ITT Course – Unit 2

ITT Course – Unit 2

Chapter 2Windows Family

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India(Setup by an Act of Parliament)

Board of Studies

100 Hours ITT Course

Learning Objectives To know about basics of windows To discuss about icons, desktop, taskbar, start button, my computer,

recycle bin To understand the concept of control panel


Board of Studies


Windows Desktop• The desktop is the main screen area that the user see after you turn on their computer and log on to Windows. • When the user opens

programs or folders, they appear on the desktop. • The user can also put

things on the desktop, such as files and folders, and arrange them as per choice.


Board of Studies


Desktop Components

The desktop is sometimes defined more broadly to include the taskbar & Windows Sidebar.


Board of Studies


Desktop - Icons• Icons are small pictures that represent files, folders, programs, and other items. • When user first start Windows, they will see at least one icon on the desktop:

• the Recycle Bin • Some examples of desktop icons are as follows:-

• Double-clicking a desktop icon starts or opens the item it represents. For example, double-clicking the Internet Explorer icon starts Internet Explorer.


Board of Studies


Icons – Adding & Removing

• The user can choose which icons appear on the desktop. The user can add or remove an icon at any time. • If the user wants to have an easy access from the desktop to your favorite files or programs, they, create shortcuts for them. • A shortcut is an icon that represents a link to an item, rather than the item itself. • When the user double-click a shortcut, the item opens. If the user deletes a shortcut, only the shortcut is removed, and not the original item. • The user can identify shortcuts by the arrow on their icon.


Board of Studies


Activities with Desktop IconsTo add a shortcut to the desktop• Locate the item that the user want to create a shortcut for. • Right-click the item, click Send To, and then click Desktop (create shortcut). The shortcut icon appears on the desktop.

To add or remove common desktop icons• Common desktop icons include Computer, user’s personal folder, Network, the Recycle Bin, Internet Explorer, and Control Panel.• Right-click an empty area of the desktop, and then click Personalize.• In the left pane, click Change desktop icons.• Under Desktop icons, select the check box for each icon that the user wants to add to the desktop, or clear the check box for each icon that the user wants to remove from the desktop, and then click OK.

To move a file from a folder to the desktop• Open the folder that contains the file.• Drag the file to the desktop.

To remove an icon from the desktop• Right-click the icon, and then click Delete. If the icon is a shortcut, only the shortcut is

removed; the original item is not deleted.


Board of Studies


Personalize

Right Click on Desktop Personalize.


Board of Studies


Windows Color & Appearance

• It fine tunes the color and style of your windows.


Board of Studies


Desktop Background

• User can choose

from available backgrounds or colors or use their own pictures for the said purpose.


Board of Studies


Screen Saver

• A screen saver is a picture or animation that covers the

desktop screen when the computer is idle for a set period of time.


Board of Studies


Sound

• Apply a sound effect for various windows activities.


Board of Studies


Themes

• Themes can change a wide variety of visual and auditory elements at one time including the appearance of menus, icons, backgrounds, screen savers, some computer sounds, and mouse pointer.


Board of Studies


Display Settings

• This options lets the user adjust the monitor resolution, which changes the view so more or fewer items fit on the screen.


Board of Studies


Taskbar

• The taskbar is the long horizontal bar

at the bottom of the screen. Unlike the desktop, which

can get obscured by the windows on

top of it, the taskbar is visible almost all the time.


Board of Studies


Sections of Taskbar


Board of Studies


The Start Menu• The Start menu is the main gateway to your computer's programs, folders, and settings.

• It is called a menu because it provides a list of choices, just as a restaurant menu does.

Start Button


Board of Studies


The Start Menu ActivitiesThe Start menu can be used to do the common activities as follows:-

• Start programs• Open commonly used folders• Search for files, folders, and programs• Adjust computer settings• Get help with the Windows operating system• Turn off the computer• Log off from Windows or switch to a different user account


Board of Studies


Getting Started - Start Menu To open the Start menu, click the Start button in the lower-left corner of the screen. Or, press the Windows logo key on the keyboard. The Start menu appears as follows:-

The Start menu is divided into three basic parts:

• The large left pane shows a short list of programs on the computer. The computer manufacturer can customize this list, so its exact appearance will vary. Clicking All Programs displays a complete list of programs.• In the lower left corner is the search box, which

allows the user to look for programs and files on the computer by typing in search terms.• The right pane provides access to commonly used folders, files, settings, and features. It's also where the user go to log off from Windows or turn off the computer.


