it VII - NEET 2020 PREPARATION | NEET EXAM | NTA NEET€¦ · (A) Translation begins when mRNA attaches to small subunit of ribosome (B) Peptidase catalyses formation of peptide bond

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Unit VII- Genetics & Evolution

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Recognise the figure and find out the

correct matching

(A) a-Ser, b-Tyr, f-tRNA, c-mRNA,

d-codon, e-anticodon

(B) a-Ser, b-Tyr, c-tRNA, f-mRNA,

e- codon, d-anticodon

(C) b-Ser, a-Tyr, c-tRNA, f-mRNA,

e- codon, d-anticodon

(D) b-Ser, a-Tyr, f-tRNA, c-mRNA,

e-codon, d-anticodon.

c

d

e f

U C A A U G

A G U U A C

a b

5’ 3’

I

V

IVIII

II

02



tRNA has the function of

(A) Transcription

(B) Adapter for attaching amino acids over mRNA

template

(C) Transferring information to mRNA

(D) Carry genetic code to cytoplasm.

03



Aminoacylation of tRNA is essential for

(A) Replication of RNA

(B) Formation of peptide bond

(C) Splicing

(D) Initiation of transcription

04



Select correct statement about protein synthesis

(A) Translation begins when mRNA attaches to small

subunit of ribosome

(B) Peptidase catalyses formation of peptide bond

(C) UTRs are present between start and stop codons

(D) At the end of translation, release factor binds to

initiation codon.

05



Which codon does not have tRNA

(A) Start codon

(B) Stop codon

(C) AUG

(D) GGG.

06



Amino acid binding site of tRNA is

(A) 5' end

(B) Anticodon loop

(C) DHU loop

(D) -CCA3' end.

07



Which is the site of translation of mRNA

(A) Nucleus

(B) Nucleolus

(C) Golgi body

(D) Ribosomes

08



Sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is determined

by

(A) rRNA

(B) mRNA

(C) tRNA

(D) snRNA.

09



What does the following signify ?

Amino acid + ATPAminoacyl AMP + PPi

(A) Chain termination

(B) Activation of amino acids

(C) Elongation of chain

(D) None of the above.

10



mRNA directs building of protein through the sequence

of

(A) Introns

(B) Exons

(C) Anticodons

(D) Codons.

11



The following figure shows the process of

(A) Transcription

(B) Translation

(C) Replication

(D) Central dogma. C U C U U G G G U C G UC UA U C U AA UA CC

5’ 3’

C G T C A A

tRNA tRNA

UU

A

Asn

A

GG

tRNA tRNA

12



Anticodon present on tRNA complementary to initiator

codon AUG of mRNA is

(A) CAU

(B) GUA

(C) TAC

(D) UAC

13



A segment of DNA, AGCTTCGAA, has lost first base.

Assuming that translation starts from the next base the

effect would be

(A) No change in polypeptide form

(B) Only first amino acid will be different

(C) A complete change in type & sequence of amino acids

(D) Last amino acid of polypeptide will be different

14



Coding segment of DNA contains CAC. Which amino acid

is picked up during translation

(A) Leucine

(B) Glutamic acid

(C) Valine

(D) Methionine

15



In bacteria formation of peptide bond during translation

is effected by

(A) Peroxisomes

(B) Lysosomes

(C) Ribozyme

(D) Nucleosome

16



Which of the following has no tRNA

(A) UAU

(B) UAA

(C) UGU

(D) UGG.

17



A sequence of three bases on tRNA which binds to

mRNA codon is

(A) NODOC

(B) Nonsense codon

(C) Anticodon

(D) Both A and C.

18



What is wrong about protein synthesis

(A) Only one strand of DNA acts as template for mRNA

synthesis

(B) DNA polymerase mediates mRNA synthesis

(C) mRNA passes into cytoplasm and gets attached to

30S ribosomal subunit

(D) tRNA bring amino acids one by one.

19



Amino acid sequence in protein synthesis is determined

by sequence of

(A) rRNA

(B) t RNA

(C) m RNA

(D) c DNA

20



Portion of gene which is transcribed but not translated is

(A) Exon

(B) Intron

(C) Cistron

(D) Codon.

