Kid vs Video Games

8/2/2019 Kid vs Video Games

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Kids and Video Games

Dr. Kevin Mercado, DC, CSCS, NSCA-CPT

www.drkevinmercado.com


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QUESTION

On average how much

time would you say

your child watches TV

or plays video games/day?


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What is the most

common methods of

media play?

Cell Phones

Facebook

TV

Ipads

DSI

Computers


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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity

Disorder Inattention or the criteria for

hyperactivity/impulsivity must bemet.

Inattention: At least 6 of the 9symptoms of inattention listed belowmust have persisted for at least 6months to a degree that is

maladaptive and inconsistent withthe patient's developmental level. Often fails to give close attention to

details or makes careless mistakes inschoolwork, work, or other activities

Often has difficulty sustaining attentionin tasks or play activities

Often does not seem to listen whenspoken to directly

Often does not follow through withinstructions and often fails to finishschoolwork, chores, or duties in theworkplace (not due to oppositionalbehavior or failure to understandinstructions)

Often has difficulty organizing tasks

and activities Often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant

to engage in tasks that requiresustained mental effort (eg,schoolwork, homework); often losesthings necessary for tasks oractivities (eg, school assignments,pencils, books, tools, toys)

Often is easily distracted byextraneous stimuli (eg, toys, schoolassignments, pencils, books, tools)

Often is forgetful in daily activities


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Attention Span

Television and Video Game Exposure and the

Development of Attention Problems

Conclusions: Viewing television and playing

video games each are associated with

increased subsequent attention problems in

childhood.


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The Study

Sample 1: 1323 middle childhood participants 3rd grade (430) 4th grade (446) 5th grade (423)

Mean age: 9.6 years old

2 midwestern states; 10 schools

13-month period follow up Reports collected @ 4 time points

Compliance: Parent 70% /child 86%/teacher 88% reports television and videogame exposure as well as teacher-reported attention problems.

Teachers were asked 3 Qs on a 5 point scale: 1)This child has difficultystaying on task; 2)has difficulty paying attention 3) often interrupts other

childrens work. Answered Almost always true to never true Another sample of 210 late adolescent/early adult participants

provided self-reports of television exposure, video game exposure,and attention problems

Copyright 2010 by the American Academy of Pediatrics


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Study Contd

Computed Correlation coefficients:

Weekly television exposure

Weekly video game exposure

Weekly total screen media exposure (ie, combined

weekly television and video game exposure)

Attention problems within the middle

childhood and late adolescent/early adultsamples.


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Study Findings

Small to moderate correlations with concurrent attention

problems in both samples.

Those who exceeded the AAP-recommended amount of daily

television and video game exposure were more likely to be

above average in attention problems.

American Academy of Pediatrics: Recommends no more than

2 hours per day of combined TV and VG

Comparisons relating to attention problems

Males more likely

Younger ages

Video games more of a robust predictor of attention problems


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Neurology

Neural Basis of Superior Performance of Action

Videogame Players in an Attention-Demanding

Task

The Journal of Neuroscience, 19 January 2011, 31(3): 992-

998;doi:10.1523/ JNEUROSCI.4834-10.2011


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Improved Neural Circuits

Video Game Players (VGP) vs Non VGP

Superior visual performance on a variety of

attention demanding tasks such as:

Spacial Target Localization

Rapid Target Identification

Multi Object Tracking

Require attention to visual displays that present high

loads of information or dividing attention between

multiple sources.

However, at present, little is known about the brain mechanisms that

underlie these enhanced attention capabilities of action game trainees.


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Aspects of visual attention:

1) Ability to distribute visual attention across the fieldto search for a target

2) Time required for attention to recover from beingdirected towards a target

3) Number of objects to which attention can besimultaneously allocated

Differential development of visual attention skills in school-

age children. Dye MW, Bavelier D.

Source

Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820-6206, USA. [email protected]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Dye%20MW%22[Author]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bavelier%20D%22[Author]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bavelier%20D%22[Author]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bavelier%20D%22[Author]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bavelier%20D%22[Author]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Dye%20MW%22[Author]


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Neural Circuits contd

Action video gamers tend to be more attune

to their surroundings

Performing tasks like driving down a residential street,

where they may be more likely to pick out a child runningafter a ball than a non-video gamer.

The research also suggests that action game playing might

be a useful tool to rehabilitate visually impaired patients or

to train soldiers for combat.

National Geographic News: May 28, 2003


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Amount of Time w/ Media A 2010 Kaiser Family Foundation survey of

more than 2000 8- to 18-year-olds revealed:

>7hrs/day w/ various types of media

2/3 of children are watching TV >1.5 hrs/day

>70% of American teens have a TV in bedroom

50% dvd player

50% video game console

33% internet access

Policy Statement on Media


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Time spent with media often displaces

involvement in creative, active, or social

activities.

AAP: recommends no more than 2 hours of

media time per day.

DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-1636; Pediatrics 2010;126;1012;

originally published online September 27, 2010;Council on

Communications and Media


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Interaction

Think of a time where you noticed lack of

media time (youve removed it) resulted in

positive creative thinking in your child!