Board of Studies


Start Menu-Opening Programs• One of the most common uses of the Start menu is opening programs installed on your computer. To open a program shown in the left pane of the Start menu, click it. The program opens and the Start menu closes.• If you don't see the program the user

wants to open, click All Programs at the bottom of the left pane. Instantly,

the left pane displays a long list of programs in alphabetical order, followed by a list of folders.


Board of Studies


Start Menu-Opening Programs

• Clicking one of the program icons launches the program, and the Start menu closes. So what's inside the folders? More programs. Click Accessories, for example, and a list of programs that are stored in that folder appears. Click any program to open it. To get back to the programs the user saw when they first opened the Start menu, click Back near the bottom of the menu.


Board of Studies


Start Menu-Opening Programs

• If the user are unsure about what a program does, move the pointer over its icon or name. A box appears that often contains a description of the program. For example, pointing to Calculator displays this message: "Performs basic arithmetic tasks with an on-screen calculator." This trick works for items in the right pane of the Start menu, too.

• The user might notice that over time, the lists of programs in your Start menu change. This happens for two reasons. First, when the user install new programs, they get added to the All Programs list. Second, the Start menu detects which programs the user use the most, and it places them in the left pane for quick access.


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Search Box• The Search box is one of the most convenient ways to find things on the computer. The exact location of the items doesn't matter—the Search box will scour the programs and all of the folders in the personal folder (which includes Documents, Pictures, Music, Desktop, and other common locations). It will also search e‑mail messages, saved instant messages, appointments, and contacts.

• To use the Search box, open the Start menu and start typing. As the user type, the search results appear above the Search box in the left pane of the Start menu.• A program, file, or folder will appear as a search result if:

• Any word in its title matches or begins with the search term.• Any text in the actual contents of the file—such as the text in a word- processing document—matches or begins with the search term.• Any word in a property of the file, such as the author, matches or begins with the search term.

• Click any search result to open it.


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Right PaneThe right pane of the Start menu contains the following:Personal folder: Opens the personal folder, which is named for whoever is currently logged on to Windows. Documents: Opens the Documents folder, where user can store and open text files, spreadsheets, presentations, and other kinds of documents.Pictures: Opens the Pictures folder, where user can store / view digital pictures & graphics files.Music: Opens the Music folder, where user can store & play music & other audio files.Games: Opens the Games folder, where user can access all of the stored games.Search: Opens a window where user can search the computer with advanced options.Recent Items: Opens a list of files user have opened recently. Computer: Opens a window where user can access disk drives, cameras, printers, scanners, and other hardware connected to the computer.Network: Opens a window where user can access the network computers & devices.Connect To: Opens a window where user can connect to a new network.Control Panel: Opens Control Panel, where user can customize the appearance & functionality of computer, add or remove programs, set up network connections, & manage user accounts.Default Programs: Opens a window where user can choose which program the user you want Windows to use for activities like web browsing, editing pictures, etc.Help and Support: Opens Windows Help and Support, where user can browse & search Help topics about using Windows and the computer.


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Right Pane

• At the bottom of the right pane are two buttons: the Power button and the Lock button. Click the Power button to turn off the computer, or click the Lock button to lock the computer without turning it off. Once locked, the computer cannot be used until the user unlock it with their password.• Clicking the arrow next to the lock button displays a menu with additional options for switching users, logging off, restarting, or shutting down.

Lock Button

Shutdown Button


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Logging OffLog off from Windows• When the user log off from Windows, all of the programs they were using closes, but the computer is not turned off.• Click the Start button, point to the arrow next to the Lock button, and

then click Log Off.

Notes• After the user log off, another user can log on without needing to restart the computer. In addition, the user don't need to worry about losing their information if they turn off the computer.• When the user are done using Windows, they don't have to log off. The user can choose to lock the computer or to allow someone else to log on to the computer by using Fast User Switching. If user lock the computer, only the user or an administrator can unlock it. Fast User Switching is not included in Windows Vista Starter.


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Shutdown

Shut down is used when the user must turn off the power of the computer.


Board of Studies


Start Menu- Sleep

• It is an alternative to shut down process.• Windows provides a power-saving state called sleep. Like hibernation, sleep saves all of the work to the hard disk, including information about the programs the user were using, such as window location and size. After saving the work, sleep puts the

user’s computer in a power-saving state.


