Thirty-three ISSN 0307 2568

Sussex April 1981

Archreological Edited by Dr Sue Farrant, 36 Brangwyn Drive, Patcham, Brighton BN1 8XDSociety Published by the Society at Barbican House, High Street,Newsletter Lewes

THE NOTICE AND AGENDA OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING TO BE HELD ON SATURDAY, 2nd MAY, 1981 ARE ON PAGE 226. AT 2.45 p.m. PROFESSOR BARRY CUNLIFFE WILL LECTURE ON 'THE BARBARIANS OF ROMAN BRITAIN'.

CONTENTS INCLUDE: Notice of AGM, Annual Report, the new MAP catalogue , Catalogue of the Sharpe Collection of Watercolours. Both catalogues are on special offer for members, properties opening dates, conferences and seminars .

Fernhurst Church in 1805 by Henry Petrie (see be/ow)

THE SHARPE COLLECTION CATALOGUE After its return to this country from Australia, this collection of watercolour drawings of Sussex churches, mainly by Henry Petrie (1768-1842) was purchased for the Sussex Archreological Society in 1975 from a fund formed out of a large initial donation followed by donations and grants from many public and private sources. The entire collection is at Michelham Priory and about 50 drawings at a time are displayed there in the Picture Gallery during each season while the remainder are available for viewing on application to the Hon . Curator at Michelham.

The illustrated Catalogue includes information about the artists and describes each watercolour , giving their dates and references to sources for the history of each church . This catalogue is a useful guide to a valuable pictorial source for local and architectural historians. The watercolours are very attractive and some include buildings and landscape in the vicinity of the churches, and people. The fu II value of the catalog ue is £4.50 but it will be sold at Barbican House to members of SAS for £3.00. Second class unsealed overseas postage and packing is 70p extra. Cheques payable to Sussex Archreological Society should include postage and packing charge if you are not intending to collect. At Michelham copies will be sold at the normal price, £3.50.

MAP CATALOGUE The Society has just published a catalogue of over 500 manuscript maps in its keeping. It has been compiled by the Honorary Curator of Deeds, Mr K. W. Dickens who briefly describes the collection's history in the following extract from the Introduction . 'For well over a hundred years historical manuscripts have been given to or deposited with the Society and these have often included estate maps, sometimes of huge size showing the whole estate of a county magnate, or a simple sketch of a few fields belonging to a yeoman farmer. Early minutes of meetings when members brought their treasures and talked about them before handing them over describe them eloquently but imprecisely as 'many ancient and valuable manuscripts', and leave it at that. It was not until near the end of the last century that any attempt was made to produce an accurate catalogue and this was mainly for books with a few of the 'ancient and valuable' manuscripts thrown in . 'But after the first world war manuscripts poured in and a new honorary office was created to deal exclusively with their care and listing. The first Honorary Curator of Deeds was the Reverend Walter Budgen, FSA, who brought order out of a threatening chaos and set about cataloguing the 20/ 30,000 documents which had by now accumulated. Whenever possible they were calendared with a full description and we must be thankful that this was done with such clarity and accuracy. The maps were also catalogued , sometimes bearing poignant little pencilled notes on the dorse recording their distressing adventures and final rescue . For instance an important Eastbourne map of 1640 was ' repaired after forming the belly of a banjo and played upon for several years' . Another early plan of lands in Warbleton dated 1622 was 'rescued from a dustbin in Lewes 1944'. These were fortunate to survive but how many more must have perished in the great manuscript lampshade era of the 1920s?

'Budgen's map catalogue remained in use with endless additions and amendments until 1977 when, at last, work started on a new one. This was to include the many smaller plans which turn up in collections of title deeds, and sometimes form a marginal part of the deed itself, often remaining enclosed in a bundle of documents never to see the light of day. These had not been listed before. Some a re I ittle works of a rt a nd others just a few lines with rough calculations, but they all help to understand the topography of a district . The huge collection of William Figg's early 19th century working plans would also be combed through for fair copies or plans of particular interest such as harbours, waterways, and the build ing of railways and bridges. This has yielded more than a hundred maps and surveys many of great technical interest and the problem has been to know where to draw the l ine. Figg's output was enormous and hardly an estate in Sussex can have failed to be surveyed by him during the first half of the 19th century. He was a founder member of the Sussex Archreological Society'

The catalogue IS an handbook for all students of Sussex h for many of the maps were not listed in F. W. Steer's two Sussex Record Volumes, 61 and 66. The full details are: K. W.

of manuscriot maps in the SAS Ocassional

,card cover, ISBN 0 90497301 8, to members £1 60) plus

sent post.

STEYNING TOWN WALK 1980 Dr Tim Hudson, the editor of the Victoria

of Sussex led a field afternoon for SAS members in which he examined the eVidence the influences on the topog I

ng This is the second Town Walk published Newsletter. The first one which examines changes in Brighton's 'Old Town' is n Nos. 31 and 32 The editor would be to Ish more walks with maps and illustrations if available.

TOPOGRAPHICAL DEVELOPMENT OF STEYNING by Tim Hudson START AT THE CHURCH. ng is a late Saxon town, first recorded in andln Book(l The modern centre lies % mile south of the original site which was the church, excavation has revealed evidence of Saxon and medieval settlement south and west of the church. The church was rebuilt after the Norman uest; its scale shows the mportance of Its builders, the monks of Fecamp Abbey n Normandy,

the chancel and transepts were demolished in the late 16th and ea 17th centuries. To the north-east THE OLD PR the former vicarage, is the site of the medieval col of secular canons, dissolved c.1260. GATEWICK HOU north of the is an early manorial site; a waterm in front of it, on a site recorded from c.l 200, su rvived u nt ill 878. The stream which turned it debouches into the river Adur north-east of the town, the site of the Saxon port of

ing was apparently a little downstream from here. GO UP CHURCH STREET to Chantry Green, a name

recorded from 1478. Chantry Green House was the house of the medieval priest and

is older tha n its facade House is a fi ne building of c.1740. 'Saxon is clearly not Saxon I Church Street seems to have been origina the chief street of the town, and was ps the 'spine' of a Saxon nned Since it went on to climb the downs a terraceway of Roman date, it is older than the town and was one cause of its . On the left of Church Street is the former GRAMMAR SCHOOL, Brotherhood Hall, another late­medieval building much altered external TURN TO THE LEFT BEFORE THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL, by a which leads down to a stream. This stream and the other a seen flank the low spu the Saxon town, and source of power. FOLLOW TH TURN RIGHT INTO Jarvis Lane; the long use to which this road has been put is shown by the way its surface has been eroded in below the level of the ground on the east side. CONTINUE ALONG JARVIS LANE and note 19th century including the former Methodist of three

with a ment. Beyond it on the same side are the remains of Gates's which was attached to the Three Tuns Inn on the main road below.

TURN RIGHT INTO SPRINGWELL STREET The relative width of this road reflects the fact that markets and fairs were held here until c.1890, as n the other three main streets of the town. In a short distance TURN LEFT INTO DOG LANE; the stream on its side is the same as the second one seen earlier. On the left notice the date stone marking the site of John Stoveld's

which existed here 1692. The presence of the stream made this area one of the two industria quarters of the town; besides the two breweries there were a tannery and a fell premises here in

791 However, this area has now become a reSidential backwater. CONTINUE UP AND TURN LEFT INTO DOG LAN AND FOLLOWTHE GRASS PATH AHEAD, which leads round the back of Newham House into White Horse Lane. Note how the complex architectura of the building, as seen from the rear, is belied 18th century facade In White Horse Lane.

TURN RIGHT INTO WHITE HORSE LANE AND GO INTO THE WHITE HORSE CAR PARK, which has a view of the cross-roads of White Horse Lane/Church Street and S I Street/H Street The latter became the main street of the town us shifting the focus from near the chu after the construction of Bramber

The Stone House to the was mportant, as appa the medieval stone

building In apart from the church, but its function is uncertain. On the corner of Sori I Street is a 'Wealden' house ised

additions.

TURN LEFT ALONG HIGH STR past the C uers nn, first recorded n 1622. High Street has many late~

medieval bui some ised by later facades. Opposite the car note the former TOWN HALL, alias Market House, alias Sessions House - once the centre of Steyni government CROSS HIGH STREET AND FOLLOW LM GROVE LAN which

ht of the Town Hall. Note 19th and 20th century ment a At the foot of the h TURN LEFT INTO TANYARD LAN The residentia

north of this is all of the 20th century, and includes a large estate of council houses. A short waya TanyardLaneontherightlsa overthe more northerly of the town's two streams, which turned Gatewick Mil. There may have been a fulling-mill at this

nt in the 15th century. Other industrial uses further upstream in this second industrial quarter of the town have included the 19th century Breach's tannery, closed c.1 andthe ofc.1860. FOLLOW TANYARD LANE TOWARDS THE HIGH

part of the 19th century tannery ht i In modern

behind the tannery, on the other Side of the stream. At the end of Lane note how High Street ascends to its crossing with Church Street and TURN RIGHT. In a short distance we cross the stream. CONTINUE FORWARDS ALONG HIGH STREET THEN AT ITS END GO ALONG MOUSE LANE. The fine 'Wealden' house on the right was the parish workhouse for a century from c.1730. 0 n the left of Mouse Lane is a terrace of workers' housing Ter bui the owner of the tannery, G. 1. Breach, n 1845. There is a similar row of 1852 behind them adjoining Mill Road. CONTINUE ALONG MOUSE LANE and in a short distance TURN LEFT THROUGH A FIELD OPPOSITE CHARLTON PLACE COTTAGES to come to the remains of Court Mi I, the second chief mill of the town, turned the same stream as Gatewick Mill. The wheel and mill building su but the attached warehouse has been

converted into a house. There was a mill here in 1 the present mill was stili working in 1927. CROSS THE FOOTBRIDGE TO REACH MILL an early 20th century brick terrace. At the far end GO THROUGH THE GATE INTO THE RECREATION GROUND. This the site of C uer Laine, one of the town's common fields, which was fu enclosed in the late 19th century; it is for that reason that this side of the town remains open to the country. Notice the backs of the houses in Charlton Street a terrace built in c.1850 a thelineofa IleltoH thatgave access to the field. LEAVE THE RECREATION GROUND

the gate in the far left-hand corner, ng the station of c,1860. TURN RIGHT INTO CHARLTON STREET, from which White Horse Lane and Church Street lead back to the church. For further information consult Victoria Country HIstory,

Volume VI, Part 1 (1980) and H. M, and U. E. The Timber-framedBuildlnQs ofStevninQ(1

SUMMER EXCAVATIONS The Rocks Mesolithic site Sussex In

ust, 198 Downing Ca

. work on 30th/31 st Ju

Whole month 1 st-31 st August. Iron Age levels, lIy section h defences of HIli Fort.

set up for August, free food if stay for 7 or Contact Mr J. H. Money, Flat B, 44 Broadwater Down, Tunbridge Wells, Kent. Between 26th May and 31 st June contact Mr. A. Atreeter, Grove End, 16

Road, Tunbridqe Wells TN2 5PB.

COURSES AND EXHIBITIONS Victorian Sussex, a school on 25th held in the Education Development of Sussex. Tutor: Dr Sue Farrant. Contact Centre for

Education, Un of Sussex. Fee [4. All Sir Garnet, the life and times of a Victorian Field-Marshal Lord Hove Reference Church Hove, 1st to 30th Wealden Dinosaurs, organised the Sussex Trust for Nature Conservation at Wood's Mill, Henfield. course, 25th April, Tutor from the Br.itish Museum (Natural Historv!. Send SAE for corres-

Millopen 1981. 1 26th April, 3rd, 25th May, 28th June, 26th Ju 30th, 31 st

and 27th S or, to arrange group visits contact Mr A. Turner of Uckfield and District Preservation Uckfield 2969 or Mr F. Gregory on

505754. The Norman Conquest, a series of three illustrated talks by John Manwaring Baines, FSA. 1. to the Conqust; 2. The and 3. The Battle of

At the Church), Robertson on

15th and 22nd June at 7.30 p.m. Tickets 50 for the series or individually obtainable from

the Hon. Treasurer, Hastings Area research group, Mrs Anne Pett Road, Pett, Nr please) Telephone Pett 31 non-members welcome.

SOCI EVE ANNUAL ARCHA:OLOGICAL CONFERENCE, 1981

whole Conference will be held on 17th October, 1981. Details Will be sent out

Newsletter.

ANNUAL HISTORICAL CONFERENCE The second Historical Conference will be held

Details will be in the Newsletter. Suggestions of themes are welcomed, and should be sent to the Editor of this Newsletter.

LOCAL HISTORY SEMINARS: MAPS RESORTS The series of local h seminars continues,

of and offers of contributions welcomed. Would papers and discussion researchers on how and what are doinq be of interest? Responses to the Editor.

MAPS AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS At Barbican House on 030 a.m.-4 p.m. (with coffee and

(a) The Ordnance Survey's as sources for local studies; (b) Historical maps, potential and limitations; Maps and aerial photographs, the aerial as a resource (and their local availability). This links with the new

noted elsewhere, aerial witl be available. constraints so Organiser Dr Sue Farrant who is a historical at I would be willing to repeat this maps day' if there was demand.

Cost to members £1 non-members enclose SAE and send

SEASIDE RESORT DEVElOPMENT Lead by who are research on the towns and are intended to promote diSCUSSion. Numbers per walk = 20. Cost per walk members, 80p non-members to cover maps, etc. to the and sent with SAE and note ng which walks you wish to join to the Editor of this Newsletter (who is the orga Address on cover, Brighton 501081. 1. Worthing. Leader Dr Tim Hudson (Editor of the

V.C.H. see book Sunday, 17th Mav at 2.30 p.m,

2. nor is. Leaders Dr Andrew Foster of West Sussex Institute of H Education and members of nor H on 7th June at 2.30 pm.

3 The growth of 27th June at 2.30 p.m. Leader Dr Sue Farrant.

Venues will be in details sent to you. What about some rural walks/transport history trails/i offers to the Editor who would also like to know of published ones for a forthcoming list.

SOUTH OF ENGLAND SHOW This year the show will be on 11 th, 12th and 13th June and Society will be manning a stall in the 'Country Life' tent with from Mrs M. Holt. This is regarded prl as a public relations exercise but post cards and booklets relating to our activities and will be on sale. Members are cordia invited to come and talk to whoever IS on duty. The Secretary would welcome voluntary names should be tele­

as soon as to the Office at Barbican House, phone Lewes 4379.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING NOTICE is hereby given that the ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of members of the SUSSEX ARCHA:OLOGICAL SOCIETY (a company limited by guarantee) will be held on SATURDAY, 2nd MAY, 1981 at 11 a.m. in the Council Chamber of the Town Hall , Lewes, for the following purpose:

To transact the business on the Agenda set out hereunder.

Barbican House, Lewes, East Sussex BN7 1 YE J . O. WIGG 10th March, 1981 Secretary

AGENDA 1. To approve the Minutes of the Annual General

Meeting held on 3rd May, 1980. (The draft minutes are available for Inspection at Barbican House. Only a summary will be read to the meeting.)

2 . Introduction by the President.

3. To receive the report of the Council for the year 1980.

4 . To receive the Accounts for 1980 and the report of the auditors thereon .

5. To elect the Honorary Officers for the ensuing year in accordance with Article 20(a) of the Articles of Association . The following nominations have been received at the date of the notice for the meeting : President : Professor B. W . Cunliffe Honorary General Secretary : T. Beaumont Honorary Treasurer: J . H. Farrant Honorary Editor: Dr O. R. Bedwin

See note following item 6 . 6. To elect four members of the Council , in accordance

with Article 20(a), for the ensuing three years in place of those who retire by rotation namely: A. Dale, FSA; P. L. Drewett, FSA; Mrs M . E. Holt, FSA; and C. F. Tebbutt, FSA. Mr Dale and Mrs Holt offer themselves for re -election . Note: Every person whom it is intended to nominate as a candidate for election as an honorary officer or as a member of Council , must be proposed and seconded in writing , and the nominations must reach the Secretary not less than seven days before the meeting and must be accompanied by the written consent of the person so nominated to serve if elected.

7. To appoint the Auditors for the ensuing year, and to authorise the Council to fix their remuneration .

8 . To transact such other business as can be transacted at an Annual General Meeting of the Society . Note: Members are reminded that as this is the Annual General Meeting of a Limited Company, the bus~ness which may be introduced is defined by the Companies Acts .

After the completion of the business of the Annual General Meeting, and time permitting , the President will invite members to comment on the Society's activities and to make suggestions for consideration by tI'le Council.

At 2.45 p.m ., at the Priory Middle School , Mountfield Rood, Low es. r nOFESSOR BARRY CUNLIFFE w ill dl ' l lvor on i ll ustrated lecture on 111 1 IlI\RAARIANS OF PR E· ROMAN BRITAIN .

. .• !h

REPORT OF THE COUNCIL AND ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR, 1980

MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL, 1980-81 Ex-Officio : the President: Professor B. W . Cunliffe; the Hon. General Secretary : T. Beaumont; the Hon . Treasurer: L. A . Lelliott; the Hon . Editor : Dr O. R. Bedwin . Elected: (until 1981) A. Dale, FSA; P. L. Drewett. FSA; Mrs M . E. Holt, C. F. Tebbutt, FSA; (until 1982) J. H. Farrant, G. A. Holleyman, FSA; K. W . Suckling, C. H. C. Whittick; (unt il 1983) F. G. Aldsworth, Dr . C. E. Brent L. R. Fisher, Mrs M . H. Rule, FSA. Co-opted: J . Houghton, Miss J . Pilmer. Secretary: Captain J . O. Wigg, RN .

HONORARY OFFICERS APPOINTED BY THE COUNCIL FOR 1980-81 Chairman of the Council: L. R. Fisher Chairman of the General Purposes Committee: L. R. Fisher Chairman of the Finance Committee: J. H. Farrant Chairman of the Museums, Library and Muniments Committee: Dr . C. E. Brent Chairman of the Archceology Committee: F. G. Aldsworth Secretary for Membership and Publicity: K. W. Suckling Librarian: Mrs. J . Crow Curator of Deeds: K. W. Dickins, FSA Editor of the Newsletter: Miss J. Pilmer (1980), Dr Sue Farrant (1981) Convenor of Meetings Panel: A. Dale, FSA Education Liaison Officers: Mrs. D. Meades (East Sussex)' D. Rudkin (West Sussex).

TRIBUTES The Council wishes to express its appreciation and thanks to the many professional advisers and members of staff who have done far more for the Society than they have been paid to do. Particular mention must be made of Mr. W . E. Godfrey, ARIBA; FSA; who carries on caring for our buildings with the same love that his father devoted to them , and to Mr. M . L. Macadam, ARICS, who has given us much help in regard to property matters. In December 1980 the Secretary, Captain Wigg, was admitted to hospital for a serious operation . H is absence during much of the winter would have been much more noticeable but for the efficiency and devotion to duty of his staff under Mrs Angela Macleod 's leadership. Mrs K. W. Suckling kindly drafted the minutes of two important meetings. Miss Pilmer resigned as Editor of the Newsletter at the end of 1980. She undertook this onerous (and often thankless) task in mid-1978, and produced eight readable issues, introducing for the first time l ine drawings and photographs. The Council is sincerely grateful for all her hard work. The Council loses three members who are not standing for re-election Mr. Lelliott, as Treasurer since 1975, has presided over the ever more complex accounts of the Society. Mr Tebbutt has been a very active member since 1970 whose contribution has ranged over all aspects of Council's business . Mr Drewett, a member since 1977, provided a valuable link with the Sussex Archceological Field Unit which he has directed with such distinction. To them and all the other voluntary helpers (some of whom are named below) the Council records its si ncere tha nks, for to t heir efforts so much of the Society 'S achievement is due.

