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7/29/2019 January | February 2013 - Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine - full edition
1/68A subscription magazine for the global flour & feed milling industries - first published in 1891INCORPORATING PORTS, DISTRIBUTION AND FORMULATION
In this issue:
Efficientbarge
unloading
technology
Feedenzymes
in animal
nutrition
Controlling theexplosion risks
within hammermills
Use of computerprogrammingin animal dietformulation
Recycling surplusfactory foodinto quality animal feeds
January-February2013
first published in 1891
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GRAIN &
FEEDMILLINGTECHNOLOGY
Grain & Feed Milling Technology is published six times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom.
All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies, the publishers
accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis of information published.
Copyright 2013 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by
any means without prior permission of the copyright owner.
volume: 124 number 1 issn no: 1466-3872
January - February 2013
Published by
Perendale Publishers Ltd
7 St Georges Terrace, St James Square
Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1242 267700
Fax: +44 1242 267701
Publisher
Roger Gilbert
Tel: +44 1242 267707
Associate Editor
Alice Neal
Tel: +44 1242 267707
Design and Page Layout
James Taylor
Tel: +44 1242 267707
Circulation & Subscriptions Manager
Tuti Tan
Tel: +44 1242 267707
International Marketing Team
Darren Parris
Tel: +44 1242 267707
Lee Bastin
Tel: +44 1242 267707
Tom BlackerTel: +44 1242 267707
Latin America Marketing Team
Ivan Marquetti
Tel: +54 2352 427376
Pablo Porcel de Peralta
Tel: +54 2352 427376
India Marketing Team
Assocom-India Pvt Ltd
Tel: +91 47 675216
Annual Subscription Rates
Inside UK: UK70
Outside: US$140/ Euros110
More information
www.gfmt.co.uk
http://gfmt.blogspot.co.uk
News:US corn crop high quality, despite drought 3
Third scientific exchange meeting for Pancosma 3
New mycotoxin product from Romer Labs 3
Adisseo launches real time web platform for NIR predictions 4
The MPE Chain-Vey for pet food 4
Alapala opens two new flour mills 5Cloud solution improves information interchange in feed industry 5
Hope dawns for aging feed mill 6
4B increases capacity of STARCO steel elevator buckets 7
Success for IPPE 7
Alltech feed survey findings: world increases production to 959 million tons 9
Features:Controlling the explosion risks within hammer mills 10
Recycling surplus factory food into quality animal feeds 12
Efficient barge unloading technology for grain handling on inland waterways 16
Raising standards to improve profitability with Econase XT Mixer Liquid Application 22Yeast in aquaculture 26
Profitable aquafeed 32
Use of computer programming in animal diet formulation 34
Factors affecting silo demand and design 38
Die and pelleting equipment maintenance 42
Commodities:Raw material outlook, by John Buckley 44
In the footsteps of Broomhall50
iNdustryeveNts 52IAOM Annual Conference & Expo 53
VIV Asia 56
IDMA 58
thegFmtiNterviewHao Yun - ZhengChang Chairman 60
iNdustryFaces64An optimised sales network at Pancosma
North American Millers Association announces new chairman
New management appointments at Glencore following Viterra takeover
Danish Centre for Food and Agriculture bags new director
THEGlobal
Miller
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First, Id like to thank the publishers of Grain &
Feed Milling Technology for the opportunity to
contribute to this issue the first of 2013. For
those of you who may not know me, Im currently the
executive vice president of the International Association
of Operative Millers (IAOM). My background is in
communications and Russian and East European
area studies. Its been a terrific eight years with
the association, during which time Ive learned a
great deal about the grain processing industry.
It was 117 years ago in January that IAOMs precursor,
the Fraternity of Operative Millers, was founded in
order to elevate the profession of flour milling in the
eyes of mill owners in the United States. In 1919, the
name was changed to Association of Operative Millers,
and in 2003, international was added to the name to
reflect the organisations membership growth outsideNorth America. A little less than half of the associations
membership is located in our four international districts:
Eurasia, Latin America, Mideast & Africa, and Southeast
Asia.
Today, IAOM continues to focus on its core mission
of enhancing the proficiency of professionals in the
international grain milling industry by providing continuing
education and training opportunities through a professional
development programme.
As I travel to our district meetings around the
world, it is evident that the entire membership faces
similar challenges, regardless of location. Food safety and
traceability is becoming a critical issue across the globe.
End users are demanding that more safeguards are in
place to protect the food supply. At the same time, millers
are faced with increased volatility in grain prices, making
the business of procurement even more crucial to a mills
profitability.
In several countries, subsidies for bread products are
being phased out, creating even more pressure on millers
to keep their costs low. As new technologies emerge and
demand increases, the proficiency of millers will become
even more critical. Training programmes and continuing
education will play an ever-increasing role in the grain
processing industry.
At IAOM, there is a variety of opportunities for milling
professionals to continue to develop and learn about
the different aspects of milling. IAOM members indicate
that sessions in which participants are able to share a
challenge, best practice or accomplishment are extremely
beneficial. They also profit from attending the annual
meeting, committee and
district meetings, and resident
milling courses.
Senior executives
understand that a highly-
skilled workforce offers a
competitive advantage and
they are making investments
in their employees. There is
also evidence that professional
development opportunities
contribute to employee
retention something thatthe industry has struggled with
from time to time.
Throughout the food-
processing chain, opportunities
are available for professional
development from a variety of
sources. Make it a priority in
the new year for you and your
staff to participate in activities
that can provide both formal
and informal opportunities for
education and training.
Start by taking advantage of the articles in this issue
learn about good silo design, explosion prevention for
hammer mills and grinders, recycling food manufacturing
waste as animal feeds, maintenance for dies and pellet
machinery, and an overview of enzymes.
And, if you see me at a meeting, please be sure to
stop and introduce yourself. I love meeting people, and
IAOM is always seeking out ways to build on synergies
and increase learning opportunities through collaboration
with other organisations and groups.Guest
-EDITORSOBSERV
ATIONS Guest editor - Melinda Farris,IAOM
Happy New Year!
Melinda Farris, executive vicepresident of the International
Association of OperativeMillers, USA
You might have noticed that GFMT has put on a bit of weightover the winter. However, you wont find us on a faddy diet orhitting the gym: we have no intention of shifting this extra bulk.
The increase in size is down to a concerted effort to makesure the magazine accurately reflects the concerns of you,our readers.
We know that grain and feed milling is not just aboutwhat goes on inside the mill. Thats why weve expandedour content and added a strapline, incorporating ports,distribution and formulation.
Grain handling facilities at ports are using bigger and moresophisticated equipment every year. They really are the placeto see bulk handling technologies in action.
Transport meanwhile is the backbone of the grain and feedsupply chain, be it delivering products to and from the mill,
or around the plant itself. We start this new focus by looking
at loading and unloading equipment for barges.We all know that in milling, profit margins are tight sodelivering the safest and most efficient product is vitallyimportant. Ingredient selection plays a crucial role inproducing consistently high-quality products so we willcontinue to feature articles on nutrition and formulation.
Lastly, after the success of our managing maintenance articlein September/October 2012, weve given maintenancea regular slot in the magazine. This month we look atrefurbishing die and pellet machines.
I hope you find these new sections a useful addition toour regular subject matters. If you have any comments orsuggestions, please get in touch with me by email: alicen@
perendale.co.uk
Alice Neal, associate editor, Grain and Feed Milling Technology
NOTE FROM GFMT
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG2 | January - february 2013
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The overall quality of the
2012 US corn crop is
high and improves upon
last years very good marks
across a range of test factors,
according to the US Grains
Councils Corn Harvest Quality
Report 2012/13.
Total US corn production fell in
2012 due to the worst drought
in decades, but despite the
drought, the 2012 crop showed
a year-over-year improvement
in average text weight, protein
levels, and density, as well as
lower moisture and BCFM than
the 2011 crop.
This is the second year for
the councils Harvest Report.
The Harvest Report assessesthe quality of the US crop
as it is delivered from farms
to local elevators, the first
step in entering international
marketing channels. It will be
followed in April 2013 by the
second annual Corn Export
Cargo Quality Report, which
assess quality at the point of
export.