Board of Studies


Start Menu - Views

Default View Classical View


Board of Studies


Customizing Start Menu


Board of Studies


Customizing Start MenuTo pin a program icon to the Start menu• If the user uses a program regularly, they can create a shortcut to it by pinning the program icon to the Start menu. Pinned program icons appear on the left side of the Start menu, above the horizontal line. • Right-click the program icon that the user wants to pin to the Start menu, and then click Pin to Start Menu.

Notes• To unpin a program icon, right-click it, and then click Unpin from Start Menu.• To change the order of a pinned item, drag the program icon to a new position in the list.


Board of Studies


Customizing Start MenuTo remove a program icon from the Start menu• Removing a program icon from the Start menu doesn't remove it from the All Programs list or uninstall the program.• Click the Start button .• Right-click the program icon the user want to remove from the Start menu, and then

click Remove from this list.

To move the Start button• The Start button is located on the taskbar. Although the user can't remove the Start

button from the taskbar, the user can move the taskbar—and the Start button along

with it.• Right-click an empty space on the taskbar. If Lock the Taskbar has a check mark beside it, click it to remove the check mark.• Click an empty space on the taskbar, and then hold down the mouse button as the user drag the taskbar to one of the four edges of the desktop. When the taskbar is where the user wants it to be, release the mouse button.

Note• To lock the taskbar into place, right-click an empty space on the taskbar, and then click Lock the Taskbar so that the check mark reappears.


Board of Studies


Customizing Start MenuTo clear recent items from the Start menu• Clearing the Recent Items list does not delete the items from the computer.• Click the Start button .• Right-click Recent Items, and then click Clear Recent Items List.

To adjust the number of shortcuts for frequently used programs• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • Click the Start Menu tab, and then click Customize.• In the Customize Start Menu dialog box, in the Number of recent programs to display box, enter the number of programs the user wants to display on the Start menu, and then click OK.

To customize the right pane of the Start menu• The user can add or remove items, such as Computer, Control Panel, and Pictures,

that appear on the right side of the Start menu. The user can also change some items so that they appear as links or menus. • Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • Click the Start Menu tab, and then click Customize.• In the Customize Start Menu dialog box, select the options in the list that the user want, and then click OK.


Board of Studies


Customizing Start MenuTo restore Start menu default settings• The user can restore the Start menu to its original, default settings.• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • Click the Start Menu tab, and then click Customize.• In the Customize Start Menu dialog box, click Use Default Settings, and then click OK.

To search for programs from the Start menu• Click the Start button and then type a word or phrase in the Search box.

To add the Run command to the Start menu• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • Click the Start Menu tab, and then click Customize.• In the Customize Start Menu dialog box, scroll through the list of options to find the Run command check box, select it, and then click OK.


Board of Studies


The Quick Launch Toolbar• To the immediate right of the Start button is the Quick Launch toolbar.

As its name implies, it lets you launch (start) programs with a single click. For example, click the Internet Explorer icon to start Internet Explorer.

• The user can customize the Quick Launch toolbar by adding their favorite programs to it. Locate the program in the Start menu, right- click it, and then click Add to Quick Launch. The program's icon now

appears in the toolbar. To remove an icon from the Quick Launch toolbar, right-click it, click Delete, and then click Yes.


Board of Studies


The Notification Area• The notification area, on the far right side of the taskbar, includes a clock and a group

of icons. It looks like this:

• These icons communicate the status of something on the computer or provide access to

certain settings. The set of icons the user see depends on which programs or services they have installed and how they computer manufacturer set up their computer.• Double-clicking an icon in the notification area usually opens the program or setting associated with it. For example, double-clicking the volume icon opens the volume controls. Double-clicking the network icon opens Network and Sharing Center.• Occasionally, an icon in the notification area will display a small pop-up window (called a notification) to notify the user about something.


Board of Studies


Windows Slidebar & Gadgets

• Windows Sidebar is a long, vertical bar that is displayed on the side of the desktop. • It contains mini-programs called gadgets, which offer information at a glance and provide easy access to frequently used tools. • For example, the user can use gadgets to display a picture slide show, view continuously updated headlines, or look up contacts.


