurations

13Lesson One Lesson Plan

Basic machining practice Machine configurations

Universal slant bedChucker slant bedTwin spindle horizontalSingle/twin spindle verticalMill/turn machines

Programmable functions

















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Presentation linksKey concept #1Basic machining practiceMachine configurations

Universal slant bedChuckerTwin spindle horizontalSub-spindleSingle spindle verticalTwin spindle verticalMill / turnGang styleSliding headstock

Programmable featuresTurretSpindleFeedrateCoolant

19

Basic Machining Practice

The Key To Proper CNC Machine Usage!

You must understand basic machining practice as it relates to turning centers

20Though basic machining practice is beyond the scope of this course…

…you must understand:Machining operations

Rough turning/finish turningRough boring/finish boringDrillingTappingThreadingGrooving/neckingKnurling

Like:


…you must understand:Machining operationsProcessing

Development of the machining order by which the workpiece is produced

Processing:



You must be able to determine spindle speed, feedrate, and depth of cut based

upon cutting tool material workpiece material, and rigidity of setup

Cutting conditions



You must be able to design safe work-holding setups

Cutting conditionsWork-holding setups



You must understand all aspects of basic machining practice in order to write safe, workable CNC programs

Cutting conditionsWork-holding setupsBlueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.



You must understand all aspects of basic machining practice in order to write safe, workable CNC programs

Cutting conditionsWork-holding setupsBlueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.

If you feel weak in your basic machining practice skills…

See pages 1-1 through 1-37 in the

student manual!

26

Machine Configurations

Turning centers are available in several styles

27There are many forms of CNC turning centers…

Universal slant bed Chucker slant bed Twin spindle horizontal Single spindle vertical Twin spindle vertical Mill/turn machines Gang type Sliding headstock

In all cases…X will be the diameter controlling axisZ will be the length controlling axis

28There are many forms of CNC turning centers…

Universal slant bed Chucker slant bed Twin spindle horizontal Single spindle vertical Twin spindle vertical Mill/turn machines Gang type Sliding headstock

In all cases…X will be the diameter controlling axisZ will be the length controlling axis

Universal style slant bed turning center

Front view of machine

Headstock & Spindle


Work-holding Device


Tailstock

BodyQuill

Center



Turret

34


A universal slant bed turning center can perform all types of turning applications:

Chucker workShaft workBar work

That’s why it’s called a “universal” style

Z Axis- +


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Z Axis- +

Z is the length controlling axis

X A

xis

-

+


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X A

xis

-

+


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X A

xis

-

+


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xis

-

+


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xis

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+


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xis

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+


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xis

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+


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xis

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+


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xis

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xis

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xis

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xis

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xis

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xis

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xis

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+


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xis

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xis

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+


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xis

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xis

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X A

xis

-

+


X is the diameter controlling axis

X A

xis

-

+

3.000

X3.0


X is DIAMETERIf you want to turn a 3.0 inch diameter…

X3.0 will be the commanding word

96

X A

xis

-

+

3.000

X3.0


X is DIAMETER

Once again:X is always the diameter-controlling axisZ is always the length controlling axis

Also:X+: always gets bigger in diameterZ+: always away from the spindle

Though some machine tool builders reverse the polarity of the X axis

Documents

Lesson One: Machine Configurations Turning Center Programming And Operation Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc