Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa and Upaniṣad Brāhmaṇa

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Extracts from the Jiminya-Brhmaa and Upanishad-Brhmaa, Parallel to Passages of theatapatha-Brhmaa and Chndogya-Upanishad Author(s): Hanns Oertel Source: Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 15 (1893), pp. 233-251Published by: American Oriental SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/592357Accessed: 12-02-2015 14:07 UTC

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EXTRACTS FROM THE

JAIMIN1YA-BRAHMANA AND UPANISHAD- BRAI IMANA,

PARALLEL TO PASSAGES OF THE SATAPATHA-BRAHMANA AND CHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD.

BY DR. HANNS OERTEL, INSTRUCTOR IN YALE IJNIVE R8IT1'.

Presented to the Society April 23d, 1892.

THE manuscripts from which the transliterated copy was made on which the text of the following extracts is based have been briefly desclibed by Professol Whitney in the Prooeedings for May, 1883 (Journal, rol. xi., p. exliv ff.). The first two ex traets are found in tlle Brahmana proper, while tlle rest belongs to tlle Upanishad-BrahmalSa, of whieh ollly the Kena-Upanishad (= iv. 10.1-4) llas thus far been published. Tlle text and a translation of the first pieee were privately printed by Burnell in 1878.* As Burnell at that time was ullable to make use of tlle readings of the complete MS. A (see his note, t. G., P. 6), and as his translation was in many points unsllceessful, it is thought not superfluous to print here an emended text and translation of tllis interesting version of the Bhrgu-legend, together with the var. leet., whieh luay, at the salne time, give an idea of tlle aondition of the text the 3fSS. offer.

The remaining extraets furnish valuable parallels to passages of the gatapatha-Brahmana and C?handogya-lTpanishad: V1Z.-

* A Leyend from the Talavakdra or Jatmtnzya Brdhmana of the Sd- maveda, by A. C. Burnell. Mangalore. Printed at the Basel Mission Press. 1878. pp. 40, 24mo. (Of this only 50 copies were struck off.) Reprinted in Attz del C!ongresso Internazionale deyli Orientalisti. Fi- renze. 1881. Vol. ii. pp. 97-111.

ARTICLE VIII.


234 EL. Oertel,

II. is closely similar to (pB. xi. 6. 3 (cf. also xiv. 6. 1, 9; B.rh. Ar. Up. iii. 9);

ITI. 1-3 are different versions_of the same legend: cf. Chand. Up. i. 2 and (:B. xiv. 4. 1 (Brh. Ar. Up. i. 3);

IV. corresponds to Chand. tTp. iii. 16; V. is parallel to Chand. Up. iv. 16; VI. gives the same story as (:hand. Up. iv. 3. Finally, I wish to express my thanks to Professor Whitnev

for his kind assistance throughout this work.

1. TE]E STORY OF BHRGU (JB. i. 42-44). Bhrgur ha vareknttl anqbcG6na asa.2 sa ha 't?y eva pttaram

mene 'ti devan aty anyan3 brahnxanan anucanan.4 sa ha varnna zksar^ cakre5 nas vas me p?trah ktmcana prajanati. hantas 'nanz prajnaupaya,nzs 'tt. tasya ha prana,n abhtjagnraha. sa ha tatama.7 sa ha tantah jparam lokam jagama. sa ha, 'xnusmtn loka ajayci,ma. purusa eva purnsam8 samerncyaW9 'thai 'nam jaghasa.'@ sa ho 'vaca, 'bh?id batell 'dam ksm, svid idarn sti. tam ho "cuh pitaram varanans prechctsi. 12 sa'3 ta idam pravakte 'ti. dvite,yam, ha ' jagGima. jpurmbsa ercz p7erusam cbkrandayantam jcbgAcbsa.'4 sa ho vacl6 bh?id bate 'dam ktm svid idam tti. tam ho "cuh pitaram varunam prechas. sa ta tdarn pravakte 't. trtbyam ha, ' Jaga,ma. purusa eva purusam'8 tusn?,les avyctharantaml7

TRANSLATION. Bhrgu, Varuna's son, was a student. He thought himself

above his father, above the gods, above the other Brahman- students. Varuna considered: c; Not indeed doth my son under- stand anything whatever. Come now, I will make him under- stand." He seized on his breaths. He (B.) fainted. Having fainted, he went to the other world He arrived in yonder world. A man, having cut a man into pieces, then devoured him. He said: "Ah ! hath this been! What is this?" They said to him: " Ask thy father Varuna, he will explain this to thee."

He came to a second. A man devoured a man [tho was] crying out. He said: "Ah ! hath this been? What is this?" They said to him: "Ask thy father Varurla, he will explain this to thee."

H:e came to a third. A man devoured a man who in silence did not speak. He said: "Ah ! haththisbeen? Whatis this ?" They said to him: " Ask thy father Varuna, he will explain this to thee."

1 A. v& vdrqmtr. 2 SO B.; A. anuedna dhasa; C. azuednasi. 8 A. anyat. 4 B.C. ananu-. 5 B. cake. 6 So all MSS. 6 A. prajnap-. a C. tatath. 8 . Jpurusa. 9 B.(z. samvrMca. 1O a. javgasa. 11 C. bane. 12 A. Jprcha. t3 C. 0m. J4 C. javasa. '5 A. om. 'bhud .... pravakte 'ti. lff A. om. 17 B. tu.sntm vyah-.


