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है”ह”ह

IS 11855 (2004): Guidelines for Design and Use of DifferentTypes of Rubber Seals for Hydraulic Gates [WRD 12:Hydraulic Gates and Valves]

IS 11855:2004

W7?dwm7

(m.y@foIndian Standard

ft?Tli%?T

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN AND USE OFDIFFERENT TYPES OF RUBBER SEALS FOR

HYDRAULIC GATES

( First Revision)

ICS 93.160

..

@ BIS 2004

BUREAU OF IN DIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

i%lcs~f~f2004 Price Group 3

Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee, WRD 12

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalizedby the Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee had been approved by the Water Resoutxxs DivisionCouncil.

Dams/Ban-ages are built for storage/diversion of water for irrigation or generation of electric power. In concretedams, tunnelskpillways, head regulator of hydel channels, forebay intake structure, by-pass channels and drafttube of power house, the flow of water is controlled with the help of hydraulic gates.

To prevent flow of water pasta closed gate, seals are provided either on the gate or on the metal frame in thegate slot. Rubber is the most commonly used material for seals, as it is elastic, defo~s readily and regains itsoriginal shape on removal of load.

This standard was first published in 1986. In this revision specification part has been separated and covered inIS 15466:2004 ‘Rubber seals for hydraulic gates—Specification’.

There is no 1S0 standard on the subject. This standard has been prepared based on indigenous manufacturersdata/practices prevalent in the field in India.

The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given at Annex A.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance withIS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained inthe rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

IS 11855:2004

Indian Standard

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN AND USE OFDIFFERENT TYPES OF RUBBER

HYDRAULIC GATES

( First Revision)

1 SCOPE

This standard lays down guidelines for use of differenttypes of rubber seals used for all common types ofhydraulic gates. -

2 GENERAL

2.1 Rubber seals should be moulded only, ensuring ahomogeneous cross-section. These may also becladded by fluorocarbon. Specification for differenttypes of seal are covered in a separate Indian Standardwhich is under preparation.

2.2 On the hollow bulb seals, a core of rubber stockmay be used in the bulb at the splice.

2.3 Comer seals should be fully moulded. Details ofthe comer seals are given in a separate IndianStandard which is under preparation.

3 USES

3.1 Angle Shaped Seals

The sealing effect is obtained partly due to initialinterference with the embedded sealing plate andpartly due to the deflection under load. This type ofseal is used on gates on the crests of dams and weirs.The assembly details with angle shaped seal is shownin Fig. 1.

8

SEALS FOR

3.2 Flat/Wedge Seals

These seals are used generally as bottom seals for alltypes of gates and they seal against the bottom seatingplate. They require high initial compression loadingfor proper seating. The assembly details with wedgetype of seal is shown in Fig. 2.

3.3 Music Note Seal

The arrangements of music note seal over the seal baseplate are shown in Fig. 3.

33.1 The initial interference of music note type sealshould vary from 2 to 5 mm depending upon therequirement and type of its installation at the discretionof the designer.

3.3.2 The music note seal is generally recommendedto be used on gates operated for head up to 30 m.

3.3.3 The hollow bulb music note seal isrecommended for gates operated at low head up to15 m.

3.3.4 A solid bulb music note seal is recommendedfor gates operated at medium head, that is at a headof water exceeding 15 m but less than 30 m.

FACE OF PIER ~

SKIN

M

—

1,b

FIG. 1 ASSEMBLY DETAILS wImi ANGLE SHAPEDSEAL

1

. . .. . .. . .

IS 11855:2004

HE

IIX HEAD BOLTWITJ-i NUT -1

R

I la

-4&!----8 -’3

II

5x45°J 5x45 “=+ l==- ‘

FIG. 2 ASSEMBLY DETAILS WITH WEDGE TYPE SEAL

t—+’——NN—————N

COMPRESSION SEAL (RECOMMENDED)

A1 v A nw

(NOT RECOMMENDED)

4A

lu-

LEAKAGE PATH PERPENDICULARTO STEM (NOT RECOMMENDED)

FIG. 3 Amww.mumr OF SEALSOVER SEAL BASE PLATE

2

*..

..

M 11855:2004

3.4 Double Stem or Caisson Seal

This type of seal is used for heads exceeding .30m, Thesealing will be obtained due to interfereme of water

pressure between the seal seat and the seal itself as wellas behind the seal in the space between the seal buseplates. The arrangement of double s(em se:~l over theseal base is shown in Fig. 4.

CLAMP R _ W#A

FLLJORO

--++ —-----it-! +ll--!

l?

cARt30N iILM

k

&

4 OF TOP

&

SEAL SEAT

—-

SEALINGPLANE r A

-P

rA

., -—-—-

6 mm MINIMUM

~k 2T05MMPRE-COMPRESSIC)N

4A A$sembly Details with Double Stern Seal(Upstream Sealing)

l-l-l----r ----w+-!

LANE

RoFILM

4B Assembly Details with Double Stem Seal(Downstream Sealing)

FIG. 4 DOUBLE !W’M SI:A[.

3.4.1 The sealing bulb should project 6 mm beyondthe face of the clamps. The initial interference of 2to 5 mm between the plane of the sealing bulb andsealing face of the seal seat is usually provided.