The council produces the
reports so global importers
will have access to reliable and
comparable data from year
to year, with samples being
gathered and tested using
transparent and consistent
methods. With an increasingly
competitive global market,
the availability of accurate
information is in the long-term
best interest of US farmers,
exporters and international
buyers, says Erick Erickson,
USGC director of global
strategies. We received atremendously positive response
to the inaugural reports from
internat ional buyers , so
certainly there is a need for this
type of information.
For the harvest quality report,
samples of US corn were
gathered from 12 states that
combined are the source for
99 percent of US corn exports.
Tests conducted on the samples
cover grading factors like test
weight, physical factors such as
stress cracks and other items
such as moisture, protein
starch, oil and mycotoxins.
T h e s a m p l e s t e s t e d
demonstrate that the 2012 US
corn crop, while smaller due to
the drought, is of outstanding
quality overall, says Erickson.
Data indicates the average
test weight for the 2012/13
crop was 58.8 pounds per
bushel, an increase over 2011
and more than two poundsper bushel above the grade
limit for No. 1 US corn. At the
same time, broken corn and
foreign material (BCFM) was
lower, as were the number of
damaged kernels. Moisture, at
15.3 percent, was also lower
than last year.
Prote in numbers were
generally higher, starch was
marginally lower and oil content
was unchanged, says Erickson.
The frequency of stress cracks,
which indicate the relative
susceptibility of kernels to break up
during handling, are up marginally,
which could be an indicator that
the crop will be more susceptible
to breakage during handling,
information that may turn up in
the Corn Export Cargo Quality
Report in the spring.
Er ickson notes that the
Counci l s Corn Harvest
Quality Report 2012/13 only
assesses the quality of the
current U.S. corn harvest as it
enters merchandising channels,
as quality can be affected byfurther handling, blending,
storage conditions and other
downstream factors.
The full report is available at www.
grains.org.
US corn crop high quality, despite drought
Romer Labs, Austria haslaunched the MycoSpinTM
400 Multitoxin
column - a new product for
an effective clean-up prior to
multi-mycotoxin analysis,
enhancing the performance of
LC-MS/MS methods.
The MycoSpinTM 400 Multitoxin
cleanup columns, in conjunction
with BiopureTM 13C labeled
internal standards, achieve new
performance levels in LC-MS/
MS analysis. Using this approach
means straightforward sample
preparation and no limitations
by molecular mass of the
analyte.
Furthermore, BiopureTM 13Ci so tope - l abe l ed i n t e rna l
s t a n d a r d s o v e r c o m e
the i on i z a t i on e f f e c t by
stabilising the system to the
effects of signal suppression
and signal enhancement.
Romer Labs has developed
a s e r i e s o f m e t h o d
applications using this new
approach of a MycoSpin TM
c l e a n u p w i t h B i o p u r e TM
internal standards. These
methods are val idated for
the simultaneous detection
of mult iple mycotoxins in
cereal grains, mixed feeds,
and corn, inc luding corn
by-products.
After two success-
ful editions and
continuous demands
from the market, Pancosma
renewed its own scientific
congress in Madrid, Spain from
December 5-6, 2012.
The Swiss feed manufacturer
took advantage of its scientific
network to organise the annual
Pancosma Worldwide Scientific
Exchange.
Titled Gut Languages, the 2012,
meeting focused on Pancosmas
research strategy on gut
immunology, gut microbiome
and gut sensing to improve
animal. In this context, Dr
Soraya Shirazi-Beechey of
Liverpool University spoke
about the continuation of the
Gut Effects project, already well
known through the outstanding
results of SUCRAM in swine.
She developed the applications
and extension to the ruminants
species. Dr Gay, Dr Furness,
Dr Finlay, Dr Lillehoj also
revealed the last results of this
year of research completed with
Pancosma.
Proud of this success, the
Pancosma team is already
working on the program and
on the guests list for the 4th
edition, to be held in January
2014.
New mycotoxin product from RomerLabs
Third scientific exchange meeting for Pancosma
News January - February 2013 NEWS
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG January - february 2013 | 3
PPLAPPava
ilab
le
H
ERE
GFMT's Global Milling News
portal, highlighting industry and
company news! Now available on
your mobile
PPLAPP
http://www
.perendale.com
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Adisseo launches realtime web platformfor NIR predictions
T
his service enables buyers, nutritionists
and quality managers to find out the
nutritional values of their raw materials
in real time. Thus, feed manufacturers can
instantaneously obtain values of apparent
metabolisable energy, total and digestible
amino-acids, total and phytic phosphorus
contents of raw materials through NIR
predictions. The poultry digestibility values
are based on in vivo trials conducted at CERN
(Centre dExprimentation et de Recherche
en Nutrition), Adisseos experimental facility
located in Commentry, France.
Offering over 20 raw materials, this web
platform is available in five languages: English,
Spanish, Portuguese, French and Chinese.This web platform allows the customer to adapt
diet formulations according to the results.
"Considering the sharp rise in raw material
price, this unique tool offers to customers a
major technical and economic improvement
since it allows to optimise the formulations
in real time by benefiting from the expertise
and transverse management of Adisseo teams,"
says Ccile Gady, manager of research on raw
materials and PNE service.
Developed with the collaboration of Bruker
and Foss, "this web platform is a major,
unequalled innovation dedicated to Adisseo
customers from all over the world. This
project goes far beyond a mere web interface,
it is also a technological feat, although with
the key objective to enable a simple and
ergonomic customer interface," says Jean-
Baptiste Gosset, web department manager,
Adisseo.
To see the PNE web platform visit: pne.adisseo.com
The MPE Chain-Veyfor pet food
Modern Process Equipment Corporation
(MPE) has created a tubular drag
conveyor exclusively designed for
the transport of pet food products. The MPE
Chain-Vey can handle everything from raw
ingredients to finished, ready-to-package
goods.
Its flexible design and compact footprint is sure
to fit virtually any configuration. MPE claims
that the dust-tight enclosed design protects
pet food from the surrounding environment.
The MPE Chain-Vey also features clean-in-place
capabilities with automated wash cycles for
sanitary conveying needs.
NewsJanuary - February 2013NEWS
Hello Millers
The Global Miller blog is great place to catch up on industry news and event.
In the column this issue, we take a closer look at recent company buyouts,
developments and acquisitions.
Cargill is to invest $20 million to support animal nutrition in sub Saharan
Africa. A new deal will give the company's animal nutrition and premix business,
Provimi, a majority shareholding and assume managerial control of NuTec
Southern Africa. As part of this investment the company plans to build a new
premix and base mix facility at NuTecs existing location in Pietermaritzburg
to expand its animal nutrition capabilities in sub Saharan Africa.
http://bit.ly/XdZGJl
Material handling equipment manufacturer Intersystems has been bought by the
Pritzker Group for an undisclosed price."We see great opportunities for Intersystems in the world grain and feed
markets, says Tom Schroeder, chief executive officer, Intersystems.
"The resources of The Pritzker Group will ensure our continued growth by
helping us add new products and services to better meet the needs of our
customers." "Intersystems has grown significantly under Tom and his teams
stewardship, and we are proud to partner with them, says Michael Barzyk,
vice president, Pritzker Group. Intersystems serves as a great example of our
strategy to invest in leading companies serving the global agricultural market."
http://bit.ly/S2TmXT
DSM has completed a US $634 million buyout of Fortitech. The acquisition is
the ninth addition to DSM's nutrition arm since 2012.
http://bit.ly/X7g4L9
Lallemand Animal Nutrition has announced that it acquired Microbial
Developments Ltd, the UK based manufacturer of Aviguard, on December
31, 2012. Aviguard is a well-established avian competitive exclusion product
that aids the rapid establishment of normal gut flora in day old chicks thereby
minimising colonisation by transient pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella,
E. Coli and Clostridium perfringens. Aviguard is sold in over 36 countries and
is widely used in broiler and layer breeders, parent and grandparent stock.
