Lesson 15 - Having fun in the city

41Lesson 15 - Having fun in the city e-Tec Brasil

Lesson 15 - Having fun in the city

Objetivos

• Reconhecernomesdelocaiseatividadesdelazer,ouvindoeassociandoovocabulárioàimagem;

• Relataratividadesdelazerrealizadasemummomentoespecíficodopassado,utilizandooPast Simple;

• Perguntarsobreatividadesdelazerrealizadasemummomentoespecíficodopassado,utilizandooPast Simple;

• ExpressaraçõesnoPast Simplefazendousodapronúnciacorretadosufixo-ed.

Herewego!1. What did you do over the weekend?Finais de semana são tradicionalmente períodos dedicados à diversão.Ainda que se tenha que estudar oumesmo trabalhar, algum tempo, pormenorque seja, é utilizadopara relaxar.Assim, quandoa semana inicia,umadasperguntasmaisfrequentesquefazemoseouvimoséSo, what did you do over the weekend?Pararesponderaestapergunta,vocêconheceráovocabulárioreferenteaoslocaisdediversão,comotheme parks,porexemplo.

Nesta aula você também verá alguns verbos regulares e irregulares quepermitirãoquevocêfalesobreaçõesocorridasemummomentoespecíficonopassadoutilizandooPast Simple.

English421ª ed. rev. e atual.

Warmingup2. Having fun in the cityDube ainda está bastante deprimido depois da discussão entre ele eChristine.Billy,preocupado,tentaanimaroamigolevando-oparapassearem um theme park. Em alguns momentos da conversa, os garotos sereferemaaçõesocorridasnopassado,acompanheodiálogoaseguir.

Billy: Youdidn’tgetthemessage,didyou?

Dube: It’snotthateasy,Billy.Ihadeverythingplanned,andshetellsmethatshe’s

leavingtown!

Dube: Ihadeverythingplanned,andshetellsmethatshe’sleavingtown!

Billy: Maybeyou’reoverreacting;maybeit’snotthatbigofadeal.

Dube Yeah,Idoneedtocooldown.

Billy: Youshouldgoforarideontherollercoaster.

Dube: Yeah,itiswinter,butifit’sopen,I’llgo.It’sagreatwaytochillout.Aren’tyou

coming?

Billy: Nah,I’mgoingtomeetCarlyattheFerriswheel.

Dube: Whatawomanizer.Seeyaaround.

Billy: Goodbye,chap.

Ostheme parkssãolocaisdeentretenimentoondemuitaspessoasbuscamdiversão em seus momentos de descanso. Existem outras atividadesde lazerquepodemos realizareoutros lugaresquepodemosvisitaron weekend.Acompanheovocabuláriorelacionadoafun places.

Audio

Integrated mediaAcesseamídiaTheme

ParkparaacompanharaconversaentreDubeeBilly.

GlossaryOverreacting:exagerando

Chill out:espairecerWomanizer: cafajeste

Lesson 15 - Having fun in the city 43 e-Tec Brasil

3. Getting the hang of it

3.1 Fun placesQuando se trata de diversão, existem vários locais onde as pessoasreúnem-seemseuleisure time.Vejaalgunsdelesaseguir:

Party The movies Theater

Park Amusement park Theme park

Concert Flea market Garage sale

rty

No diálogo que você acompanhou, Dube e Billy conversaram sobrealgumas atrações que Dube poderia experimentar para tentar sedescontrairumpouco.Veja,aseguir,ovocabulárioreferenteaatraçõesoferecidasemumamusement parkouemumtheme park:

Audio

GlossaryLeisure time: tempodelazerParty: festaThe movies/cinema: cinemaTheater:teatroPark: parqueAmusement park:parquedediversõesTheme park: parquetemáticoConcert: concerto;showFlea market: mercadodepulgasGarage sale:vendadegaragem

Dark ridesFerris wheel Water ridesRoler coaster

GlossaryFerris wheels:roda-giganteRoller coaster:montanha-russaWater rides: tobogãsDark rides:tremfantasma


Comestevocabuláriovocêpoderáencontrarcommaiorfacilidadeumlugarparasedivertir.TestesuaaprendizagemrealizandoaActivity Fun weekend.Umparkéumlocalconvidativopararealizarmosdiferentesleisure activities,aseguiracompanhealgunsverbosrelacionadosaestetema.