Board of Studies


Customizing Taskbar

• To modify the Taskbar – right Click on the Taskbar and choose Properties


Board of Studies


Customizing TaskbarTo hide the taskbar• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • On the Taskbar tab, select Auto-hide the taskbar, and then click OK. The taskbar is hidden from view but reappears when you point to it.

To show the taskbar• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • On the Taskbar tab, clear the Auto-hide the taskbar check box, and then click OK.

To lock or unlock the taskbar• Right-click an empty space on the taskbar, and then click Lock the Taskbar so that it has a check mark next to it. • To unlock the taskbar, click Lock the Taskbar to clear the check mark.

To move the taskbar• Right-click an empty space on the taskbar. • If Lock the Taskbar has a check mark next to it, the taskbar is locked. Unlock it by

clicking Lock the Taskbar, which removes the check mark.• Click an empty space on the taskbar, and then hold down the mouse button as the user drags the taskbar to the top, bottom, or side of the desktop. • When the taskbar is where the user want it to be, release the mouse button.


Board of Studies


Customizing TaskbarTo resize the taskbar• Right-click an empty space on the taskbar. If Lock the Taskbar has a check mark next to it, the taskbar is locked. Unlock it by clicking Lock the Taskbar, which removes the check mark.• Point to the edge of the taskbar until the pointer changes into a double-headed arrow, and then drag the border up or down.

To stop grouping similar taskbar buttons on the taskbar• Click to open Taskbar and Start Menu Properties. • If the Group similar taskbar buttons check box is selected, the buttons will automatically stack on top of each other. To turn off grouping, clear the Group similar taskbar buttons check box.

To show or hide icons in the notification area • Click the arrow next to the notification area to show more or hide more icons the notification area.


Board of Studies


Customizing TaskbarTo add a toolbar to the taskbar• A toolbar is a row, column, or block of buttons or icons representing tasks the user can do within a program. Some toolbars, such as the Quick Launch toolbar, can appear on the taskbar.• Right-click an empty area on the taskbar and point to Toolbars.• Items with check marks beside them are already on the taskbar. Click any item in the list to add or remove it.

To add or remove the Quick Launch toolbar • The Quick Launch toolbar contains shortcuts to frequently used programs.

• Right-click an empty area on the taskbar and point to Toolbars. To add the Quick Launch toolbar to the taskbar, click Quick Launch. A check mark should appear. To

remove the Quick Launch toolbar, click the check mark.


Board of Studies


Customizing TaskbarTo show or hide icons in the Quick Launch toolbar• Right-click an empty space on the taskbar. If Lock the Taskbar has a check mark next to it, the taskbar is locked. Unlock it by clicking Lock the Taskbar, which removes the check mark.• Point to the Quick Launch toolbar.• Click the toolbar sizing handle, and then drag it to show or hide the Quick Launch

toolbar. If the user you don't see the toolbar sizing handle, there's probably not enough room on the taskbar to expand it further.

To add a program to the Quick Launch toolbar• Locate the program the user want to add on the Start menu or on the desktop.• Click the program icon, and then drag it to the Quick Launch toolbar.

To remove a program from the Quick Launch toolbar• On the Quick Launch toolbar, right-click the program icon, and then click Delete.


Board of Studies


Versions of Taskbar

The original implementation of the Windows taskbar in Windows 95, with one task running.

A standard Windows XP taskbar with two tasks running.

A standard Windows Vista (with Aero) taskbar with two tasks running.

The taskbar in Windows 7 allows large task icons and pinning icons to the taskbar, and hides titles when set to always combine.


Board of Studies


Application Window


Board of Studies


Document Window


Board of Studies


Window Buttons

Maximize Button Close ButtonMinimize Button


Board of Studies


Dialog Box• A Dialog box looks like a window but it is different in that a window is to display information and a Dialog Box is to gather information.

The Parts of the Dialog Box:-

1. The Title Bar 2. Tabs 3. A Drop Down List Box 4. Option Buttons 5. A Text Box 6. Command Buttons 7. A Spinner 8. A Slider


Board of Studies


Using Menu • Most programs contain dozens or even hundreds of commands (actions) that are organized under menus. • Like a restaurant menu, a program menu shows the user a list of choices. • To keep the screen uncluttered, menus are hidden until the user click their titles in the menu bar, located just underneath the title bar. • For example, clicking "Image" in Paint's menu bar displays the Image menu:


Board of Studies


Using Menu • To choose one of the commands listed in a menu, click it. Sometimes a dialog box

appears, in which the user can select further options. If a command is unavailable and cannot be clicked, it is shown in gray, like the Crop command in the picture.