MEMBERSHIP Ord Assoc. Life Han. Total

lMJan.1980 1,569· 269 98 8 1 1MJan.1981 1 259 103 7 1,932

., (tl Includes 80 student and Junior members

A of the increase In

su about a fall of 12 in the overall but the election of 183 new members stabilised the althouoh still short of the mark.

mongst the 28 deaths of members which are reported with great regret, are G Hindley, Assistant of the 1 who the after a disti and civilian career. Mrs Phyllis H a member of the Council, 1 was also a very active member of the Committee for Michelham Mr. E. W. Reeves the well-known Lewes the

in 1948 with his for of Victorian and Edwardian

the Reeves Collection held by in H. a member since

was well-known as a farmer in West Sussex and as head of the which and cared for the RomanvillaatB MrR.T.Mason, amemberof the Council at one time, was an authority on timber framed buildings. Mr S. E. R a Principal Inspector of Ancient Monuments, was known to many field workers. The Han. OBE, who ned in 1 was the of a former President of the Others who had been members for many years were Mrs S A. Griffith (1 Mr A. C.

a Life Member since 1943, and Mr A. H. ( 1

ARCHJEOLOGICAL CONFER EN The annual whole day ical Con­ference was held on 18th October at iddle School). Lewes, under the Sheldon, BSc. The lectures were on Relationship of and given Mr Martin Bell, Dr Ken Thorley, Mrs Ruth Tittensor and Miss Orme. There was once aoain a oood attendance.

DAY VISIT TO BATH Over 100 members made up a party on 17th May, 1980 to visit the C of Bath (see Newsletter 1 The visit was made in weather and very much

Thanks to Mrs Linda Lamont for her work in arranging the travel with British Rail.

SUMMER MEETINGS The summer meetings held between I and October were well The programme commenced with a conducted tour of Midhurst by Mrs Hallam and Mr Maurice Sm and included the Cowdray House ru ns, St Annes Hill and various old

larly Nos. 2 and 3, Wool Lane, a medieval wool merchants house, the property of Mr. John who

invited the party to view the interior. Unfortu­demand was insufficient to justify run as

proposed, a coach from East Sussex. Buildings of enjoyable afternoon the Convent of the at Mayfield, ..'vith its spectacular medieval hall, now the

and many 13th and 14th century features. The other was Stone Hall at a fine brick residence ofthe 17th century, the property of Mr J R. G where Mrs who had

gave a talk on its architectural features and

meeting an on-site talk by Mr on the and ecology of

Common, near Midhurst; and a tour conducted by Mr Peter Drewett, director, of the excavations on the Bronze

barrow cemetery at West Heath Common, undertaken by the Sussex

Unit. The excavation was in advance of extensive commercial

In nction with the West Sussex County Council'S series of members with Mr Aldsworth as

n an eight mile walk on the Downs near n an area which contains a number of

istoric features. To conclude the programme, Mrs Holt led a party of members on an afternoon walk nei:ir West Hoath The first visit was to Quarry where Mr L. Hannah took the party on a tour of the site and afterwards showed members the remains of istoric animals which had been found in the rocks. The walk then

down the va a climb to the nteresting rock upon Little' The

afternoon finished at the property, Priest where Mrs the custodian provided a tea for the party.

WINTER LECTURES The second series organised in nction with Lewes

ica I G roup at Lewes off to a start tha nks to the efforts of G ill Craddock. Forthe first lecture of 1980 Dr George Bankes M gave an

glimpse of with an account of the cultural the nca nhabitants of Peru. In Dr Sean McGrail

Maritime Museum) who has been of British boats ias

new carbon 14 dating evidence many such boats in the medieval and

ined the various methods of the construction and propulsion of these craft. A similar reassessment, this time of Bronze metalwork from formed the basis of the first lecture of the 1980/81 series Stuart Needham ritish M who discussed emerging patterns in the distribution of metal artefacts and the clues these may to patterns of settlement and the of trade and society during the main of the Bronze in Sussex. On the agricultural side Dr Peter Reynolds (Butser Ancient Farm Research closed the 1979/80 series with an account of the Project's work on the weeds of cultivation the often beautiful nts which were the scolJrage of farmers both in and historic times but have now virtually from the la as a result of modern methods of weed control. Also of interest to farming was the described Museum, Natural H

an ancient breed surviving n a wild form on St. Kilda. It is this project will eventually provide

practises in a I also gave an account of the

precarious existence of the last inhabitants of this remote group of islands and the settlement they were forced to abandon,

227

Income

Surplus Balance Balance Admissions (def iei t) 1 Jan. 31 Dec.

Other Anne of Cleves Hnuse Arding1r Village Sign 2 2 2 14) ( 12) Bull House 1,700 108 808 148 85 233 1,575 2,689 4,264 Fishbourne Roman Palace 77,725 14,902 635 374 33,092 14,396 9,255 8,409 65,152 28,484 96,550 125,034 H01tye Roman Road 18 18 84 84 ( 66) 283 217 Legh Hanor endowment 140 140 242 242 ( 102) 2,627 2,525 Legh Manor - general 451 3,250 117 3,818 242 242 3,576 17,213 20,809 Lewes Castle and Barbican 10,497 100 23,327 33,924 5,673 25,155 2,200 464 33,492 432 (14,115) (13 ,683)

~Ian of wi Imington 494 494 Nuseum 190 1,117 1,307 190 335 146 671 636 1,332 1,968

Meads Legacy 244 244 244 2,678 2,922 'Iicheiham Priory 34,216 14,519 1,168 4,370 54,273 20,965 9,029 4,409 10,498 4",901 9,372 59,780 69.152 Oldlands Mill, Ke)~er 25 25 282 282 ( 257) 189 68) Priest House, Hest Hoathly 214 5 20 239 60 593 40 693 ( 454) (4,065) (4,519) Sharpe Collection 78 100 178 1,231 1,231 (1,053) 777 ( 276) Shovel1s 400 400 32 32 368 1,237 1,605 Sussex Photo Record Survey 27 27 Tarring Cottages 2,383 2,383 1110ma sSt anf ord 1,088 1,088 65 65 1,023 6,534 7,557 Wilmington Priory

£127,149 £31,637 £7,284 £31,730 £6,234 £204,034 £63,576 £58,504 (21,018 £21,086 £164,184 £39,850 (170,845 £210,695

1979 Totals [110,749 £20,310 £4,818 £40,0)0 £5,550 £181,457 £47,116 £61,853 £18,231 £17,450 [144,650 £36,807

General Revenue

£Income

Subscriptions 7,232 Investment income 3,792 Grants, donations, etc. 2,549 Sussex Archaeological Capital Trust 24,000 Sundry sales 3,836 Less: Goods purchased for resale

Expenditure

Salaries Publications Audit and accounMuseum Research grants, Administration expenses

tancy

etc.

18,100 9,815 1,375 4,798 3,619

Loss on sale of investments

(Oeficit)/surplus for the Transfer of qualifying voluntary subscriptions

Balance at 1 January 1980

Balance at 31 December 1980

36,468

47,077

(10,609)

(10,609) 6

4,133)

f 7,985

1. Investments

1979 Endowments Trusts

7,071 Income Fund Fishbourne Roman Palace 2,794 Hargary Fund 3,088 Reserve Fund

32,880 Quoted investments

f.

3,239 (Market value £85,443 {1979: £57,914)

Uaquoted (valued by Council at cost)

15,715 6,795 1,150 3,911 3,752

46,284

2. Statutory information

The surplus for the year in General RevenUe and Defined Purpose Funds is after taking into account:

Investment income: From quoted investments Interest received

7,434 Auditors' remuneration: The Sussex Archaeological Society

6,800 Michelham Priory Fishbourne Roman Palace

6,800 ~18 Remuneration of Council Members £12.118 3. Taxation

£134,038

, 52,092

102,000 8,943

74,304

15,479 19,950

1,375 290

£ ­

[170,845

, 32,294 79,000 8,943

54,506

1979

10,983 12,121

1, ISO 200

£ ­

The Society is a and under Section 360 of the Income Taxes from taxation. Conseauently no

has been made in these financial statements, 4. Capital commitments

There were no capital COmMitments ilt 31 Dcccr:1bcr 1980 (1979: UO,QOO)

__

£ £ £ Investments (note 1)

176,304 133,506Cu rrent assets Debtors 10,642 13,236 The SuSHex Archaeological Capital Trust 1,232 6,818 Bank and cash balances 86.858 81. )86

Current liabilities Cred itoes

Net current assets 60,222 73,779

£236,526 £207,285

Rep resented by c;;,ne ral revenue fund 7,985 12,118 Endowment funds 12,883 12,883 Trust funds 4,963 4,963 Defined purpose funds 210,695

236,526 Qualifiying and voluntary subscriptions

£236,526 £207,285 L.R. FISHER Member of the Council

J.H. FARRANT Chainnan of the Finance Committee

We have audited the annexed financial statements. In our opinion the financial statements, which have been under the historical cost convention, give a true and fair view of the society's at 31 December 1980, and of the results for the year then ended and comply with the Companies Acts 1948 to 1960.

The financial statements do not specify the manner in which the operations of the society hav0 been financed or in which its financial reSources have been used during the year as required by Statement of Standard Accounting Practice No. 10.

