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It’s All About Waves
Section 1
This powerpoint presentation requires Windows XP
Slide 1
What do all of these images have in common?
Slide 2
They all contain a wave!!!
water light
sound
microwave
radioSlide 3
So what is a wave????
A wave is any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space.
Slide 4
So what is a wave????
Click here to answer the next few questions on your worksheet.
Slide 5
How????
Some waves transfer energy by vibration….
Draw the movement of a vibration on your paper.Slide 6
How????How????
Waves that transfer energy by vibration require a medium.
Slide 7
How????How????
Slide 8
Solid
The medium can be in one of three forms.
Liquid
Gas
Waves that require a medium are called:
Mechanical waves
Name two example of waves that require a medium.Click again for a hint. Slide 9
Waves that do not require a medium are called:
Electromagnetic waves
Name five example of waves that don’t require a medium.Hint-click on the next page.
Slide 10
Electromagnetic waves
Need help? Click enter to show the boxes.
Slide 11
Electromagnetic waves
All electromagnetic waves are transverse waves.
Slide 12
Section 2
Slide 13
Click here to answer the questions on your worksheet for Slide 14.
What are sound waves?
Slide 14
Use the chart on the following pages to answer this question.
Does the medium affect the speed of sound?
Slide 15
Altitude = Feet above sea levelMPH = miles per hour, the larger the mph, the faster
the sound travels.
ALTITUDE (ft) ALTITUDE (m) TEMP. (c) MPH KNOTS KM/H
0 (sea level) 0 (sea level) 15 761.6 660 1,223
10,000 3,281 -4.8 734.9 638 1,182
15,000 4,921 -14.7 721.2 627 1,161
20,000 6,562 -24.6 707.3 614 1,138
25,000 8,202 -34.5 693.1 602 1,116
30,000 9,843 -44.4 678.5 590 1,093
35,000 11,483 -54.3 663.7 577 1,069
40,000 13,213 (-60?) 659.7 572.6 1,061
At 20,000 ft above sea level, how fast does sound travel (in mph)?
Slide 16
Chart taken from: http://home.iae.nl/users/wbergmns/jetmach1.htm
Altitude = # of feet/meters above sea levelMPH = miles per hour, the larger the mph, the faster the
sound travels.
ALTITUDE (ft) ALTITUDE (m) TEMP. (c) MPH KNOTS KM/H
0 (sea level) 0 (sea level) 15 761.6 660 1,223
10,000 3,281 -4.8 734.9 638 1,182
15,000 4,921 -14.7 721.2 627 1,161
20,000 6,562 -24.6 707.3 614 1,138
25,000 8,202 -34.5 693.1 602 1,116
30,000 9,843 -44.4 678.5 590 1,093
35,000 11,483 -54.3 663.7 577 1,069
40,000 13,213 (-60?) 659.7 572.6 1,061
1. Does sound travel faster at 30,000 ft above sea level or 10,000 ft above sea level?
Slide 17
Chart taken from: http://home.iae.nl/users/wbergmns/jetmach1.htm
Altitude = # of feet/meters above sea levelMPH = miles per hour, the larger the mph, the faster the
sound travels.
ALTITUDE (ft) ALTITUDE (m) TEMP. (c) MPH KNOTS KM/H
0 (sea level) 0 (sea level) 15 761.6 660 1,223
10,000 3,281 -4.8 734.9 638 1,182
15,000 4,921 -14.7 721.2 627 1,161
20,000 6,562 -24.6 707.3 614 1,138
25,000 8,202 -34.5 693.1 602 1,116
30,000 9,843 -44.4 678.5 590 1,093
35,000 11,483 -54.3 663.7 577 1,069
40,000 13,213 (-60?) 659.7 572.6 1,061
1. This chart is measuring the speed of sound in what type of medium? Solid, Liquid, or Gas
Slide 18
Chart taken from: http://home.iae.nl/users/wbergmns/jetmach1.htm
Altitude = # of feet/meters above sea levelMPH = miles per hour, the larger the mph, the faster the
sound travels.
ALTITUDE (ft) ALTITUDE (m) TEMP. (c) MPH KNOTS KM/H
0 (sea level) 0 (sea level) 15 761.6 660 1,223
10,000 3,281 -4.8 734.9 638 1,182
15,000 4,921 -14.7 721.2 627 1,161
20,000 6,562 -24.6 707.3 614 1,138
25,000 8,202 -34.5 693.1 602 1,116
30,000 9,843 -44.4 678.5 590 1,093
35,000 11,483 -54.3 663.7 577 1,069
40,000 13,213 (-60?) 659.7 572.6 1,061
1. Does the temperature increase or decrease as the altitude rises?
Slide 19
Chart taken from: http://home.iae.nl/users/wbergmns/jetmach1.htm
1. What is the speed of sound in water?
Medium Temperature (°C)
Speed (m/s)
Air 0°C 331 m/s
Air 20°C 343 m/s
Air 60°C 366 m/s
Water 20°C 1,482 m/s
Steel 20°C 5,200 m/s
Slide 20
How Fast Does Sound Travel?
