JointsNo not those kind of joints ya

hippie….

Structural Classifications

• Fibrous – joints held together by (mainly collagen) fibres.

• Cartilaginous – cartilages joints

• Synovial – cartilage capped bones are separated by a fluid filled space and stabilised with ligaments.

Functional Classifications

• Synarthroses – Immovable joints (syn = together, arthro = joint)

– In adults usually Fibrous

• Amphiarthroses – Slightly movable (amphi = on both sides)– In adults usually Cartilaginous

• Diarthrotic Joints – Freely moveable (Dia = through, apart)– All are Synovial

Functional Classifications

• Synarthroses– Where do you find these?

Synarthroses• Sternum and rib 1 (sternocostal) structurally

classified as a synchodroses– What structural classification is a synchodroses under?

• Distal tibiofibular joint (has slight give) structurally classified as a syndesmoses– What structural classification is a syndesmoses under?

• Suture joints (syntoses) in the skull– What is the function of suture joints?– What is different about these joints at birth and in early

life? Why are they different then?

•Apert’s Syndrome, what’s happen to this kid?

• Premature fusion of skull bones is called either craniosynostosis or craniostenosis.

•This occurs in Apert’s Syndrome and Crouzon Syndrome

Amphiarthroses

• They are synphyses or fibrocartilage joints – Where do you find these?

Examples of amphiarthrotic joints

• Between vertebral bodies– How far can you twist your spine?– Where is most of the movement from? Why?

All diarthrotic joints are synovial joints

Diarthrotic joint types

• Ball and socket

• Hinge

• Gliding (or plane)

• Pivot

• Saddle

• Condyloid

Ball and Socket Joints

• Multi-axial

• What is different about the hips and shoulders?

• Why are the hips are shoulder so different?

• What are the pros and cons of these differences?

Pivot Joints

• Uniaxial

• Where are they?

Hinge Joints

• Where are they?

Saddle Joints

• Where are they?

Gliding Joint

Wristlock – exploiting a joint – see page 20

Other factors in joint movement

Double jointedness

Stretching