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IS ~1599 -1985 .( S.'pusHQI IS : U92.iJ7.c, IS : 3UO~.U'5, ad IS : 4598-1''1)

~L d''.. S ...1. d'( Reaffirm~d1996 )'n° Ian tanuar ,..''METHOD FOR BEND TEST

(Sepond Reyision)'rhird Reprint FEBRUARY 1997

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UDC669: 620.163.24

',0 Copyright 1986BUREAP OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9, BAHADUJt SHAH ZAFAR),{AJtG

~EW DEL¥I 110002

.' January 1986

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, JUpm6rll~ .-'The Tata Iron 6: Steel Co Ltd.Jamshedpur

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IS I 1599 - -1985( SDpenedfDc IS J lfi92-DUo D1. S2A-lt65

aad 1& Iet8-1H1 )

Indian StandardMETHOD FOR BEND TEST

( Second Revisian)Methods of Physical Tests Sectional Committee. SMDC :S

M-w,.sSmu R. K. ABBOL Bhanlt Steel Tubes Ltd, Ganaur ( Haryana )SJnl.I S. B01ru (~ ) .SlntI St7JI'.l' Kt1JUB B~8t7 M. N. Dutur &. Co ( P ) Ltd, Calcutta

Smn S. SJUi G\:ir.!A..{ ~) ,

Smn K. K. BJUTU. Q:.ulity Marking Centre, AmritsarI Smu R. N. BISW~8 Steel Authority of India Ltd (Dwppur Steel

Plant). Durgapur .SHBIT.S.T%w~I(~)DR A. Cx.ur:aABORTYUaba Martin Industries Ltd, Calcutta

Sm:.: H. M,umSWARY (Aitmuzu) <

• Smu K. K. CBEJUAX - Indian Aluminium Co Ltd, CalcuttaSlIRI PA.Jtt~J Ib: ( Jflunuzu ) ,

DB R. F. DAXBAL , ludiaDTelephone Industria Ltd, BazJploreSBRI V. V. PR~BBt7 (..41unuzu)

. SRltI M. K. D~ Gm"u National Physical Laboratory (CSIR ). NewDelhiSmu K. G. GAllG Directorate General oCT1IlChnical DeveloPJDent '

, and ProduCtioa ( Air ), N~.DelbiSmlI P.IU.GROTR~A RAO ( ~ ) , .SBllI B. G. GZBAJrx " Blue Star Limited, Bombay

SBBI G. S. SoBTI ( Jf/m-u) .Sma A. GX08RNationaI Test House, Calcutta

SaRI D. S. Muv)(DA.1t ( ~ ) "

SRRI S. A. ~Qm: The Tata Iron and Steel Co Ltd.JamabedpurSmu A. S. W~LIA ( .AlInul, ) '.

Smu N. C. HORJI: Ministry oCRailwayaSmtI S. R. D:z:(~) .

SRRI S. V. Kt7z.x.uua Fuel I~enb &Eogineen Pvt Ltd, Icha1karanjiSR&IJ. V. Kt7LJtAllNI(Jflt.mau) ,

SRRIS. KOXAll Mining 6: Allied :Machinery Corporation Ltd,Dwppur .

(~"'Ptzl2)e~IIl,I986

"BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS .This publication is protect~ UDder the .IIIJiia .~1It A" (XIV ,of 1957) aidreproduetiOllm whole or ia part by any meam except with writtell permiaiOAof tlwpubJiah-.r IhaU be deemed to be an lnfriDcement or copynpt UDderdIP •• id Act

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Indian StandardMETHOD FOR BEND TEST

( Second Revision;).- ;><,: "

o. 'FOREwo'RD0.1 This Indian Stand ard' ( Second R~villiori}~s' adopted by, the IndiaIl 'Standards Institution ,on "28February 1985,after the.drafdinali.zed bythe }.iethods pf Physical TelltisectidD.aJ.Committee had '~en,approved, by the Structural and M~tals DiviaionCouncil.