THOR1HON BAKER 27 February 1981

Accounting Policies Brighton

The following are the main accounting policies of the Society, which have remained unchanged from the previous year. a) The financial statements have b€en dra"" up on the historical cost convention but do not

reflect the value of any assets acquired by way of gift. \0) The various revenue accounts hsve been On a C8sh basis and have been adjusted for

accruing income and expenditure only where it has been necessary to maintain consistency of presentation.

c) No depreciation has been provided on the Society's assets. The cost of furniture, fixtures and equipment are writeen off in the year of acquisition.

d) Capital expenditure on properties is written off against income in the year it is incurred.

e) The Defined Purpose Funds relate to properties which have been given or bequeathed to the Society to be used in accordance with the wishes of the donors. The use of these funds is generally restricted to the maintenance of the specified properties. Until they are spent, the funds not

and

off required are invested.

f) The cost of items purchased for resale are written year it is incurred. Consequently stocks of unsold items are excluded from these financial statements.

N N to

Capital At 1

£ 1980

389,118 £ I:

429.148 £

Less: Grants for property expenditure 31,730 357,388 40,0)0 389,118

Accumulations fund Investment income Income received from the Estate of

1.0. Margary, deceased Profit on investments sold Sundry receipts

Deduct: Grants Audit and accountancy

Surplus for the year At 1 January 1980 Funds at close of year

53,776

8,713 146

62,635 (24,000)

66,088 104,493

48,758

), 12

-,", (32,880)

46,982--- ­66,083

£461,881 £455,206

Rep resented by Investments Net current assets

L.R. FISHER

388,680 73.201

£461,881

378,473 76 733

£455,206

J. H. FARRAlIT Trustees'

The following are the main accounting policies of the Capital Trust, which have remained from the previous year: ­

financial statements have been drawn up on the historical cost convention.

b) The income and expenditure have been included on a cash basiS and have been adjusted for accruals only where is has been necessary to maintain consistency of presentation.

L Capital fund The origins of the capital fund are:­ I:

Sale proceeds of properties 110,130 Legacy from the Estate of 1.0. Margary, deceased 20.258

£357,388

2. Taxation The Trust is a registered chari ty and under Section 360 of the Income and CorpOration Taxes Act 1970 is e~empt from taxation. Consequently, no provision for taxation has been made in these financial statements.

). Future expenditure The Trust has agreed to for major repairs to certain properties of the Sussex Archaeological Society. ,",ork will cost approximately £15,000, and should be completed in 1961.

We have audited the financial statements above.

In our opinion the financial statements, wbich have been prepared under the historical cost convention, give a true and fair view of the Trusts affairs at 31 December 1980 and of ita surplus for the year then ended. The financial statements do not specify the manner in which the operations of the Trust have been financed or in which its financial reSourceS have been used during the year as required by Statement of Standard Accounting Practice No. 10.

THORNTON BAKER

D_:_1-. ... 27 February 1981

At Fishbourne Roman Palace, Raymond Thomas, TD, FRGS, FRSA succeeded, where others have failed, In

attracting a full house for his eight beautifully illustrated talks which took us into many unheard-of corners of 'The British Countryside'.

South of England Show - as usual the Society manned a stall at Ardingly in June. It was a pleasure to meet a number of members and to be able to recruit some new ones. Mrs Holt again provided valuable help.

PUBLICATIONS Volume 117 of the Collections appeared in June and contained 275 pages For the first time, It was printed by offset-litho, instead of letterp,-ess. Volume 118 went to press in April. The Society is very grateful to Miss Ann Winser, who provides the annual index, Mr Alec Barr­Hamilton for editing the Shorter Notices, and Mr H. G Holmes of Charles Clarke Ltd., the printers.

Once again members were very helpful during July and August in distributing heavy volumes. Nearly 1,000 copies were delivered by 35 people with a resultant saving of about £1,100 in postage and packing. Volunteers for the distribution of Volume 118 would be appreciated. Please contact the office at Barbican House. Last year's annual report from the Archaeology Committee (April 1980) referred to changes in the Newsletter, so as to allow for circulation outside the Society and 'as a move towards the idea of a popular quarterly journal'. These statements excited comment at the 1980 Annual General Meeting and the Chairman of Council agreed that changes would be made only after consulting members of the Society. Since then the Council has discussed the future of the Newsletter and has agreed to confirm existing pol icy that the Newsletter is primarily a 'house journal' for the Society's membership.

LIBRARY During the past year, the Library has continued to be constantly busy both on weekdays and at weekends. Our records show that good use is being made by members of a wide variety of material, often of more than local significance.

One of the most interesting aspects of our work in the Library is its diversity. It ranges from readers' enquiries and research to selecting and processing new additions, from developing the new classification and cataloguing plans to the invaluable indexing by Mr L. Johnson of the Sussex references in the major Journals. Progress is also being made with our contributions to the British Library's Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue.

A major concern is, as always, the care of books of particul"ar value and we have been able, by careful use of a non-recurring grant. to pay special attention this year to the preservation of just a few. The results, though limited, have been rewarding.

We have pleasure in recording our thanks to many members for their continued interest and help during the year and to the following for their recent gifts:

R. Armstrong, Miss L. Caffyn, R. Coates, A. Dale, C. Douglas, J. Farrant, Dr S. Farrant, Miss F. Foard, V. Gammon, Mrs V. Lamb, R. Moon, Mrs H. B. Rawlings, MrsZ. Rector, D. Renn, J. Rhodes, Miss M. E. Robinson, R Saville, Miss V. Smith, F. Tebbutt, E. J. Tyler and E. E. P. White.

MUNIMENTS ROOM Many documents relating entirely to West Sussex have now been transferred to the County Record Office at Chichester where it will generally be more convenient for researchers to study them. East Sussex County Council are not yet in a position to take over and maintain the remaining documents properly but it IS hoped that transfers will begin during 1981.

Mr K. W. Dlckins, who has now served as Honorary Curator almost since time immemoria! (actually for 27 years) writes:

'In 1970 there were approximately 75 applications for documents amounting to some 375 items which included a large proportion of volumes. In 1980 these figures have more than doubled to about 165 applications for more than 800 separate items. These include requests from the Record Office for documents to be used in Pelham House. All this activity is to be welcomed as it brings people with enquiring minds and of the right calibre to Barbican House. There they find a museum of renown and, on the top floor, a library in which to study which must be unique in combining such a rich archaeological and historical range of literature with an exceptionally helpful staff and a view from its windows which either inspires to great mental effort or stops any work being done at all. However, two queries are posed. Are we becoming more learned with an insatiable desire to seek out the truth, and, rather sourly, can the archives stand it? The answer in both cases is probably 'yes'. There is certainly a greater wish nowadays to establish a sound historical background to all forms of research, and the care and good sense shown by those who use the archives ensures their good condition. However, there are many very frail documents which should not be handled at all and a programme of microfilming or copying of some sort is really required, but this is probably wishful-thinking at the present time.'

Accessions. No. 1458. Particulars of sale of a house in Fisher Street, Lewes, to the east of the Old Record Room and Engine House, and five cottages on the east side of St. Nicholas or Dolphin Lane, 1879;) from Mr Alan G. Penner, Burwash).

No. 1459. Photocopy of abstract of title to the Goldsmid estate in Hove and Preston, 1830 to 1878; (from Mr D. Spector, Have).

No. 1460. About 47 Brighton deeds, early 19 century, including small rough plan of the Rose Hill area near Preston Circus c.1800; (from Mr L. Colbatch Clark, Brighton). No. 1461, Title deeds of Barnsnape farm, Cuckfield, about 50 items, 1729 to 20 century; (from Mr J. M. Bennett. Siaugham).

ARCHA:OlOGY COMMITTEE This Committee has met three times, with Mr F. G Aldsworth as Chairman and Miss E. Kelly as Hon. Secretary, and these continue to be very well attended.

They regret the eventual decision of the Council not to support the recom mendations of this committee that the Newsletter should be made available to the general public, as a means of increasing membership.

Members of Affiliated Societies continue to report the wide variety of activities being undertaken in the two counties which embrace all aspects of the Society's aims.

230

The new Ancient Monuments and Archceological Areas Act has yet to be enacted , but it is hoped that parts of it will come into force in 1981 to restrict indiscriminate damage . The national anti-treasure hunting campaign STOP (Stop Taking Our Past) was launched during the year but its effects are at present difficult to measure on a local scale.

Lewes Castle from the Society's Guide Book

THE SOCIETY'S PROPERTIES ADMISSIONS TO PROPERTIES

For easy comparison, attendance figures have been consolidated as follows:

1978 1979 1980 Lewes Castle ann

Barbican House Anne of Cleves House Wilmington Priory Marlipins Museum

Shoreham

36,615 14,499

6,703

25,000

40,453 13,417

6,441

23,500

40,859 9,921 8,800

24,000 Parsonage Row

Cottage, W . Tarring Priest House,

1,139 1,104 975

West Hoathly Michelham Priory Roman Palace,

Fishbourne

2,569 74,540

149,579

3,056 67,220

135,010

2,336 65,000

131 ,027

BARBICAN HOUSE The new building in the back yard and alterations to the old work-room have been completed to provide improved storage conditions , especially for negatives and metalwork, in addition to a new darkroom, laboratory, small kitchen and remodelled work-room. Though progress on the Stone and Bronze Age displays has been slow over past year it is hoped to have these largely completed by May. Work on the Reeves negatives project has continued steadily with the help of Phillida Stapylton and Kim Fuller who have now virtually finished printing from the negatives. Meanwhile Marion Suckling, Beryl Darby, Zena Rector and Philip Durant continue to work tirelessly among the museum records and reserve co llections, and Monica White has been

kindly working one day a week at the Custodians desk to relieve John Bleach for work in the Library

This year we hope to solve the problem of controlling entry to the Castle by means of a turnstile . Then we intend - by easy stages - to improve the shop in the old kitchen which ought to produce more income than it does at present.