Jatqfntrzzya-BqPahmyana and Upan?whad-BqeGshrnana. 235 jagAc4sa.l8 sa ho 'vc4ec4 'bh?zd bate 'dam kim svtd idam tti. tam ho "euh pstara7iz vartbnam preehc4si. sa ta idam pravakte 'ti. eceturtham ha '?jagama,. dve striyc4u mahadt vittam jugupat?sh. sa ho 'vc4ec4 'bAudt bctte 'dam kim svid zdam sti. tarn ho ,'eih pitaram'9 varunam preeha,si. sa ta sdam pravakte 'ts. panea- mam20 ha ')agasma. Iohitakul3zam2l ea ghrtakqxlyc4xn2' ea praba- huk22 syandamane. sc423,?/a lohstakulya24 sa tarn krsno nagnah

puruso25 nxusalb jqbyopc4 'tha yc4 ghrtakulyeb28 tasyai htranmayah purnsa27 hiranmayaz

236 ZY. Oertel,

toke 'gnihotram ajuAvato nai 'vamvido ranaspattn samerScya49 'bAyadadhati60 tantl va am?bsmin loke vanaspatayah pvrtbsarqzpa7iz krtva pratyadanti. tasya ka nis.krtir62 iti. .yadait3 'vai64 'tat samidha,m abAyadadhati sat6 tasya niskrtis66 taya tad atimu- cyata67 itz. kim dvittya!m tti. pxerusa eva prtesam akrandayan- tam aghad68 ity orn, iti ho 'vaca. ye69 va 6asmin toke agnihotram ajuAvato nai 'vamvidahel pagun akrandayatah62 pacante69 tan va,64 amusminet loke papavah p?brusarupam k?tecz pratyGGdanti. tasya ka niskrtir66 iti. yadai67 'vc4i 'tad vaca purvexm68 ahqxtim juhoti sa tasya niskrtis taya69 tad atimucyata iti. kim trtz,?yaen iti. purusa eva purmsam70 tusntm avyaharantam7' aghad72 ity ons iti ho 'vaca. ye7S va 74asmin toke agnihotrs6m ajuAvato nc4i 'vamvido vrshiyavans7t tusntn276 avybxharatah77 pacante tan va78 amusmin79 toke vrthayavah76 ptcrgsarupam krtvcc prat,?yadanti. tasya kss niskrtir iti. yada,i80 'vai 'tan ynanaso 'ttaram8' aht4tiqn j?b^Oti sa tasya nis,krtis82 taya tad atirnucyata iti. kim caturtham iti. dve stri,?au mahad83 vittarn a.juguXvatam84 ity om its ho 'vaca. praddha ca ti(tt85 te agraddh86 ca 'bAautam.87 ye va asmin88 loke ',qnihotrcbm cpgAvato qzai 'vam?ido 'fraddadhana89 yajante90 "Hast thou seen, my son ?" "I have seen, father." " What, my son?" "A man, having cut a man into piees, then devoured him." " Yes," he (V.) said; " those who in this world, not offerilog the agnihotra, not knowing thus, put forest-trees into the sacrificial fire, having cut them down, those the trees, having taken human form, eat in their turn in yonder world." " What expiation is there of this ?" " When one thus puts fuel into the sacrificial fire, that is its expiation; thereby that ls avoided."

" What second ?" " A man devouled a man [who was] crying out." " Yes," he (V.) said; " those who in this world, not offer- ing the agnihotra, not knowing thus, cook for themselves animals which cry out, those the animals, having taken human form, eat in their turn in yonder world." " What expiation is there of this ?" " When one ofEers the first oblation with the voice, that is its expiation; thereby it is avoided."

" What third ?" " A man devoured a man who in silence did not speak." " Yes," he (V.) said; " those who in this world, not ofering the agnihotra, not knowing thus, cook for thernselves

49 B* a. samer,cca. 50 A. 'bhyandadhati * B. a. -dhati. 61 A. tan. 52 A. nikrtir. 63 B.a. yade. aq A. va. 55 _t. om. b6 B.0. nikrtts. 57 A. avi- mu-. 58 A. avad; B. aghad; aghclsad sec. man.; a. agha ty. 59 . e. 60 A. oS. asmin ........... 'vamvi. 61 A. -da. 62 B.a. akrnda-. 63 B. pavate; C.pibante. 64 A. vo. 6j B.a. musmin. 66 A. nikRtir. 65 B.C. yade. 68 A. purvam. 69 A. tada. 70A.B. purusa. 71 B.a. vyahar-. 72 A. agham; B. aghasam, aghasad sec. man.; a. ajaghadad. 73 B.a e. 54 . om. asmin .. 'vamvi. 5 Bea vrhiy-. 76 B.a. kusntm. 77 Beae vyah-. 78 B.a. ca. 79 B.a. musmin. 80 B.a. yade. 81 B,C, manaso ar&m. 82 A. niskrtin. 83 A. maha 84 A. jugupatam; B.a. jugupetam or jugupto. 85 B. tai va; a. vai va. 86 A. a,crav. 87 A. 'bhutay. 88 ,&. 'smin. 89 A. ',cradadadh-. 90 So A.B.; c. yajate.


Jatmtnty a -Brah m wanvt c6nd TJpc6ntshad-B ra hrnc6nc6. 23 7

tad agraddhaml gacchati yac92 chraddadActnas89 tae93 chraddham. tasya kct niskttir iti. yadai80 'vc4i Xtad94 dvir angulyct praSnati sa tasya niskrtis taya tad atirnucyata, zz. 11 43 11

kint pancamam iti. tohitakthlyam95 ca ghrtakul,yatiz ca96 pra- bahuk9' syancZanane. sa yct lohitakulya98 'bAut99 tam krsn,o. nagnclth puruso musalb jugopa' 'tha yct ghrtakulyal' tasyai hiran?R>a,

IE. Oertet, 238

ndama,nas tasu nrttagttam v?,naghoso 'psarasa,m gaozas sura- bAirl '8 gandho rrzaAcl) ghoso 'bAudl '9 ity om iti ho 'vaca. mamal20 vai te 7>oka abAuvann tti. te kena 'bAijayya'2l ity'22 etenai 'va pancagrhstena panconnttene 'ti. sa ho 'vaca na vai ki7>a 'nyatra 'gnihotrat'23 7>okafitya avakapo {8tyl24 adyai 'va me 'ynyadheya- syo'28 'pavasatha iti. tasya ha'26 tatha, cakruh.'27 ss6 ya evam vidvan agnihotramz juhotil28 nai 'nam amyusnzin 7>oke vanaspatayah- purusarupam krtva jpratyadanti na papavo na vr?,hiyava75 na 'sye 'stapurte p addRham ca 'praddhae-nl29 ca'30 gacchuto 'pahate 7>ohitakutyam98 avar?4ndhe ghrtak2zZyaqn.98 11 44 11