,.G.2.Thi~ 's~dard-.waa .,firStp~biiShe(rin1960and was revised in 197~.While re:vjeW}tlg.thiS~tiilieard.:m.tp(light,~rltpe. w:orkdone ~y ISOJ~C164 'Mechanical Te$tingof Metals', at themternatlOnallevekthe Sectio-nal Committ~_ '~~i?I~~;g~r~,*,is,.!~~~ard ,decidedtoreville .thisatandard so as to'have' a SIngle ,Indul.DStandard ,onMethod for bendteat amalgamating three o,ther Incii,an;f?~~~cis on thelubjeet.

6.2.1 This atandarclth~1 supers.edestbe following lndian Standards:• ,.... ':~. "# ~' . ,- . • • . -. •

IS: 1692-1974 Method forslmple bend testing of steel shee't and, strip less thaa ,3 mm thick '

IS : 3260-i965 Meth~d for~~~~;~~tror i~~ppe~'and copp~ralloysIS : 4598-1968 Method "f~rllingiebend.'.;i~st for ~luminjt1m and .

aluminiUm. a,lloy' .sheet and strip of thicknel~bet.y.'~~ 0'2 lOIn .and 7 mm

0.3 This atandard is based on the 'International Standard ISO 743fl.;1985'Metallic materials - Bend test' issued I:>ytheInt~~tj9P-.l_Organization .'for'Su~naa.I'dization~ '. '. '.' . .' ,

0.4 In reporting the results ottest oramllysis made in accordance'with,this standard, if the nnalvalue, observe<lorwctilated, is to be rpunded. off; it shall.be done inacc~rdance with IS :2-1960*,

. ., . - .-Rula for rounding off Ilw:nuical valua ( rmsd).

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IS r 1599 - 1005

1. SCOPE

1.1 This ~tandard specifies the method of conducting bend test fordetermining the ability of metaUicmateriaIsto undergo plastic defor-m~tion in bending. It applieS.to the.bend test of test pieces taiten from.metallic productS as specifiedin ther:eJevantproduet standard.. ., ..\ .;.:'_'., - . .;\

.1.2 Thil! standard is not applic~ble to certain materials and/or prqductl,for example tubes in fliUaection or welded joints, for which otherstandards exist.

2.P1lUNCIPLE

2.1 The .bend .test consists of sublniiting a test.piece of round, square,rectangular~ or polygonal cross aectionto ,plastic.deformationby bending,without changi~g the direction of loading,untiJaspe9ified angle of bendis reached. , . " .

~ "T-he. ~ af the two legs of the test piece remain W.a plane.perpendicular to the axis of bending. Inthei::IUe~f lsoe ben~~the twolateral aurfacesinay, depending'onthereqUirements of the' material.ltandard,Jieflat against.each otper ~r' m~y.ije parallelata .pecifieddistance, an insert being uiec:l'to~~tionhi. 'distance..

- ••••.•• ,6 _ .••• . ,... . " ..". _ •.,•..•. ,.' • .

3. SYMBOLS AND DESIGNATIONS

3.1 Symbols and designationl wedin the bend test are shownin Fig. 1and 2 and specified in 'table 1. -

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SYJCIOLS

•( AI shown in,Figure. )

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TABLE,t.- SYMBOLS .AND DESIGNATIONS" .

n.IG!f.&.T10B-.".c. _._ .. :..... -~".~..;:,-....

Thicknea 01" diameter of test piece ( 01"diameter of theinscn'bed circle. forpieces ofpolygonaJ c:ioU-tection)

Width of teat piece

Length of test pice.

Dutance between aupporta

D.iaineter ofmaodrel .

Angle of bend

Internal mdiua of bend portiOn of testpiece after bendin& .