ANNE OF CLEVES HOUSE The Wealden Iron Gallery re-opened in the summer with the newly arranged firebacks in position and full scale reconstructions of a gun casting pit and cannon boring apparatus, based on the finds at Pippingford, completed . Work continues on further sections of the displays with the help of Beth Brindle and Michael Counihan and it is hoped the gallery will be completed by early summer . The reserve collections are gradually being cleaned and transferred to the new store and we are particularly grateful to Alan Penner who is principally concerned with this work and to Gillian Higton who has been doing useful work on the furniture . The new Custodians, Mr and Mrs Edwards, previously working for the Society at Tarring Cottages and coming to Anne of Cleves House after a brief spell at the National Trust property Standen, have been quick to find their feet and are already making a real contribution to the Museum. Meanwhile we wish the departing Custodian, Simon Garrett, well with his university studies. We have also been particularly fortunate in securing the services of Mr Foss, who has been working to develop the knot garden and bring into cultivation previously untamed areas .

MICHELHAM PRIORY The number of paying visitors was slightly lower but income was up this year , owing to the increase of the entrance charge to 70p which is still one of the lowest in the country . The object of the Committee is to keep the charge as low as is consistent with earning enough income to pay the normal running costs, and when possible to effect some improvements each year . This is greatly helped by the income derived from the Shop and the Watermil', both of which continue to prosper. The number of coach parties and schools visiting has again shown a decrease, owing to the increased cost of hiring coaches . However, those who have come, especially schools, have greatly enjoyed their visits and appreciated the many things to see .

The voluntary staff has again carried out the task of receiving visitors and informing them aboutthe Priory in an efficient and friendly manner, and they continue to make a valuable contribution to the peaceful atmosphere that so many visitors comment upon. The task of recruiting, training and administering such a staff of more than 100 is no light one . Much to our regret. our Caretakers, Mr and Mrs Tester , who have kept the Priory so beautifully and helped so much in every way, have been forced by ill-health to give up their duties.

The usual annual Events have been held, including four art exhibitions in the Barn , also as an experiment, a childrens' week and art exhibition, which may be capable of further development; Folk Night, which was sold out; and the Crafts and Small Industries Exhibition, which drew 9,500 visitors in five days, a new record for this event, which is a splendid showpiece for Sussex craftsmen.

The Junior Leaders Regiment of the Royal Engineers from Dover came again in July, and carried out a number of important tasks; they are returning to build a bridge

231

and to shore up and infill part of the moat banks which are showing signs of erosion . Further trees have been planted, and an important project is the installation of a Physic Garden on the south lawn, through the generosity of a donor who is setting up a Sussex Garden Trust for the improvement of certain historic Sussex gardens. The County Council is acting as agents for this.

WILMINGTON PRIORY The poor summer has been no deterrent to Mr N. C. Dibble, the Chairman and Mr and Mrs Watts who report record v isitor levels - a most encouraging response to their own efforts, and those of the energetic Friends of Wilmington, to improve and publicise the Priory. Thanks tothe ESCC, working in liaison with the Friends, fencing near the Long Man has now been realigned in an attempt to reduce erosion by visitors ' feet and an attractive information panel about the figure has been set up for the benefit of visitors . Work on improving the Farmhouse Kitchen is progressing . Tentative plans are being made for a new entrance area and it is hoped to assemble a small library devoted to local farming and rural industry.

MARLIPINS MUSEUM, SHOREHAM The Museum opened on 4th May and remained open every day until 4th October, 1980. There was a slight increase in the number of visitors, particularly school parties. A fi ne model of HMS Victory was donated by the family of the late Mr F. H. Darby who made it. and the family also had a glass case specially built to hold this exhibit . Another interesting addition is a carved oak overmantel dating from the early 17th century which was originally in the Fountain Inn, Shoreham demolished in the 19th century. This overmantel was then transferred to the Shoreham Urban District Town Hall which building has recently been sold . It is now on long loan to the Museum by the Adur District Cou ncil. Among other interesting carvings it bears the Arms of the Shipwrights Company. We have also acquired a copy of the 18731 / 25000rdnanceSurveyMapofShoreham, a useful addition to our already outstanding collection of Sussex maps. Donations, profits from the shop and proceeds from a Mini -Marketl Jumble Sale have enabled the Museum to increase its financial reserves. Mr Holleyman and his hard-work ing team of Hon . Custodians deserve many thanks for keeping the Museum open throughout the summer.

PARSONAGE ROW COTTAGES, WEST TARRING During exceptionally heavy rainfall on 11 th October, the grou nd floor of Parsonage Row was flooded. The Council subsequently put work in hand on the main drains at Tarring which it is hoped will prevent a repetition of this unhappy event . The work is well under way in the change of style of the museum which will open in March as the Tarring Museum of Sussex Folklore, and the season is being extended to cover March to November (inclusive) . A fund raising event was held on 26th July and in spite of ghastly weather, raised £115 net. Brenda Westley and the Committee of Management deserve high praise for all their hard work.

PRIEST HOUSE, WEST HOATHLY Mrs Arnold continues to devote much of her life to this property. Hopefully the long over-due repairs to the roof will be carried out next autumn. Discussions with the Friends of Priest House are taking place regarding future management.

ROMAN PALACE, FISHBOURNE Under Dr Murray 's active leadership 1980 has been an eventful year . The lifting of the Boy on a Dolphin mosaic had been completed by the early new year . The opportunity to investigate t he levels beneath was too good to be missed and the underlying matrix and make up levels were excavated to rev eal the remains of a quite remarkable first century black and white geometric mosaic . This comprised two elements : a central panel of what would have originally been 16 squares each with a different geometric des ign and a border which represented town defences showing three courses of bonded masonry with T shaped castellations, square corner towers and both singl e and double gateways. This is th e only example known In Britain. This new floor has now also been lifted and is to be relaid in the Spring of 1981 at the east end of the North Wing. The Dolphin floor is to be relaid in its original position. Investigation of the matrix of the black and white floor lead to no significant new discoveries . Although part of the underlying feature, a p it or well was observed , its excavation was not possible . In early July five performances of Plautus comedies 'The Brothers' (Menaechmi) and The Merchant' were staged in the formal garden . This proved extremely popular and brought in a total audience of just under a thousand people. It was a very enjoyable project for cast, staff and audience alike. An attempt was made in 1980 to build up the number of volunteers working in the Palace and during the Autumn some of these volunteers and our full time guide were dressed in Roman costume, both to add atmosphere and also to make them easily identifiable by the v isitors. All the events generated a considerable amount of publicity on television , radio, national and local press and it is partly due to this that our attendance figures have come up almost to last years level. The Resident Custodian and his wife, Mr and Mrs J . Shaw retired at the end of November after 13 years. The post has been discontinued and the staff structure modified with two of the existing members of staff Mrs K. Wulff and Mr T. Jaworski being made Sales Manageress and Museum Manager respectively .

ADDITIONS TO THE MUSEUMS Barbican House and Anne of Cleves House Mrs A. B. SMALL, Rag rug . Mrs S. McEWAN, Iron grave marker from St. Francis Hospital, Haywards Heath. A. PENNER , Milk bottles and pail from Sussex dairies; Candlewick reels from Broad's factory , Lewes; Local sales particulars 1849; Cell door lock from Newhaven Police Station; Winnowing tray; Sussex pottery bread crock. F. C. BUNCE, Photographs of Phoenix Ironworks, Lewes; Pattern makers plain . E. W . O 'SHEA, Finds from building sites in North Street and Friars Walk, Lewes. J . PARSONS , 17th century tradesman's token . Mr TILBURY (Loan), Lewes baker'S delivery cart . EAST SUSSEX COUNTY COUNCIL(Loan), Tilt table, strike and branding irons for checking weights and measures. The Late Miss S. A. GRIFFITH, Pelham family sampler, 1742. M . TAYLOR, BronzeAge socketted axe from Cooksbridge. D. S. BACON , Winchelsea halfpenny token , 1794. A. C. SNELL Section of Neolithic antler picks from Cissbury. Mrs P. E. WELLS , Chemists scales . The Late F. ANDREWS, Railwayman 's scythe . C. E. KNIGHT-FARR , Sussex pottery jug . Mrs B. MARTIN , 19th century

232

Christmas and Valentine cards . M . JENNER, Poster and price lists of Harveys Brewery, Lewes. Mr and Mrs D. WIMBUSH, 15th century iron key and dressed stone from Southeram. T. REEVES , Collection of local flints . LOYAL CITY LODGE, INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS, BRIGHTON DISTRICT, Portrait of William Inkpen in Oddfellows regalia; Oddfellows respect board. A. E. HOLLOWAY (Loan), Iron plaque of E. Morris foundry. C. F. TEBBUTI, Finds from Buxted medieval village site . LEWES PUBLICITY ASSOCIATION, 'Lewes rat and spoon'. J. A. DEDMAN, Turn wrist plough points. Mrs E. SIMMONS, Lewes souvenir ash tray.

Wilmington

F. ADAMS, Haystack needle. I. F. WAYMAN, Push-hoe; augers ; hedging bill ; butchers cleavers. J. MONSON, Faggot-stick; head of muck chrome. Miss D. OLIVER, Three-tined hoe . R. HARMAN, Broadcast seed sower.

