Legislative Changes 2007-Summer 2013

8/13/2019 Legislative Changes 2007-Summer 2013

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Criminalization & Punishment Legislative Changes

39thParliament/April 200641stParliament/ July 2013

Prepared by: Criminalization and Punishment Education Project (CPEP)


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Contents

Note to the reader................................................................................................................................... 3

39thParliament, Session 1 (Royal Assent only) ......................................................................................... 4





41stParliament, Session 1 ...................................................................................................................... 10

Useful links ............................................................................................................................................ 17


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Note to the reader:

Below, there is a comprehensive table of the legislative changes related to criminalization and

punishment that have been imposed or are impending form April 2006 to July 2013. Each Bill is

hyper-linked to the Parliament of Canada website where the full-text can be found and reviewed.

For each imposed or impending legislative change or addition, there is a brief description of thescope of the change.


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39thParliament, Session 1 (Royal Assent only)

Bill Name Stage Noteworthy legislative

change(s)

C-9An Act to amend theCriminal Code (ConditionalSentence of Imprisonment)

Royal Assent: May 2007 Terrorism offences, offenceswith serious bodily injury andoffences that proceed byindictment with a maximumterm of imprisonment being

10 or more years are noteligible for conditionalsentences.

C-18An Act to amendcertain Acts in relation toDNA identification

Royal Assent: June 2007 Specifies provisions for DNAorders for sentenced,discharged, and NCR.

C-19An Act to amend theCriminal Code (Street Racing)and to make a consequentialamendment to the Correctionsand Conditional Release Act

Royal Assent: December 2006 Creates the offence of streetracing, increases punishmentfor street racing and providesminimum prohibitions.

C-277An Act to Amend theCriminal Code (luring a child) Royal Assent: June 2007 Increase of maximumpunishment from five to 10years for indictment, 18months for summaryconviction.
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Bill Name Stage Synopsis

C-2An Act to amend theCriminal Code and to make

consequential amendments toother ActsTackling Violent Crime Act

Royal Assent: February 2008 Create two new firearmoffences and provide

escalating mandatorysentences of imprisonment forserious firearm offences.Strengthen bail conditions foraccused persons of seriousoffences involving firearm.Provide more sentencing andmonitoring of dangerous andhigh-risk offenders.Introduce regime for detectingand investigating drug

impaired driving.Raise age of consent forsexual activity from 14 to 16.

C-13An Act to amend theCriminal Code (CriminalProcedure, Language of theAccused, Sentencing and otherAmendments)

Royal Assent: 2008 Power to order offender not tocommunicate with person incustody and create newoffence for failing to comply.Delay sentencing so offendercan participate in provinciallyapproved treatment program.Increase maximum fine for

summary conviction to $5000.
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Nothing received RoyalAssent


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C-14An Act to amend theCriminal Code (Organized

Crime and Protection ofJustice System Participants)

Royal Assent: June 2009 Make murder committed inconnection with criminal

organization first degreemurder.Create offences ofintentionally dischargingfirearm while being reckless,assaulting a peace officer witha weapon or causing bodilyharm and aggravated assaultof a peace officer.Extend duration of arecognizance of up to two

years for certain offences.C-25An Act to amend theCriminal Code (LimitingCredit for Time Spent in Pre-Sentencing Custody)Truth in Sentencing Act

Royal Assent: October 2009 Limits credit for time-servedto a 1:1 ratio but 1.5:1 is anexception with reasons.

S-4An Act to amend theCriminal Code (Identity Theftand Related Misconduct)

Royal Assent: October 2009 Create offences of identitytheft, trafficking in identityinformation and possession ortrafficking in government-issued identity documents.
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C-21An Act to amend theCriminal Code (Sentencing for

Fraud)Standing up for Victims of

White Collar Crime Act

Royal Assent: March 2011 Mandatory minimum sentenceof imprisonment for two years

for fraud that exceeds $1million.Provide aggravating factorsfor sentencing.Provide discretionaryprohibition order for convictedperson to be prevented fromhaving authority over moneyor property.Clarify that court mayconsider community impact

statements from communityharmed from fraud.

C-23AAn Act to amend theCriminal Records ActLimiting Pardons for SeriousCrimes Act

Royal Assent: June 2010 Extends ineligibility period forpardon applications andoutlines factors for NPB toconsider when granting apardon.

C-30An Act to amend theCriminal CodeResponse to the Supreme

Court of Canada Decision in

R. v. Shoker Act

Royal Assent: March 2011 Allow a court to requireoffender or defendant toprovide sample of bodilysubstance to ensure

compliance with prohibitionon consuming drug or alcoholimposed in probation order,sentence order or arecognizance.