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mm

degree

IS: lS99 - 1985

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4. TEST EQ,UIPME~4.1 The bend teitlhall be ~carried out iiJ. testing ma,chines Or-pressel,equipped with the folloWing devi~ ; -,

a) Bending device ;ith two aupports and a mandrel u mown inFig; 1, . ,

b) Bend4'1g device with ~ v~biock arid a mandrel as shown inFig. 2{and' ";":0',

c) Bending device',with,a clamp'aiihowitiItFjg~S~ --

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. FiG. 2. BEND TEST BY THE USE OF V-BLocx

VICE

MANDREL

VICE

tFIG. 3 BEND TEST THROUGH AN.ANGLE OVER It. SPECIFIED RADIUS"

.4.2 Beadiag Device withS1llpports aDd a-Mandrel

4.2.1 The length of the supports and the width of the mandrel 'shallbe'greater than the width or diameter of the test piece. The diameterof the mandrel is determined by the material. standard. The test piecesupports shall be rounded to a radius between 1 and 10 times the thick-- ness of the test piece and shall be sufficientlyhai-d{ see Fig. 1 ).

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18 i 1599 - 1985

4.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, the distance between the suppOrts Iahall be taken as approximately:

I=D+Saand shall not change during the bend test.

"4-3~DdJng Device with a V-BlOck ".4.3.1 The tapered surfaces of the V-block shall form aD angle of

1800 - CIt (see Fig. 2 ). "

4.3.2 The edges of the V-block shall be rounded to a radius between 1and 10times the thickness of the teatpiece and shall be sufficientlyhard.

4.4 BeDd:ln~Devi~ with. Clamp ~ TheJleVice ~nsists of a ~ampand a mandrel of sufficient hardnesa;"itm!i1¥be equipped with a leverfor applying force to theteJt pieCe(311 Fig. $]. " " . .s. nST PIECE .. ,~,~.

5.1 Round,aquare. rect~u1ar or polygOnal"c:roSasection test piecel areused in the test. Any areas oUbe ~teri~1 ~d by aheariQJor fiaxnecutt~g and simiJ,aro~rations during the ~.pf teStpieces.!Wl ~removed. However,tesnng a teSt pi~. ~ a1recied.partH)f w~ichhave not been removed, is acceptable proVided the resultant bend iisatisfactory.

5.2 The edges of rectangular test pieces "ihall be rounded to ~"ra$fi~not exceeding one-tenth of the thicknessof test pieces. The rolUldiiigshall be made in such a ~ay that notransverse, b~, aaatches or ma:bare formed which might adversely aff'ectthe teat result. Howew.r, t~"test piece, the ~dges of which have not been rounded, is acceptableprovided the resultant be~d is satid'aetory. .'5.3 Unless otherwise specified in the relevant standard, the width of "thetest piece shall be as roll<?ws:

a) The$aine.'when'th~width oftheproductjs equal to 9r leis th:m20mm;and. """ """..:

b) When the width of a product ismore than 20 mm:i) 20:i: 5,mm for products of thickness lessthan Smm, andii) Between 20 and 50 mm IorproduetS of thicbiessequal to or. --greater than Smm.. "' ,- "".';'- "_.. -"

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5.' Tbic:bea. e£ the Teat Piece "5.'.1 The thickness of the test piece 'rom Iheeb,ltripl "andsections

shall be equ~to the thickness'of the product to be tested. If the thick-ness of the product is greater than >25mlD, it may be reduced bymachining one surface to not less than, "25'"mm. DUring bending. thE'.unmachinedside shall be the tension-sidesurface of the test piece. ..'

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5.4.2 The round or POlygonal cros~aectionteatpiece ihaII be submittedto the bend telt in the crall Bectionequal to that of the product. In, casethe diameter ( for a round croas section) or the inscribed circle diameter(for polygonal Crou aection) does Dot ~xceed 50 mm. When thediameter or the inscribed cirC'jediameter. of the test pieCeexceed SOmmtJP to 'and including 50 mm. it may be reduced to not less than 25 Jnm.When the diameter or the .m.c:ribed circle 'di8.lneter. of the, test pieceexceeds 50-mm~ it aha1Ibe reduced to not leas than 25 mm (su Fig. 4).During bending. the urmachined lide shall be the temion-side lurfaceof the tes~piece.