" What sixth ?" " Five rivers with blue lotus and white lotus, having honey as water, [were] flowing; in them there was dancing and singing, sound of lutes, crowds of Apsarases, fra- grance, a great noise." "Yes," he (V.) said; "these were just my worlds." "Bywhat aretheyto be won?" "Bythis same that is five times dipped out, five times drawn up." He said: " Not indeed is there an opportunity for the conquest of worids otherwise than by the aMnihotra. To-day is my fast-day pre- ceding the building of tie sacrificial fire." Thus they did for him. He who knowing thus of3Sers the agnihotra, neither do the trees in yonder world, having taken human form, eat him in their turn, nor the animals, nor rice and barley; nor do his sacrifices and good works go to Faith and Non-Faith. He smites away the river of blood; he obtains the river of ghee.

Il. YAJNAVALEYA AND THE B RAHMANS OF THE KURUPANCA- LAS (JB. ii. 76-77).

Janako ha vatdeho bah?4daksinena yajnene "je. tam tad N ha krupanca7>anam brahmana abAisamajaymeh. sa ha sahasram gavanz avarundRhann' uvaca brahnzanG6 eta vo .qyo brahmisthas 5(X uda,jatamS iti. sa ho 'vaca vajasaneyo9 'r^dc?,r etas somye4 'ti. tamb ho "cus tvfi6mt n?l, no brahm?>stho 'S?, t?>. sa ho 'vaca namo vo brahmisthayad 'stu. gokama eva vayawn sma i/?>. te ho "cuh ko na

TRA NSLATION. Janaka the Videhan ofEered a sacrifice provided with many

sacrificial gifts. To him then the Brahmans of the Kurupanca- las came together. He, setting apart a thousand cows, said: " Ye Brahmans ! Who of you is the greatest Brahman, let him drive these out." He, Vajasaneya, said: "[Drive] them hither-

118 A. sunabhtr. "9 B.C. 'bhrd. 120 B.C. mamaz. 121 C. abhtjiryyd. 122 At jety. 123 A. aynthotra. 124 A syaddz; B. saty adyaz; C. syadydz. 125 C Sneddh- 126 C. om. 127 A. ca. 1Y8 B. juhoty anendz. 129 A. traddh-. 130 0. C4o

1 A. -rundhamna * B.C. -ruM^dhana. 2 A.C. udavatdm B. udacatam. 3 MSS. vajaseneyo-. 4 So also Ch. Up. iv. 4. 4 al. Whitney, AJPh. s:i. 412; B.C. sdemye. 6 B.C. tan. 6 MSS. -thdya 'stu.


Jazzmtnzya-^Brahrnana and UpamiJshad-Brahmana. 239

imam praksyatU 'ts. sa ho 'vaca vidaydhap8 peckalyo 'ham its. tam ha puraskrtye9 "yus. ta?is ha pratikAyayal "yantam uvaca tvam svicll chakalya brahrnana ulmakavaksayanamls akratad'9 tti.14 sa ho 'eaca yadz teno 'Imukavaksayananal5 smah Srak- syamol6 nvas tvaml7 iti. tam ha papracha kats deua yaprwaralkye 'ti. sa ho 'vaca trayap ca trinpac ca trayap ca trzl8 ca pata trayap ca trtl9 ca sahasra yavanto nsvzda 'bAyahuta20 iti. om iti ho 'vaca. [katy eva deva sts. trayas trsnpad sts. om sts ho vaca.]3l

77. katy eva deva its. traya its. om its ho 'vaca. katy eva deva sti. dvav sts. om its ho 'vaca. katy eva deva Xt.22 eka its. Om itz ho 'vaca.

2SDatame trayap ca trsnpac ca, trayap ca trs ca pata trayap CCb trb ca sahasre ti2S mahzqnana evas 'sam ta its ho 'vaca. trayas trinpad vave 'ts. katame trayas trsnSc6d its. asta?s vfirsava ekc6* dapa r?hdra dectdapa "ditya indratp cai 'va prajapatsp CGt trayas- trsnpszv tti. katame vasava24 sti. agnip ca prthivt ca vayup CGb 'ntarsksam cc6 "dztyap ca dyavp ca candrarnap ca naksatrans cds

ward, mtr dear t" They said to him: " Art thou now the greatest Brahman of us ?" He said: " Obeisance to the greatest Brahman of you; we simply have a desire for the cows." They said: " Who of us shall question him ?" H:e, Vidagdha gakalyaf said: "I." Placing him at the head, they went. Having no- ticed him as he came, he (Y.) said: " Have the Brahmans made thee an extinguisher of the torch ?"* He said: " If we therefore are an extinguisher of the torch, we will ask thee." He asked him: ;'How Tnany gods are there, O Yajnavalkya?" He said: " Thirty-three and three hundred and three and three thousand and three; as manv as are called unto by the n?>vid." "Yes" he said; " how' many gqds ?" " Thirty-three." " Yes," he said; "how many gods?" "Three." "Yes," he said; "how many gods ?" " Two." " Yes," he said; sc how many gods ?" " One." *' Yes," he said.

" Who are the thirty-three and three hundred and three and three thousand and three?" "These are just their majesties," he said; "there are just thirty-three." "Who are the thirty- three ?" " Eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve Adityas, and Indra and Prajapati as thirty-second and thirty-third." " Who are the Vasus ?" "' Fire and earth and wind and atmosphere and slln and sky and mooIl and the constellations; these are the Vasus,

7 }S. a. pravaks-. 8 A. vidaydha. 9 . purastutge. 10 MSS. prativgaya yant-. 11 A. sgach; B.a. syxc. 12 MSS. unmuk-; A. -vaksanam. 13 DllSS. Om. the 3. 14 1"SS. repeat after iti: tam ha puraskrtaie ';yus. tam ha

..... .. qxvacoe. 15 MSS. 'nmuk- * B.a. -yanah. 16 A. JpraAcsame * B.a. -mo.

tF MSS. tva ma iti. 18 A. tri. 19 A. tra. 20 MSS. nu vido bhyahuta. 21 haty eva ... ho 'vaca om. MSS. 22 A. om. iti. 23 katame .... sa- hebsre 'ti om. MSS. 24 M SS. vasa.

