The noun forensic medicine has one meaning the branch of medicine that interprets and establishes the medical facts in civil or criminal law cases. Also called legal medicine or medical jurisprudence.  

The branch of medicine that interprets or establishes the facts in civil or criminal law cases also calledmedical jurisprudence.

  Medical jurisprudence is a science of applying medical facts to legal problems. Routine tasks include filling out birth and death

certificates, deciding insurance eligibility, and reporting infectious disease. Perhaps more significant is medical testimony in court.

When merely relating observations, doctors are ordinary witnesses; interpreting facts based on medical knowledge makes them expert

witnesses, required to present their opinions without bias toward the side that called them. Conflicts between medicine and law can

occur, usually over medical confidentiality.

  Forensic medicine is one of the largest and most important areas of forensic science. Also called legal medicine or medical

jurisprudence, it applies medical knowledge to criminal and civil law. Areas of medicine that are commonly involved in forensic medicine

are anatomy, pathology, and psychiatry.

  Medical jurisprudence or forensic medicine, the application of medical science to legal problems. It is typically involved in cases

concerning blood relationship, mental illness, injury, or death resulting from violence. Autopsy (see post-mortem examination) is often used to determine the cause of death, particularly in cases

where foul play is suspected. Post-mortem examination can determine not only the immediate agent of death (e.g. gunshot

wound, poison), but may also yield important contextual information, such as how long the person has been dead, which can

help trace the killing. Forensic medicine has also become increasingly important in cases involving rape. Modern techniques

use such specimens as semen, blood, and hair samples of the criminal found in the victim's bodies, which can be compared to the

defendant's genetic makeup through a technique known as DNA fingerprinting; this technique may also be used to identify the body

of a victim. The establishment of serious mental illness by a licensed psychologist can be used in demonstrating incompetency to stand

trial, a technique which may be used in the insanity defense (see insanity), albeit infrequently. The synonym of forensic medicine is

forensic pathology.

Medical Jurisprudence knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine .

Legal medicine application of medicine to legal case

Juris Doctor

The degree awarded to an individual upon the successful completion of law school.

Juris doctor, or doctor of Jurisprudence, commonly abbreviated J.D., is the degree commonly conferred by law schools. It is required inall states except California (which includes an option called law office study) to gain Admission to the Bar. Gaining admission to the barmeans obtaining a license to practice law in a particular state or in federal court.

Until the 1930s and 1940s, many states did not require a person to have a law school degree in order to obtain a license to practice law.Most lawyers qualified for a license by working as an apprentice for an established attorney for a specified period. By the 1950s moststates required a law school degree. State legislatures established this requirement to raise the standards of practicing attorneys and torestrict the number of attorneys. The degree offered by most Colleges and Universities was called a master of laws (L.L.M.) degree. Inthe 1960s, as colleges and universities increased the requirements for a law degree, the J.D. replaced the L.L.M. as the primary degreeawarded by law schools.

The specific requirements for a J.D. vary from school to school. Generally, the requirements include completing a minimum number ofclass hours each academic period, and taking certain mandatory courses such as contracts, TORTS, Civil Procedure, and Criminal Law inthe first year of law school. All states require that students pass a course on Professional Responsibility before receiving a J.D. degree