Take a few minutes to sum your thoughts


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Discussion

TV and Guitar Example

Kids and Ball Example lastnight


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Interaction

Parents ?

What is 1 reason (multiple reasons) we allowour kids to watch TV more than they should?

GO


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Violence Association

Study:ISU study proves conclusively that violentvideo game play makes more aggressive kids

Iowa State Distinguished Professor of psychologyCraig Anderson who co-authored a previous bookon violent video games' effects with ISUresearchers, is lead author on a study that

provides comprehensive analysis of previousliterature about the effects of playing violentvideo games.


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Study:Analyzed 130 research reports on morethan 130,000 subjects worldwide

proved conclusively: exposure to violent video

games makes more aggressive, less caring kidsregardless of their age, sex or culture.

March 2010 issue of the Psychological Bulletin, anAmerican Psychological Association journal.


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The study team:

eight researchers,

ISU psychology graduate students Edward Swing and Muniba

Saleem; Brad Bushman, a former Iowa State psychology professor

who now is on the faculty at the University of Michigan.

Top video game researchers from Japan - Akiko Shibuya from

Keio University and Nobuko Ihori from Ochanomizu

University

Hannah Rothstein, a noted scholar on meta-analytic review

from the City University of New York.


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Myths vs Facts

Fact: Violent video games are significantlyassociated with:

1. Increased aggressive behavior

2. Increased thoughts 3. Increased affect

4. Increased physiological arousal

5. Decreased prosocial (helping) behavior. Average

effect sizes for experimental studies (which helpestablish causality) and correlational studies (whichallow examination of serious violent behavior) appearcomparable (Anderson & Bushman, 2001).


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Facts: Specific examinations of such issues in theaggression domain have consistently found

evidence of high external validity. For example,

variables known to influence real world aggression

and violence have the same effects on laboratorymeasures of aggression (Anderson & Bushman,

1997).

Myths vs Facts


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Myth . There are no studies linking violent

video game play to serious aggression.

Fact: High levels of violent video game

exposure have been linked to delinquency,fighting at school and during free play periods,

and violent criminal behavior (e.g., self-

reported assault, robbery).

Myths vs Facts


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Myth 7. Violent video games affect only a

small fraction of players.

Myth 8. Unrealistic video game violence is

completely safe for adolescents and older

youths.

Myth 9. The effects of violent video games are

trivially small.

Myths vs Facts


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Immediately after exposure to media violence, there is an

increase in aggressive behavior tendencies because of

several factors.

1. Aggressive thoughts increase

. 2 Aggressive affect increases. 3.

General arousal (e.g., heart rate) increases, which tends to

increase the dominant behavioral tendency.

4. Direct imitation of recently observed aggressive

behaviors sometimes occurs.

Myths vs Facts


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Video Games Proven to Lead To:

Poor social skills

Time away from family time, school-work, and

other hobbies

Lower grades and Reading less

Exercising less and becoming overweight

Aggressive thoughts and behaviors


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Entertainment Software Rating Board

They were established in 1994 bythe Entertainment Software Association (formerlyInteractive Digital Software Association), due toviolent content found in videogames such

as Night Trap, MortalKombat, Lethal Enforcers,and Doom, and other controversial videogames portraying overly violent or intense sexualsituations and assigns ratings to games based on

their content, similar to the motion picture ratingsystems used in many countries.

Citation: Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Traphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortal_Kombat_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_Enforcershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Traphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Traphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortal_Kombat_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_Enforcershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_controversyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_Enforcershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortal_Kombat_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortal_Kombat_(video_game)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Traphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Association


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Ratings


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Sit n Play vs Run n Play

Benefits of Exercise

Weight

Bones N Muscles

Diseases Bloodflow

Detoxification

Brain

Mental Health Improved sleep

Injury Prevention


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Children & Exercise

American Heart Association

Recommends 60 minutes of exercise per day for

children over 2 that are developmentally

appropriate.


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CDC on childhood Obesity

17 % obese

Since 1980 it has tripled

Hispanic Boys & non hispanic black girls

1 of 7 low income preschool aged

12 states with an obesity prevalence of 30% or

more in 2010


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Defining It

Overweight is defined as a BMI at or above

the 85th percentile and lower than the 95th

percentile for children of the same age and

sex.

Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the

95th percentile for children of the same age

and sex.


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Body Mass Index:BMI

Calculated utilizing weight & height

Does not factor in body fat percentage

http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/solutions.html
http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/solutions.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/solutions.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/solutions.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/solutions.html


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Tips For Parents checking the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) ratings to learn

about the games content.

selecting appropriate gamesboth in content and level of development.

playing videogames with their children to experience the games content.

setting clear rules about game content and playing time, both in and

outside of your home.

strongly warning children about potential serious dangers of Internet

contacts and relationships while playing games online.

talking with other parents about your familys video game rules. remembering that you are a role model for your children including video

games you play as an adult.

American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry www.aacap.org


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Attention relationship

Violence relationship

Neurology

More exercise

Less TV time

More creative thinking

Video games in moderation


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Documents

Kid vs Video Games