Yannig Le Treut, general manager of Lallemand Animal Nutrition says, Aviguard
is a well established and cost ef fective competitive exclusion solution used by
many of the worlds leading poultry breeders and integrators to help prevent
the colonisation of the gut by salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria. With
ever increasing consumer and regulatory pressures on the poultry industry to
minimise the routine use of antibiotics, we believe Aviguard is well positionedfor the future and will complement our existing port folio of poultry products,
which includes Bactocell, Alkosel, Agrimos and Levucell SB.
http://bit.ly/13DrAUA
We would love to hear from you. Tell us what you think at
http://gfmt.blogspot.com
THE GLOBAL MILLERA blog dedicated to professionals - including nutritionists - in the transportation,
storage and milling of grains, feedstuffs, rice and cereals, globally.
This monthwe have added our pictures from VIV China to our Facebook
page - take a look at:
http: //www.facebook.com/GrainFeedMillingTechnology
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG
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In December 2012, Turkish
firm, Alapala opened two
new flour mills in Tokmok,
Kyrgyzstan and Darkhan,
Mongolia.
The official opening ceremony
of the Tokmok flour-milling
plant, which has a capacity of
250 tons/24 hours, was held on
December 2, 2012.
The milling section consists
of 18 units of roller mills, six
units of purifying machines and
six units of sifters. The plant
feature new generation milling
equipment including 12 roller
mills, four purifying machines
and two plan-sifters. Reducing
the amount of grinding and
sifting equipment minimised the
energy-output ratio.
The flour-milling plant was
complete ly renewed and
modernised by Alapala with
finance from Khazkh investors.
Alapala claims it is the onlywheat processing
plant in Kyrgyzstan
which completely
conforms to the
international
standards.
M e a n w h i l e o n
December 6, 2012 in Darkhan,
Mongolia the opening ceremony
of a 300 tons/24 hours capacity
flour-milling plant took place.
The project included designing
and erecting a steel flour milling
plant, designing a diagram of the
milling section, assembly and
start up.The plant is one of the biggest
wheat processing plants of
Mongolia which produces
three types of flour. As the
flour-milling plant is completely
automated, the number of the
staff is minimised.
Nutr i t ion so f tware
supplier Adifo has
launched a cloud-
based collaborative platform as
an extension to BESTMIX, its
profit-driven feed formulation
and recipe management system.
The company hopes the
extens ion p l a t form wi l l
revolutionise the information
interchange between nutrition
experts and the outs ide
world to the benefit of all
parties involved, including feedadvisors, external partners and
customers.
The Formu l a t i on a s a
Service solution securely
implemented in the cloud
gives users online access to
part of a nutrition companys
BESTMIX database. Users
can retrieve minute-precise
market data, rely on up-to-date
equations and use state-of-the-
art formulation functionality at
any time. They can also record
project or customer-specific
data such as purchase costs and
specifications.
Adifo has pioneered a new
way of working which will
dramatical ly improve the
col laborat ive interact ion
between all parties in the
nutrition companys value chain.
For example:
Account managers and
independent consultants
will simulate adaptations
to recipes to meet specific
customer demands and
evaluate immediately
the cost impact of their
adaptations.
Internal departmentssuch as marketing, sales
and quality assurance
will produce their own
data and reports without
compromising core data.
External interested
parties will be able to sign
knowledge contracts with
the nutrition company
and take advantage of
nutritional know-how.
Research centres will want
to use the system to unlock
their nutritional knowledge
to interested parties all
over the world.
The formulation
department can learn
about evolving customer
preferences by analysing
adaptations made by the
client.
The Formulation as a Service
platform has the additional
advantage of being easy to set up
and use. There are no worries
for the customer; the solution
even eliminates the need for
setting up and maintaining
dedicated laptops for account
managers or consultants.
Whats more, Adifo backs
up the data and updates the
software continuously, leaving
the customer care- free.
Cloud solution improves information interchange in feed industry
News January - February 2013 NEWS
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG January - february 2013 | 5
Alapala opens two new flour mills
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New infrastructure will
help UC Davis assess
livestocks environmental
footprint
Its the 21st century on most of
these 50 acres of pastures and pens
two miles west of the main campus,
where renowned scientists
produce ground-breaking research
on animal welfare, livestock
production and environmental
quality. This is where you will find,
for example, the multimillion dollar
environmental chambers and
bovine bubbles where UC Davis
Professor and UC cooperative
extension specialist Frank
Mitloehner and his team work to
minimise unwanted nutrient losses
by animals which affect water andair quality and increase those
nutrient values in the products we
consume.
But its also where youll find one
of the most antiquated feed mills
around. Built in 1960, the rusty
UC Davis feed mill is better suited
for a museum than preparing
the precise mixtures of grain
and additives needed to conduct
world-class science and educate
a new generation of agricultural
leaders.
That mill is badly outdated, says
John Pereira, managing partner
with Frontier Ag, a merchandiser of
agricultural and feed commodities
based in the Sacramento Valley.
UC Davis has a top-rate animal
science programme thats making
a huge difference in our industry,
keeping agriculture productive and
sustainable. They absolutely need a
new feed mill.
Leaders from the industry are
working to make that happen.
Pereira is president of the CaliforniaGrain and Feed Association
(CGFA), which recently started
the effort and donated $150,000
towards building a new UC Davis
feed mill - $100,000 now and
$50,000 once construction begins
in early autumn 2013.
Its our way of supporting
the work UC Davis and Frank
Mitloehner are doing, which
is some of the worlds finest
research, says Pereira.
Mitloehner was recently selected
to chair a United Nations Food
and Agriculture Organization
committee to measure and assess
the environmental impacts of
the global livestock industry. The
international effort is the first step
toward improving the sustainability
of the livestock sector, particularly
as the global consumption of meat,
dairy products and eggs continues
to rise.
As chair of the new committee,
Mitloehner will lead representatives
of national governments, livestock
industries, and nonprofit and
private sectors in establishing
science-based methods to quantify
livestocks carbon
footprint, create a
database of greenhouse
gas emission factors
for animal feed, and
develop a methodology
to measure other
environmental
pressures, such aswater consumption and
nutrient loss.
A new feed mill will
really help that effort,
says Mitloehner. We
very much appreciate
the California Grain
and Feed Associations
contributions. Were
also reaching out
to conservat ion
groups and other
stakeholders, because
quantifying livestocks
environmental
footprint is important
to us all.
The new feed mill
will cost $5.3 million
- $2 million of that from in-kind
equipment donations already
pledged from industry and $3.3
million in monetary donations. The
UC Davis College of Agricultural
and Environmental Sciences
contributed $100,000.
All the preliminary work hasbeen done, says Dan Sehnert,
animal facilities coordinator for
the UC Davis Department of
Animal Science. With the help of
an industry planning committee,
we have a site map, an approved
Environmental Impact Report,
and everything else we need to get
started once we have the funds.
UC Davis animal scientists are
awarded millions of dollars in grant
funding, but that money cant be
used to support infrastructure, like
a new feed mill. The current feed
mill was a gift from the California
Cattle Feeders Association in 1961.
It was state-of-the-art at the
time, says Mitloehner, leading a
recent tour of the feedlot. And it
has served us well. But now, it is
totally outdated.
Mitloehner pauses by the tarnished
feed mill, its pieces patched and
repatched where maintenance
crews struggle to keep the
equipment running.
Couldnt UC Davis contract with
commercial mills to meet its animal
feed needs?
No, because researchers are
doing a lot more than keeping the
animals (cattle, swine, goats, sheep,
horses, poultry and others) alive
and well, says Sehnert, who has
joined the impromptu tour. They
carefully control and monitor
what goes in and comes out of the
animals, testing for things such asfeed efficiency.
Mitloehner adds, For example,
we integrate additives into feed
to reduce the nitrogen that leaves
the cow. We work with very
small amounts of additives, which
need to circulate thoroughly
throughout the feed. Much of our
research depends on the ability to
customize feed.
Mitloehner leads us past pens
where he and his team measure
the methane in a cows exhale,
using machines they built that exist
nowhere else in the world. Two at
a time, the cows breathe into a
clear, plastic box which captures
their breath.
What is the carbon footprint of
a gallon of milk? Mitloehner asks.
Our research will help answer
that question. We need good data
to understand the true impact of
agriculture on the environment.