Michelham Miss E. E. STUBBS, Three watercolours - Lewes Castle and town; Blackcap, Sussex; Downs near Lewes. Mr and Mrs A. C. F. FROST, Pen and Ink drawing - Michelham Priory, c.1900. Miss VERENA SMITH and Miss Q. FLIGHT, Watercolour - Spring Day on River Arun by Charles Knight. Mr and Mrs C. FLOOD, Carpet sweeper, pre-1915. Miss WINIFRED FUNNELL, Blue/ white earthenware/pewter hot plate 19th century; large polychrome earthenware porringer and plate 19th century; Pair silver rimmed spectacles c.1786. A. E. TURNER, Musical box (4 French tunes) c.1880. W . TURNER, Bronze/alloy cross 14/15th century (found at Michelham 1925). OLIVIA M. E. PITIOCK, Blue/ white glazed HANAU DELFT dish c.1650.

FINANCE The Statements of Accounts for the Society and the Capital Trust are printed in this Newsletter in the same format as last year. The operating result for 1980 superficially appears satisfactory, because the Defined Purposes and General Revenue Funds show a combined surplus of £29,241. But the surpluses accruing to the three self-accounting properties (Fishbourne, Michel­ham and Marlipins) were £38,492, leaving a deficit of £9,251 on the accounts controlled by the Finance Committee. This is disappointing because the aim was to break even. The deficit is mainly attributable to a shortfall on expected admissions at Anne of Cleves, to SAC, 117, costing much more than expected , to no provision for the large pay awards in local government (which apply to the museum staff), and to goods purchased during the year for resale (which included the Sharpe Collection Catalogue) costing more than sale receipts. Action has been taken on all these to achieve closer budgetting and control of expenditure. The Committee is aiming to keep the contribution from the Capital Trust to recurrent expenses to £24,000, so that some income is ploughed back to slow the fall in its real value.

SUBSCRIPTIONS An umber of subscri ptio ns for 1 981 are sti II outsta ndi ng and it would be appreciated if these could be paid as soon as possible . Membership cards for those who pay by bankers order are enclosed in this Newsletter.

Full Members of the Society receive three newsletters a year, the annual volume of Sussex Archreological Collections, free entry to all the society'S properties (see open dates elsewhere in this newsletter), use of the excellent library at Barbican House, winter and summer meetings, conferences , local history seminars, news of 'digs' to go on or see . Membership cards must be shown when visiting properties or the library. For further information send a stamped addressed envelope to the Membership Secretary at Barbican House, Lewes. Full member £7.50, Associate £2.50, Student £400, Junior £2.00, Institute £7 .50 and Affiliated Society £4.00.

HELP please with processing the covenants which members use to pay their subscriptions. Mr Suckling would appreciate help especially in April and May. contact him at Barbican House.

LANGNEY TIDAL MILL NEAR EASTBOURNE by Lawrence Stevens In her article, 'The Mills at Fishbourne', (Sussex Archceological Society Newsletter No. 26, p.162). Mrs R. Blakeney drew attention in her footnotes to early references to tidal mills. She cites that standard work, Watermills and Windmill, by Richard Bennett and John Elton (1899) as recording only one tidal mill before the 16th century, in 1429 and suggests that the 'Lityl Saltmyll' at Fishbourne which was in decay in 1460 is one of the earliest recorded.

To this early example we can , I think, add another Sussex tidal mill which is believed to have stood near Langney, to the east of Eastbourne.

The Rev. Walter Budgen, in his 'Pevensey Castle Guard and Endlewick Rents', tells us that among Lewes Priory Charters is one by Richard Portarius de Pevensell granting to the Priory, with the assent of his wife Cecily and his heir Robert, that the waters of the sea may have free course and recourse to the priory mill of Langney through the marsh of the said Richard in the neighbourhood of the said mill. Budgen suggests that , on the basis of the witnesses, the charter dates between 11 60 and 11 65. 1

Somewhat earlier, Sir G. F. Duckett, Bart., in his 'Additional Material towards the History of the Priory of St. Pancras at Lewes', does not translate the essential passage in the same way, for he quotes, ' ... grants to the monks of Lewes free entrance to, and exit from his mill of Longaneia through his marsh, which is in the vicinity of the said mill. '2

However, Sidney Toy, is his article, 'Langney Grange, Westham ', draws attention to the reference to the mill at Langney and quotes the translation as, '.. that the water of the sea may have free ebb and flow and passage to their mill of Langney through my marsh which is neighbouring the said mill ; and this passage they shall hold of me and my heirs for so long as the mill stands, for 1 2d. payable at Michaelmas'.4 Toy concludes that the mill, 'was evidently a tide mill' , and on the evidence of both Budgen and Toy, this would seem to be a reasonable conclusion.

233

There seems to be nothing left on the landscape to suggest where the mill might have been. At the time Toy was writing, in 1952, the County Borough of Eastbourne's housing scheme was being developed, which necessitated the demolition of an inadequately recorded barn, and masked the landscape so that all he noted was the open sewer which flowed eastwards at the foor of Langney Cliff, about 170 yards (157 metres) to the south ofthe Grange and whose course was that of an ancient stream. Toy suggested that the mill was probably to the north of this stream.

One would expect a lagoon or lagoons to have been associated with the mill but no remnants of such structures seem to exist. nor is their existence hinted at infield or place names of the area on the Westham Tithe Map. In the absence of further investigations we must conclude that there are no visible traces of this ancient mill.

1 Sussex Archaeological Collections Volume 76 (1935). 118. SAC Volume 35 (1887). 123. SAC Volume 91 (1953). 127

4 Sussex Record Society Volume 38 (1932). 162.

CHARLES DAWSON AND THE LAVANT CAVES by Timothy J. McCann Charles Dawson (of 'Piltdown Man' fame) and John Lewis carried out a detailed excavation of the Lavant Caves, at the request and at the expense of the 6th Duke of Richmond, shortly after the discovery, in 1890, of some subterranean passages on the property of Mr D. Waddington at Hayes Down in East Lavant. The excavation was started early in 1893, and, in August of that year, Dawson read a paper to the Society at their meeting in Chichester . Dawson's paper, based on the results so far obtained, was reported in the Sussex Daily News 1, and the information it contained was discussed in a number of publications 2 It was understood at the time, that further excavations would be carried out. and that any official report should be withheld until further information was available. Unfortunately, however, once the Caves had been opened up, they began to fall in rapidly, and all excavation ceased because of the danger involved . As a result, Dawson's report on his exploration of the Caves was never published. However, Charles Dawson's manuscript report of his work on the Caves has survived, and is to be found amongst a group of records recently transferred to the West Sussex Record Office at Chichester from Goodwood House. The manuscript3 starts by listing all the articles discovered in the Caves, and photographs of many of them· are included in the text . It then gives a preliminary report on the excavations carried out by Dawson and Lewis in January and February, 1893. The report is illustrated by a rough plan of the Lavant Caves, and of some caves at Cork in Ireland, and was clearly the basis for Dawson's lecture to the Society. It concludes with a letter from Lewis to Dawson giving particulars of the cost of the work. Dawson 's conclusion was 'that the Lavant Caves may have formed part of an early British (or Celtic) Settlement constructed in probably times of Peace as they would have been difficult to hide - owing to the amount of debris removed - and also that there are no traces of entrenchments . The excavations are also too extensive to be casually formed' .

1 Sussex Daily News, 11 th August, 1893. 2 For example , John Sawyer, 'Discovery of Caves at

Lavant Sussex' , in Antiquary, vol. 28, (1893). pp.22 , 160; The Daily Graphic, 6th April, 1895 (with illustrations); and George Clinch's summary in The Victoria History of the County of Sussex, vol. 1 (1905). pp.326, 327, (with plan by John Lewis).

3 West Sussex Record Office, Goodwood Ms. 1928.

THE NEW STORAGE WING AT ANNE OF CLEVES HOUSE by Stella Bellam The new storage wing was made possible by the generous bequest left to the Society by Mr Margery, and was planned in 1975 to accommodate the local history collections in a suitable environment. so keeping display space to a maximum, and retaining the restored interior of the timber-framed house. The building was sensitively designed by Emil Godfrey and his firm of London architects, using traditional building materials in a style that blends well with the attractive exterior of the house. The free-standing wing is two-storeyed with about 20 metres of office and workshop space and 80 metres of storage. Facilities include a controlled environment room, with humidifier and de -humidifier, for fragile and corroding articles and a workroom, with laboratory sink and water heater, for minor conservation operations and construction of display stands.

Storage units were designed to provide for the varying needs of the local history collections, some of which require special fitments, and the Society's finances were helped by two grants from the Area Museum Service for South -Eastern England. The ground floor storage area has steel racking pinned on all free walls to support the important reserve collection of firebacks in a way that they can be both easily seen and photographed by students . An open space away from the walls allows for the storage of large objects, and serves as a temporary resting place for items in need of cleaning . Double doors lead into this area from the garage which will be equipped with a hoist for the unloading of large and heavy objects. The large storage area upstairs has been equipped with cupboards with shelves of variable width or special features such as a clothes rail, to accommodate the range of items in the collections . Some space has been left for large objects which need to

234

sta nd on the floor , and an office area has been installed . The environment controlled room has also been equipped with shelves. A great deal of preliminary work for the transfer of the collections was done by Major Townsend, a former custodian of Wilmington Priory, and Mr Chandless, who cleared most of the ironwork from the cellar, and made lists of reserve stock. Mr Penner is now involved in transferring the collections from the stores in Anne of Cleves House to the new wing, where they are cleaned and then temporarily stored . Once th is first phase is completed , further areas w i ll be available for display and public viewing . It is hoped to restore the area by the front entrance to the house to its original form and perhaps exhibit the Priory stonework with displays of Wealden architecture and a selection of prints from the collection at Barbican House. Similarly it is hoped to open up the 14th century barrel -vaulted cellar to the public . The second phase of the transfer will involve a programme of cataloguing and permanent storage which will take place over the next few years, and will hopefully mean that the local history collections will be better known and better preserved for future generations.