C-48An Act to amend theCriminal Code and to makeconsequential amendments tothe National Defence ActProtecting Canadians byEnding Sentence Discounts for

Multiple Murders Act

Royal Assent: March 2011 Parole inadmissibility periodfor offenders of multiplemurders.

C-59 An Act to amend theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act (acceleratedparole review)Abolition of Early Parole Act

Royal Assent: March 2011 Eliminates accelerated parolereview.

C-268An Act to amend the Royal Assent: June 2010 Minimum punishment of
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Criminal Code (minimumsentence for offencesinvolving trafficking ofpersons under the age ofeighteen years)

imprisonment for a term offive years for offencesinvolving trafficking personunder 18.

C-464An Act to amend theCriminal Code (justificationfor detention in custody)

Royal Assent: December 2010 Allows detention of accused(including young people) incustody when necessary forsafety or protection of thepublic.

C-475An Act to amend theControlled Drugs andSubstances Act(methamphetamine andecstasy)

Royal Assent: March 2011 Prohibition of contents used inproduction ofmethamphetamine or ecstasy.

S-2An Act to amend the

Criminal Code and other ActsProtecting Victims From SexOffenders Act

Royal Assent: December 2010 Enhances use and compliance

with Sex OffenderInformation Registration Actand allows police to use thedatabase proactively.

S-6An Act to amend theCriminal Code and anotherAct

Royal Assent: March 2011 Early parole eligibility ofpersons convicted of murderor high treasonAmends International Transferof Offenders Act, particularlyin relation to parole eligibility.

S-9An Act to amend the

Criminal Code (auto theft andtrafficking in propertyobtained by crime)Tackling Auto Theft andProperty Crime Act

Sponsor

Royal Assent: November 2010 Create offences in connection

with theft of motor vehicleand tampering with VIN.Create offences in traffickingin property or proceedsobtained by crime
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41stParliament, Session 1


Bill C-10An Act to enactthe Justice for Victims ofTerrorism Act and to amendthe State Immunity Act, theCriminal Code, the ControlledDrugs and Substances Act, theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act, the YouthCriminal Justice Act, theImmigration and Refugee

Protection Act and other ActsSafe Streets and Communities

Act

Royal assent: March 2012 Increases and imposesmandatory minimumsentences for somesexual offences relatedto children and createsoffences of makingsexually explicitmaterial available tochildren.

Expand prohibitions of non-

contact and use ofdigital networks.

Restrict availability ofconditional sentences

Amend CDSA to createminimum penalties forCannabis production.

Amend CCRA to makeprotection of societyparamountconsideration.

Establish right for victim tomake statements andhave disclosure ofinformation.

Renames pardons to recordsuspensions, extendineligibility periodsand makes someoffences ineligible.

Amends YCJA sentencingprovisions to include

denunciation anddeterrence, makeschanges to publicationbans and custodyprovisions. It requiresrecords to be kept ofEJMs.

C-19An Act to amend the Royal Assent: April 2012 Removes requirement to
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Criminal Code and theFirearms ActEnding the Long-gun RegistryAct

register firearms (longguns/non-restricted) that areneither prohibited norrestricted.

C-26An Act to amend theCriminal Code (citizen's arrestand the defences of propertyand persons)Citizen's Arrest and Self-

defence Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Enables owners of property orother authorized people toarrest within a reasonableamount of time person foundcommitting offices on or inrelation to the property.

C-30An Act to enact theInvestigating and PreventingCriminal ElectronicCommunications Act and to

amend the Criminal Code andother ActsProtecting Children fromInternet Predators Act

First reading: February 2012 Creates obligations fortelecommunication serviceproviders to help withinterception of information.

Adds investigation powers inrelation to new technologiesand powers to intercept privatecommunications.

C-36An Act to amend theCriminal Code (elder abuse)Protecting Canada's SeniorsAct

Royal Assent: December 2012 Adds vulnerability due to ageto the aggravating factors forconsideration at sentencing.

C-37An Act to amend theCriminal Code

Increasing Offenders'Accountability for Victims Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Changes rules over victimsurcharges.

C-42An Act to amend theRoyal Canadian MountedPolice Act and to make relatedand consequentialamendments to other ActsEnhancing Royal CanadianMounted Police

Accountability Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Strengthens the RCMPcomplaints and review bodyand implements a frameworkfor handling serious incidents.Creates mechanisms oftransparency andaccountability.