3.2 Leisure activitiesNeste tópicovocêpoderá relembraralgunsverbosassociadosà leisure activities.Nosexemplosqueacompanham,osverbosestãonopassado,poissetratamdeaçõesquejáaconteceram.Acompanheaseguiralgunsverbosregulares:

To cycle

He cycled from home towork last Monday.

To jog

She jogged for an hour after school.

To hike

They hiked in Scotland lastspring.

To play (a musical instrument)

He played guitar last night.

To play game

We played some boardgames on Sunday.

To skiHe skied for down the

montain at a high speed.

To surfI surfed in Hawaii last

summer.

To danceWe danced a lot at

the party.

To skate

She skated beautifully atchampionship.

To play

I played with my dog thismorning.

To sail

They sailed for hoursyesterday.

To roller-skate

He roller-skated alongthe street.

To listen toThis morning I listened to

music in my bedroom.

To watchHe watched a horrormovie on Saturday.

To paintHe painted a plate of

fruit on canvas.

To cookThey cooked a delicious

dinner.

To visitYou visited your friends

last weekend.

To walkI walked a lot

yesterday.

Learning activity Fun weekend

Audio

GlossaryTo play: brincar

To play a musical instrument: tocarinstrumentomusical

To play game:jogar+jogo/esporte

To cycle: pedalar;andardebicicleta

To jog: correrTo hike: fazer(uma)caminhada

To skate:patinarTo roller-skate: patinar

(sobrerodas)To sail: velejar


To cycle

He cycled from home towork last Monday.

To jog

She jogged for an hour after school.

To hike

They hiked in Scotland lastspring.

To play (a musical instrument)

He played guitar last night.

To play game

We played some boardgames on Sunday.

To skiHe skied for down the

montain at a high speed.

To surfI surfed in Hawaii last

summer.

To danceWe danced a lot at

the party.

To skate

She skated beautifully atchampionship.

To play

I played with my dog thismorning.

To sail

They sailed for hoursyesterday.

To roller-skate

He roller-skated alongthe street.

To listen toThis morning I listened to

music in my bedroom.

To watchHe watched a horrormovie on Saturday.

To paintHe painted a plate of

fruit on canvas.

To cookThey cooked a delicious

dinner.

To visitYou visited your friends

last weekend.

To walkI walked a lot

yesterday.

Natabelaaseguirlistamosalgunsverbosirregulares:

Zapatería

33

To write

He wrote emails to hisfriends in te USA.

To do

She did some yoga exercises in the afternoon.

To sing

They sang together at theparty.

To run

They ran the marathonon friday.

To read

I read a great book lastweekend.

To go (somewhere)

She went the movies onSunday.

To swin

She swan at the beachyesterday

To go shopping

She went shopping forclothes last week.

To go out

My friends and I went outlast night.

GlossaryTo ski: esquiarTo surf: surfarTo dance:dançarTo listen to:escutarTo watch: assistirTo paint:pintarTo cook:cozinharTo visit: visitarTo walk: caminhar

Audio

GlossaryTo swim: nadarTo run: correrTo read:ler


Zapatería

33

To write

He wrote emails to hisfriends in te USA.

To do

She did some yoga exercises in the afternoon.

To sing

They sang together at theparty.

To run

They ran the marathonon friday.

To read

Iread a great book lastweekend.

To go (somewhere)

She went the movies onSunday.

To swin

She swan at the beachyesterday

To go shopping

She went shopping forclothes last week.