Battle Abbey Throne

THE BATTLE THRONE by the Editor The Victoria and Albert Museum has recently purchased two chairs which once belonged to the Webster family of Battle Abbey. One of the chairs is called the Battle Throne and both were made as part of a grand scheme conceived by Sir Godfrey Webster who redesigned the Abbey in the Gothic style between c.1810 and 1820. The major part of the scheme was the enormous Great Hall , 57 feet long and high and 31 feet wide. Within the Hall the throne (see photograph) was set upon a dias with a canopy. An enormous painting (by Wilkins). 17 feet wide and about 30 feet long which depicted the discovery of Harold's body at the Battle of Hastings dominated the Hall and provided a clear clue to the source of Sir Godfrey 's inspiration . Lavish expenditure resulted in bankruptcy and Webster left England and died abroad. Lady Webster remained at Battle and the Abbey was 'opened to the public'. Some mid-19th century guide books describe the interior and a few have pictures of the Hall, e.g. Vidler 's Gleanings respecting Battle and its Abbey and Anon (V idler?) Handbook to Battle and its Abbey. Webster is credited with the architectural design but the elaborate Regency Gothic interior (including the throne and the chair) was designed by Geor·ge Bullock who also worked for Walter Scott (the novelist) at Abbotsford which is contemporary to Battle Abbey. Bullock's architectural associate at Abbotsford was William Atkinson . It is now suggested that Atkinson also the architect at Battle although, as often occurred in this period, the amateur owner was credited with the design. Mr Wainwright of the Woodwork and Furniture Department of the Victoria and Albert Museum is trying to establish the history of the 'Battle Throne ' in the context of the remodelling of the Abbey by Webster. He published an article on Abbotsford and wishes to piece together the story of Battle Abbey. He would appreciate help from members of the Society. The building accounts survive at the East Sussex Record Office (Lewes) but there is no information about the interior work. Do members know where Webster archives might be particularly bills for interior work? The only material found so far has been in documents of Bullock 's business . The throne and chair were bought at an auction at Sothebys in 1980 using funds kindly provided by the Friends of the V and A but the third chair was sold to Birmingham Museum. What happened to the other items? Probably more survived subsequent changes at the Abbey and the fire in the 1930s. Perhaps someone could also provide some information about Mr Vidlerthe author of the guide books . The painting survived. It is stored at Hastings Museum. Wilkins was paid £2,000 for the work in 1820 and it caused considerably contemporary interest even being described in articles in Germany. Mr Wainwright's address is, Furniture and Woodwork Department, Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington, London SW72RL. Mr Wainwright kindly provided the information for this article . Photograph from the V and A.

BOOK REVIEWS

Southern History. A review of the history of southern England, vol. 2 (1980) Folkestone Wm . Dawson & Sons Ltd. 282pp £12.

Three of the eight historical articles in this volume are on Sussex topics. T. P. Hudson argues that the borough of Bramber was founded, after the Conquest but before 1086, byWiliiam de Braose to whom the Conqueror had entrusted the lordship of the rape of Bramber; and that de Braose's motive was to challenge the local influence of Fecamp Abbey, Lord of Steyning, a town of Saxon origin and the centre of the surrounding region . J . Chapman analyses the 69 parliamentary enclosure awards (1769-1872) for the oirj county of West Sussex, and finds that the enclosures are characterised by a relatively small acreage, of which only about a quarter was open field, and by marked variations, both as to date and amount of land involved, between the coastal plain and the rest of the county . The most significant is C. E. Brent 's 'The immediate impact of the Second Reform Act on a southern county town : voting patterns at Lewes Borough in 1865 and 1868'. lt is based on a painstaking collation of poll books 1841-68, a canvas return of 1875-6, census enumerators' returns for 1851-71 , church records, directories, and newspaper reports , to give for each elector his political and denominational allegiances, occupation and public activities . The 'denominational and cultural preferences' of the larger employers supporting each political party are identified and compared with those of the 'urban peasants' (the self -employed) and of the employees (most of whom were enfranchised by the 1865 Act and voted the same way as their employers); they are found to be, in general , similar .

None of the articles in this volume offers a distinctively 'regional' slant by dealing with a geographical unit larger than an historic county; none would likely have been accepted by the national journals, because of their great length or limited significance; none would be inappropriate for the established county journals which are weakened by their appearance here. It remains unclear what Southern History's purpose is.

J. H. Farrant

Sussex Bibliography 1979. Lewes: East Sussex County Library, 1980. A5 , 50pp Price 60p from public libraries in East and West Sussex, or 75p by post from ESCL, 44 St. Annes Crescent, Lewes BN7 1 SQ.

The Sussex Bibliography has now completed its first decade, having started in this Newsletter's pages. 1979's lists over 600 items on the counties accessioned during the year . The classification still leaves much to be desired, both as to the choice of headings and the assignment of items to those headings. Surely other bibliographies, such as British Humanities Index and the Royal Historical Society's Annual Bibliography, offers models which could be followed with benefit.

J. H. Farrant

The Victoria History of the County ofSussex, Vol ume VI, Part I, Bramber Rape (southern .part), edited by T. P. Hudson and published for the Institute of Historical Research by Oxford University Press, 1980, XIX + 307pp, £48 .00. This meticulously researched and well illustrated volume deals with topographical and institutional development from early medieval times to the 1970s in

the ancient ecclesiastical parishes of Broadwater, Clapham, Durrington, Findon, Heene, Lancing and Sompting (Brightford Hundred), Kingston-by-Sea , New Shoreham, Old Shoreham and Southwick (Fishersgate Half-Hundred), Botolphs, Bramber, Coombes, Steyning, Washington and Wiston (Steyning Hundred), and West Tarring (Tarring Hundred). They encompass the dip­slope and scarpfoot of the South Downs, the estuary of the river Adur, and the coastal plain, including Worthing which was in happier days a m~re hamlet of Broadwater .

This resolute parochi a l focus is dictated by a masterplan which published in 1905 and 1907 two general volumes dealing with the county's overall economic, social and political progress . This has precluded Dr Hudson from prefacing the surveys with a revi ew of relevant regional patterns and trends, such as the character and development of sheep-corn husbandry or the fate of family farmers, which would Il ave allowed the interested layman to set the data in a wider framework.

The majority of these parishes retained their agrarian character into the 20th century. Their analysis has been significantly reweighted since volumes on Hastings and Lewes Rapes were issued in 1937 and 1940. Much space is now given to land use and tenure, rural i nd ust ry, tra nsport ch a nge, popu lation indices, seig­neurial Catholicism, Protestant Dissent, Anglican pastoral activity, private and popular education, village clubs and societies. These themes are carried forward into the 1970s and reinforced with sensible parish maps. Room is even found for the marriage of C. S. Parnell and Mrs O'Shea and for the death of Lord Alfred Douglas . Ecclesiological detail has been pruned back, but vernacular building is still thoroughly treated; one photograph displays mid-20th century bungalows in Goring . Also still prominent are those tedious but crucial manorial descents.

The estuary of the river Adur has long been a pivot of coastal trade. This volume traces the promotion of Bramber , Steyning and New Shoreham as ' new towns' during the Norman period and their rivalry for control of estuary traffic. It also charts the fluctuating fortunes of New Shoreham as a commercial and ship-building centre, once upstream rivals were vanquished. Here again the general reader might have found useful some more specific discussion of the extent and economy of its hinterland. The status of these three towns as parliamentary'boroughs, returning six MPs until 1832 and displaying many refinements of 18th century political and engineering, adds a further dimension to the analysis. So too does the discussion of Worthing's expansion as a seaside resort and its subtle disengage­ment from that role in recent decades. Its development reflected a complex interplay of topographical, entr~­preneurial and cultural factors, most of which are touched on . The 'restricted grandeur' of its architecture is well conveyed. The occasional skeleton rattles. Mob violence greeted the advent of the Salvation Army and 155 people died of typhoid fever in the summer of 1893.

The careful scholarship displayed in this volume will make it a marvellous quarry for the parish and regional historian and an invaluable guide to the relevant sources . The photographs are aptly chosen. A pity there are not more . The best reveal what the banality of this century has destroyed - the vernacular calm of Bramber and Steyning about 1900, the splendour of Worthing waterworks and the Norfolk suspension bridge, the vitality of the shanty town on Shoreham beach . Colin Brent

V.C.H . CORRECTION . An unfortunate error appeared in the last stages of publishing Victoria Century History, Sussex, VI (i ) of the illustrations facing page 96 , the two bottom ones (but not the caption) were transposed. The left-hand illustration is of Bedford Row, and the right ­hand one of Ambrose Place . T. P. Hudson (editor)

Sussex Hearth Tax Assessments 1662; 2 Pevensey Rape, edited by M. J . Burchall; Sussex Catholic Surnames, 1558-1829, compiled by Nigel Abercrombi e; Sussex Directories, 1784- 1940, by John H. Farrant (Sussex Genealogical Centre occasional papers 4-6 , each 60p, post inclusive) .

To anyone who regards the modern genealogist as a hlinkered consulter of parish registers and bishops ' transcripts these papers from the Sussex Genealogical Cen tre are sa lutary in their variety.

Sussex Heart!/ Tax A ssessments continues the trans­cription of th eso valuable documents which I welcomed in a previous revl Ow (New sletter 32) and my only criticism of t h l!; Instalm ent is th at the reader is not referred to th e exis tence of an exce ll ent introduction in Part 1 .

The list of Sussex CatholicSufOtunes, w e are told, is the by-product of work carried out by a group of amateur researchers over 20 years and the entries (arranged by parishes) range from none (Burpham) to four columns (Midhurst) . The introduct ion , tantalising in its brevity, unfortunately does not give any reasons for the topographical concentrations of these families nor any indication of fluctuations in adherence throughout the period covered. I should also have liked the compre­hensive list of published sources used to have been balanced by equally detailed information about the manuscript sources in the county record offices, British Library, Public Record Office and House of Lords Record Office which Dr Abercrombi e tells us have been consulted . What relationship does the work already don e bear to the whole task? It would surely have been worth giving these details so that searchers using untapped sources might provide new material for the index. VI/e are at any rat e given the address of the 'keeper of the index' to whom all enquiries should be referred .