Industry and society depend on
the data UC Davis is producing,
says Ken Zeman, feed mill
superintendent at Harris Feeding
Company and chair of the industry
planning committee that supports
a new UC Davis feed mill.
Dr. Mitloehner is one
of a kind, Zeman says
from his office at Harris
Ranch outside Coalinga,
California. His programme
is providing good, reliable
information. His research is
recognised worldwide, andhis students are going on
to become leaders in our
industry. We need to do
all we can to support that
program.
T h e r e a r e 1 , 0 0 0
undergraduates and 100
graduate students in the
UC Davis Department of
Animal Science. One of
those graduate students
is Clayton Neumeier, who
is here with Mitloehner
outside the methane-
measuring pens, preparing
feed in a cement mixer.
Yeah, its pretty low
tech, Neumeier says with
a smile.
UC Davis animal scientists deserve
better, says Chris Zanobini, chief
executive officer for the California
Grain and Feed Association, based
in Sacramento.
Im thrilled our association
has made the first industry
gift, because when you have aprogramme that good, you want
to do all you can to support it,
Zanobini says. I know others
will join us, because the work
Frank Mitloehner is doing with air
quality along with all the work
in the animal science department
is important to our operations.
Its vital to our future, not just
for our industry but for our state,
our nation and our world.
To learn more about the new
feed mill and how you can help,
please contact Frank Mitloehner
at [email protected] or
Martha Ozonoff, director of major
gifts for UC Davis, mjozonoff@
ucdavis.edu
Hope dawns for aging feed mill
Dr Mitloehner and old feed mill
Grad student Clayton Neumeier
NewsJanuary - February 2013NEWS
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Mo r e t h a n 1 , 1 8 0
exhibitors and 25,000
attendees took part
in the revamped International
Production and Processing
Exposition (IPPE) show, which
ran from January 29-31, 2013
in Atlanta, USA. The addition
of the American Meat Institute
(AMI) to form a triumvirate of
processing organisations with
the American Feed Industry
Association (AFIA) and the US
Poultry and Egg Association to
form the new IPPE, has been
hailed a great success.
The combined event took over
430,000 net square feet of exhibit
space at the CNN-Phillip Arena-
Georges World Convention
Centre, making it one of the
worlds largest annual poultry,
feed and meat trade shows.
As the old saying goes, we have
learned that the whole is greater
than the sum of its parts. We have
been pleased that exhibitors and
attendees alike have recognised
the significantly increased value
that integration of the three trade
shows brings. From the breadth
of the education offerings to
the number of exhibitors to the
strong attendee interest, the
excitement has been building,
remarked the organisers at the
ribbon cutting ceremony.
After an initially quiet first
morning for IPPE, the end of day
one and the morning of day two
proved very popular. Not even
the short-lived tornado that
struck the CNN-Phillip Arena-
Georges World Convention
Centre around midday on day
two could keep people away.
Visitors had much to see and
do despite the odd bucket that
had been strategically placed to
catch drips from leaks in the
roof.
Whi le meat and poultry
exhibitors were presented in
either the live production and
processing, live production
or live poultry production
areas, feed-related exhibitors
maintained their own section
of Hall A and drew together
ingredient, equipment and
other suppliers. It was a great
display of the diversity of feed
manufacturing essentials.
From GFMT's point-of-view
the show has yielded many
new contacts both in terms of
new readers, subscribers and
contributors to our pages. We
were fortunate enough to have
a team of three in Atlanta for
the event. Our Spanish-language
edition was well-received as
was the International Milling
Directory. We cant wait until
next year!
Success for IPPE
4B has invested in tooling toincrease the capacities of
its STARCO steel elevator
buckets; as a result, all 4Bs
STARCO steel buckets now
have the same or greater
capacities than comparable
buckets of their competitors.
The STARCO bucket was
originally invented by 4B
Braimes French subsidiary,
SETEM, in the 1980s and was
the first low profile elevator
bucket to use centrifugal
discharge on a parabolic
elevator head to achieve
much higher capacities on a
given elevator leg.
The Starco elevator bucket hasbeen engineered to provide
perfect fill and discharge for
a wide range of products. Itoperates at wide speed range,
up to 4.55m/s.
The company has carr iedout a range of tests pitting
its STARCO bucket against
competitors. 4B found
that many buckets have
a lower capacity what
i s c l a imed on paper
and that the quality of
the bucket i tse l f can
b e v e r y d i f f e r e n t
depend ing on the
production process
a n d t h e q u a l i t y o f
t he s t ee l u sed . On
request, 4B can provide
test resul ts and f ie ld
evidence to show the
d i f f e rences between
different models.
4B increases capacity of STARCO steel elevator buckets
News January - February 2013 NEWS
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NEWS IN BRIEFIndustries Confederation has announced that its annual conference for the
supply industry Agribusiness 2014 will be held at the East of England
Showground, UK on Wednesday November 13, 2014. Details of the
programme will be posted to the confederations website www.agindustries.
org.uk
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) and The
International Feed Industry Federation (IFIF) have launched a Chinese languageversion of the 'Feed Manual of Good Practices for the Feed Industry'. The
Feed Manual, the first of its kind, was published by IFIF and FAO to increase
safety and feed quality at the production level, and was officially presented in
Rome at FAO Headquarters to the Chinese Feed Manufacturers Association
(CFIA).
Alexandra de Athayde, IFIF Executive Director, says, the Feed Manual is
designed to increase safety and feed quality at the production level both for
industrial production and on farm mixing. Ms de Athayde added, We are
very pleased that we have launched the Chinese language version of the Feed
Manual. China is the number one producer of animal feed today and only
by working together can we continue to ensure feed and food safety, while
meeting the demands of 60 percent more food for 9 billion people by 2050
and to do so sustainably.
Canadian governments are to invest C$6.5 million in crop-related research
projects. The Federal Agriculture Minister, Gerry Ritz and Saskatchewan
Agriculture Minister, Lyle Stewart hope the funding will keep Canadian
agriculture growing. The 38 projects are aimed at improving disease control
and weather tolerance
Although much of the world has suffered from a slow down in grain
exports in 2012, due in part to bad weather, India has fared much better.
The country is set to triple its wheat exports to a record six million tonnes in
2013. Over the last five years Indian farmers have stockpiled large quantities of
grain which will help plug the global shortfall in lower-quality grain.
A new research centre in Western Australia aims to crack the genetic code
of wheat. The Researchers at the Australia-China Centre for wheat at
Murdoch University hope they can do for wheat, what the human genome
project did for DNA.
UK bread maker, Hovis has abandoned its commitment to use 100 percent
British wheat. The company claims the poor UK harvest left the company with
no choice but to import from the EU.
Poland has become the eight EU member state to ban the cultivation of GM
crops approved by the European Food Safety Authority as safe. Two crops
will be affected by the ban: Monsantos MON810 maize and BASFs Amflora
potato. The decision came into effect on January 28, 2013.
Thailand has lost the top spot as the world's biggest rice exporter. Both
India and Vietnam have overtaken the Southeast Asian country as exports
fell 35 percent in 2012. Thai rice exports reached 6.9 million tonnes of ricelast year, compared to 10.6 million tonnes in 2011. In the same period, India
shipped 9.5 million tonnes and Vietnam sold 7.8 million tonnes overseas,
according to the Thai Rice Exporters Association.
More than a million rice framers in Vietnam are now using innovative
growing methods says Oxfam. 1.3 million growers have adopted the System
of Rice Intensification which promises better yields while using less water,
fertiliser and seeds.
Iran will reach self-sufficiency in rice production in the next Iranian calendar
year (to start March 20, 2013), Iranian Deputy Agricultural Jihad Minister
Jahangir Porhemmat has announced. According to the Agriculture Jihad
Ministry's plan, Iran was supposed to reach self-sufficiency in the rice
production field by the end of the current Iranian calendar year, but officials
announced in November that the plan needs some more three years forcompletion.
Hello and welcome to the inaugural
column for Grain & Feed Milling
Technology by Tom from the
International Milling Directory (IMD). These
two publications are normally separated by the
different purposes and also by the buildings
walls here at the Perendale offices.