21



Which one is correct matching RNA

(A) Anticodon-Site of tRNA having complementary bases

to a codon of

(B) Transcription- Synthesis of protein

(C) Ribosomal RNA-Carries amino acid to site of protein

synthesis

(D) Translation-Process of mRNA carrying information

from nucleus to ribosome.

22



Polyribosomes are formed when ribosomes are connected

by

(A) rRNA

(B) mRNA

(C) tRNA

(D) All of the above.

23



Enzyme catalysing synthesis of RNA over DNA template

is

(A) DNA polymerase

(B) RNA polymerase

(C) Reverse transcriptase

(D) Endonuclease.

24



The processes by which DNA forms mRNA and mRNA

forms protein are respectively

(A) Translation and transcription

(B) Transcription and replication

(C) Transcription and translation

(D) Replication and translation.

25



RNA that picks up specific amino acid from amino acid

pool of cytoplasm to carry it to ribosome during protein

synthesis is

(A) tRNA

(B) mRNA

(C) rRNA

(D) hnRNA.

26



tRNA takes part in

(A) Transfer of genetic code to cytoplasm

(B) Carry amino acids to ribosomes

(C) Collection of RNA in ribosome

(D) Copy the genetic code from DNA in nucleus.

27



Lac operon is turned on when allolactose binds to

(A) Operator gene

(B) mRNA

(C) Repressor protein

(D) Promoter site.

28



Environmental agent triggering transcription from an

operon is

(A) Inducer

(B) Regulator

(C) Repressor

(D) Controlling factor.

29



Genes regulate growth and differentiation through

(A) Transcription and translation

(B) Transduction and translation

(C) Transformation

(D) Translation.

30



In operon model, regulator gene functions as

(A) Repressor

(B) Regulator

(C) Inhibitor


31



Operon contains

(A) Operator and regulator genes

(B) Operator and structural genes

(C) Operator and regulator genes, and repressor

(D) Operator gene, regulator gene, repressor, structural

genes and promoter gene.

32



In Escherichia coli, the product of i gene combines with

(A) Operator gene to switch off structural genes

(B) Inducer gene to switch off structural genes

(C) Operator gene to switch on structural genes

(D) Regulator gene to switch off structural genes.

33



Operon is

(A) Sequence of three nitrogen bases determining single

amino acid

(B) A set of closely placed genes regulating a metabolic

pathway in prokaryotes

(C) Segment of DNA specifying a polypeptide

(D) Gene responsible for switching on and switching off

of other genes.

34



Match the columns and choose the correct option

Column I Column II

1. Taylor & colleagues a. Lac operon

2. Hershey and Chase b. DNA replicates semi-conservatively

3. Griffith c. Transforming principle

4. Jacob and Monod d. DNA is genetic material

e. Transcription

(A) 1-b, 2-e, 3-a, 4-c (B) 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a

(C) 1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a (D) 1-a, 2-e, 3-d, 4-b

35



Lac operon concept was proposed by

(A) Jacob and Monod in 1961

(B) Jacob and Monod in 1969

(C) Watson and Crick in 1953

(D) Watson and Crick in 1963.

36



Escherichia coli growing on medium having glucose is

transferred to lactose containing medium. Which change

occurs

(A) Lac operon is induced

(B) Lac operon is suppressed

(C) All operons are induced

(D) The bacterium stops dividing.

37



In lac-operon, repressor protein binds to

(A) Regulator gene

(B) Operator gene

(C) Promoter gene

(D) Structural gene.

38



A gene of operon which forms the repressor protein is

(A) Operator

(B) Promoter

(C) Regulator

(D) Structural

39



Operon model of gene regulation and organisation of

procaryotes was proposed by

(A) Messelson and Franklin

(B) Wilkins and Franklin

(C) Beadle and Tatum

(D) Jacob and Monod.

40



Sequence of structural genes of lac operon is

(A) y, z, a

(B) z, y, a

(C) a, y, z

(D) a, z, y.

