Welcome to Anatomy and Physiology

Mr. Robertson

Biology Professor

Delta College

Introduction To Anatomy and Physiology

Don’t get scared and run away!

It Gets Easier!

What Is Anatomy and Physiology?

●Anatomy - The Actual Body Parts (or Parts is Parts)

●Physiology - How the Parts Function, Both Alone and as a Unit

● Integration of Those Two Concepts!

Feedback Loops in Physiology

●Negative Feedback ● More common system

● Includes body temperature, blood glucose, blood calcium, etc.

●Positive Feedback ● Very rare system

● Includes child birth and blood clotting

Body Regions

● Torso (life support organs)

●Extremities (5 fetal; 2 upper/2 lower and tail)

●General Regions (ex: cephalic, thoracic, etc.)

● Specific (ex: optic, pubic, otic, acromial, popliteal, etc.)

●Origins of the Terms (ex: mental, plantar, manual, patellar, brachial, etc.)

Planes Of Dissection

●Sagittal (Midsagittal versus Parasagittal)

●Frontal (or Coronal)

●Horizontal (or Transverse)

●Oblique (angled)

Body Cavities

●Cranial and Vertebral (with CSF and 3 meninges - tough dura mater, web-like arachnoid, and weak pia mater)

●Pleural (visceral/parietal layers)

●Pericardial (visceral/parietal layers)

●Peritoneal (visceral/parietal layers)

Abdominal Quadrants (entire torso)

●Left Upper Quadrant (left lung, heart, pancreas, liver lobe, etc.)

●Left Lower Quadrant (descending colon, spleen, kidney, etc.)

●Right Upper Quadrant (right lung, liver lobe, gall bladder, etc.)

●Right Lower Quadrant (ascending colon, kidney, appendix, etc.)

Abdominal Regions (below diaphragm)

●Hypochondriac (L/R) Region●Lumbar (L/R) Region●Iliac (L/R) Region●Epigastric Region●Umbilical Region●Hypogastric Region

●Medial versus Lateral●Superior versus Inferior

(or Cranial versus Caudal)

●Anterior versus Posterior (or Ventral versus Dorsal)

●Superficial versus Deep●Proximal versus Distal

(used on the limbs only)

Directional Nomenclature

Potential Journal Critique Topics?

Meningitis?Peritonitis?Pleurisy?Pericarditis?Appendectomy?Cholecystectomy?Caesarean Section?