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FiG. 4- POIITION 01' BOD 1mPIECE tN ROUND ORPOL~KAJ:. SECTIONS

5.5 In the cue of rorginp~ cutiDga and Jernifinilhed produetl~ tiledimemions of the teat piece and aampJiDg l1laIlbe as lpecified in therelevant ItaDdard Or by agreement.

U By agreement but DOt in cues of di'Pute~ test piece. of a greatertlUckneu and width than thole specified in 5.3 and 5.4 may be subjectedto the bend teat.

'S.7 The length of a teat piece depend. on the thicknea of the ten pieceand the ,testequipmeat tued.

Go PROCEDtmE

6.1 In genus1. the teat is carried out at ambient teJnperature be~een 10and 85-0.' "Teatlcarrled out under CODtrol1edconditions shall be madeat a temJ>mlt1lrt!of 23 ::l: S-O. '

6.2 The bend teat is carried out wing one of the foIJowingznethoda'peei1ied in the relevant ltandard:

a) 'That. apeeified angle',of bend is achieved under the force andfor the given conditiolll (## Fig. 1,2 and 3)j

b) That the Jegs of the teat piece are parallel to each other at_specified distance _pan while under the ~orce( ~, Fig. 6 J; arid

c) That the leg. of the piece are in direct COntactWhilounder thef~rce C #e, F"Jg. 7 ). , ' ,

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6.3.1 If it is not possibletobend the testpie<:e to the I~fie~ angle inthe manner described in U, complete ~e bendbypreumg due.ctlyonthe endI of the legs of the test piece ( SII Figdi). '

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6.. In the .bend test to p~J.lr~~~~.:~f:t~~Jeg;~!,~eiestPi~may be benturlt. aa indicated in 6.3 and then placed between the parallelpJates ofthe pre,. ( Ju Fig. 6 ) where it is further fotr:IlcdJ>y,~ppl,i~tionof a conti-nuo~ly increasing force to obtain paralleliiiil.:'o(,the'<legi:-"The test maybe carried out with or Withoutthe insert. The thickneuof tbeimertaballbe d~edin the relevantltandardsorby :agreement.

__.- • '__ ~ . .. _.. -7- ... ,...••••~ ..-:.~~_:.':.. _'_',._... _,:,,', ._'~::.:5'~:;__:_:_"An alternate method, of telt it thatof'beD.ding over a mandrel

{-su -to4)~'. 'I ' "e

U In the bend test to a lpecified angle of bend, lay the teet piece on~~Ppclrta Csu Fig. I ) or on the V-bl0c.k(#1 Fig. 2 .> .nd~d it inthe middle between the supports by the aeti0lilof a c;ontinuoualymcreas-ing foroe.Apply the bending forceilowly so as to permit freep1aJticflow of the material. :: '

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. 6.5 If lpecified. the teat piece, after ita preliminary beIlding, ,isfurther ".bent between the parallel platea of th.press, 'byappUcatiop of a conti-.',nuouslyincreuing force, to obtain direct cOntactbetween the Jegl ofthe test piece ( 616 Fig. 7). .

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FIG. ':6 BEW TEST THll.o~GH AN ~GLE of;l80° ~ ASPECIP'IEDjR..wnnil

FIG. 7 BEND TEST TO FLAT CONDITION

7. IN.tERPRETATION OP RESULTS

7.2 The angle' of bend" specified in material itandarda,.' ia alwaYic()naide~d'as a minimum. If theintemaI radius-of'a bend-:i. :'pecified"it is coDsideredasa maximum. . ." ..'

7.1 The interpretation or"thebend teat i! carned out according to therequir~ments o£the matedaLstandardll. When these ..requirements.are

....,'l1otspecified, absence of cracks .visible without the use'of magnifyingaids i.I considered as the evidenCethat the teat piece withstood the 'bendtesL ..

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8.1 The test report shall include the following information:

a) Refer:enceto this standard; .b) Identi~cation of the test piece (type of the material; castnumber, djrection of the test piece axis relative to a product,etc ); ..

.c) Shape.and dimensiow of the test piece;d) Test method; ande) Test result.

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s. TEST REPORTS

IS J 1599 • 1535

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