24 M\arch 1972Vol. 175, No. 4028

LETTERs Nuclear Testing: P. J. Kiass; Health-Care Delivery: C. Heisterkamp, III;J. W. Bush; M. K. DuVal; Cancer Research: H. Elias; Price Advantage:N. Peariman 1311

E D ITO R IAL F ederal Statistics ....... ................................................

ARTICLES Prehispanic Adaptation in the Ixtapalapa Region, Mexico: R. E. Blanton

Migration Strategies of Insects: H. Dingle ....1327

Visual Spatial Illusions: A General Explanation: R. H. Day . ............. 1335

NEWS AND COMMENT NASA: Caught between Congress and Apartheid ..........................1...341White House Presents Vapid Technology Plan .. . 1343

Blood Banking: Money Is at Root of System's Evils .. . 1344

RESEARCH NEWS Cell Membranes: A New Look at How They Work .......................... 1348

BOOK REVIEWS Elementary Particles, reviewed by G. Feinberg; Science, Scientists, and Public Policy,J. M. Logsdon; Human Cytogenetics, A. D. Bloom; The Immunobiologyof Transplantation, M. Edidin; Cambrian of the New World, L. L. Sloss;The Organic Chemistry of Palladium: G. M. Whitesides; Books Received ...... 1351

REPORTS Rotational Inertia of Continents: A Proposed Link between PolarWandering and Plate Tectonics: M. F. Kane .................. 1355

System Approach for Reducing Car Pollution: R. Shinnar ........ .. ............. 1357

Jupiter: Observation of Deuterated Methane in the Atmosphere: R. Beer et al. 1360

::L000:~~~~~~~~N REE DAVID BLCKEL LEWM M;0 tt0.BRANS:001.:..X08 ..., 0 00.?;0 00ff:OAR OP DIRECTORS INA REES GLENN T. SEABORG :LEONARD M. RIESERW DAID BI.AKWELL LEWIS M. BRNSCOMB'Retfiring. Presidenft Chimn Presdet Pesidett RICHARD0 H BOL BARRYWE

VICE PR:ESIDENTS AND MATH(EMATICS)(A PHYSICS (B) CHEMISTRY (C) ASTRONOMY (D)S*ECTION SECRETCARI#ESx .Jn W.Tkey Herbert Friedman Martin Paul' George B. Field

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change or'address,: givinig new Sand old address and zip codes. Send a Srecent address label. SCINC9s indexed in the Reader's .Gulde to Pleridical LItertur.

Action Spectra for Photoperiodic Response in a Diapausing Mosquito:W. E. Bradshaw . .................................................... 1361

Digitonin Effects on Photoreceptor Adenylate Cyclase: M. W. Bitensky,R. F. Gorman, W. H. Miller ..................... ....................... 1363

Psychotomimetic N-Methylated Tryptamines: Formation in Brain in vivo and in vitro:J. M. Saavedra and J. Axelrod ................... ...................... 1365

1-Methyladenine Biosynthesis in Starfish Ovary: Action of Gonad-StimulatingHormone in Methylation: H. Shirai, H. Kanatani, S. Taguchi ................. .1366

Galactose Utilization in Galactosemia: J. C. Petricciani et al. ................... 1368

Axons: Isolation from Mammalian Central Nervous System: G. H. DeVries,W. T. Norton, C. S. Raine ............................................ 1370

Oxygen Affinity in Red Cells: Changes Induced in vivo by Propanolol:F. A. Oski et al.. . 1372

Acetylcholine: Possible Neuromuscular Transmitter in Crustacea: K. J. Futamachi 1373

Cilia: Activation Coupled to Mechanical Stimulation by Calcium Influx:A. Murakami and R. Eckert .................... ....................... 1375

Thyroxine-Binding Globulin: Characterization of the Binding Site with aFluorescent Dye as a Probe: A. M. Green et al ................. 1378

Biogenic Amine Metabolites in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Depressed and ManicPatients: J. Mendels et al ............................................. 1380

Proprioceptive Illusions Induced by Muscle Vibration: Contribution by MuscleSpindles to Perception?: G. M. Goodwin, D. 1. McCloskey, P. B. C. Matthews 1382

A Neural Effect of Partial Visual Deprivation in Humans: R. D. Freeman,D. E. Mitchell, M. Millodot .................... ....................... 1384

Sound Production in Scolytidae: Chemostimulus of Sonic Signal by theDouglas-Fir Beetle: J. A. Rudinsky and R. R. Michael ..................... 1386

Altruistic Behavior in a Sphecid Wasp: Support for Kin-Selection Theory:W. G. Eberhard ..................................................... 1390

Technical Comments: Evolution of DNA Base Compositions in Microorganisms:A. L. Bak, J. F. Atkins, S. A. Meyer; C. E. Singer and B. N. Ames;Bohr Atom: A Remark on the Early History: K. F. Herzfeld 1391

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24 March 1972, Volume 175, Number 4028. S OEI,O

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FORTHE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

Federal StadisticsScience serves its readers as a forum for the

presentation and discussion of important issuesrelated to the advancement of science, including Increasingly, all manner of powers -and responsibilities have been vestedthe presentation of minority or conflicting pointsof view, rather than by publishing only material in the federal government. At the same time, the government has comeon which acansens pishued iben Scince-including -to require of citizens and of private organizations a quality of per-editorials, news and comment, and book reviews formance of which the government itself seems incapable. An especially-are signed and reflect the individual views of theauthors and not official points of view adopted by timely example is a differing performance with respect to statisticalthe AAAS or the institutions with which the authors material. In many instances the latest government statistics are only asare affiliated. recent as 1969. Yet individuals and oompanies are expected to file

Editorial Board accurate income tax returns within a few months following the end of1972 their fiscal year. In some instances government officials merit patience

ALFRED BROWN FRANIC PRESSJAMES F. CROW FRANK W. PUTNAM when the sources of basic data are numerous and widespread. However,THOMAs KuHN WALTER 0. RORERTS many of the big corporations carry on comparably complex operations,ELLIOTr W. MONTROLL

1973 aand they are expected to function expeditiously. Moreover, associations

H. S. GUTOWSKY GARDNER LINDZEY of such companies often issue statistics on a weekly basis.ARTHUR D. HASLER RAYMOND H. THOMPSON To colleot and analyze the enormous amounts of statistical materialRUDOLF KOMPFNER EDWARD 0. WILSON i uDANIEL E. KOSHLAND, JR. It ultimately issues, the government spends very large sums of money.