• Some menu items are not commands at all. Instead, they open other menus. In the following picture, pointing to "Zoom" opens a submenu. Pointing to "Custom" in the

submenu would open yet another submenu.


Board of Studies


Using Menu • If the user don't see the command they want, try looking at another menu. Move the mouse pointer along the menu bar and its menus open automatically; the user don't need to click the menu bar again. To close a menu without selecting any commands, click the menu bar or any other part of the window.• Recognizing menus isn't always easy, because not all menu controls look alike or even appear on a menu bar. So how can the user spot them? When the user see an arrow next to a word or picture, they are probably looking at a menu control. Here are some examples as follows:-


Board of Studies


Scroll Bar• When a document, webpage, or picture exceeds the size of its window, scroll bars appear to allow the user to see the information that is currently out of view. • The following picture shows the parts of a scroll bar:-

To operate a scroll bar:

• Click the up or down scroll arrows to scroll the window's contents up or down in small steps. Hold down the mouse button to scroll continuously.• Click an empty area of a scroll bar above or below the scroll box to scroll up or down one page.• Drag a scroll box up, down, left, or right to scroll the window in that direction.


Board of Studies


Command Buttons• A command button performs a command (makes something happen) when the user click it. The user will most often see them in dialog boxes, which are small windows that contain options for completing a task. For example, if the user close a Paint picture without saving it first, they might see a dialog box like this:

• To close the picture, the user must first click either the Yes or No button. Clicking Yes saves the picture and any changes that they have made, and clicking No deletes the picture and discards any changes that they have made. Clicking Cancel

dismisses the dialog box and returns the control to the program.


Board of Studies


Command Buttons Examples


Board of Studies


Check Boxes • Check boxes allow the user to select one or more independent options. Unlike option buttons, which restrict the user to one choice, check boxes allow the user to choose multiple options at the same time.

To operate check boxes:

• Click an empty square to select or "turn on" that option. A check mark will appear

in the square, indicating that the option is selected.• To turn off an option, clear (remove) its check mark by clicking it.• Options that currently can't be selected or cleared are shown in gray.


Board of Studies


Sliders • A slider lets you adjust a setting along a range of values. It looks like this:

• A slider along the bar shows the currently selected value. In the example shown above, the slider is positioned midway between Slow and Fast, indicating a medium pointer speed.• To operate a slider, drag the slider toward the value that the user want.


Board of Studies


Text Box • A text box allows the user to type information, such as a search term or password. The picture below shows a dialog box containing a text box.

• A blinking vertical line called the cursor indicates where text that the user type will appear. In the example, the user can see the cursor after the "r" in "bear." The user can easily move the cursor by clicking the new position. For example, to add a word

before "bear," the user would first move the cursor by clicking before the "b."• If the user don't see a cursor in the text box, it means the text box isn't ready for their input. Click the box first, and then start typing.• Text boxes that require the user to enter a password will usually hide their password as they type it, in case someone else is looking at your screen.


Board of Studies


Drop Down List • Drop-down lists are similar to menus. Instead of clicking a command, though, the user choose an option.

• When closed, a drop-down list shows only the currently selected option.

• The other available options are hidden until you click the control, as shown below:

• To open a drop-down list, click it. To choose an option from the list, click the option.


Board of Studies


List Boxes• A list box displays a list of options that the user can choose from. Unlike a drop- down list, some or all of the options are visible without having to open the list.

• To choose an option from the list, click it. If the option the user want isn't visible, use the scroll bar to scroll the list up or down. If the list box has a text box above it, the user can type the name or value of the option instead.


Board of Studies


Tabs• In some dialog boxes, options are divided into two or more tabs. Only one tab, or set of options, can be viewed at a time.

• The currently selected tab appears in front of the other tabs. To switch to a different

tab, click the tab.


Board of Studies


The Recycle Bin• When the user deletes a file or folder, it doesn't actually get deleted right away and it

goes to the Recycle Bin. Now, if the user wishes to change their mind and decide to get it back then they can use the restore option provided under recycle bin menu.

• If the user are sure that they won't need the deleted items again, they can empty the Recycle Bin. Doing that will permanently delete the items and reclaim any disk space they were using.