T h e I M D
coordinator job
changed hands
at the end of last
year and I am
pleased to have
taken up the post
for the 2013/14directory. There
is much to get
done and our
ambi t ions are
h i g h e r t h a n
ever before. Were determined to produce
a reliable directory with a broad depth of
information and real benefits for investing in
a listing.
Teamwork from others in the team and an
extra assistant from early February will be
essential for its success. This will be especially
true when I exhibit the IMD and other
publications of Perendale at GEAPS Exchange
in Louisville, Tennessee, USA in late February;
it would be fantastic to meet members and
users of the IMD there.
The current edition has mostly been
distributed - so place an order now before
they are all gone!
The 2013/14 directory already has advanced
pre-orders and will be going to several
conferences around the world after Julys
publication of the 22nd edition.
I am also delighted that new companies
in many fields have registered themselves
for the new edition. These include CanadaTrading Inc., FrontalRain Technologies, Yasar
Group, Personalized Nutraceuticals, Parantez,
Finetek, Borg Mills and Biochem GmbH.
Do update or register your companys listing
now at www.internationalmilling.com. Free
and paid options are available online or
through our own media file - please contact
me for a media file and registration forms.
Check out daily news and updates on the IMD
blog at www.millinginternational.com.
More Information:
Tel: +44 1242 267700
Email: [email protected]
Tom Blacker, sales manager and directory
coordinator, International Milling Directory
Tom Blacker
NewsJanuary - February 2013NEWS
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The world is producing
959 million tons of
feed and has increased
its production by at least
four percent in the last year,
according to the 2013 Global
Feed Tonnage Survey released
by Alltech. Alltech assessed the
compound feed production of
134 countries in December
2012, through informa-
tion obtained in partner-
ship with local feed associa-
tions and Alltechs sales team,
who visit more than 26,000
feed mills annually.
The 2013 publication of theannual year-end assessment by
Alltech is being released as an
industry outlook resource for
the new calendar year and will
hopefully allow governments,
non-governmental
organisations and the greater
public to appreciate the value
that the feed industry is
generating globally, said Aidan
Connolly, vice president of
Alltech and director of Alltechs
annual Global Feed Tonnage
Survey.
Among the 134 countries
assessed in Alltechs survey,
China was reaffirmed as the
chief producer of feed at 191
million tons and an estimated
10,000 feed mills. Consistent
with late 2011 assessments,
the United States and Brazil
followed with 179 million tons
produced by 5,251 feed mills
and 66 million tons produced
by 1,237 feed mills respectively.
Overall, a 26 mill ion ton
increase was observed in BRIC
countries (Brazil, Russia, India
and China) year to date.Asia continues to be the worlds
number one producing region
at 350 million tons and this is a
13 percent increase compared
to the figures 12 months ago.
Over 43 percent of the total
pig feed production comes from
this region and more than half
(56%) of the global aqua feed
is produced in Asia. However,
Africa exceeded Asia in percent
growth over 2011 results,
increasing its
tonnage nearly
15 pe rcen t
from 47 million
in 2011 to 54
million in 2012.
Globally, the
survey identified
26,240 feed mills,
with China serving
as home to 10,000
of them. Together with
the other Asian countries
this number reaches 12,149.
The Middle East was estimated
to have the largest feed mills,
with an average of more than
63,000 tons produced per millwhich is significantly higher
to the Asian figures of 28,818
tons. Sixty percent of feed
produced globally is pelleted,
with percentages particularly
high in Europe.
When analysed by species:
Poultry continues to dominate
with a 43 percent share of the
feed market at 411 million tons,
likely due to religious and taste
preferences as well as cost.
It grew by approximately 8
percent over 2011 estimates
globally which is lower than
the growth of over 13% inAsia .
Sixty percent of all poultry feed
tonnage is dedicated to broilers,
with the rest fed to egg layers,
turkeys, duck and other fowl.
The pig feed sector matched
poultrys 8 percent growth,
moving to 218 million tons
globally. Asias share is 94,5
million tons of it which is more
than 13 percent increase as of
last years figures. The ruminant feed market,
comprising dairy, beef and
small ruminants, grew more
than 13 percent between late
2011 and December 2012, and
now requires 254 million tons.
The annual growth in this area is
also more dynamic in the Asian
continent (15%; 94.1 million
tones).
Equine feed tonnage increased
almost 17 percent to 10.8
million tons.
Aquaculture is the fastest
growing species sector by
tonnage with growth greater
than 55 percent since 2011. Out
it this, Asia was responsible for
25.6million tones.
Pet food represents 20.5 million
tons, 40 percent of which is
produced in the United States,but Brazil continues to make
considerable advances in this
sector.
As we look to the demands of
the future, chiefly the feeding
of 9 billion people by 2050,
these survey results should
stir optimism and resolve
within our feed and food
industries, said Dr. Pearse
Lyons, president of Alltech.
Our global feed industry is
rising to the challenge, and
were seeing growth across
the board. Moreover, were
seeing it in some particularly
key areas BRIC, Africa and
aquaculture.
Global feed production has
traditionally been difficult
to quantify because many
countries lack a national feed
association. For this reason,
Alltech began in late 2011 to
leverage its global presence
to obtain a finer estimate of
the worlds feed tonnage. Theresults of the annual year-end
assessment are announced in
January as an industry outlook
resource for the new calendar
year.
Connolly presented the 2012
Alltech Global Feed Tonnage
Survey findings at a joint
meeting of the International
Feed Industry Federation
and the Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) in October
2012. The meeting identified the
need to collect more detailed
information, a request to which
Alltech responded, engendering
a deep appreciation for what
the feed industry is delivering
worldwide.
Alltech Feed Survey Findings:World Increases Production to 959 Million Tons
200 years - commercial grain mills have operated inCanada
1851 - Year that the grandfather of all Canadian millingwheat was introduced to the country
55 - Commercial wheat and oat mills in Canada
8 - of Canadas 13 provinces and territories have commercialscale wheat and oat mills operations
3.5 million tonnes - of wheat, oats and barley areground in Canadian mills each year
75% - is produced in western Canada
30 - countries import Canadian milled grain
1,400 - people work in milling production
20% - of Canadas grain mills are less than 15 years old$1.5 billion - is to be invested in Canadian grain millingfacilities
Source: Canadian Grain Millers Association
NUMBERCRUNCHINGCanada
News January - February 2013 NEWS
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Grain and feed processed within
hammer mills is common fuel for
dust explosions due to the nature
of its handling and storage. Any time that
feed such as grain, meals and flours is
handled or moved, the fine organic dusts
are at risk of burning and exploding.
Explosion causesA fire or explosion results from ignition
of combustible material (dust, gas or vapour)when mixed with oxygen in the air. When
this takes place inside a grain silo, process or
storage enclosure, the rapid rise in pressure
could cause a violent explosion in millisec-
onds, placing personnel and property at risk.
Just a few burning embers entering a
dust collector are enough to trigger a dust
explosion. Likewise, combustible material
conveyed into a storage silo could become
the nucleus of a fire. Sparks or smouldering
particles from hammer mill operations may
spread from the mill to other more vulner-
able equipment.
Most materials handling, processing and
storage equipment is not designed to resist
the pressure of an expanding flame ball
which proceeds below the speed of sound
in air known as a deflagration as com-
pared to a detonation, which exceeds the
speed of sound in air. Most grain dusts are
combustible and can cause an explosion, but
some types are much more dangerous than
others, especially dust associated with corn
or sugar.
The effects of accidental fires or explo-
sions can be devastating in terms of lives
lost, injuries, damage to property and the
environment, and to business continuity.
Serious secondary effectsGrain dust explosions can have a cascade
effect. Grain dust that has settled on floors
or walls can be thrown into the air by a dust
explosion, thus providing fuel for secondary
explosions. Often, these secondary explo-
sions cause more damage than the first. In
this way, a dust explosion can jump from
room to room or from silo to silo. This
is a common phenomenon in grain dust
explosions. For example, one of the most
dangerous areas for grain dust explosions is
in the bucket elevator or conveying system
linked to a silo. The grain is always in motion,
so dust is constantly generated.