The pedigree of Sussex Directories is enough to indicate the expansion of interest in these invaluable sources which we used to call trade directories: the first edition of 1969 was published by the Sussex Industrial Archffiology Study Group, th e second of 1975 by the Sussex Family History Group and th is, the third, by the Genealogical Centre. Th is edit ion represents less of an advance over the second th an the latter d id over th e first; it signals few new cl.iscoveries bu t is rat her a consolidating work with a Slightly revi sed introduction. It is none the less to be welcom ed since th e pr eviou s edition has been out of pr int for som e time. Both the catalogue itself and the preface are scholarly and thorough and the text is illustrated with advertisements taken from directories of different dates which are so clear that at a first glance they m ight be mistaken for contemporary publicity. C.H .C.W.

Barbara Banks, A brief history of Portslade , Lewes: East Sussex County Library, no date, A5 , 12pp., no price.

This bookl et would be more appropriately titled 'Some facts and myths about Portslade, chronologically

arranged ' . Thus with in six pages of text, there is space for the information that the deeds for a change of ownership of the Stag 's Head Inn in 1662 still survive , and that the Mil e Oak School Band participated in the celebrations for Edward VII's Coronation , but no space for defining th e area being chronicled . its physical characteristics, its population (other than in 1801 and­wrongly construed in two respects - 1897), or the significance of (e .g.) Shoreham harbour canal built in 1851-5 . The County Libr ary should surely be supporti ng only local history worthy of the name and of reasonable quality. J . H. Farrant

LIBRARY RECENT ADDITIONS

Among the material much used in the Library are the journals of various kindred societies and other periodicals. Many have been taken continuously over the years and are acquired by subscription or in exchange for our own Collections. The latest exchange has been with archffiologists in the North East of Britain . Th ese publications, and others also recently added to the Library, are given below. A selection of books and manuscript works rece ived during the winter of 1980/ 81 as gifts or by purchase, is also listed . Full bibliographical referen ces are not given here.

Journals and Periodicals Archffiologia Atlantica ; Brighton Polytechnic Geograph­ical Society Magazine; Current Research in Archffiology; Landscape History ; The Period Home; Popular Archffiology; Sussex Genealogist and Local Historian; Trans . Architectural and Archffiological Society of Durham and Northumberland; Universities of Durham and Newcastle Archffiological Reports; Vernacular Architecture .

Books and Other Works

ARMSTRONG, R. The Alfriston Gang; BULL, A. J . Studies in Geomorphology of th e South Downs Proc . Geologists'Assn. 1936; CARVER , M . O. H. ed. Medieval Worcester; CHILDE, V. G. Prehistoric communities of the British Isles; COCKBURN , J. S. ed. Calendar of Assize Records; DALE, A. The Theatre Royal, Brighton; DAN IEL , G. A Hundred Yea rs of Arch ffi ology; FAR RANT, J . H. Sussex Directories 1784-1940; FARRANT, S. Development of North Laine Conservation Area Brighton 1770-1820; FARRANT, S. Georgian Brighton; FOORD, F. Cross in Hand; GAMMON, V. Folksong collecting in Sussex and Surrey Offprint History Workshop Journal (1980); HARVEY, J. Medieval Craftsmen; HOLMAN, G. Some Lewes Men of Note (1905 edition); HUDSON, T. P ed . History of County of Su ssex, V.G.H Vol. VI, Part 1, Bramber Rape South; HEYS, G. Early Settlement in Eastbourne; MALONEY, M . The Round House, Ashcombe ; POLLOCK, F. and MAITLAN D, F. W . History of English Law before Edward I, Vol. II ; RAWLINGS , H. M . Transcriptions and translations of extracts of documents relating to Manor of Sheffield (with index), Manor of Tarring Peverell and Parish of Fletching; RICHMOND, H. W . Invasion of Britain - attempts - 1586 -1918; SEAGER, E. ed. Countryman Book of Village Traders and Crafts; STEVENS , L. Eastbourne: 'The Vigil and the Morrow'; TAYLOR , C. Fieldwork in Medieval Archffiology; TYLER, C. J ., compiler, Inscriptions from gravestones at the Unitarian Chapel, Battle.

SUSSEX ARCHtcOLOGICAL SOCIETY PROPERTIES OPENING DETAILS 1981

LEWES CASTLE Imposi ng remains of a Norman Castle with 14th century 8 arbica n (Gatehouse) Interpretive display in Castle keep. A du lts 35p Children 15p. W eekdays: 1000-1700 (throughout the year) Sundays: 1400-1700 (April to October)

MUSEUM OF SUSSEX ARCH.lEOLOGY Barbican House, High Street, Lewes. Contains Pre-historic, Romano-British, Saxon and Medieval antiquities relating to Sussex. Tel : Lewes 4379. Adults 50p Children 25p. Combined ticket for Castle and Museum: Adults 60p Shildren 30p. Weekends: 1000-1700 (throughout the year) Sundays: 1400-1700 (April to October)

LEGH MANOR Ansty, Nr. Cuckfield. Early 16th century timber-framed house, with brick gable­ends. The gardens were laid out with the help of Miss Gertrude Jekyll, the well-known landscape designer. Tel: Haywards Heath 413428. Adults 40p Children 20p. Open second and third Wednesdays and second Saturday in each month from April to October. 1430-1730. No parking for coaches.

MARLIPINS MUSEUM Shoreham-by-Sea. 14th century flint building. Maritime and Local History Museum. Tel: Shoreham-by-Sea 62994. No entrance fee. Open May to September : Weekdays 1000-1230, 1400-1700. Sundays 1430-1700

MICHELHAM PRIORY Upper Dicker, Nr. Hailsham. (Off A22). Moated 13th-14th century building set in seven acres of lawns. Tel: Hailsham 844224. Open Weekdays and Sundays from 17th Apri I to 18th October 1100-1730

MUSEUM OF SUSSEX FOLKLORE Parsonage Row, High Street, Tarring, Worthing. 15th century timber framed buildings housing displays relating to traditional customs, beliefs and pastimes in the county of Sussex. Tel: Worthing 36385. Adults 20p Children lOp. Open 1 st March to 12th December: Weekdays: 1415-1700 (except Mondays) Sundays: Closed.

FREE TO MEMBERS ON PRESENTATION OF MEMBERSHIP CARDS Admission charges subject to revision

MUSEUM OF LOCAL HISTORY Anne of Cleves House, Southover High Street, Lewes. An attractive timber-framed dwelling mainly 16th century. Museum contains varied range of domestic equipment, collection of Sussex ironwork and gallery devoted to the history of Lewes. Tel: Lewes 4610. Adults 50p Children 25p. Weekdays: 1000-1700 (mid-February to November) Sundays: 1400-1700 (April to October)

BULL HOUSE High Street, Lewes. 15th century Inn. Thomas Paine lodged here 1768-1174. House let as a restaurant. May be viewed by patrons.

PRIEST HOUSE West Hoathly, Nr. East Grinstead. Early 15th century house and small Folk Museum. Tel : Sharpthorne 810479. Adults 30p Children lOp. Open April to September: Weekdays: 1100-1700 (except Fridays) Sundays: 1400-1 700

SHOVELLS All Saints Street, Hastings. Late 16thcenfury dwelling said to have been the home of Sir Cloudesley ShoveWs mother. Tel: Hastings 420241 . Open by appointment.

WILMINGTON PRIORY Wilmington, Nr. Eastbourne. (Off A27) . Remains of a 13th century Benedictine foundation now housing an agricultural museum. Close by is the famous LONG MAN or WILMINGTON GIANT. Tel: Alfriston 870537. Adults 40p Children 15p. Open mid-March to mid-October: Weekdays: 1100-1700 (except Tuesdays) Sundays: 1400-1700

ROMAN PALACE Fishbourne, Nr. Chichester. The largest Roman residence so far discovered in Britain. Tel : Chichester 785859. Open Weekdays May to September 1000­ 1800 and Sundays March, April, October 1000-1700

November 1000-1600

ICE-HOUSE HUNT Man has stored ice since earliest times in structures ranging in size from simple pits to elaborate and technicelly sophisticated ice houses for commercial or domestic use. A survey of Ice-houses, whether standing or destroyed is being made by Sylvia Beamon and the Sussex examples are being collated by Ron Martin, General Secretary of the Sussex Industrial Archffiology Society. If any member knows of the whereabouts of such structures would you please let him know of their location and, if possible, their date, possible source of ice, any documentary evidence and some indication of the surrounding soil type. Please send all information to Ron Martin at 42 Falmer Avenue , Saltdean, Brighton BN2 8FG, Telephone Brighton 28479 (Office) or Brighton 33805 (Home)

NEWSLETTER COPY DATES AND STYLE Preferably typewritten and double spaced. Conventions for references as in the Collections, apply to the Society's office at Barbican House . COPY to the Editor for the August issue by 26th June, for December by 30th October, for April by February 14th. Clear illustrations can be included, please provide title . If advice is wanted please contact the Editor at least 3 weeks before the intended copy date.

Phototypeset by the Reprographic Centre. Brighton and Printed by the University of Sussex, Printing Unit

SUSSEX ARCHAEOLOGICA.L SOCI ETY NE;'ISLE'I"TER APRIL 1981

ERRATA Page 225 sc' . " ~ :-- :"'. E" - - --.. ,., .. f"'-- ' ~ ~. Gard2,n Hill iYlr. - A . l':-·f:.:t.-eeter "should read flr. A. S'l'P.EETEN.

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