C-51An Act to amend theWitness Protection ProgramAct and to make aconsequential amendment toanother ActSafer Witnesses Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Expands categories ofwitnesses for inclusion in thewitness protection program.Adds prohibition of disclosurefor people in the program andspecifies when disclosure ispermitted.

C-54An Act to amend the First Reading in Senate: June Makes safety of the public the
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Criminal Code and theNational Defence Act (mentaldisorder)Not Criminally Responsible

Reform Act

2013 paramount consideration indecision-making.Allows for high riskdesignations to be imposedand reviewed by court, not

review board.It enhances involvement ofvictims and makes proceduralamendments.

C-55An Act to amend theCriminal CodeShort TitleResponse to the SupremeCourt of Canada Decision inR. v. Tse Act

Royal Assent: March 2013 Authority to intercept privatecommunications withconditions including:Ministerial reporting;notification to interceptedperson; limitation of offencesfor intercepting.

C-65An Act to amend theControlled Drugs andSubstances ActRespect for Communities Act

First reading: June 2013 Places conditions onsupervised areas for theconsumption of illegal drugs(safe injection sites).Inspectors to set terms andconditions of operations,inspectors able toinspect/search, outlinesconsiderations for granting theexemption.

C-212An Act to amend the

Criminal Code (luring a childoutside Canada)

First reading: June 2011 Creates offence of child luring

which occurred outside ofCanada but can be prosecutedin Canada.

C-213An Act to amend theCriminal Code (means ofcommunication for childluring)

First reading: June 2011 Expands luring of a child toinclude all means ofcommunicating.

C-217An Act to amend theCriminal Code (mischiefrelating to war memorials)

Second Reading in Senate:March 2013

Creates offence of committingmischief in relation to warmemorial or cenotaph.

C-232An Act to amend theCriminal Code (cruelty toanimals)

First reading: June 2011 Adds new part to CriminalCode for animal crueltyoffences.

C-235An Act to amend theCriminal Code (failure toinform)

First reading: June 2011 Makes it an offence not toreport instances of sexual orphysical abuse.
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C-239An Act to amend theCriminal Code (peaceofficers)

First reading: June 2011 Impose more severe penaltiesfor assaulting peace officersand eliminate possibility ofparole for those who murder

peace officers.C-256An Act to amend theCriminal Code (firefighters)

First reading: June 2011 Gives protections tofirefighters under the CriminalCode. Place in same categoryas public officer and peaceofficer.

C-264An Act to amend theCriminal Code (socialcondition)

First reading: June 2011 Makes social conditions (levelof income, occupation, levelof education, poverty, lack ofhousing, homelessness) ofthe victim an aggravating

factor for sentencing.C-271An Act to prevent theuse of the Internet to distributepornographic materialinvolving children

First reading: September 2011 Requires service providers tocooperate and minimize use ofinternet for child pornography.Creates an offence for usinginternet to facilitate a sexoffence involving a child.

C-273An Act to amend theCriminal Code (cyberbullying)

Second Reading: June 2012Bill Died: Mach 2013

Clarify that cyberbullying isan offence.


Criminal Code (animalcruelty)

First reading: September 2011 Creates new offences for

animal cruelty.

C-276An Act to amend theCanadian Human Rights Actand the Criminal Code (genderidentity and genderexpression)

First Reading: September2011

Makes gender and genderexpression an aggravatingfactor for sentencing.

C-279An Act to amend theCanadian Human Rights Actand the Criminal Code (gender

identity)

Report in Senate: June 2013 Gender identity is adistinguished characteristicprotected under s. 318 (hate

propaganda) and makesgender identity an aggregatingcircumstance for sentencing.

C-293An Act to amend theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act (vexatiouscomplainants)

Royal Assent: March 2013 Allows Commissioner toprohibit offender fromsubmitting complaint orgrievance when persistentcomplaints filed that are
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vexatious, frivolous or notmade in good faith.Procedures to be set by CSC.


Criminal Code (kidnapping ofyoung person)

Royal Assent: June 2013 Creates minimum punishment

of five years for kidnappingperson under age of 16, unlessparent or guardian or person inlawful custody.

C-309An Act to amend theCriminal Code (concealmentof identity)Preventing Persons from

Concealing Their Identity

during Riots and UnlawfulAssemblies Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Makes it an offence to wearmask or conceal identity whiletaking part in riot or unlawfulassembly.

C-310An Act to amend theCriminal Code (trafficking inpersons)

Royal Assent: June 2013 Adds offence of trafficking ofpersons which happens abroadbut can be prosecuted inCanada

C-316- An Act to amend theEmployment Insurance Act(incarceration)

Royal Assent: June 2013 Amends EmploymentInsurance Act to only apply toincarcerated people if they arenot found guilty

C-350An Act to amend theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act (accountability of

offenders)

Senate second reading: March2013

Allows monetary amountawarded to offenders pursuantto legal action to be paid to

victims of other beneficiaries.