Board of Studies


Recycle Bin - Recovering Files

• When the user deletes a file from the computer, it's temporarily stored in the Recycle Bin. This gives the user an opportunity to recover accidentally deleted files from the Recycle Bin and restore them to the computer.

• On the desktop, double-click Recycle Bin.

Do one of the following:• To restore a file, right-click it, and then click Restore.• To restore all of the files, on the toolbar, click Restore all items.• The files will be restored to their original location on the computer.


Board of Studies


Recycle Bin – Permanent Deletion

• To permanently remove files from the computer and reclaim any hard disk space they were using, the user need to permanently delete files from the Recycle Bin. The user can choose to delete individual files from the Recycle Bin or empty the entire Recycle Bin at once.

• Click to open Recycle Bin.• Do one of the following:

• To delete one file, click it, and then press DELETE.• To delete all of the files, on the toolbar, click Empty the Recycle Bin.

Tips• To empty the Recycle Bin without opening it, right-click the Recycle Bin, and

then click Empty Recycle Bin.• To permanently delete a file from the computer without first sending it to the

Recycle Bin, click the file, and then press SHIFT+DELETE.


Board of Studies


Recycle Bin – Changing Settings

• The user can change the settings of the Recycle Bin to suit the way they work. For example, if the user rarely empty the Recycle Bin because they want to avoid discarding files they might someday want to recover, they can increase the maximum storage size of the Recycle Bin. The user can also turn off the delete confirmation dialog box that appears every time the user send files to the Recycle Bin, or even choose not to move files to the Recycle Bin and instead immediately remove them from the computer when the user deletes them.

• On the desktop, right-click Recycle Bin, and then click Properties.• Click the General tab, and then do any of the following:

• To set the maximum storage size of the Recycle Bin, enter a number in the Maximum size box, which sets the Recycle Bin's maximum size (measured in megabytes) for the selected Recycle Bin under Recycle Bin Location.

• To turn off the delete confirmation dialog box, clear the Display delete confirmation dialog check box.

• To immediately remove files from the computer when the user deletes them, click Do not move files to the Recycle Bin. If the user do this, their files will always be permanently removed when deleted.


Board of Studies


My Computer• The Computer folder is the place the user can go to access locations such as hard

disk drives, CD or DVD drives, removable media, and network locations that are connected to the computer. The user can also access other devices that might be connected to the computer, such as external hard disks and digital cameras.


Board of Studies


Files• A file is very much like a typed document that the user might find on someone's desk or in a filing cabinet; it's an item that contains a collection of related information. • On a computer, examples of files include text documents, spreadsheets, digital pictures, and even songs. • Every picture the user take with a digital camera, for example, is a separate file, and a music CD might contain a dozen individual song files.• The user’s computer represents files with icons. By looking at a file's icon, they can tell at a glance what kind of file it is. Here are some common file icons:


Board of Studies


Folders• A folder is little more than a container in which the user can store files. If the user put thousands of paper files on someone's desk, it would be virtually impossible to find any particular one when the user will need it. • That's why people often store paper files in folders inside a filing cabinet. • Arranging files into logical groups makes it easy to locate any particular file.• Folders on the computer work exactly the same way. • Not only do folders hold files, but they also can hold other folders. A folder within a

folder is usually called a subfolder. • The user can create any number of subfolders, and each can hold any number of files and additional subfolders.


Board of Studies


Organizing Files & Folders• Windows comes with a handful of common folders that the user can use as anchors to begin organizing your files. Here's a list of some of the most common folders the user can store their files and folders in as follows:-

Documents: Use this folder to store word-processing files, spreadsheets, presentations, and other business-oriented files.

Pictures: Use this folder to store all of digital pictures, whether the user gets them from your camera, scanner, or in e‑mail from other people.

Music: Use this folder to store all of digital music, such as songs that the user copy from an audio CD or download from the Internet.

Videos: Use this folder to store videos, such as clips from the user’s digital camera, camcorder, or video files that the user downloaded from the Internet.

Downloads: Use this folder to store files and programs that the user downloaded from the web.


Board of Studies


Parts of Folders• When the user open a folder on the desktop, a folder window appears. • In addition to showing the contents of the folder, a folder window has a variety of parts that are designed to help the user navigate around Windows or work with files and folders more easily.


