Joaquin Martinez, Isabella Ortega, Johana Baldeon

Emilia Alvarez

ENSO Effect on the Antisana Glacier 15

Retreat

Did you know that Antisana’s Glacier 15 has reduced 22% of its size in the last 48 years?

Introduction-

What is ENSO? Natural phenomenon Changes in wáter currents, atmospheric pressure and

temperature. There are two types of changes: El Niño and La Niña

El niño- warm currents of water in South America.

La niña- cool wáter currents.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION-

The glacier had an area of 651,701 m2 in 2004.

From 1956-1996 it retreated 4.56m per year.From 1996-2004 it retreated 20.52m per year.In 48 years, 22% of the glacier has been lost.Glacier 15’s retreat is directly affected by ENSO

ANTISANA-

Recorded temperatures for the Southern Islands of Galapagos.

Average the temperatures.Did a scatter plot and a table in excel.Found the equations for these graphs.Used data for past 5 years of Southern region

of Galapagos to see a pattern. Scater plot and equation of this data.

Researched data for Antisana glacier 15 retreat. And created a scatter plot with a table.

OUR LAB-.

Galapagos Southern Temperatures 2014-2015

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 820.0

21.0

22.0

23.0

24.0

25.0

26.0

27.0

f(x) = 0.735058700899711 x + 20.9005123985078

Average Sea Surface Temper-atures for the Galapagos

Southern Islands 2014-2015

Month (Starting with September 2014)

Avg

Tem

p (

°C)

Average Sea Surface Temperatures for the Galapagos Southern Islands 2014-2015

Month # of Month Avg Temp

September 1 21.9

October 2 22.2

November 3 23.6

December 4 23.3

January 5 24.1

February 6 25.3

March 7 26.6

Slope: (5,24.5) (3,23) x1, y1 x2, y223-24.5= 1.53-5= -2 -1.5/-2= 0.75Y-Intercept: 23 = 0.75(3) +b 23 = 2.25+b -2.25 -2.25 20.75=b

CALCULATIONS- EQUATION- y= 0.75x+ 20.75

Galapagos Southern

Temperatures 2010-2014

y = 0,473x + 21,387

21,0021,5022,0022,5023,0023,5024,0024,50

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Aveg

are

SST

(C°)

Year (starting with 2010)

Average Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) for the Galápagos Southern Islands

2010-2014

Average Sea Surface

Temperature (SST) for the

Galápagos Southern Islands

2010-2014

Year # of Year

Avg Temp (C°)

2010 1 21,5

2011 2 22,76

2012 3 23,17

2013 4 22,71

2014 5 23,89

YearArea of Antisana’s

glacier 15 (m2)

2000 365,464

2001 346,139

2002 322,614

2003 308,616

2004 300,207

Glaciar 15-

After all we concluded that ENSO is very affective on different climate changes around the world. Antisana is a clear example on how Enso affects the glacier retreat and is warning around the world.

CONCLUTION-