Latin Phrase of the Week

Nota Bene (N.B)Note Well

Quiz

1. Give English for Senatus Populusque Romanus.

2. Give English for Exempli Gratis: e.g.

3. Give English for E Pluribus Unum4. Give English for

Id Est.5. Give English for “Anno

Domini.”

Chapter 2

1st and 2nd conjugation verbs Principal Parts: Dictionary Entry

Properties of Verbs: Number, Person, Tense, Voice and MoodInfinitive

Subject/Verb Agreement

Properties of Verbs:Person, Number, Tense, Voice and Mood

Person: Latin verbs may be in the first, second, or third person. The person

represents the identity of the subject. 1st person: I or We2nd person: you or you all3rd person: he/she/it or they

Identify person of the underlined verbs.She loves the farmer.They never want to see him again.Jane doesn’t like ice cream.You never like pizza.We love pizza.

Number

Latin verbs are either singular or plural in number depending on the number of the subject noun.

• I love.• The girls love their dresses.• They love to watch the ocean.• Sam loves Latin.

Tense

A verb indicates the time when the action occurs.

• Present: I am learning Latin.• Future: I will not see you tomorrow.• Perfect: I saw you with your friends.

• Imperfect• Pluperfect

• Future perfect

VoiceActive voice and Passive voice

Active Voice: expresses what the subject of the verb does.

The farmer loves the girl.

Passive Voice: expresses what is done to the subject of the verb.

The girl is loved by the farmer.Practice:

• I love Latin.• My students are loved by me.

Mood

A group of verb-forms which represent a verbal activity as being real, desired, or hypothetical.

Indicative: makes a statement about a fact, or about something which will be a fact in the future.

I love. If he comes, he will see.

Imperative: expresses the will of the speaker as a command.

Stand up!Students, read and translate!

Subjunctive: represents a verbal activity as will, desired, or conditional.

• Let us love our country!• May you be happy!• If one were there, one would see them

leaving.

Identify person, number, tense, and voice of the underline verbs.

e.g 1: We love Latin.Person: first person (we)Number: Plural (we)Tense: present (love)Voice: Active voice (the subject “we” does the action)

e.g 2: Latin is loved by us.Person: third (Latin=it)Number: singular (Latin)Tense: present (is loved)Voice: Passive voice (Action “love” is done to the subject “Latin”)

Identify person, number, tense, and voice of the underlined verb.

1. Caesar wished to become a consul.2. Jack and Jane will visit us next week.3. We begin to be troublesome to you.4. She is loved by her family.5. Latin will be taught by Jane.6. Latin was studied by all educators.7. They love ice cream.8. You said it was cool.9. I love Latin.10. You all will love Latin.

Conjugation

• Verbs that share the same endings.4 conjugations in Latin.

1st conjugation: amo, amare, amavi, amatus to love2nd conjugation: teneo, tenēre, tenui, tentus to hold3rd conjugation: pono, ponĕre, posui, positus to place4th conjugation: audio, audire, audivi, auditus to hear

*** You recognize a verb’s conjugation from the second principal part.

Dictionary Entry

Amo, amare, amavi, amatus to love

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓1st principal 2nd principal 3rd principal 4th principal defPart part part part↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓1st person infinitive 1st person participleSingular singularPresent tense Past tense↓ ↓ ↓I love to love I loved

Determine the conjugation of each verb and translate each principal part.

e.g. : Habeo, habēre, habui, habitus to have↓ ↓ ↓ ↓I have to have I hadConjugation: 2nd conjugation1. Accipio, accipĕre, accepi, acceptus to receive2. Ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi, ambulatus to walk3. Invenio, invenire, inveni, inventus to find4. Paro, parare, paravi, paratum to prepare5. Video, vidēre, vidi, visum to see

Conjugateamo, amare, amavi, amatus to love

2PP-re+endings

Singular Definition Plural Definitio

1st person Amo I love Amamus We love

2nd person Amas You love Amatis You all love

3rd person Amat He/she/it loves Amant They love

The Infinitive

• In English, an infinitive is a verb form preceded by the word “to”. (to go, to see, etc)

• In Latin, an infinitive is the verb form that ends with the letters –re (2nd principal part).

Amo, amare, amavi, amatus to love ↓to love

**** the infinitive does not show person or number. Ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi, ambulatus to walkExspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus to wait forNarro, narrare, narravi, narratus to tell

Subject and Verb Agreement

• The verb agrees in number with the subject. If the subject of a sentence is singular, the verb is singular. If the subject of a sentence is plural, the verb must be plrual.

Subject and Verb Agreement: They have to agree in person and number.

Sin Def Plu Def1st -o I -mus We

2nd -s You -tis You all

3rd -t He/she/it -nt they

e.g: The girl carries water. Carry: (porto, portare, -vi, -tus)↓ ↓ ↓subject verb direct object↓ ↓ ↓Puella (Portare) aquam.↓ Person/#3rd person/singular

portat

Puella portat aquam.

PracticeAmo, amare, amavi, amatus to love

Sin Def Plu Def1st -o I -mus We

2nd -s You -tis You all

3rd -t He/she/it

-nt they

1. We love water.Aquam ama______.2. You all love water.Aquam ama_______.3. Anna and Rosa love

water.Anna et Rosa aquam

ama_____.4. Tina loves water.Tina aquam ama_________.5. I love water.Aquam am_____.

PracticeSin Def Plu Def

1st -O I -Mus We

2nd -S You -tis You all

3rd -T He/she/ it

-nt they

6. The farmers carry water.Agricolae aquam porta__.7. The she-wolf is walking

in the forest.Lupa in silva ambula___.8. I am telling a story.Fabulam narr____.9. We live in the forest.In silva habita_____.10. They call us. Nos voca____.