Jaring an Tcp

8/17/2019 Jaring an Tcp

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Jaringan TCP/IP (Bagian I)


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Arsitektur Jaringan TCP/IP

• Lapisan 4 : Aplikasi

• Lapisan 3 : Transport

• Lapisan 2 : Internet

• Lapisan 1 : Network Interface


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Lapisan Network Interface

• en!e"iakan teknologi p#!sical "an "ata

link untuk trans$isi "i tingkat $e"ia

%#ar"ware&• e$ungkinkan trans$isi $elalui suatu

$e"iu$ 'aringan p#isik tunggal : et#ernet(

token ring( serat optik( atau )*2+


4/31

Network Interface : ,t#ernet

A - C . ,

A0 prea$le !te .0T!pe 2 !te-0.est* A""r* !te ,0.ata 41+55 !te

C06ource A""r* !te 0C6 4 !te


5/31

Lapisan Internet

• en!a$paikan "atagra$ "ari ko$puter satu ke

ko$puter lainn!a tanpa ergantung pa"a $e"ia

ko$unikasi !ang "igunakan

• .ata "an #ea"er lapisan transport "ifrag$entasi

%"atagra$& se#ingga "apat "iawa ole# IP

• Tiap "atagra$ "ilepas "ala$ 'aringan ke ko$puter

tu'uan %connectionless&

• 7o$puter pengiri$ ti"ak $engeta#ui apaka#

"atagra$ terseut sa$pai atau ti"ak


6/31

%lapisan internet **** lan'utan&

• .iperlukan ala$at ko$puter tu'uan %IP a""ress&

•IP a""ress $enu'ukkan ala$at "ari suatu 'aringan"an rute infor$asi !ang "ilalui

• IP a""ress ter"iri atas 32 it %88*88*88*88&

•

7lasifikasi IP a""ressKelas Jumlah host Valid address range

per network

A 1!!!"1 1#$#$#$ % 1"#""&"&'

B &&' 1"#$#$#1 % 1*1#"&"&"&'

C "&' 1*"#$#$#1 % """#"&"&"&'

+eser,ed % ""'#$#$#$ % "&"&"&"&'


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5 N,TI. 96TI.

5 31

)* )*)*)

neti" #osti"

-it untuk i"entifikasi Ju$la#7elas

Network 9ost Network 9ost

A ; 24 12 224

- 14 1 134 ++3

C 21 221 2+

N,TI. 96TI.

1 31

)*)*

neti" #osti"

N,TI. 96TI.

24 31

)*)*)*)

neti" #osti"

1 5

1 1 5

A#

B#

C#

)*)*


8/31

-eerapa perti$angan saat $enentukan IP a""ress :

• asing$asing logical network #arus $e$pun!ainetwork a""ress sen"irisen"iri

• 6e$ua #ost pa"a satu network #arus $e$pun!ai

network a""ress !ang sa$a• 6e$ua #ost pa"a satu network #arus $e$pun!ai

a""ress #ost !ang unik

• Jangan $enggunakan network a""ress 5 atau 12;

%untuk kelas A&( 1


9/31

Lapisan Transport

• en'a$in ko$unikasi !ang #an"al antara

"ua ua# ko$puter !ang ter#uung

• Ter"iri atas : – TCP %Trans$ission Control Protocol&

– >.P %>ser .atagra$ Protocol&


10/31

Lapisan Aplikasi

• ,ail %,lectronic ail&

• ?e$ote Login %Telnet&

• ile Transfer %TP&

• inger

• "ll


11/31

9uungan I6 "an TCP/IP

I6: TCP/IP

Lapisan ungsi ungsi Lapisan

; Application

Presentation Application 4

+ 6ession

4 Transport Transport 3

3 Network Internet 2

2 .ata Link Network Interface 1

1 P#is!cal 9ar"ware


12/31

IP AP? ?AP? ICP

TCP >.P

Aplikasi Aplikasi

9A?.@A?, INT,?AC,

7eluarga Protocol TCP/IP


13/31

TCP %Trans$ision Control Protocol&

TCP 6er=ices

Input

strea$utput

strea$

TCP Protocol

IP 6er=ices


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• La!anan TCP $eneri$a aliran "ata secara

!te strea$

• La!anan TCP $en!e"iakan : – 6uatu en" to en" co$$unication % socket & !ang

#an"al

–Port : ala$at socket -i"irectional %full "uple8&

– Connection oriente"

– No "uplication of "ata

–

in seuence %fifo& – Infor$asi no$or port $enentukan ser=ice apa

!ang "ilakukan lapisan "iatas TCP %TP

$enggunakan port 21( telnet port 23&


15/31

•

La!anan IP $eneri$a $essage of unit lengt#%"atagra$&

• La!anan IP $en!e"iakan :