* ulmakav- here and gB. xi. 6. 3. 3 = anyaravakayanam (:B. xiv. 6. 9. 19 (Brh. Ar. iii. 9.18).

VOL. 2[V. 31


240 Z. Oertel,

'te vasavah. etesu hs 'darn sarvarn vasu25 hitam26 iti.27 tasmad vasava28 iti.

katame rudra sti. dapa pur?se prana iti ho V(-CCC-b29 tSc6i 'kct- dapah. te yado 'tkramanto yanty atha rodayanti. tasmad rudrsb iti.

katama aditya iti. dvadaga mc4surs sameatsarasye30 'ti ho 'va- cai 'ta adityah. ete hb 'darn3' sarvam c4dadc4nc4 yantz.32 tasmc4d aditya sti.

kataqne traya itz 'ma eva33 tOkfb iti. katamctv dectv iti. ahora- trav iti. katama indrah katamah prajapatir iti. va, eve 'ndro nzanah prnsfapatir iti. katamai 'ka devate 'ti. prana34 iti. sa ho 'vaca 'natiprapnyarn36 vai ma devatam atyaprakssh36 purasS7 tava- tithya98 marta, 'si. na te partrani cana grhan prapsyants 'ti. tad dha tathai 'va39 "sa. sa ha tathai 'va nxanxcbra. tasya ha 'pa- hcerino 'nantarena40 partrany apajahrur4l anyan42 manyama,- ncbh, tasmad qb ha no 'pavaded. aps hy evarnvtt paro bhavats 'ts.

for in these all that is good (vasu) is placed; therefore they are [called] Vasus." " Who are the Rudras ?" " The ten breaths in man," he said; "the Self is the eleventh. When these depart, going out [of the body], then they cause wailing (rud); therefore theyare [calledl Rudras." "Who arethe Adityas?" "The twelve months of the .year," he said; " for they go taking (a-da,) this whole [universe]; therefore they are [called] A dityas." " Who are the three ?" " Just these worlds." " Who are the two?" "Day and night." "Who is Indra, who Prajapati?" "Speech is lndra, mind Prajapati." "Who is the one deity?" " Breath."

He said: "Thou hast asked me too much concerning the deity about whom one must not ask too much. Before such and such a date thou wilt die. Thy body will not at all reach home." And it happened thus. He died just thus. His body robbers carried away at once (?), thinking it to be something else. There- fore one should not insult [a Brahman]; for one who has the true knowledge becomes his superior.

1II. THE CONTEST OF THE GODS AND ASURAS: 1 (JUB. i. 18. 5). dersura aspardhanta. te deva manaso 'dagayan.l tad esctm

asura abAidrtstyas papmana samasrfan.S tasmad bah? kirn ca TRANSLATION.

The gods and Asuras contended. The gods sang the ?dgttha as A. su. 26 MSS. httam. 27 B*a. om. iti. '28 A. tasmac casava. 29 A.

vava. 30 MSS. samratsara, which might be apposition. 31 B.a ida. 32 MSS. yayanti. 33 A. eca. 34 A.prana. 35 MSS. -raMnam. 36 A. -ksi.

3q A.p uro B.a. pure. 38 B.a. -tikthya; see Whit. , Gr. X 1242e. 39 MSS.

'va. 40 MSS. 'ntar-. 41 A. jahrfr. 42 MSS. -yam. - ' MSS. manaso 'gayan. a MSS. abhidraksya or -dratya. 3 MSS. -srajan.


Jatqrwtntya,-Bqsahqrba,na avrr d IJpantshad- Bqsahmana. 241

kim ca qnanasft dAyayati. p?beyam CCxbi 'nena dAycxsyati4 pczpam ca. te vaco 'da,qcxsyan. tam tathai 'vx ',kurvan.5 tasmcxbd bahu kiqn ca ki)n ca 7pfXCa vadati. satyams cai7 'naya vadaty anrtam ca. te caktst6tso 'da,qayan. tat tathai VCxb 'kur nan. tasmad bahu ,kim ca ksrb ca caD,se6tshx pasSyati. darpan^yarn ecci'nenapapyaty adar- ganzyam ca. te protreno 'da,yan. tat tathK6i 'v

EL. Oerte7,, 242

III. 2 (JUB. ii. 1.1). devanam vai sad ?sdgatara asan. vak ca manc6g ca caksup

cxz protrazm ca 'pG6nap ca prsinap ca. te CdAriyanta. teno 'dgatra dtksamahai yena 'jpahatya mrtyurn apahatya papmanawn seargam lokam iyame 'ti. te 'bruvan vaco 'd;gatra dbksamaha iti. te vaco 'dgatra 'dtkssbnta. sa yad eva vaca vadati tad Getmana agayad atha ya itare kamas tan deveDhyah. taml panpma 'nvasrjyata. sa yads eva vaca papam vadati sa eva sa pawnaGe. te 'bruvan na vai no 'yam qnrtyt4mS na paJpm&nam atyav&kstt manaso 'dgatrsc dtksarnaha iti. te manaso 'dqGetrsc 'd?ksanta. sa ?yad eva manc6sa dAyayati tad atmana agayad: atha ya itare karnas tan deveDhyah. tat papma 'nvaerjyata. sa yad eva manasa pa?am dAyayati sa eva sa papma. te sbruvan4 no nvava no 'yamb rnrtyurn9 na paprnanarrz atyavakstt.6 caksuso 'dyatra d?ksamaha ?>t?>. te caksuso 'dgatrcs 'd?ksanta. sa yadR eva caksusa papyat?> tad atmana7 agayad atha ya itare kcbmG6s tG6n deveDhyah. tat papma 'rbrasrjyata. sa yad eva caksusG6 papam jpapyat?> [8sa eva sa papnza].8 te 'bruvan rwo nvava no 'yarn9 mrtyum rwa pap- rnanaZrn atyardks?>t. protreno 'dgatra d?,ksamaha itz. te protreno