Protection measuresAn explosion risk assessment will typi-
cally recommend that a series of protection
measures be implemented. These range
from investment in protection equipment
to improvements in housekeeping to elimi-
nate the build-up of deposits of combusti-
ble dust which may accumulate on beams
in the factory. These may be disturbed by
a primary explosion in the process equip-
ment and result in a more severe secondary
explosion.
Codes and standards are now very clear
in requiring isolation of vented equipment to
prevent secondary explosions, which typi-
cally have much greater potential for damage
and destruction.
Controlling the explosion riskswithin hammer mills
by Kevin Spiess, EMEA sales manager forexplosion protection, BS&B Safety Systems,
United Kingdom
SparkEx Spark Detection andExtinguishing system
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG10 | January - february 2013
FEATURE
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Bespoke systemsMy organisation, BS&B Safety Systems,
has launched a bespoke combustible dust
fire and explosion prevention system for
hammer mills based on established systems
developed for other
industries. The SparkEx
Spark Detection and
Extinguishing System
is designed to detect
hot particles, sparks and
glowing embers that
might become the igni-
tion source for a fire
or explosion if allowed
to travel on through
pneumatic ducting and
conveyors towards
other material handling
equipment.
By preventing sparks, embers and hot
particles from reaching dust rich down-
stream process equipment such as dust
collectors, bins and silos, both fire and explo-sion risks can be managed.
Using infrared detectors, the system
detects the radiated light emitted from
sparks, glowing embers and hot particles
travelling past the detection point and acti-
vates control circuits. The greatest sensitivity
occurs when these sensors are employed
in a dark area such as closed ductwork,
although optional daylight detectors are also
available for use on open conveyor belts and
for applications where light is likely to be
visible. Upon detection this system provides
several options to manage the ignition risk:
An electrical signal generated by
the sensor activates control circuits
typically used to operate an automatic
water-extinguishing curtain. Sparks
can be extinguished without stopping
production.
An automated shut down of the
process can prevent the feed of
combustible material.
Alarm and control systems can be
activated upon the detection of hot
particles for other control devices such
as diverter valves.
The system detectors and control unitare ATEX certified for use in a dusty work-
ing environment. This means there are no
expensive costs for additional wiring to run
from detectors to remote mounted control
units and plant personnel have direct access
to the status of the equipment. In the event
of an alarm condition, the operator can see
immediately which process is at risk. A web
based monitoring system, which allows plant
managers to receive system alarms and faults
to their smart phones, as well as monitor-
ing the systems live on the internet, is also
available.
In addition to this preventative sys-
tem, systems for protection are avai lable ,
should an explosion occur. A chemical
isolation system isolates an explosion and
prevents it from affecting interconnected
processes. If unprotected, the ductwork
and piping, as well as all the connected
vessels and equipment are at risk. This
system is used in combination with explo-
sion protection equipment on each vessel,
bin, or dust collector and could include
chemical suppression, explosion venting or
indoor venting.
Regulations, codes and standardsBecause of potential health problems,
laws exist to ensure employers in the EU
protect their workers from being harmed
by dangerous substances in the work-
place. In the UK, under the Dangerous
Substances and Explosive Atmospheres
Regulations 2002 (DSEAR), all work-
places where substances that could
give rise to fire
or explosion
are handled or
stored must be
ful ly assessed
and protected.
Employers
must carry out
risk assessments,
and take steps
to ensure they
prevent or
adequately con-
trol exposure.
It is important
to include in
the assessment
foreseeable inci-
dents and main-tenance work
and plan for
measures to be
taken in these
circumstances.
ATEX is the
name com-
monly given to
Directive 94/9/
EC which pro-
vides the techni-
cal requirements
to be appl ied
and the relevant
conformity
assessment pro-
cedures before
placing equip-
ment and protective systems intended for
use in potentially explosive atmospheres on
the European market .
By investing in explosion protection,
organisations can safeguard themselves eco-
nomically, follow appropriate health and
safety standards and protect workers from
potential risks.
More InforMatIon:
BS&B Safety Systems
Tel: +44 161 955 4202
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.bsbipd.com
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG January - february 2013 | 11
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When food is manufactured, a
number of by-products are
created and a proportion of
the finished product cant be placed on
the market for consumption by humans.
This can be for a variety of reasons such
as packaging defects, or for technological
reasons such as the wrong size or weight
biscuits, over-baking, trial runs or over
ordering and out of date stock.
Many of these former foodstuffs, includ-
ing biscuits, bread, breakfast cereals, grain
products, crisps and confectionery can have
a very high nutritional value being a source
of high quality fats, sugar and carbohydrates.
After checking their safety and traceability
and therefore suitability, SugaRich converts
them into high quality ingredients for use inanimal feed, avoiding waste from food that is
not destined for human consumption.
After processing, the foods are blended
to the required feed formulation, then sieved
and ground to create a free flowing meal.
Finished feed is delivered direct to the com-
pounder, blender or farm.
With so many other issues to man-
age within busy food production sites or
supermarket chains, getting the surplus food
disposed of as waste may seem like the
simplest choice, even if this results in a cost
being levied to the business and the waste
potentially ending up in landfill. However, by
working in partnership with feed compound-
ers, blenders and farms, we provide food
businesses with an environmentally friendly
alternative.
According to a United Nations study,
Global Food Losses and Food Waste , a
third of the worlds food is wasted and we
all have a part to play in solving this problem.
Former foodstuffs should be regarded as a
resource, not a waste product.
Diversion of food waste from disposal is
becoming an increasing priority for the UK
government. Under current European Union
waste regulations, the waste hierarchy gives
the highest priority to waste prevention, fol-
lowed by re use through the development
of markets for valuable products, recycling
and recovery. Disposal of waste products
through landfill should be avoided wherever
possible.
Business and environmentalbenefits
This closed-loop recycling, by which the
waste from one product is used in the mak-
ing of another product, brings measurable
economic gains to businesses and long-term
benefits to the environment.
Food loss and waste are a major squan-dering of resources - water, land, energy and
labour - and contribute to greenhouse gas
emissions. Food sent to landfill biodegrades,
releasing methane into the atmosphere that
has damaging effects on the environment,
while incineration may cause harmful green-
house gas emissions.
The recovery of former foodstuffs and
by-products for use as animal feed is a sus-
tainable and economically beneficial solution
for all major food businesses, encouraging
zero waste to landfill, cost savings and even
revenue generation.
Preventing food waste makes good busi-
ness sense. Revenue is generated not just
by the money saved from sending waste to
landfill and the associated charges involved,
but from the waste itself. Using materials
more efficiently, and managing waste better
enables manufacturers to reduce costs, make
money and decrease the environmental
impact.
From our work with the largest European
food manufacturers, supermarkets and dis-
tributors, over 350,000 tonnes of surplus
food per annum has been diverted from
traditional waste disposal routes.
Many businesses are unaware of how
significantly waste impacts on their bottom
line. We replace the term waste with
resource, working with organisations to
help them ensure compliance in respect of
the waste hierarchy, encouraging them to
reduce, reuse and recycle. Organisations
need to think differently about waste to
move beyond waste reduction to actively
eliminating waste from the supply chain.
Legislative complianceAnything designated for feed use will
ultimately be re-entering the food chain, so
strict adherence to regulations are essential.
When former foodstuffs are used to pro-duce animal feed, certain legal obligations
are placed on the factory of production. By
law, the factory is deemed a Feed Business
Operator and has to be compliant under
the Feed Hygiene Regulations EU 183/2005,
which applies to all businesses that make, use
or market animal feed.
Feed businesses in this context include
manufacturers selling by-products of food
production into the feed chain, livestock
farmers and arable farms growing crops for
feed use. The regulation applies at all points
in the supply and use of feed, and requires
feed businesses to comply with standards in
respect of facilities, storage, personnel and
record-keeping.
Hygiene standards are very important
in the disposal of the surplus foodstuffs.
Recycling surplus factory foodinto quality animal feeds
by Paul Featherstone,group director, SugaRich,United Kingdom
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG12 | January - february 2013
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Products no longer intended for human
consumption, which may be destined for
farm animal feeding, must be kept separate
during transport, storage and dispatch to and
from a supermarket returns depot or food
manufacturing plant.