41



What is correct gene expression pathway

(A) Gene – mRNA

(B) Transcription– gene – translation – mRNA – protein

(C) Gene – transcription – mRNA – translation – protein

(D) Gene – translation – mRNA – transcription – protein

42



Lac operon ‘inducer lactose’ serves as substrate for

enzyme

(A) Transacetylase

(B) Permease

(C) b-galactosidase

(D) Endonuclease

43



In lac operon model, lactose functions as

(A) Inducer that binds to operator gene

(B) Repressor that binds to operator gene

(C) Inducer that binds to repressor protein

(D) Corepressor that binds to repressor protein.

44



Choose the wrong statement regarding the observation

drawn from Human Genome Project is

(A) Repetitive sequences are stretches of RNA

(B) Less than 2% of the genome codes for protein

(C) Chromosome 'Y' has the fewest number of genes

(D) SNPs help in tracing human history.

45



Coenorhabditis elegans is

(A) Free-living

(B) Non-pathogenic

(C) Nematode


46



Many non-humans model organisms have also been

sequenced along with the human genome, these are

(A) Bacteria and yeast

(B) Plants (rice and Arabidopsis)

(C) Fruitfly and Coenohabditis (nematode)

(D) All of the above

47



The application of genetic engineering is in the field of

(A) Forensic science

(B) Genetic biodiversity

(C) Evolutionary biology


48



Most number of genes are located on chromosome

(A) 1

(B) 6

(C) X

(D) Y.

49



Automated–DNA sequencers is based or method developed

by

(A) Erwin Chargaff

(B) Maurice Wilkins

(C) Francis Crick

(D) Frederick Sanger.

50



Match the columns I and II, and choose the correct combination

from the options given

Column I Column II

a. Hershey and Chase experiment 1. 1928

b. Taylor's experiment 2. 1952

c. Meselson and Stahl experiment 3. 1958

d. Transforming Principle 4. 1990

e. Human Genome Project launching 5. 1953

(A) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-5, e-4 (B) a-2, b-3, c-5, d-1, e-4

(C) a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1, e-5 (D) a-2, b-3, c-3, d-1, e-4.

51



Single base DNA differences are called

(A) VNTR

(B) SCP

(C) SNPs

(D) Expressed sequence tags.

52



Haploid content of human DNA is

(A) 1.65 × 109 bp

(B) 3.1 – 3.3 × 109 bp

(C) 4.6 × 106 bp

(D) 3.3 × 109 kbp.

53



Find the wrongly matched pair

(A) Hargobind Khorana-Synthesised RNA molecules chemically

(B) George Gamow-Codon in triplet

(C) Meselson and Stahl-Regulation of gene expression

(D) Alec Jeffreys-DNA fingerprinting.

54



If an inheritable mutation is observed in a population

at high frequency, it is referred as

(A) DNA polymorphism

(B) Expressed sequence tag

(C) Sequence annonation

(D) Linkage.

55



The VNTR belongs to a class of satellite DNA reffered

to as

(A) Repetitive DNA

(B) Mega-Satellite

(C) Mini-Satellite

(D) Micro-Satellite.

56



Matching DNA sequence of criminal with suspect is

known as

(A) DNA fingerprinting

(B) DNA amplification

(C) Gene mapping

(D) DNA resolution

57



One of the following is major requirement for DNA

fingerprinting

(A) Electron microscopy

(B) Electrophoresis

(C) ELISA

(D) HPLC.

58



Which is an example of highly repetitive DNA

(A) Alu elements

(B) Histone gene cluster

(C) Dispersed DNA

(D) DNA minisatellite.

59



Blood stain component to be used for DNA profiling

technique is

(A) Serum

(B) Leucocytes

(C) Platelets

(D) Erythrocytes.

60



Which is useful in solving parental disputes

(A) Hybridoma technology

(B) DNA Fingerprinting

(C) Western blotting

(D) ELISA.