C-384An Act to amend theYouth Criminal Justice Act(publication of information)

First reading: December 2011 Allows publication ofinformation related youthprocessing under YCJA whenperson charged as an adult.

C-394An Act to amend theCriminal Code and theNational Defence Act(criminal organizationrecruitment)

First reading senate: May2013

Makes it an offence to recruitperson for criminalorganization. More severepenalty made for recruitingperson under 18.

C-402An Act to amend theCriminal Code (publictransportation workers)

First Reading: February 2012 Greater punishment foraggravated assault whencommitted against publictransportation workers

C-446An Act to amend theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act (blood samples)

First reading: October 2012 Allows correctional staff toapply to have blood sampletaken when staff came into
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contact with bodily fluids ofinmate.

C-452An Act to amend theCriminal Code (exploitationand trafficking in persons)

Report in House: June 2013 Allows for consecutivesentences for trafficking inpersons.

Adds trafficking in persons tolist of crimes where forfeitureof proceeds applies.

C-478An Act to amend theCriminal Code (increasingparole ineligibility)Respecting Families of

Murdered and Brutalized

Persons Act

Second reading and referral tocommittee: June 2013

Provides that person convictedof abduction, sexual assaultand murder is sentenced toimprisonment for life withouteligibility for parole until theperson has served a sentenceof between twenty-five andforty years.

C-479An Act to amend theCorrections and ConditionalRelease Act (fairness forvictims)An Act to Bring Fairness for

the Victims of Violent

Offenders

First reading: February 2013 Parole review for offendersserving sentence of two ormore years, attendance ofvictims/family at parolereview hearings, cancel parolereview hearing if offenderrefuses to attend or waivesright to attend, providetranscripts of parole reviewhearing to victims/family,notify victim of release on

temporary absence, parole orSR.

C-510An Act to amend theCriminal Code (mischief)

First reading: May 2013 Creates offence to commitmischief in relation toeducational institution orcommunity centre,playground, arena or sportscentre.

C-515An Act to amend theCriminal Code (lawenforcement animals)

Protection of LawEnforcement Animals Act

First reading: May 2013 Creates offence to poison,injure or kill a lawenforcement animal.

C-517An Act to amend theCriminal Code (trafficking inpersons)

First reading: June 2013 Make minimum sentences fortrafficking in persons.

C-526An Act to amend the First reading: June 2013 Aggravating factor at
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Criminal Code (sentencing)Cracking Down on Organized

Crime and Terrorism Act

sentencing when the offence islinked to a criminal group.


Criminal Code (public transitoperators)Public Transit Operators

Protection Act

First reading: June 2013 Aggravating factor at

sentencing when the offence iscommitted against a publictransit operator.

S-7An Act to amend theCriminal Code, the CanadaEvidence Act and the Securityof Information ActCombating Terrorism Act

Royal Assent: April 2013 Creates investigation hearingsand provides a means toimpose a recognizance toprevent terrorist activities.Changes the Canada EvidenceAct to allow for privatehearings to protect sensitive

information.S-9- An Act to amend theCriminal CodeNuclear Terrorism Act

Royal Assent: June 2013 Creates four new offences inrelation to nuclear terrorism.

S-209- An Act to amend theCriminal Code (prize fights)

Royal Assent: June 2013 Expands the list of sportspermitted for prize fighting.

S-214An Act to amend theCriminal Code (protection ofchildren)

Second reading in Senate:April 2013

Removes justification of forcefor corrective means of parent,teacher etc.

S-216An Act to amend theControlled Drugs andSubstances Act and theCriminal Code (mental healthtreatment)

First reading: February 2013 Amends CDSA to allow fordelay of sentencing to allowoffender to receive mentalhealth treatment, and ifprogram is completed, court isnot required to imposeminimum punishment.
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Useful links

Legislation at a glance

Legisinfo

CPEP
http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISInfo/LAAG.aspx?language=Ehttp://www.parl.gc.ca/LegisInfo/Home.aspx?language=E&ParliamentSession=41-1http://cpep-pscs.sagsc.org/http://cpep-pscs.sagsc.org/http://cpep-pscs.sagsc.org/http://www.parl.gc.ca/LegisInfo/Home.aspx?language=E&ParliamentSession=41-1http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISInfo/LAAG.aspx?language=E

Documents

Legislative Changes 2007-Summer 2013