– ?outing

– Connectionles co$$unication

– No guarantee in seuence of "eli=ere" "ata

• IP ti"ak terkait "engan suatu $e"ia fisik

• Ja"i walaupun ala$at IP $a$pu $engi"entifikasisuatu no"e "ala$ 'aringan( na$un IP ti"ak terkait

langsung "engan ala$at !ang a"a pa"a $e"ia

"i$ana no"e terseut era"a

IP %Internet Protocol&


16/31

Internet protocol %lan'utan ****&

• TTL %ti$e to li=e& : $enentukan erapa

la$a IP isa erta#an #i"up "ala$ 'aringan*

-ila IP ti"ak isa $ene$ukan ala$attu'uan( $aka IP akan $ati "engan

sen"irin!a*


17/31

P,NB,LLAAN JA?INBAN

• 6uatu aturan !ang "igunakan $e$onitor aktifitas

suatu ko$ponen aktif "ari 'aringan ko$puter

•

Pa"a ko$ponen 'aringan ini "ita$a#kan seua#agen %iasan!a ole# =en"or&( !ang erfungsi

$en!i$pan infor$asi tentang proses pa"a

ko$ponen terseut

• Agen akan $erespon ter#a"ap reuest "ari

$ana'er


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A?6IT,7T>? ANAJ,,N

JA?INBAN

anage$ent ,ntit!

AgentAgent Agent

Network

anage" .e=ices


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ungsi asing$asing ,ntitas %1&

• anage$ent ,ntit! :

– perator Notification

– ,=ent Logging

– 6!ste$ 6#ut"own

– Auto$atic atte$pts at s!ste$ repair

–Poll to en" station %"e=ice& auto$aticall! orwit# user reuest


20/31

ungsi asing$asing ,ntitas %2&

• Agent :

– o"ul software !ang er#uungan "engan

suatu perangkat !ang isa $e$erikaninfor$asi tentang kea"aan %status& perangkat

terseut*

– engiri$ response atas reuest !ang "atang

"ari $anage$ent entit!*


21/31

>NB6I >TAA ANAJ,,N

JA?INBAN

• Perfor$ance anage$ent

• Configuration anage$ent• Accounting anage$ent

• ault anage$ent

• 6ecurit! anage$ent


22/31

Perfor$ance anage$ent

• en'aga internetwork perfor$ance pa"a

le=el !ang "apat "iteri$a

• e$peringatkan a"$inistrator untuk$eng#in"ari ter'a"in!a $asala#

• Perfor$ance =ariale :

– network t#roug#put

– response ti$e


23/31

Configuration anage$ent %1&

• e$onitor konfigurasi siste$ "ari suatu

perangkat*

•e$u"a#kan a"$in untuk $en!elesaikan$asala# !ang $ungkin ti$ul*

• Conto# : 6uatu konfigurasi workstation

–

perating s!ste$ : .6 =ersi *5 – ,t#ernet Interface : =ersi +*4


24/31

Configuration anage$ent %2&

• Conto# : 6uatu konfigurasi workstation

– perating s!ste$ : .6 =ersi *5

– ,t#ernet Interface : =ersi +*4

– TCP/IP software( =ersi 2*5

– .ataase 6oftware : racle =ersi : i

– 6NP software( =ersi 3*1


25/31

Accounting anage$ent

• engukur penggunaan se$ua network

resource !ang penting*

• A"a pe$atasan %uota& "an a"a peraikan%tuning& supa!a "i"apat #asil !ang opti$al*

• Penggunaan resource "apat "i'aga sea"il

"an seopti$al $ungkin*


26/31

ault anage$ent

• Tu'uan : $en'aga network supa!a tetap

er'alan secara efektif*

• en"eteksi : – 7esala#an

– Log

– Notif! users of


27/31

6ecurit! anage$ent

• en'aga network "ari uni"entifie" user

access*

• eng#in"ari atau $encega# hacker

• enolak akses : inappropriate access co"e

%akses ke "ata kepegawaian ole# agian

kepegawaian&

• encega# =irus


28/31

@#at >ser @ant ro$ Network

anage$ent %1&• Assurance of continue" en"user ser=ice

• Auto$aticall! as possile ! integrating

p#!sical an" logical network $anage$ent

• Capailit! to operate full! e=en w#en

i$portant network ele$ents #a=e faile"*

• Capailit! to $onitor an" "iagnoseunsatisfactor! con"itions in t#e entire

network


29/31


anage$ent %2&• ?eal ti$e or near real ti$e anal!sis of

network perfor$ance*

• 6tatistics an" #istorical "ata auto$aticall!sa=e" in stan"ar" "atase*

• 6traig#tforwar" interface wit# #u$an

operator*• Increasing operations pro"ucti=it! !

controlling uantit! of staff*


30/31


anage$ent %3&• Pro=i"ing a powerful network $anage$ent

"ataase for supporting operations(

a"$inistration( anal!sis( an" planning• .!na$ic a"aption to t#e e=er c#anging

en=iron$ent is a ke! ite$ t#at "ri=es

network $anage$ent e8pen"itures*• .!na$ic e8pansion an" reconfiguration of

network capacit! using an"wi"t#

$anage$ent tec#niues*


31/31


anage$ent %4&• >se of one network generation source

• I$pro=e" securit! of t#e network

• Increasingl! accurate an" si$plifie"

accounting "ata

• I$ple$entation of generic applications

• Integrate" network $anage$ent

• Centraliation wit# "istriute" i$ple$entation

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Jaring an Tcp