Board of Studies


Viewing Files in Folder

• When the user open a folder and see their files, they might prefer larger (or smaller) icons, or an arrangement that lets the user see different kinds of information about each file. To make these kinds of changes, use the Views button in the toolbar.• Each time the user click the Views button, the folder window changes the way it displays their file and folder icons, alternating between large icons, a smaller icon view called Tiles, and a view called Details that shows several columns of information about the file. • If the user click the arrow next to the Views button, they have even more choices. Drag the slider up or down to fine-tune the size of the file and folder icons. The user can see the icons change size as they move the slider.


Board of Studies


Selecting Multiple Files/Folder• Move the mouse pointer to the upper left just outside of the top and left-most object

the user wants to select. Holding down the left mouse button, drag the mouse to include the other object they want to select. All of the included objects will now be selected and can be deleted, copied or moved to a new location.


Board of Studies


Selecting Multiple Files/Folder

• Click the first object and

press the CTRL key while clicking the remaining objects the user want to select. All of the included objects will now be selected and can be deleted, copied or moved to a new location. • If the user is in Task View, as in the image to

the right, they can choose one of the options in the File and Folder Task pane to perform the operation.


Board of Studies


Copying/Moving Files & Folder• Right click on the folder / select Copy from the context menu. / Open another folder an right click any open space in the window and

select Paste from the context menu that appears. • Highlight the folder and with the right mouse button held down, drag the folder to a new location. Select either Move or Copy from the context menu. • Use the Task Pane options

• With Windows Explorer open the user can see many folders at the same time which makes copying or moving files or folders easier. • Use keyboard commands to Copy and Paste folders or files. The CTRL key and the letter C will copy a file and the CTRL key and the letter V will paste the file in a new location. Highlight the file and then press CTRL C together. Move to a new location and press CTRL V together and the file has been copied.


Board of Studies


Opening Files & Folder

• Open the folder of choice.• Locate the file or folder user wishes to open.• Double click the file or folder to open it.


Board of Studies


Create Folder on Desktop

• Right Click on the desktop.

• Choose New Folder

• Rename the folder as per choice.


Board of Studies


Create Folder Inside a Folder

• Open Folder where the user wants to create another folder.


Board of Studies


Create Folder

• Click Organize and Choose New Folder.


Board of Studies


Create Folder

• Rename the new folder as per the choice.


Board of Studies


Saving a File

• On the File menu of the program the user is working in, click Save.

• If the user haven't saved their file before, type a name for the file in

File name. • To save a copy of a file

under a different name or in a different location, on the File menu, click Save As.

• Click the Save in arrow to find the drive or folder where the user want to save the file, and then type the new name in the File name box.


Board of Studies


Deleting a File or Folder• Open the folder from where the user wishes to delete a file or folder.

• Locate the file or folder which the user wishes to delete.

• Press Delete Button (Keyboard) / Right Click Delete.

• Click Yes to delete. No to cancel deletion process.


Board of Studies


Renaming a File or Folder

• Right click on the file / folder.

• Select Rename from the context menu.

• Give the file / folder a new name.


Board of Studies


The Control Panel• The Control Panel is a set of Utilities that lets the user easily control many of the

functions of the computer. • Windows XP offer the user two ways to view and use the Control Panels:-

Classic View and Category View


Board of Studies


Control Panel – User Account

• This control panel covers the area of adding new user to the computer, assigning passwords, and setting user permissions and rights. The User Accounts Window may look like the image to the right or the two images at the top of the next page


Board of Studies




Board of Studies




Board of Studies


Control Panel – Power Option

• This control panel allows the user to set the time limit before the monitor or disk drives shut down to save on

power. This is most helpful with laptop computers.


Board of Studies


Control Panel – Add Remove Programs

• Using this control panel is the recommended method to remove a program from the computer. When a program is installed it puts information in many locations on the computer. The only complete way to remove all of that information in all the locations is with this control panel.


Board of Studies


Control Panel – Date / Time

• Correct time is important

as many computer programs rely on the system time to function accurately. This control panels set the Date and Time.


Board of Studies


Control Panel – Internet Option

• This control panel helps configure the way the Internet Browser functions.


Board of Studies


Control Panel – Printer / Fax• This control panels allows the user to add and configure printers as well as troubleshoot print problems.


Board of Studies


Control Panel – Printer / Fax

• This control panel give the user access to system management tools.