TRANSLATION. Of the gods there were six Udgatars: vi%., speech and mind

and sight and hearing and exhalation and inhalation They resolved: " Let us consecrate ourselves with that Udgatar by whom, having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, we may go to the heavenly world.' They said: " Let us consecrate ourselves with speech as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with speech as Udgatar. 77Vhat one speaks with speech, that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those [it sang] to the gods. Evil was created after it. What evil thing one speaks with speech, that is that evil. They said: "This one hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with the mind as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with the mind as Udgatar. What one thinks with the mind, that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those [it-sang] to the gods. Evil was created after it. What evil thing one thinks with the mind, that is that evil. They said: "This one hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with sight as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with sight as Udgatar. What one sees with sight, that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those it sang to the gods. Evil was created after it. What evil thing one sees with sight [that is that evil]. They said: "This one hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with hearing as Udgatar." They consecrated

1 MSS. t&nwa. 2 MS8. ya yad. .3 MSS. tyu. 4 A. brav. 5 MSS. non- vanogJam. 6 A. avatyapakstc; B. avatyav&kc. 7 B. dtmana. 8 sa .... pa?ma om. MSS.


Jatm,tntya-Brahmana and bJpantshad-Brcohm,c6nc6. 243

dycztrct 'd?,ksanta. sa yad eva protrena prnoti tad atmana agayad atha ya itare karnas tctn deveDhyah. tat pczpmct 'nvasrjyata. sa yad eva protren,a pczpam prnoti sa eva sa pczpmct. te 'bruvan no nvava no 'yarn mrtyum na pczpmartarn atyarczkstt.9 apaneno 'dg(astra diksansaAct iti. te spctneno 'dgcztra 'dtksanta S(Jb yadReva 'panenct 'pctniti tad atmana czgczyad atha ya itare kczmczs tczn deveDhyc6h. tans pczpmct '^zeasrjyczta. sa yad eva 'pczqzena pczpam gandhs6m apaniti sa eva sa papmct. te 'brurctn no nvava no 'yam mrtyum na pczpmobnam atyavaskstt. prceneno 'dyastra dtksarnaha iti. te prc6neo 'dyastros 'd?,ksanta. sa ?/ad eve6 pranena praniti tczd atmana age?l,ya,d atha ya itare kasnects tabn deveDhyah. tam papma na 'nvasrjyata. na hy etena pranena papam vadat?> na papam dhyayati na papctm papyati na pa,pam prnoti na papam gandham apanits.l tena 'pahatya wbrtytemll apahatya papw6anam seargam tokam ayan. apahatya hai 'va mrtyum apahatya papmanam seargam tokaqn eti ya evawiz veda.

themselves with hearing as Udgatar. What one hears with hearing, that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those [it sang] to the gods. Evil was created after it. What e,vil thing one hears with hearing, that is that evil. They said: '; This one hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with e2chalation as Udgatar." 'rhey consecrated themselves with exhalation as Udgatar. What one exhales with exhalation, that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those [it sang] to the gods. Evil was created after it. What evil odor one exhales with exhalation, that is that evil. They said: "This one hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with breath (inhalation) as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with breath (inhalation) as Udgatar. What one breathes with breath (inh.), that it sang to itself, and what the other desires are, those it sang to the gods. No evil was created after that. For with this lbreath (inh.) one speaks no evil thing, thinks no evil thing, sees no evil thing, heals llo evil thing, exhales no evil odor. By it having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, they went to the heas enly world. Having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, he who knows thus goes to the heavenly world

III. 3 (JUB. ii. 4. 1). devasur(z samayatate 'fy ahuh. na ha V(bi tad devas?sras sam-

yetsre. prczyapatip ca ha vai tan metyup ca salnyetate. tasya ha

TRANSLATION. They say the gods and Asuras strove together. Truly, the

gods and Asuras did not thus strive together. Both Prajapati 9 MSS. atyapa-. 10 MSS. aparitz. " MSS. mrtyunm.


prajapater devah priyahl p?btra anta asthh. te 'dAriycGnta. teno 'dgatra d?>ksamahai yencz 'pahatrya mrtynm apahatya papmanam seargasn lokar>w iyame 'ti. te 'bruvan vaco 'dgatra d?ksamaha iti. te vaco 'dyatra 'd?>ksanta. teDhyas idaan vag agayad yad zdawn vaca vada6tz yad. zdam vaca bAunjate. tasn papma 'eavasr- jyata. sa yad eva vaca papam vadats sa eva sa papma. te 'bruvan na vai no 'yam mrty?4m na papmanam atyavaks?t.3 manaso 'dgatra d?>ksamaha iti. te manaso 'dgatra 'd?ksanta. teDhya idam mana cbgayad yad tdam manasa dAyayati yad idam manasa bAunjate. tat papma 'nvas.rjyata. sa yad eva manasa papam dAyayati sa eva sa paprna. te 'bruvan no nvava no 'yans qnrtyum na pcbprnanam atyavaks?g. cc6ksuso 'dgatra d?ksamaha iti. te caks?bs. o 'dgatra 'd?ksanta. teDhya zdam caksz6r agayad yad idam caksusa papyati yad ;idam caks2bsa bAunjate. tat pappma 'nvasrjyata. sa yad eva caksusa papam papyati sa eva sa papma. te 'bruvan no nvava no 'yawn mrtyqzm na papmc6- nam atyavaks.t. gqôtqêno 'dgatqâ dtksamaha sti. te protqêno 'dgatqâ 'd?ks.anta. teDhya ?-dam gqôtqâm agayad yad idaqn Sq;o- trena prnoti yad ?>dam gqôtqêna bAunjate. tat papma 'nvasrvyata. and Death thus strove together. Now the gods were in the pres- ence (?) of this Prajapati, [beixg his] dear sons. They resolved: "Let us consecrate ourselves with that Udgatar by whom, having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, we may go to the heavenly world." They said: " Let us consecrate ourselves with speech as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with speech as Udgatar. Speech sang to them that which o ne speaks here with speech, which one enjoys here with speech. Evil was created after it. Just what evil thing one speaks with speech, that is that evil. They said: " Indeed, this [Udgatar] hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with mind as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with mind as Udgatar. Mind sang to them that which one thinks here with the mind, which one enjoys here with the mind. Evil was created after it. Just what evil thing one thinks with the mind, that is that evil. They said: " Indeed, this [Udgfitar], too, hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with sight as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with sight as Udgatar. Sight sang to them that which one sees here with sight, which one enjoys here with sight. Evil was created after it. Just what evil thing one sees with sight, that is that evil. They said: "Indeed, this [Udgatar], too, hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with hearing as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with hearing as Udgatar. Hearing sang to them that which one hears here with hearinZ, which one enjoys here with hearing. Evil was created after lt. Just what evil