1. Does sound travel faster in a solid medium or a gaseous medium?
Slide 21
Medium Temperature (°C)
Speed (m/s)
Air 0°C 331 m/s
Air 20°C 343 m/s
Air 60°C 366 m/s
Water 20°C 1,482 m/s
Steel 20°C 5,200 m/s
How Fast Does Sound Travel?
1. There are three different temperatures listed for air. Given this information, do you think that the speed of sound would be the same or different for hot water and cold water? Explain your answer.
How Fast Does Sound Travel?
Slide 22
Medium Temperature (°C)
Speed (m/s)
Air 0°C 331 m/s
Air 20°C 343 m/s
Air 60°C 366 m/s
Water 20°C 1,482 m/s
Steel 20°C 5,200 m/s
Section 3
Slide 23
Sir Isaac Newton
Source: NASA
Newton was interested in the Newton was interested in the properties of light.properties of light.
In 1666, he designed an experiment In 1666, he designed an experiment in which he took two prisms and in which he took two prisms and flashed two rainbows on the wall flashed two rainbows on the wall using sunlight. He then moved the using sunlight. He then moved the prisms until they were on top of prisms until they were on top of each other. The result was white light.each other. The result was white light.
Newton led the way for all other scientists to study light Newton led the way for all other scientists to study light and the electromagnetic spectrum.and the electromagnetic spectrum.
3R-46.0 Slide 24
Magnetic Energy Wave
Electric Energy Wave
Light Wave
What is light? Light can be thought of as
a wave of electric and magnetic energy. Hence, it is called an electromagnetic wave.
The two forms of energy flow perpendicular to each other.
Light waves are waves of energy that can vary in size and shape.
3R-42.0 Slide 25
Click here to answer questions 24-26 on your worksheet.
Slide 26
Light Waves
Slide 27
Where do you think the light beam is the brightest?
A or B
Why?
Click to the next slide to find out…
Slide 28
Light waves transfer energy.
LIGHT ABSORPTIONWhen you shine a light.
As the light beam travels, some of the energy is absorbed by air particles.
The energy extends out.
Slide 29
But wait! There is another reason!
Slide 30
Air particles can release some of that energy that they had absorbed.
LIGHT SCATTERINGWhen you shine a light.
BUT
Light waves transfer energy to air particles.
When the light is released it scatters.
This scattering lets you see light outside the light beam, but it is dim because the light has been scattered.
Slide 31
READY FOR AN OPTICAL ILLUSION?
Slide 32
If you shine a light into a tank of water, what happens to the light beams when they hit the water?
a. The light beam bends
b. The light beams stays straight
Click for your choices Slide 33
RR FF AA TT OOEE RR CC II NN
What is this called?
Slide 34
RR FF AA TT OOEE RR CC II NN
In this example, the light wave is moving through two mediums, what are they?
a. Solid and gas c. Gas and solidb. Solid and solid d. Gas and liquid
Slide 35
Why does the light bend?
This side of the light
wave keeps going at its same speed.
This side of the light wave slows down when it hits the glass.
When the light moves from one medium to another, such as from air to glass, it slows down.
When the light hits the glass at an angle, the waves that hit first slow down first.
The waves that don’t hit the glass first are still going at their same, fast speed until they hit the glass.3R-48.0 Slide 36
Click here and view the broken pencil activity. Draw a picture to describe what you see when you place a pencil in water.
RR FF AA TT OOEE RR CC II NN
1. Middle of the cup
2. To the left of the cup of water
3. To the far side of the cup water
Slide 37
LIGHT INTERACTS WITH MATTER 3 DIFFERENT
WAYS
Slide 38
REFLECTION
Slide 39
ABSORPTION
Slide 40
TRANSMISSION
Transmission is the passing of light through matter.
So….is light transmitted through a window
Slide 41
TRANSMISSION
If light is transmitted through an object it is said to be transparent.
Transparent objects could be air, water, and clear glass.
Slide 42
TRANSMISSIONIf light the is transmitted and scattered it
is said to be translucent.
This shower door is an example of a translucent object.
Slide 43
TRANSMISSIONIf light is not transmitted through the
object, it is said to be opaque.
Light can’t go through the books
Or through this wall
Slide 44