Learning-oriented Learning-oriented Organizational Organizational

Improvement ProcessesImprovement Processes

Review of selected research Review of selected research with an emphasis on network with an emphasis on network perspectivesperspectives

Individual Minds as Learning Individual Minds as Learning NetworksNetworks

(e.g., Bransford et al, 2001)(e.g., Bransford et al, 2001)

GoalsGoals Long and short-term memoryLong and short-term memory ““Schemata (concepts, ideas)Schemata (concepts, ideas) ConnectionsConnections Meaning makingMeaning making Transfer (near and far)Transfer (near and far)

Dyadic Interactions that Dyadic Interactions that Result in LearningResult in Learning

From Persuasion to LearningFrom Persuasion to Learning

Model 1 and Model 2Model 1 and Model 2

(e.g., Argyris & Schon, 1976, 1982 Robinson et al, 2014)

Model 1: PersuasionModel 1: Persuasion (widely used but seldom espoused) (widely used but seldom espoused)

Governing variableGoverning variable: : win and avoid win and avoid losinglosing

BehaviorBehavior: : advocacy, non disclosure of advocacy, non disclosure of purpose, ignore disagreementspurpose, ignore disagreements

ConsequencesConsequences: : minimizes negative minimizes negative emotions but not much progress, single loop emotions but not much progress, single loop learninglearning

Model 2: LearningModel 2: Learning (widely espoused but seldom used)(widely espoused but seldom used)

Governing variableGoverning variable: : seek valid information, seek valid information, respect for self and others, promote internal respect for self and others, promote internal commitmentcommitment

Behavior: Behavior: clear about own agenda, inquire clear about own agenda, inquire deeply into otherdeeply into other’’s views, check accuracy of s views, check accuracy of understandingunderstanding

Consequences: Consequences: greater understanding of greater understanding of decision, mutual agreement, double loop decision, mutual agreement, double loop learninglearning

Features of District Features of District Networks that Support Networks that Support Organizational LearningOrganizational Learning

Some Basic Concepts and Some Basic Concepts and IdeasIdeas

Some Basic Network Some Basic Network ConceptsConcepts

(e.g., Hoppe & Reinelt, 2010)(e.g., Hoppe & Reinelt, 2010)

Hubs, nodes and linksHubs, nodes and links Bridging, bonding & clustersBridging, bonding & clusters Core and peripheryCore and periphery Density and links per nodeDensity and links per node Directed and undirected linksDirected and undirected links

Example of a NetworkExample of a Network(Finnegan et al, 2012)(Finnegan et al, 2012)

Note. Adapted from Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and

Creating More Creating More ““EffectiveEffective”” District NetworksDistrict Networks

Increase overall connectivityIncrease overall connectivity

Nurture horizontal connectionsNurture horizontal connections

Establish a strong district coreEstablish a strong district core

Encourage bridging across clustersEncourage bridging across clusters

Effective Network Building Effective Network Building ….continued….continued

Value both strong and weak tiesValue both strong and weak ties

““exploitexploit”” the influence of opinion the influence of opinion leaders (hubs)leaders (hubs)

Build trust among network Build trust among network membersmembers

from Hoppe & Reinelt (2010, p. from Hoppe & Reinelt (2010, p. 607)…..607)…..

““the time one spends networking the time one spends networking informally correlates to career informally correlates to career success, whereas the time one success, whereas the time one spends convening more formally spends convening more formally (e.g., meetings)can actually be (e.g., meetings)can actually be counter-productivecounter-productive””

Think about one of your Think about one of your own districtown district’’s s networks…..networks….. What are you presently doing that What are you presently doing that

might influence the overall might influence the overall ““healthhealth”” of this network? of this network?

What else might you do to further What else might you do to further improve the health of this improve the health of this network?network?