To go out

My friends and I went outlast night.

Aproveiteparalembrar,conformevistonaLesson 11,quevocêpodeutilizaracombinaçãoverboTo Go + activityparareferir-seaatividadesfísicasealgunsesportes.Quandovocêestiverfalandonopassado,oGoéoverboqueindicaráestetempo.Observe:

Present Past

to go dancing went dancing

to go swimming went swimming

to go sailing went sailing

Agoraquevocêjárelembroueconheceumaisalgunsverbosrelacionadosaleisure activites,chegouahoradeexercitá-los!AcesseasActivities Extended holidayeFun with friendsparapraticaressasnovaspalavraseexpressões.

No tópico a seguir você conhecerá o tempo verbal Past Simple, usadoquandoqueremosnosreferiraaçõesqueaconteceramnopassado.

GlossaryTo write:escrever

To do: fazerTo sing:cantar

To go (somewhere):ira(algumlugar)

To go out:sair(socialmente)To go shopping:irfazercompras

Audio

Learning activityExtended holidayFun with friends


3.3 Past Simple - affirmative form: regular verbsNodomingoànoite,CarlyconversacomChristinesobreoquefezduranteo finaldesemana.Veja:

Christine: So,Carly,whatdidyoudoovertheweekend?DidyougooutonSaturday?

Ididn’tseeyouorRosaallweekend!

Carly: Yeah,Iknow…Well…OnSaturdayitwassnowing,soIstayedhome.

Christine: Ahan…

Carly: OnSundaytheweathergotbetter,therewasevenabitofsunshine,sowe

wenttoSixFlagsPark.

Christine: Ahan…theamusementpark…Didyoutryalltherides?

Carly: Somewereclosedforwinter,butwehadarideonmostattractionsandwe

enjoyedtheparksomuch…andIwentontheFerriswheelwithBilly!

Christine: Hmm…

Carly: Whataboutyou?Howwasyourweekend?

Christine: Itwasterrible…Idecidedtostayinmybedroomallweekendandavoid

Dube.OnSaturday I readabook, listened tosomemusicand IwatchedTV,but

everything remindedme of him. Then on Sunday I slept allmorning and in the

afternoonIwroteanarticle.AtnightIwenttobedquiteearly.Ididn’thavelunchor

dinner.IthoughtofmymiserablelifeallnightlongwhenIfinallyslept!Ididn’tcall

myfamilyaswell….

Carly: Oh,I’msorry…butacalmweekendwasimportantforyouto

organizeyourplans.

Christine: Ittrulywas!And...didyouhearanythingfromDube?

Carly: Yes,Idid!

LO.

HI.

LO.

HI.

LO.

HI.

LO.

HI.

LO.

HI.

200°F

500°F

350°F


CarlyeChristineestãoreferindo-seaaçõesqueaconteceramover the weekend,porestemotivo,osverbosquedesignamestasaçõesestãonopassado.

VocêjáviunaLesson14,aoestudaroPast Simple,queestetempoverbalselimitaaações concluídasequeocorreramem um momento determinado(quer dizer, sabidoou conhecido)e específico. Seus verbosdividem-seemdoisgrupos,regulare irregular.Aosverbosregularesacrescenta-seaterminação-ed.Jáosirregularesassumemdiferentesconjugações.

Emportuguês,dizer:“Eufuiaocinema”e“Eufuiaocinemaontem”,nãoimplicautilizartemposverbaisdiferentes,éapenasumaquestãodesedarmaisinformação.Jáeminglês,ofatodeespecificarquando(nopassado)aaçãoocorreuindicaousodoPast Simple.Observeoexemplo:

Nósdançamosnopubontem.

We danced atthepubyesterday.

Noexemploquevocêacabadeler,ousodoadvérbiodetempoyesterday indica que a oração deve empregar o PastSimple. E danced por ter aterminação-edpertenceaogrupodosregular verbs.