In most cases very few people pay much attention to the data, so noEditorial Staff great harm other than an unnecessary tax burden is sustained. There are

EdLtor other instances, however, in which the government's inefficiency affectsPublisher Business Manager its own responsibilities or makes it more difficult for other componentsWILLIAM BEVAN HANS NUSSBAUM of society to function as well as they might. A recent example of theManaging Editor: ROBERT V. ORMES latter has been the failure of government to provide current statisticsAssistatit Editors: ELLEN E. MURPHY, JOHN E.

RINGLE on the number of unemployed scientists and engineers. The Bureau ofAssistant to the Editor: NANCY TEIMOURIAN Labor Statistics is carrying on a study to predict the deman-d for scientistsNews and Comment: JOHN WALSH, DEBORAH SHAP- in 1980, but no one seems to know where we stand today.

LEY, ROBERT GILLETTE, NICHOLAS WADE, CONSTANCE PHOLDEN, SCHERRAINE MACK Perhaps more serious, since it touches all citizens, is the government'sResearch News: ALLEN L. HAMMOND, WILLIAM failure to provide timely information on pollution. The latest easily

D. METZ available data are those appearing in the annual report of the Council onBook Re%iews: SYLVIA EBERHART, KATHERINE LIv.

INGSTON, KATHRYN MOUTON Environmental Quafity for 1971 issued in August 1971. These data are byCover Editor: GRAYCE FINGER no -means comprehensive, but they give, for example, information onEditorial Assistants: MARGARET ALLEN, ISABELLA important air pollutants such as S02 and NO,. The latest figures are for

BOULDIN, BLAIR BURNS, ELEANORE BuTz, RONNA 1969, and we are informed that 1970 figures will not be available untilCLINE, ANNETrE DIAMANTE, MARY DoRFMAN, JUDITHGIVELBER, MARLENE GLASER, CORRINE HARRIS, OLIVER next May. In the meantime, in the absence of data, numerous federal,HEATWOLE, CHRISTINE KARLIK, MARSHALL KATHAN, state, and local actions are being taken.MARGARET LLOYD, JANE MINOR, DANIEL RABOVSKY,PATRICIA ROWE, LEAH RYAN, LOIS SCHMITT, RICHARD One of the ironies of the situation is that, as a result of federal andSOMMER, YA LI SWIGART, ALICE THEILESOMMER,Y. LI SWIGART, ALICE THEILE local action, progress is being made in abating pollution. Why keep it aMembership Recruitment: LEONARD WRAY; Sub-

scriptions: BETTE SEEMUND; Addressing: THOMAS secret?BAZAN A tough-minded approach to government statistics seems called for.

Advertising Staff What is the value of accurate inform.ation in fast-changing fields whenDirector Production Manager the figures are years out of date? The government is able to furnish in aEARL J. SCHERAGO BONNIE SEMEL timely fashion a few important indexes. Why can it not move faster in

Advertising Sales Manager: RICHARD L. CHARLES other fields?Sales: NEw YORK, N.Y. 10036: Herbert L. Burklund, One of the important lessons of recent years is that fairly accurate11 W. 42 St. (212-PE-6-1858); SCOTCH PLAINS, NJ. information can be quickly obtained by using sampling techniques such07076: C. Richard Callis, 12 Unami Lane (20i-889-4873); MEDFIELD, MASS. 02052: Richard M. Ezequelle, as the opinion polls. Why not apply such techniques to obtaining4 Rolling Lane (617-444-1439); CHICAGO, ILL. 60611:John P. Cahill, Room 2107, 919 N. Michigan Ave. unemployment data or for predicting future job opportunities?(312-DE-7-4973; BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF. 90211: Winn Today many of the data on vadous pollutants are oolleted by electronicNance, 111 N. La Cienega Blvd. (213-657-2772) sensors. Why not feed these data into a central electronic processor andEDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE: 1515 Massa- have -pritouts o demandchusetts Ave., NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Phones:haepntuso dmn?(Area code 202) Central office: 467-4350; Book Re- The present pace at which government statistics are assembled isviews: 467-4367; Business Office: 467-44i1; Circula-tion: 467-4417; Guide to Scientific Instruments: 467- appropriiate to the d'ays of the pony express, the quill pen, and laborious4480; News and Comment: 467-4430; Reprints and arithmetic. Time is overdue for the government to begin to move withPermissions: 467-4483; Research News: 4674321,Reviewing: 467.4440. Cable: Advancesci, Washington. the late 20tth c3entury and to produce the kind of current informationCopies of "Instructions for Contributors" can be that it demands of others.-PHILIP H. ABELSONobtained from the editorial office. See also page xv,Science, 24 December 1971. ADVERTISING COR-RESPONDENCE: Room 1740, 11 W. 42 St., NewrYork, N.Y. 10036. Phone: 212-PE-6-858.