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IT inBuilding
Automation
2011 – 2012
Semester – III
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
GAUTAM BUDDHA UNIVERSITY
By:Abhishek Singh (10/ICE/007)Devyani Tewatia (10/ICE/019)Prateek Roshan (10/ICE/033)Rachit Saxena (10/ICE/035)Vikrant Rana (10/ICE/060)
SUBJECT: IT APPLICATIONS IN CE
We are grateful to Dr.Vanita Ahuja for their guidance throughout this project which has been a very educationally enlightening experience for us.
Acknowledgement
To understand that technology and systems in buildings are simply enabler and means to an end.
To understand both in qualitative and quantitative terms the impact of building automation in providing safe and healthy spaces for occupants and visitors.
To understand these are not just operating technologies, rather provide an energy efficient and sustainable environment.
OBJECTIVE
Understand the concept of automation and it’s
overall impact on building performance
Study of various technologies used
as building services
Case study of GBU campus –
technologies listed in the campus
Formation of tablesAnalysis of services
Conclusions
METHODOLOGY
Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to reduce the need for human work in the production of goods and services.
Building automation describes the functionality provided by the control system of a building.
INTRODUCTION
Makes building smart
Saves energy
Improves security
Saves money
Helps in keeping Earth green
NEED OF BUILDING AUTOMATION
Makes life easier and comfortable
Use of lesser resources
Reduces human effort
When technology combines with automation :
Electricity
controls
Street light
controls
HVAC control
s
Fire controls
Access control
s
Security/ surveilla
nce
Digital
signage
What Is Included in Building Automation System?
UNDERSTANDING
VARIOUS BUILDING
SERVICES
A control system is a device or set of devices to manage, command, direct or regulate the behavior of other devices or systems.
CONTROL SYSTEM
Building Automation describes the functionality provided by the control systems of a building.
The control system is a computerized, intelligent network of electronic devices, designed to monitor and control the mechanical and lighting systems of a building.
The BAS functionality reduces building energy and maintenance costs when compared to a non-controlled building.
During any device failures or disruption provides e-mail and/or notifications to building engineering staff.
Occupancy is one of 2 or more operating modes for a building automation system:
-Occupied-Morning Warmup, and-Night-time setback are other common
modes.
Occupancy
OCCUPANCY SENSORSOccupancy sensors are indoor controls that
detect activity within an area.They provide convenience by turning the
lights on and off as per the occupancy of the room.
It also helps in providing adequate lighting and maintain adequate temperature.
Infrared Occupancy Sensor: They detect temperature changes in a room and perform better where the entire room is within the sensor’s field of view.
Ultrasonic Occupancy Sensor: They use high frequency sound to detect motion even around
corners.
Dual Technology Sensors: They use both infrared and ultrasonic methods, increasing accuracy and flexibility,
but are available at a higher cost.
Types of Occupancy Sensors:
WORKING OF AN OCCUPANCY SENSOR
Lighting control systems provide the ability to automatically power a device based on:
Chronological time (time of day)Astronomical time (sunrise/sunset)Room or outdoor space occupancy (motion
sensors)Presence of daylight (lighting costs and energy
conservation, and daylight harvesting)EventsAlarm conditions
LIGHTING CONTROLS
LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEM
WORKING OF LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEM
On occasions street lights are turned on before it gets dark, and switched off an hour or more after it gets light.
Photo sensors switches, switch on street lights when it gets dark and switches the street lights off when there is light.
STREET LIGHT CONTROL
HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning) refers to technology of indoor or automotive environmental comfort.
Safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with temperature and humidity, as well as "fresh air" from outdoors.
HVAC CONTROLS
Status alarms : If a mechanical device like a pump is requested to start, and the status input indicates it is off. This can indicate a mechanical failure.
Refrigerant sensors : it can be used to indicate a possible refrigerant leak.
Current sensors: it can be used to detect low or high current conditions.
First-out alarm : it is the first of a series. During automatic trip or shutdown of equipment, where many alarms will annunciate. It will clearly identify the root cause of the trip.
ALARMS
STATUS ALARMSREFRIGERANT
SENSORS
CURRENT SENSORS FIRE ALARMS
Fire alarm system : it detect the unwanted presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes associated with combustion.
Smoke alarm system : if the smoke alarm is activated, all the outside air dampers close to prevent air coming into the building, and an exhaust system can isolate.
SMOKE ALARMS
Burglar alarms : it indicates the opening of a door or window or detect motion via passive infrared (PIR).
CCTV :Closed-circuit television is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.
SECURITY
BURGLAR ALARMS CCTV
FINGERPRINT
FACE RECOGNITI
ON
D.N.A. PALM PRINT
IRIS RECOGNITI
ON
BIOMETRICS
FINGER PRINT
FINGER PRINTREADER
FACE RECOGNITION
DNA PALM PRINT IRIS RECOGNITION
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION
The horizontal transportation may occur on transport floors within a building, or may extend between different building segments or between different buildings.
Vertical transport equipment efficiently moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building.
Room automation is a subset of Building automation and like it, is the consolidation of one or systems under centralized control but in this case in just one room.
ROOM AUTOMATION
CASE STUDY
AUTOMATION IN BUILDINGS CASE STUDY : GBU CAMPUS
BUILDINGSERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVEBLOCK
SCHOOLS LIBRARY
OCCUPANCY SENSORS
NO NO NO
LIGHTING CONTROLS
NO NO NO
STREET LIGHT CONTROL
NO NO NO
HVAC CONTROL YES YES YES
HORIZONTAL TRANSPORTATION
NO NO NO
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION
YES YES YES
DIGITAL SIGNAGE SYSTEM
NO NO NO
BUILDINGSERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVEBLOCK
SCHOOLS LIBRARY
SECURITY
BURGLAR ALARM
NO NO NO
CCTV CAMERA YES YES YES
BIOMETRICS NO NO NO
BUILDINGSERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVEBLOCK
SCHOOLS LIBRARY
ALARMS
STATUS ALARM
NO NO NO
REFRIGERANT SENSORS
NO NO NO
CURRENT SENSORS
NO NO NO
FIRST OUT ALARM
NO NO NO
SMOKE ALARM YES YES YES
FIRE ALARM YES YES YES
CONCLUSIONS
The following building services are available in GBU campus :
HVAC controlsVertical transportationSmoke alarmsFire alarmsCCTV cameras
It is recommended to incorporate the following building services :
Occupancy sensorsStreet light controlFingerprint biometric
The positive effects of the recommended services are as follows :
It will make the campus more user friendly.Also the campus would be more environment
friendly. It helps in reducing the power consumption. It saves money.
THANK YOU..