1 B. oriyaya0. 2 A. has between te and bhya, no 'dyatra dtksamaha iti, which i# struck out in red. 8 MSS. avaty .

244 H. Oertet,


sa yad eva protrena papam prnoti sa eva sa paprna. te 'bruvan no nvava no 'yawb qnrtyum4 na papmanam atyavakstt. 6praneno 'dgatra d?ksarnaha ?t?z. te praneno 'd.qatra 'd?ksanta. teDhya idarn prana agayad yadg zdawb pranena praniti yad zdarn pranena bAunjate. tam papma 'nvasrjyata. sa yad eva pranena praniti sa eva sa papma. te 'br2zean no znvava nos 'yarn mrtyurrz na papmanarew atyavaks?>t. anena mukAyena praneno 'dgatra d?>ksa- wbaha ?>ti. so 'brav?n mrty?h. esa esarn sa zudgata yena mrtyam atyesyantb 'ts. ncz hy etencz pranena Xpapam vadati na npapam dAyaycogs rwa paparn papyat?> ncs papas;b prnots na papam gan- dhamy apanits. tena 'pahatya mrtyuwb apahatya papananiz secbrgam tokarrb ayan.8 apahatya ha? XvCb mrty?rez apahatya papmanarn secGrgasm tokarn eti ya evariz veda.

thing one hears with hearing that is that evil. They said: " In- deed, this [Udgatar], too, hath not carried us bsyond death, tlor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with breath (inhalation) as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with breath as Udgatar. Breath sang to them that which one breathes here with breath, which one enjoys here with breath. They said: " Indeed, this [tJdgatar], too, hath not carried us beyond death, nor beyond evil. Let us consecrate ourselves with this breath of the mouth as Udgatar." They consecrated themselves with this breath of the mouth as Udgatar. Death said: "This is this Udgatar by whom they will go beyond death." For with this breath one speaks no evil thing, sees no evil thing, hears no evil thing, exhales no evil odor. By it having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, they went to the heavenly world. Having smitten away death, having smitten away evil, he, indeed, goes to the heavenly world who knows thus.

1v. MAN AND TEIE SACRIFICE (JUB. iV. 2. 1). peer?sso vas yagncth. tasya yans catzbrvzn patsrl varsans tat

pratassavanarn. caturvinpatyaksarfi6 ga,yatrz. gayatram pratas- sava6nam. tad,vasunam. pranaq vas vasavah. prana hb 'darrz saruam vasv adadate. sa yady enarn etasmtn 1cala ?patapad

TRANSLATION. Man is the sacrifice. His (first) twenty-four years ale the

morning-libation. The gayatrs has twenty-four syllables. The morning-libation is connected with the gayatrs. It belongs to the Vasus. The breaths are the Vasus; for the breaths take to

4 MSS. mrty?z. 5 B. inserts sa before praneno. 6 MSS. ne. 7 MSE3. mcltyam. 8 MSS. gamayan.

1 MSS. -ti. 2 MSS. -nv.

Ja?>rn?>n?>ya-:Brahrn(i6nG6 and 7Mpan?>shad-Brahrnana. 245


qxpadravet sa brv6yG6t. prana3 vasava idam rne pratassavanazrn madAyandinena savanena 'nusamtan?te 'ts. agado hai 'va bhavats. atha yczni catupeatvarbnpatam varsanii tan madAyands- nam savanam. cat?l,peagrarinpadCaksara trist?bp. trasstubharn ma- dAyandznam savanasn. tad rudranam. prana vai rudrah. prana hz 'dam sarvam rodayanti. sa yady enam etasmin kata q4pata- pad upadravet sa br?syat. pra,na r2xdra idam me madAyandznam savanam trtbyasavane-na 'n?ssamtanute 'ti. agado hai 'va bhavati.

atha yany astacatvarznpatarn, varsani tat trtsyasavanam. as- tacatvarinpadaksara jagatz. jtyah. prana h?, 'dam sarvam adadate. sa yady enam etasmzn kala qxpatapad upadsavet sa brv6yat. prana aditya tdanz qne trttyasavanarn ayusa 'nusamtanute 'ts. agado hai 'va bhavati. etad dha tad vidvan brahtnana uvaca qnahidasa aitareya upatapati. kim idarn upatapasi yo 'harn, aneno ',patsbpata na presyamt 'ti. sa ha so.dapapatam varsan?> jiptva. pra ha sodapapatam varsan?> zvat?> rba?> nan?> jpranas ssbrny ayuso,}ahat?> ya evaxn veda.

themselves all this that is good (vasu). If in that time an illness should attack him, he should say: " Ye breaths, ye Vasu#, continue this morning-libation of mine by the noon-libation." Verily, he becomes well.

His [next] forty-four years are the noon-libation. The tristubh has forty-four syllables. The nooIl-libation is collnected with the tr?>stuvbh. It belongs to the Rudras. The breaths are the Rudras; for the breaths-cause this whole [universe] to wail (rud). If in that time an illness should attack him, he should say: " Ye breaths, ye Rudras, continue this noon-libation of mine by the evening libation." Verily, he becomes well.