61



Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes could be

exerted at

a. Transcriptional level (formation of primary transcript)

b Processing level (regulation of splicing)

c. Transport of mRNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm

d. Translational level

(A) a, b and c (B) b, c and d

(C) a, c and d (D) a, b, c and d

62



In prokaryotes, the predominant site (or primary step)

of control of gene expression is at

(A) Control of rate of transcriptional initiation.

(B) Control of rate of translational initiation.

(C) Control of rate of initiation of replication

(D) Processing level.

63



Which of the following events would occur in 'Lac-operon of E. coli

when growth medium has high concentration of lactose

(A) Structural genes fail to produce polycistronic mRNA

(B) Repressor protein binds to RNA polymerase and prevents q

translation

(C) Repressor protein attaches to the promoter sequence and

represses the operator

(D) Inducer molecule binds to repressor protein and RNA

polymerase binds to promoter sequence.

64



Escherichia coli with mutated z gene of lac operon cannot grow in

medium containing only lactose as the source of energy because

(A) Lac operon is constitutively active in these cells

(B) They cannot synthesise functional beta- galactosidase

(C) In the presence of glucose, Escherichia coli cannot utilise lactose

(D) The bactetium cannot transport lactose from the medium into

the cell.

65



In lac operon genes a, i, y and z code for

(A) Repressor protein, permease, b-galactosidase, transacetylase

(B) Trsnsacetylase, repressor protein, permase, b-galactosidase

(C) Trsnsacetylsse, permease, b-galactosidase, repressor protein

(D) Permease , transacetylase, repressor protin, b-galactosidase.

66



Sequencing the whole set of genome that contained all

the coding and non coding sequence and later assigning

different region in the sequence with functions are

referred to as

(A) Expressed Tags (B) Sequence Annotation

(C) ESTs (D) SNPs.

67



Repetitive DNA are seperated from bulk genomic DNA

as different peak during density gradient centrifugation.

The bulk DNA forms a major peaks and the other small

peaks are referred to as

(A) Repetitive DNA (B) SNPs (Snips)

(C) Taq-DNA (D) Satellite DNA

68



Largest gene in humans is

(A) Dystrophin

(B) Insulin gene

(C) Oncogene

(D) Huntingtin.

69



Select the correct sequences of steps in DNA fingerprinting involving

Southern blot hybridisation using radiolabelled VNTR as proble

I. Hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe.

II. Isolation of DNA

III. Transferring (blotting) of separated DNA fragments to synthetic

membranes, such as nitrocellulose or nylon.

IV. Detection of hybridisation DNA fragments by autoradiography.

V. Separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis.

VI. Digestion of DNA by restriction endonucleases

(A) I, V, VI, II, III and IV (B) II, VI, V, III, I and IV

(C) V, I, VI, III, IV and II (D) II, I, V, VI, IV and III.

70



Which is incorrect about DNA polymorphism

(A) The two alleles of a chromosome contain different copy

numbers of VNTR

(B) Different chromosomes contains different copy number of

VNTR

(C) Polymorphisms are inheritable from parents to children

(D) DNA from different tissue from an individual shows the

different degree of polymorphism.

71



Transfer of DNA bands from agarose gel to nitrocellulose

or nylon membrane is

(A) Southern transfer

(B) Western transfer

(C) Northern transfer

(D) Eastern transfer

72



Which cannot be used for DNA fingerprinting in humans

(A) Leucocytes

(B) Erythrocytes/RBCs

(C) Hair bulbs

(D) Sperms.

73



DNA fingerprinting technique was developed by

(A) Jeffreys et al

(B) Schleiden and Schwann

(C) Boysen and Jensen

(D) Edwards and Steptoe

74



The probe used initially by Alec Jaffrey during development

of DNA fingerprinting was

(A) Ribozyme

(B) SAT chromosomes

(C) VNTR

(D) rDNA.

75



DNA fingerprinting in forensic science was pioneered

in India by

(A) Lalji Singh

(B) H.G. Khorana

(C) J.C. Bose

(D) M.S. Swaminathan.

Documents

it VII - NEET 2020 PREPARATION | NEET EXAM | NTA NEET€¦ · (A) Translation begins when mRNA attaches to small subunit of ribosome (B) Peptidase catalyses formation of peptide bond