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L5: The War in the PacificYellow Block

AgendaObjectives:1. To understand

the rationale behind the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

2. To understand the significance of Pearl Harbor of the course of the war.

Schedule: 1. Lecture &

Discussion

Homework:1. Read “The Final Solution” &

Read and Note, “Willing Executioners/Ordinary Debate.” The Second reading is available on our website. Read pages 1-28. Goal is to:

1.Know what the final solution is and

2.Know Goldhagen & Browning’s arguments for why Germans carried it out.

Due Friday!!!• Process Plan Check In One Due:

Wed 5/9 (Lesson 9)3. Research Check In Due: Mon

5/14 (Lesson 11)

Pearl Harbor: What Do You Know?

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Pearl Harbor• December 7, 1941• Unannounced (surprise) aerial attack• Japanese attack the United States naval base at

Pearl Harbor Hawaii • American Casualties

– 2,330 servicemen killed– 100 civilians killed – 188 aircraft destroyed on the ground– 4 battleships sunk– 4 battleships disabled– 11 other ships sunk/damaged

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Pearl Harbor Video Clip

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt13c3olXkU

After the Attack• December 8, 1941

– United States declared war on Japan

• December 11, 1941– Germany declared war on America– Italy declared war on America– Great Britain declared war on Japan

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Why do you think the Japanese Attacked Pearl

Harbor?

Questions for Today

• Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

• How did the attack at Pearl Harbor change the direction of World War Two?

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Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

Question One

• How would you describe the colonial landscape in the Pacific?• Why might this landscape concern Japan?

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Japan and the Colonization of the Pacific (1930s)

• Japan is a densely populated island nation lacking the raw materials essential for industry.

• With the colonial presence in the Pacific it became increasingly difficult for Japan to acquire raw materials

• Japan thus needed to increase its access to raw materials and make the trade in raw materials easier.

Japan’s Economic Plan

• Japan saw that it had two options:– Northern Strategy

• Take control of China for access to Chinese raw materials

– Southern Strategy• Take control of southern island already

under the control of European nations for access to their raw materials

– For example, capturing the Dutch East Indies which were rich in rubber and oil

Japan launches the Second Sino-Japanese War

• In the early 1930s Japan chose to pursue the Northern Strategy– Why do you think it chose this option?

• Japan begins the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937– What do you remember about this war? QuickTime™ and a

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U.S. Response to the Sino-Japanese War

• U.S. began imposing embargos on certain exports to Japan in response to Japanese aggression in China• The British and the Dutch followed• These embargos virtually eliminated all of Japan’s

access to oil.• Also made Japan realize how vulnerable it was if

it didn’t possess islands rich in raw materials.

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Japan Pursues the Southern Strategy: 1941

• By 1941, Germany’s victories in Europe had seriously weakened Britain France, and the Netherlands, the major European colonial powers in southeast Asia.

• Moreover, Japan had already joined with Germany and Italy in an alliance in 1936.– Shared Anti-Communist worldview– Spoils of War for the Japanese: European colonies in Asia– Minimal diplomatic and military coordination

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Japan attacks at Pearl Harbor

• Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?• What do you think it hoped to

achieve?

How did the attack at Pearl Harbor change the direction of World War

Two?Question Two

How did the attack at Pearl Harbor Change the Direction of World War

Two?• Who was now involved in the war?• Where was fighting occurring?

Japan Gets Off to a Commanding Start

• By 1942, Japan had taken Thailand, the Dutch East Indies, the Philippines, and the Malay Peninsula.– Japan is excelling

in the Pacific Theater.

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How Did the Attack at Pearl Harbor Change the Direction of World War

Two?• How would you describe the state

of the war in 1942, following the Pearl Harbor Attack?