Moreover his [next] forty-eight years are the evening-libation. The jagatz has forty-eight syllables. The evenillg-libation is connected with the jagatz. It belongs to the Adityas. The breaths are the Adityas; for the breaths take to themselves [a-da] this all. If in that time an illness should attack him, he should say: " Ye breaths, ye Adityas, continue this my evening- libation by my life-time." Verily, he becomes well.

Now the Brahman Mahidasa Aitareya, knowing this, said in (his) illness: " Why dost thou attack me, who am not to die of this illnesst" He lived a hundred and sixteen years. He lives on to a hundred and sixteen years, [his] breath does not leave him in the midst of his life-time, who knows thus

3 MSS. insert va. 4 MSS. var,mani. 6 MSS. samy.

246 #. Oerte/


Jatmntya-Braherbana and Upantshad-Brahquana. 247 V. THE SILENCE OF THE BRAHMAN-PRIEST DURING THE SAC_

RIFICE (JUB. iii. 4. 2-3). ayam vc4va yajno yo 'yanb pavate. tasya vc-zk ca masap ca

vartanyau. vaca ca hy esa etan ynanascz ca vartate. tasya hotez 'dAvaryur ud,cJate 'ty anyatarct;-^ VaC(b vartanion samsknrvanti. tasrnat te vczecc hzervanti. brahmcti 'va mccnascz 'nyatarczqz.l tas- mczt sa ttbsntm aste. sa yad dAla so 'pi stmyamane va pasyatnane vcX v(-bracgyamb!:Rza (cs6ta. anyatarcbm ercc 'sycz 'pi tarhi sa VCt,CCb vartanim sawSieskuryebt. sa yatha purtbsa ekupcbd yan bAresann2 eti ratho vai 'kacakro vartamctna3 evanb eva tarhi yayno bAresann eti. etad dha tad vidvan4 brahmana uaca brahnwcenanj pratar- anurczka upcbkrte6 veevadyamanam asbnam6 ardha;^7 vcz ime tarhi yajnasyca 'ntarayur8 iti. ardhatit hi te tcJerhi yafrbasycz 'ntarbyuh.9 tasssad brahma wrataranvec4Da upaAcrte vacamyanxa asbta "pari- dhayzzycxya C6 vasatkeerctct itareszon sturapastranG6n eva' "wam- sthayai pavamancznctm. sa yath(t purt6sa ubhayapad yan bAresam na nyettll ratho vo 'bhayfbeakro vartaqnctna evasm etarhs yWr?o bAresarr7 na nyeti. l2

sa yacZz yajea qkto bAresann sy

248 Et. Oertet,

yadfi samato brahmane jprabr?te 'ty c-6huh. athal6 yady anupa- smrtat k?bta idam ajanb 't?> brahmane prabrute 'ty ahuh. sa brahma pra?> udetyal6 srqzeenc6 ",qn?,dRhra ajyam,}uhuyat. bh?r bh?zeah sear ity etabAir vyahrtithWh. eta VC-bi vyahrtayas sarvaprayap- cittayah. tadRyatAwa lavanena suvarnam samdadAyatl7 s?varnena rajatam rajatena trapa'8 trap?na lohay(saxi loAc6yasena kc6rs- nayasarn'9 kccrsnc6yasena daru daru ca carnza ca plesmana20 evarrb evas 'vam vidvans tat sarvam bAisajyati.

tad ahur yad aha?bsbn me grahan nze 'grahbd ity adAvaryave daksinc6 nayanti. apr6nstn me vasadql akar22 yna23 iti hotre. ?da- gastn ma ity tbdge6tre. atha 7cirn cakruse brahrrwane tusnzn astnclya samavattr eve 'tarair24 rtvigbAir daksinc6 nayantb 'ti. sa brvyad ardhabhag gha vai26 sa yajeasya 'rdham hy esa yafrzasya vahatz 'ti. s6rdha ha srna vat pura brahrnane dfaksinct nayant?> 'ti. ardhet itareDhya rtvtgbAyah. tasycbi 'sa gloko-

mceyt 'dCam manye bAuvanccdi sarvam mayt lot6 mayi dSipay co6tasro tnayw26 darn manye ntmisad yad! epr6tz rnayy 66pa osadhayap ca sarve6 stt.

and if from [a cause] not understood [when they ask :] " Whence hath this arisen?" they say: "Tell it to the Blahman-priest." That Brahman-priest going up toward the east should offer the sacrificial butter with a la(lle in the agnbdAra, with these exclamations: "Bhus, Bhuvas, Svar." For these exclamations expi- piate everything. As one would mend gold with salt, silvel with gold, tin with silver, copper with tin, iron with copper, wood with iron, wood and leather with glue, even so one knowing thus cures everything.

This they say: " If with the wordls: ' He hath ofEered for me, he hath dipped the dippings for me,' they lead the sacrificial gifts to the-Adhvaryu; if with the words: 'He hath SUllg the pastra for me, he hath uttered the vasat for rne,' to the Hotar; if vith the words: ' He hath sung the udgbtha for me,' to the Udgatar; now then- to the Brahman having done what, while he sat in silence, do they lead just as large sacrificial gifts as to the other priests ?" Let him say: " He, indeed, shareth in half of the sacrifice, for he carrieth half of the sacrifice." Indeed thx3y formerly used to lead half of the sacrificial gifts to the Brahman-priest, half to the other priests. Of this there is the following plokss:

" In me, I think, is this whole creation etc., In me the worlds, in me the four quarters In me, I think, is that twinkling thing which stirs, In me the svaters and all the herbs."

15 MSS. ratha. 16 A. prandu-; B. Jpra-. Iq B. vtdadhy-. 18 MSS. tra- Jpum. 19 A. kar-. 20 A. Myes-; A. inserts samdadhyat between Myesma and na, whlch is struck out in red. al So B.; A. -sas. 2'2 MSS. akrn. *23 MSS. rnay. 24 MSS. 'tarer. 25 1%SS. ardhabhaghyat ;sa. 20 So B.; A rncat.