É necessário um pouco de atenção à escrita dos regular verbs aoacrescentar-seo-ed,poispodemacontecermodificações.Observe:

Seoverbojáterminaem“e”,nãoénecessáriorepeti-lo:apenasacrescenta-se“d”.Porexemplo:

Infinitive Past simple

cycle cycled

skate skated

Se o verbo terminado em “y” for precedido por uma vogal, apenasacrescenta-seo-ed.Entretanto,seeleterminarem“y”precedidoporumaconsoante,retira-seo“y”eacrescenta-se-ied.Observe:


play played

study studied

Audio


Se o verbo tem uma sílaba e suas três últimas letras são a sequênciaconsoante+ vogal+ consoante (CVC), antesdeo -ed ser acrescentadorepete-seaúltimaletradoverbo.Verifique:


stop stopped

drop dropped

jog jogged

plan planned

O mesmo ocorre se o verbo tiver as seguintes características: duassílabas; suas três últimas letras forem uma sequência de consoante +vogal+consoante (CVC); a sílaba tônica (stressed syllable) foraúltima.Porexemplo:


regret regretted

Seoverboterminaem“ic”,acrescenta-se“k”antesdo-ed.Porexemplo:


panic panicked

Asregrasapresentadasseaplicamaosverbosregulares.AseguirvocêconheceráaconjugaçãodealgunsverbosirregularesdoPast Simple.

Audio


3.4 Past Simple - affirmative form: irregular verbsEm relação aos irregular verbs, é inevitável ter que memorizar suasformasdePast Simple.Paraestudá-las,osverbospodemserorganizadosemgrupos,deacordocomaescrita.Acompanhe:

•Verbosquenãomudamsuaforma:

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PORTUGUÊS

to cost cost custar

to cut cut cortar

to fit fit servir; caber

to hurt hurt ferir; machucar; doer

to let let deixar; permitir

to put put colocar

to quit quit deixar; abandonar (uma atividade)

to read read ler

to shut shut fechar

•Verbosquemudamsuaforma:


to begin began começar

to break broke quebrar

to bring brought trazer

to build built construir

to buy bought comprar

to choose chose escolher

to drink drank beber

to eat ate comer

to feel felt sentir

to fly flew voar

to forget forgot esquecer

to get got conseguir

to give gave dar

to have had ter; possuir

to hide hid esconder

to know knew saber; conhecer

to leave left sair; deixar

Getting onAcesseamídiaIrregularVerbs-PastSimpleparateracessoaumalistamaiscompletade

verbosirregularesnopassado.Paraescutarapronúnciadosverbos,acesseoDicionárioCambridgeonlineemhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/



to lose lost perder

to make made fazer

to meet met encontrar (pessoas)

to pay paid pagar

to ride rode andar

to say said dizer

to see saw ver

to sell sold vender

to send sent enviar

to show showed mostrar

to sing sang cantar

to sit sat sentar(-se)

to sleep slept dormir

to speak spoke falar

to spend spent gastar (dinheiro) / passar (tempo)

to take took pegar

to teach taught ensinar

to tell told contar

to think thought pensar; achar

to understand understood compreender

to wake woke acordar

to wear wore vestir; usar

to write wrote escrever

Após estudar diversos verbos no Past Simple, é importante praticá-lospara que você possautilizá-los demaneira adequada.Por isso, acesseasActivities Weekende24h out.NopróximotópicovocêestudaráaformanegativaeinterrogativadoPast Simple.

Mind the gapOverboRide acompanhaváriossubstantivosquandosequerdizerque“andamosdealgumacoisa”,porexemplo:ride a bike, ride a horse, ride the rollar coaster.