Our services are fully accredited to the
Feed Materials Assurance Scheme (FEMAS)
standard ensuring that all feeds are fully
traceable from source to supply giving both
quality controlled service and products. The
scheme is based on Hazard Analysis Critical
Control Point (HACCP) principles, an inter-
nationally recognised system of hazard analy-
sis. Over recent years HACCP has become a
central requirement of food and feed safety
legislation.
The logistics from foodproduction to the feed industry
Each food production site has differ-
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG January - february 2013 | 13
Are you social?Keep up to date with us in-between issues by
following us on any of our social platforms
Take a look at our newly re-vamped Facebook page,
that now covers updates from GFMT as well as all of
the very best of The Global Millers news
http://www.facebook.com/GrainFeedMillingTechnology
See our previous editions online for free
ww.gfmt.co.uk/archive.ph
suscri tin magazine forthe globalflour&feed millingindustries- firstpublished in 1891
In thisissue:
NIRinpractice
Riceandcontract
terms
NewweighingsoftwareforUKco-operative
y-Jun 2012
LC-MS/MS:TheNewReference
Method forMycotoxinAnalysis
Fast, reliableand flexible:theworld of modern bulkweighing
Mould controlin grain and feed preservation
F T12.03.indd 1 22/06/2012 08:48
Asubscription magazine forthe globalflour&feed millingindustries - firstpublished in 1891
In thisissue:
Improvingsupply fromfarmto fork
VictamAsiaProductShowcase
Globalgrain &feedmarkets
M ar ch - Ap ri l 2 01 2
Assessingcereal qualityparameters
ControllingInsectswith heat
Grindingby aprovenconceptmakesyourchoicesimple
F T12.02.indd 1 17/04/2012 13:05
Asubscription magazine forthe globalflour&feed millingindustries - firstpublished in 1891
In thisissue:
Increasingstoragecapacity
Digitalmicrowave
moisturemeasurement
Global grain &feed markets
January-February 2012
Bulkstorage&handling
PreservativesPreservativesarea recurringtopic in public discussions
EfficiencyEnergy savingin flourmilling
F T12.01.indd 1 02/02/2012 10:12
Asubscription magazine forthe globalflour&feed millingindustries - firstpublished in 1891
In thisissue:
Mycotoxinsan overview
Databaseforanimal dietformulation
techniques:Aglancetolastdecade
Food safetyin thegrainmillingindustry
Recentadvancesin
rapid graintesting
November -December 2011
AfricanadvancesAnimalfeedmillingisoneof themostbuoyantactivitiesintheagrirelatedfield
Optical sorting Opticalsortinghascomeof
ageandshouldbeconsideredasaseriousoption forinclusioninanymodernwheatcleaningplant
Getin lineProcessanalysissolutionsopennewopportunitiesforimprovedprofitandquality
F T11.06.indd 1 30/11/2011 17:28
Asubscription magazine forthe globalflour&feed millingindustries- firstpublishe in
In thi
S a m lp re p r i nof fe n
f or a r a na l i
1 5- Y r C el e r i n :
Fortifyin ithf o li c ci r n t2 2 ,0 i r th
defect nnully
G lo lMar :W he t u l y grow n r
ascorn cr shrin
October 2011
ProducingFlakedreakfastCereals
DirectCold Plasma:Theinnovativeanswertoodourcontrolinthefood andfeedindustry
MillingTechnologyRedefined
FT11.05.indd 1 05/10/2011 09:49
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ent challenges. Our expert team audit the
whole location and production processes to
identify the areas where there are issues to
be addressed and highlight possible hidden
revenue sources. Tailor-made surplus food
handling installations are designed and built
to suit each individual food factory site, with
on-going maintenance, reporting and review.Critical control points for food safety are
implemented through our HACCP systems
which prevent the mixture of any non-
food waste and ensure feed materials are
free from any chemical or microbiological
impurities.
Where inedible products or products
prohibited from inclusion in feed (such as
meat or fish) are stored or handled on the
same site as surplus foods intended for
feed use, there must be physical separation
between these products and the feed prod-
ucts. This will ideally be full physical segrega-
tion of buildings and equipment. Detailed
records of disposal of non-feed products
must be maintained.
To make the process of segregating the
waste as straightforward as possible, the
total waste management side of our busi-
ness, SugaRecycle, can help with the stream-
ing and managing of all waste products from
plastics and oils through to card, packaging,
metal and more.
Sealed containers with surplus food are
collected and returned using specialist vehi-
cles. All containers are clearly marked toavoid any chance of confusion between
surplus food materials and waste.
The surplus food is then transported
to our purpose built reprocessing centres
where computer generated formulations
manufacture a feed material to exact cus-
tomer specifications. SugaRich produce a
range of bakery, biscuit and confectionery
meals to suit feed compounders, blenders
and home mixers. This includes SugaRich
Premier Biscuit, a high oil biscuit meal suit-
able for inclusion in both broiler and high
intensity pig feeds.
Quality feed within the foodchain
Remember to take the advice of a
nutritionist on feed mixtures and ensure
they are used as part of a balanced diet
paying particular attention to an adequate
supply of long fibre. Animal feed plays
an important part in the food chain and
has implications for the composition and
quality of the livestock products (milk,
meat and eggs) that people consume. Our
high-quality feed is delivered direct to thecompounder, blender or farm. This high-
energy livestock feed helps to improve
livestock productivity.
The Food Standards Agency is responsible
for drawing up the rules on the composition
and marketing of animal feed. The Agency's
main aims in this area are to help protect
consumer and animal health. Another aim
is to ensure that those buying the feed are
provided with sufficient information to allow
them to make informed choices.
In summary, by recognising that former
foodstuff is a resource and not a waste prod-
uct, the feed industry and food businesses
can work together to reduce the amount of
waste sent to landfill every year, save costs,
turn waste into revenue and lessen environ-
mental damage.
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG14 | January - february 2013
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Transporting grain by barge is an
ecological and cost-efficient alterna-
tive to railway and truck haulage.
Bhlers low-maintenance Bargolink
unloading system makes this mode of
transport even more competitive.
Since time immemorial, ships have been
used to deliver bulk goods over long distanc-
es, using the river current as a natural force
to carry them downstream or yoking draft
animals for upstream transport. Although
trucks and trains have taken up a large part
of this task in the modern age, barges are still
a viable alternative for many goods. A barge
carrying one ton of cargo can travel five
times as far on five liters of diesel as a truck
with the same freight 500 km compared to
the trucks 100 km of range overland. A ship
carrying 3,000 tons of goods is equivalent to
50 railway cars or 100 trucks.
Another plus is the ability to use an
existing network of rivers, canals, and locks,
which decongests the overland highway
system. Continental Europe is crisscrossed
by waterways. From the gateway ports on
the English Channel and along the northern
Mediterranean, grain is distributed to the
inland markets of Western and Central
Europe by barges. The Bargolink serves theneeds of customers all along this system
of waterways mainly grain handlers and
processors whose business model depends
on short berthing times and reliable high-
volume unloading capacities.
Straddling dry land and waterBhler has developed its Bargolink to
unload barges of up to 5,000 DWT at
capacities of 150 to 300 tons per hour.
Here is how it works: a marine leg is
positioned amidships in the material to be
unloaded, where the marine leg moves
through the product. To improve the feeding
of the unloader, the marine leg is equipped
with a fixed mounted feeding screw (hinged
in order to equalise the inclination of the
vessel) which digs into the grain in the ships
hold and lifts it up onto a horizontal chain
conveyor that carries the cargo to the ports
storage units.
These state-of-the-art ship unloaders are
available as mobile or stationary versions.
The stationary unit is fixed on the pier andthe barge is automatically towed by winches,
taking the role of moving the barge for
continuous unloading. The mobile version on
rails is equipped with a travelling gear, so the
barge can stay fixed at the pier. As a result,
the Bargolink enables customised terminal
plants according to specific requirements,
taking into account the available space for
unloader and barge.
The mechanical process is not only
easier on the wheat, causing less wast-
age and defects and keeping the grain in
a higher grading; it is also more cost- and
energy-efficient than pneumatic unloading.