Jazmtnzya-Bral2rnana and Upantshad-Bfc6hrn,ana. 249 mayt 'dam manye bhqseanadi sarvam iti. evamvidam ha vave 'ctam sarvam bhqxvanam anvayattam. mayi lokcz mayi dipap catasra iti. evawnvicXi ha vava loDcz evamvidi cZipap catasrah. rnayb 'dCam marbye nimisad yacZ ejati mayy apa osadhayap cX sarecz iti. evawnvidz27 ha vcbve 'dam ssbrvam bAuvanam prfististhi- tam. tasmczd ?b hai 'vamvicZarn eva brahtnanam kgrvtta. sa ha vava28 brahmcz ya evam veds6.

" In me, I think, is the whole creation etc.," for on one knowing thus this whole creation is dependent. ."In me the worlds, in me the four quarters," for in one knowing thus are the worlds, in olle knowing thus the four quarters. " In me that twinkling thing which stirs, in me the waters and all the herbs," for in one knowing thus this whole creation has its support. And therefore one should make one knowing thus a Brahman-priest. He indeed is a Brahman-priest who knows thus.

VI. SUPERIORITY OF WIND AND BREATH (JUB. iii. 1. 1, 2). ekcz ha vava krtsneb devata. arcXhactevata eva 'nya.h. ayam eva

yo 'yana pavate. esa eva sarvesana devanam grahah. sa hai 'so 'stais nctnaa. astam iti he 'ha sapeadl graActn acaksate. sa yad adityo 'starrz agad iti graAczn agad iti hai 'tat. terza so 'sarvah. sa etam ercz 'pyeti. astarn candrama eti. terza so 'sarvah. sa etam eva 'pyeti. astarn naksatrc6ni yanti. tena tany asarvani. tany etarrb eva 'piyarzti. anv agnir gacchati. tena so 'sarvah. sa etam eva 'pyeti. ety ahah. eti ratriA.2 tena te asarve. teletam erc6 'pbtah.3 muAyanti digo na v

X Oertel 250 tany etam eva 'piyanti. tadf yad etat sobrvarn vayqmm eva pyeti. tasmad vayur eva sclma. sa ha VGbi samavat sa [krtsrwam] sama vedaya evam veda. atha 'dAyci,tmarn. na VGbi seapan vaca vadati. se yam8 eva pranam aXpyeti. na manasa dAyci,yati. tad idamX eva pranam apyeti.9 na caksusvi> papyati tad idam eva pranam apyeti. na progrena prnoti. tad idam eva pranaqn apy- ets. tad yad etat sarvam prGzwam erci, 'bAisameti tasmat prana eva sama sa ha vai samavtt sa krtsnam sama veda ya evam veda. tad yad idam ah?r xa bata 'dya vafAi ?tt. [sH hai tad puruse 'ntar niramateln sa purnasl l svedazmccna aste.

tad dha pczgnakaml2 ca kfi67)eyam abh?>pratarinarn ca [kczksase- nirr] brczhmanah parxvevisyamanal8 vpczvaz?rczja.l tcztc ha bi- bhzkse.'5 tam ha ncz "dadrcztelo ko vaib ko ve ti rrzanyamcznaub. tGeu ho pajaycz?

mahattnanap cat?ro deva ekah kas sal7 jayczra bAuvanasya fJopczh: tam kapeyal8 na qvijcxnantyeke abAipratczri* bcghudha nivistam.l9

iti. sa ho vcicGb bAijpratcirz mam vGbra20 prapadya pratibruh?^ sti. tvayG va ayaym praty?cya itz.2l tam ha pratynvaca22

cctmas devana ta martyciXarn29 hiranyadanto rsubbhaso24 ?sa25 sunur:

Therefore they are not whole. They go unto that [god]. So, as thi;s a11 goes unto wind, therefore wind is the samall. H:e is saman-knowing, he knows the [whole] saman who knows thus. Now with regard to the self. One who sleeps speaks not with the voice That same [voice] goes 1lnto breath. He thinks not with the mind. That same [mind] goes unto breath, He sees not with the eye. That same [eyel goes unto breath. He hears not with the eaw. That same pearTgoes unto breath. So, as this all goes together unto kreathn therefore is breath the saman. He is saman-knowing he knows the whole saman, who knows thus. When they say now '4 Verily it doth not blow to-day'8 he is then resting within man; he sits full, sweating (?).

Now unto gaunaka Kapeya and Abhipratarin [Kaksaseni]t while they were being waitedsuponn a Brahman came. He begged food of them. They paid no attention to him thinking " Whe or who is he ?" He sang anto them: ;' One [god]-who is he ?- swallowed up four magnanimous onesX being a keeper of creation; hims O Kapeyan some do not know-himn O Abhipratarin, settled down in many places." Said Abhipratarin: C'Stepping forward answer this man; by thee tnust this man be answeled.'

_

8 1%SS. se mant. 9 MSS. apyats. 10 MSS. -raqnite. 11 MSS. purna. 12 A. -kaMca. 93 MSS. parivevisya-. 14 MSS. -vapraja * after this: 16 Jprathamanuvake prathamah khandah (56). 15 A. dvtbh-. 16 MSS. na- drate. 1X MSS. so. 18 B. k&iapeya 19 SO BX * A. nivindam 20 A. 'bhi- tratartm(a)mavayy&; B.(J. -mayayya. 21 A. tvay& va aya pratyttece ti; B.C. ayavava .................. 22 MSS. -ug&ca. 23 MSS. mccty-. 24 ^. rapaso - B. Jparaso. 25 MSS. nu.


Jateeztntya-BraZama,na a2zd IJpantshad- Bq4ahqnan. 251

nzahantam asya qnahimanaqn26 ahur anadyamano yad adantam27 atte,

'ti. tnahatmanap cataro [deva] eka iti. vzbg va28 agnis sa mahatma

devah. sa yatra seapiti2'9 tad v

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Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa and Upaniṣad Brāhmaṇa