Mind the gapOverbTotake,aoseracompanhadopordiferentessubstantivos,assumirá:diferentessentidos.Veja:takeabustakeamedicinetakeashowertakephotostakealook

Learning activityWeekend24h out


3.5 Past Simple - negative and interrogative formsNasLessons anterioresvocêestudouoPresent Simpleeousodoverboauxiliardo.Antesdeconheceroauxiliardopassado,vejaalgunsexemplosdousodesteauxiliary verbnopresente:

Present Simple

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

They go to the park on Sundays.

They don’t go to the park on Sundays.

Do they go to the park on Sundays?

She enjoys the rides on the roller coaster.

She doesn’t enjoy the rides on the roller coaster.

Does she enjoy the rides on the roller coaster?

ParaformaroPast Simple,substitui-sedo(auxiliar verb no presente)pordid(auxiliar verbnopassado).

No diálogo a seguir, Christine não contém sua curiosidade, e perguntaaCarlysobreDube.Observeomodocomoasaçõesdopassadoestãosendocontadas:

Christine: And...didyouhearanythingfromDube?

Carly: Well….Iknowhe’sprettyupset!HewenttothethemeparkwithBilly.Hedidn’t

reallyenjoytherides!Theytalkedaboutyou...andDubemissesyou,buthedidn’tlike

yourreactionattherestaurant…Hewonaducktoyatthehighstrikerandthrewitaway.

Christine: Ialsodidn’tlikethefactbuthedoesn’twantmetogotoNY.See,Idon’t

wannahearfromDubeanymore!AndIdidn’twantthatstupidducktoyanyway...

Carly: O...K…

Audio

Mind the gapWannaéumaformaabreviada

dewant to,utilizadoemcontextoinformal.


ObservequenaperguntadeChristinesobreDubeelautilizoudid,queestáposicionadoantesdosujeito.Veja:

DidyouhearanythingfromDube?

Jánasfrasesnegativas,asgarotasusamdidn’tqueéacontraçãode did juntoàpartículanegativanot.Verifique:

Hedidn’treallyenjoytherides!

A tabela a seguir sintetiza o uso doPast Simple nas formasafirmativas(usodosverbosregulareseirregulares),negativas(usododidn’teverbonoinfinitivo)einterrogativas (usododidantesdosujeitoeverbonoinfinitivo):

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

He went to the theme park.

He didn’t go to the theme park.

Did he go to the theme park?

Chegouahoradepraticar os conteúdos estudadosaté estemomento.Paraisso,realizeasActivities Victor’s trip,Carly and BillyeRosa’s trip!Ofinal-eddosverbosnoPast Simplepossuivariaçõesquantoasuapronúncia.Esteseráotemaabordadonotópicoaseguir.

Outloud3.6 Pronunciation of -ed endingsOssonsda línguamaternamuitasvezes influenciama formacomoaspessoaspronunciamosda línguaestrangeira.Nocasodoportuguêsedo inglês, o final -ed dos verbos regulares costuma gerar um pequenoproblemaparaosbrasileiros,poiselenãoépronunciadocomoseimaginaoucomoénossatendêncianatural,querdizer,comosefosse“êd”ou“éd”.

Existemtrêspossíveispronúnciasparaofinal -ed,equaldelasdeveserutilizadadependedosomfinaldoverbonoinfinitivo.Observe:

•Verbosterminadosemsomdel - n - m - r - b - v - g - w - y - zouditongostêmofinal-edcomapronúnciade/d/.

Audio

Learning activityVictor’s tripCarly and BillyRosa’s trip


Infinitive Past Simple

to call called

to clean cleaned

to perform performed

to repair repaired

to comb combed

to live lived

to tag tagged

to allow allowed

to cry cried

to buzz buzzed

to play played

•Verbosterminadosemp - k - s - ch - sh - f - x têmofinal-edcomapronúnciade/t/.


to stop stopped

to look looked

to miss missed

to watch watched

to wash washed

to stuff stuffed

to mix mixed

Audio


Verbosterminadosem tedtêmofinal-edcomapronúnciade/id/.


to end ended

to add added

to hunt hunted

to need needed

to fold folded

to sound sounded

to count counted

Repetir essas palavras ajudará a aperfeiçoar a sua pronúncia. Apósexercitar seu listening e seu speaking, acompanheumabreve descriçãosobreatradiçãodosparquestemáticosnosEstadosUnidos.