3.4.2 These seals may be used as top, bottom and sideseals either by using them with water pressure actingbehind them which is withdrawn before the gate ismoved to reduce/eliminate friction load or they maybe used cladded with fluorocarbon film to achieve thesame purpose. On heavy gates such seals may be wellused as bottom seals where enough mechanicalcompression becomes available to make a good seal.

3.5 Double Bulb Seal

Thesetype of seals are used where the gate is requiredto seal from either upstream or downstream side.These are normally used for installation such as lockgates.

4 FORCE ON SEALS DUE TOINTERFERENCE AND DEFLECTION

An idea of the forces likely to develop in the seal dueto compression on account of interference and due todeflection is indicated in the curve shown in Fig. 5for the guidance of designer.

5 FRICTION OF SEALS

5.1 The following values of coefficient of frictionfor seals may be adopted in general (unless otherwisedetermined by tests) in the design of gates andassociated equipment.

slNo.

(1)

i)

ii)

5.2

Type of Seal Coeflcient of Friction

static Dynamic(2) (3) (4)

Rubber seal on stainless 1.5 1.2steel

Seals with fluorocarbon 0.2 0.15

cladding on stainless steel

The area of loading to determine the frictionalload on the seals should@ as under:

a) Caisson seal — The area (2A x Iength) actedupon by water pressure behind the seal (seeFig. 5).

b) Music note seal — The projected area(Ax length) of the seal up to the centre of thebulb (see Fig. 5).

6.1 As far as practicable only vulcanized splicesshould be provided.

6.2 All s@es in all rubber seals should be whereverpractical on a 45° bevel as related to the thickness(not the width) of the seal.

:{

.,

IS 11855:2004

DEFLECTION ‘X IN mm

NOTES1 For seals of otherdimensions,valuesofforcemaybeinterpolated/extrapolated.2 Applicablefor both solid and hollow bulb.3 Deflection X corres+mnds to pre-compression envisaged.

FIG. 5 FORCEDEVELOPEDDUETO DEFLECTION

-+AL

C: 8

d1

8

As,.

‘1-

1-

!.i

6.3 The splice position should avoid bolt hole in webportion.

6.4 Cladded seals should not be bevelled. Theyshould be square cut at right angle.

6.5 Field splices, if not vulcanized should never bemade on a bevel. Pieces should be cut at a 90° andgiven an interference of not less than 2 mm so thatwhen they are butted tightly (one to the other) theywill not climb.

7 TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING ANDSTORAGE OF SEALS

7.1 Adequate care should be taken for properpacking of the rubber seals in black polythene rolls

to avoid damage in transport and storage.

7.2 The seals should not be allowed to come in contactwith any sharp edged or pointed objects or anyabrasive surface that might cut or tear the rubber.

7S Direct sunlight, oxygen and ozone affects thephysical properties of rubber and causes it to agemore quickly. Seals, therefore, should be stored ina dark cool room in original paeking.

7.4 It is suggested to lei&e the sezds in the originalpacking, however, the seal should be unrolled andkept on a flat surface at least 48 h before installing it.

IS 11855:2004

ANNEX A

(Foreword)

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee, WRD 12

Organization

In pemonal capacity (20$Z Pocket-2, Sector-D,VasantKunj,New Delhi)

J3hakraBeas Management Board, Punjab

Bharat Heavy Electrical Ltd Bhopal

Central Electricity Authority, New DelhiCentral Water & Power Research Station, Pune

Central Water Commission, New Delhi

Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board, Sunder Nagar, H.P.

Irrigation Department, Maharashtra, NaahikIrrigation Research Institute, Roorkee

National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd, Faridabad

Orissa Construction Corporation Ltd. Bhubaneshwar

Texmaco Ltd, Kolkata

Triveni Structural Ltd, Alkrhabad

Tungabhadra Steel Products Ltd, Karnataka

Water Resources Development Training Centre, RoorkeeBIS Directorate General

Representative(s)

SHRIN. VISHVANATHAN(Chairman)

DEPUTYCHIEF ENGINEEREXECUTtVEENGtNEER(Alternate)

SHRIA. S. SRIVASTAVA

SHRIS. R. RAWORE (Alternate)SHRIR. K. RUSTAGI

SHRIR. M. SINNARKARsHRt S. L. PATtL(Alternate)

DIRECTORGATES(E& NE)DIRECTOR(GATEs-NW &S) (Alternate)

CHIEF ENGINEER(DE.WGN)

SHRID. K. VAIDYARA (Alternate)SHRIV. C. SHELKE

CHtEF ENGINEER(DESIGN)

Sumtumrmtmci ENGINEER(Alternate)Smu G. S. SHARMA

SHRIA. K. ROY (Alternate)DIRECTOR(MECHANICAL)

SENIORMANAGER(DESIGN)(Alternate)SHRIS. R. SINHA

SHRIUDAYANBANERJEE(Alternate)SHRIJ. P. MISHRA

SHRIB. P. .$ttmi(Alternate)Mu HUSSAINBIN ALI

SHRIY. S. CHANDRASHEKARAIAH(Alternate)SHRI (PROF) GOPALCHAUHAN

SHRIS. S. SETHI. Director & Head (WRD)[Representing Director General (fi:oflcio)]

MemberSecretarySHRIMATIROSY DHAWAN

Joint Director (WRD), BIS

5

I q;’

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l-l

{

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. WRD 12 (157)./’

iAmendments Issued Since Publication /

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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