Furthermore, the Bargolink is less susceptible
to breakdowns. A pneumatic systems fan
is easily degraded by the fine particles it
conveys; the Bargolinks mechanical process
Efficient barge
unloadingtechnology forgrain handlingon inland
waterwaysby Sandro Suppa, sales
manager, terminalsand Vincent van derWijk, product manager
Bargolink, Bhler,Switzerland
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG16 | January - february 2013
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means longer uptime, lower operating costs,
less expenses on maintenance and spares,
and half the energy usage. This makes the
whole unloading process more economical
and environmentally sustainable, especially
considering the added demurrage costs to
vessels if a pneumatic system breaks down.
Lastly, the Bargolink operates at lower noise
levels and does not generate lower frequen-
cies than pneumatic systems whose loud
droning and changing volumes may consti-
tute a health hazard.
Already three customers in China,
Croatia and France have been convinced
that they can benefit from Bhlers Bargolink.
Altogether, Bhlers Bargolink offers an
investment-friendly, highly flexible and effi-
cient solution for unloading systems used for
inland water transportation in the genuine
Buhler manufacturing quality combined with
best in class components.
More InforMatIon:
Bhler GmbH
Grain Logistics, CH-9240, Uzwil, SwitzerlandTel: +41 719 551111
Fax: +41 719 553949
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.buhlergroup.com
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG January - february 2013 | 17
VIGAN Engineerings.a. Rue de lIndustrie, 16 B-1400 Nivelles (Belgium)Phone : +32 67 89 50 41 Fax : +32 67 89 50 60 Web : www.vigan.com E-mail : [email protected]
VIGAN manufactures dry agribulk materials handling systems:
Portable pneumatic conveyors or grain pumps (100 - 250 tph);
Pneumatic Continuous barge & Ship Unloaders (160 - 800 tph);
Mechanical Continuous Ship Unloaders (up to 1,500 tph); Mechanical loaders (up to 1,200 tph).
as well as complete storage systems in ports and the agricultural industries.
From project design to complete turnkey bulk handling solutionsand port terminals with mechanical and/or pneumatic
reliable and cost effective equipment.
PYEONGTAEK PORTSouth Korea1 NIV 400 tph
On rails with cable reels
LATTAKIA PORTSyria2 Mobile T200
2 x 250 tph
SWINOUJSCIEPoland (BUNGE GROUP)1 Loader 600 tph
An afliate company of VAN DE WIELE group.
Latest references
Visitour
website
www.viga
n.com
i i
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Enzyme technology is an integral
tool for the brewing, baking and
textile industries. In agriculture
there is great potential for enzymes
too but this is yet to be fully exploited.
However, animal nutrition is one area
in which the use of feed enzymes is
becoming increasingly important.
There are three driving factors in animal
production that are leading to the develop-
ment and adoption of feed enzyme technol-
ogy. First, the worlds growing population
has meant global demand for food and in
particular meat and meat products have
increased substantially. In addition, produc-
ers are also continually looking for novel
methods of increasing their efficiency and
productivity and the cost and availability of
raw materials for animal feed is the second
factor continuing price rises are a major con-
straint to meeting demand. The third factor
is concern over the environmental fragility of
the planet and the pressure on agricultural
industries to reduce their reliance on vitalresources.
Major ingredients in monogastricfeeds
The major ingredients used in most
monogastric feeds are of vegetable origin
including ground cereals such as maize,
wheat and barley or vegetable by-products
such as wheat middlings and rice bran. It
also includes processed protein ingredients
such as soybean, or rapeseed extractions
and unprocessed materials such as peas or
beans. All these materials have a complex
structure of carbohydrates, protein and oil
and the carbohydrates are further described
as sugars, starch and non-starch polysac-
charides (NSP).
Digging deeper, the NSP components
can be further divided into beta-glucans,
celluloses and pentosans. Indeed, many dif-
ferent types of enzymes are secreted within
the digestive tract but there are cases where
the enzymes that are necessary for complete
digestion are not produced by the animal
or are only present at very low levels. In
monogastric animals it is the enzymes that
are required to breakdown the NSP fraction
of the diet that are missing.
Increasing feed value throughenzymes
The NSP fraction of barley and oats con-
tains beta-glucans which can hold significant
amounts of water causing high gut viscosity.
Young pigs and poultry lack the required
beta-glucanase enzyme to break the link-
ages of the molecule and this is a problem
because it has an anti-nutritional
effect by blocking the absorption
of nutrients. Increased viscosity also
reduces the rate of passage thus
lowering feed intake with the end
result being reduced growth rates,feed conversion and the appar-
ent metabolisable energy of the
diet. Increased viscosity additionally
results in wet litter which in poultry
leads to conditions such as necrotic
enteritis, hock burns and breast
blisters.
Similarly in wheat, a common
cereal choice in temperate climates,
the NSP fraction contains a high
level of arabinoxylans. Xylanase is
the enzyme that pigs and poultry
require in order to break these
compounds down but they are
also deficient in them and, it was
not until the development of beta-
glucanase and xylanase enzymes for
animal feed in the 1980s, that this
issue was addressed. Now these enzymes
are commonplace, certainly in Europe,
where poultry diets are principally com-
posed of wheat and barley.
Recent enzyme developmentsMore recently, positive effects in animal
performance have also been noted with
non-viscous cereals such as maize and sor-
ghum (Choct, 2006). The digestive system
in pigs differs slightly from poultry and the
issue of increased viscosity from wheat and
barley is not a problem in these species. The
addition of feed enzymes in pig diets has
also demonstrated positive effects (Dierick
and Decuypere, 1994) and it is recognised
that beta-glucanases and xylanases are able
to degrade plant cell wall which leads to a
release of nutrients from grain endosperm
Table 1: Optimal temperature and pH properties
from some fungal endoxylanases (adapted from
Corral and Villanseor-Ortega, 2006)
SOURCE OptimumTemperature(Oc)
OptimumPh
Apergillus kawachii
A
B
C
60
55
50
5.5
4.5
2.0
Aspergillus niger
XynA I
XyanA II
50
45-50
5.0
4.5
Penicillium Capsulatum
XynA
XynB
48
48
4.0
4.0
Talaromyces emersoniiXyn I
Xyn II
XynIII
Xyn IV
Xyn V
75
77
73
77
80
4.7
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.2
by Elizabeth Norton, nutritionist, Anpario plc, United Kingdom
Gi&fd milliG tcholoG18 | January - february 2013
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FEATURE
and the aleurone layer cells and therefore
improves the energy value of the feed.
Reducing pathogenic bacteria inthe colon
A third possible mechanism by which the
nutritive value of feed is increased by feed
enzymes is through the release of oligosac-
charides (Choct and Cadogan, 2001). These
can be formed during the degradation of
storage and cell wall carbohydrates by sup-
plemental enzymes and are able to resist
further degradation by digestive enzymes
and so able to reach the colon. Once in
the colon these oligosaccharides are a nutri-
ent source for beneficial bacteria such as
Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp which
suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria
such as Salmonella, Clostridium, Campylobacter
and Escherichia coli. It is well established that
reducing pathogenic bacteria in the colon
improves weight gain and the feed conver-
sion ratio in pigs and poultry.
Cost saving feed formulationRegardless of the mechanism by which
the energy value of feed is increased, the
fact that it occurs is of significant importance
for producers and nutritionists. This allows
for greater flexibility when formulating diets
meaning that alternative feed ingredients,
which are traditionally of lower nutritive
value, can be utilised in the formulation. This
can result in significant savings in feed costs
for producers where, for example, some of
the wheat-based portion of the diet can be
replaced with cheaper barley, providing a
suitable blend beta-glucanase and xylanase
enzymes are incorporated into the diet.
Phytase developmentThe 1990s saw the development of the
next enzyme of significant importance in ani-
mal nutrition, phytase. Phosphorous is a very
important and valuable mineral element in all
species as it is crucial for bone development
and metabolic processes.
In plants, the majority of phosphorous is
stored in the form of phytate. Monogastrics
are unable to utilise the phosphorous in
phytate so it is a major source of animportant nutrient that is norm