Catchingaglimpse4. Theme parks in the USA

OneofthefavoriteleisureactivitiesforAmericanpeopleandfortouristsvisitingtheUSAisgoingtoanamusement parkoratheme park.Theyconsistofagroupofentertainmentattractions,rides,andothereventsinalocationfortheenjoymentoflargenumbersofpeople.Incommonlanguage,theterms themepark andamusement park areoftensynonymous.However,a themeparkcanberegardedasadistinctstyleofamusementpark.A

Audio

GlossaryTo be regarded:serconsideradoLandscaping: paisagismoBuildings:prédiosTo range: variarSmaller: menor(es)Simpler:maissimplesHave emerged:surgiramAdmission fees: taxadeentradaNo charge: sempagarTo purchase: comprar,adquirirEither... or...:ou...ou...Exchange method: métododetrocaToken: ficha(tipomoeda)To charge: cobrarSingle:único/aAs often as: tãofrequentemente(tantasvezes)quantoWish: quererFare on sale: tarifaàvendaEntire: inteiroThe newest: asatraçõesmaisnovasHolders priority:prioridadeaosportadores


themeparkhaslandscaping,buildings,andattractionsthatarebasedononeormorespecificthemesorstories,suchasamovie,comicsorcartooncharactersandevenwildandseaanimals.

Theamusementpark industry’sofferings range from large themeparkssuchasWalt Disney WorldandUniversal Studios Hollywoodtosmallerandmedium-sizedthemeparks.Evensimpler themeparksaimedatsmallerchildrenhaveemerged, suchasLegoland. Traditional amusementparksnowalsohavethesecompetitionareasinadditiontotheirthrillrides.

Amusementparkssurvivefromadmissionfeespaidbyguestsattendingthe park, and their profit is complemented by parking fees, food andbeveragesalesandsouvenirs.

Practically all amusement parks operate using one of two admissionprinciples: pay-as-you-go or pay-one-price. In amusement parks using the pay-as-you-goscheme,aguestenterstheparkat littleornocharge.He/shemustthenpurchaseridesindividually,eitherattheattraction’sentranceorbypurchasingridetickets(orasimilarexchangemethod,likeatoken).On theotherhand, anamusementparkusing thepay-one-price schemewillchargeguestsasingle,largeadmissionfee.Theguestscanthenusemostoftheattractionsintheparkasoftenastheywishduringtheirvisit.Adailyadmissionpass(daypass)isthemostbasicfareonsale,butthereareseasonticketswhichofferadmissionfortheentireoperatingyear(plusspecialprivilegesforthenewestattractions),andexpresspasses(orVIP)passeswhichgiveholderspriorityinthelinesforpopularattractions.


5. That’s a wrapEnquantovisitavamothemepark,numdomingo,DubeconversoucomBillysobreseudesentendimentocomChristine.Apartirdessasituaçãovocêconheceualgumaspalavrasrelacionadasaouniversodeumamusementoutheme park.Aindanotheme park,BillyencontrouCarlyeelestambémconversaramsobreasituaçãodeDube.

Nasegunda,CarlycomentacomChristinequeviuDubenoparqueeelaficacuriosaparasabermaisdetalhessobreoqueaconteceu.NessaconversaelasutilizaramverbosnoPast Simple. Comeste tempoverbal é possívelfalardeaçõesqueaconteceramnummomentodeterminadonopassado.VocêtambémestudoualgunsverbosregulareseirregularesnoPast Simple,bemcomoousododidparacomporfrasesinterrogativasenegativas.


Documents

Lesson 15 - Having fun in the city