IRNSS / GAGAN and its Potential Applications

GEOSMART INDIA

New Delhi March 2, 2016

K S Parikh Deputy Director, SNAA

Space Applications Centre, ISRO

Ahmedabad

1

Outline of Presentation

2

• GNSS Scenario

• Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

(IRNSS)

• GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation

(GAGAN)

• GNSS Applications

Satellite based Navigation

3

GNSS Scenario

4

• 4 Global Constellations:

• GPS (24) & GLONASS (29) fully operational

• Galileo (30) – 10 satellites are operational

• Beidu (35) – 20 satellites are operational

• 2 Regional Constellations:

• IRNSS (7) – 5 satellites are operational

• QZSS (7) – 1 satellite is operational

• GNSS (SBAS) Augmentations:

• WAAS (2), EGNOS (2), GAGAN (2), MSAS (1) are

operational

• SDCM (Russia) under development

GNSS Scenario (contd.)

5

• The trend is towards Multi-Constellation and Multi-

Frequency User Receiver development

• Improved Availability, Accuracy

• Dual / Triple frequency for Civilian Users

• Improved resistance to Jamming and Spoofing

• Modernized Signals from GPS/Galileo (by 2020)

• Faster TTFF

• Weak Signal Tracking and Acquisition

• Indoor positioning

• Improved Multipath performance

• Search & Rescue capability

IRNSS System

6

• Currently 5 satellites in operation – IRNSS only based

positioning demonstrated.

• IRNSS Constellation to be completed by March 2016.

IRNSS - Service Area

7

IRNSS service area is divided into three regions: Indian Land Mass : The area encompasses the Indian Geo-Political boundary. Primary Service Area: The area covered by 1500 km contour from Indian geopolitical boundary inclusive of the Indian Land Mass. Extended Service Area: The area between primary service area and area enclosed by the rectangle of Lat 300S to 500N, Long 300E to 1300E.

Extended Service area

Indian Landmass

Primary Service Area

IRNSS – Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

8

• IRNSS - Regional Navigation Satellite System with 4 GSO + 3 GEO Satellites • L5 and S-band Signals • SPS (Standard Positioning Service) and RS (Restricted Service)

IRNSS – Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

9

IRNSS System

10

What is unique about IRNSS?

• IRNSS is an indigenous system – full control

• Uses Dual Frequency (L5/S) for Civilian Users

• Third satellite navigation system (worldwide) to be fully

Operational by mid 2016

• Uses Grid based model for ionosphere delay correction

(accurate for single frequency users at L5/S band)

• S-band for navigation – first time being used (low ionospheric

delay to benefit single frequency (S band) users

• IRNSS can be used to broadcast short messages (potential to

be used also as a Disaster Warning Dissemination System)

• All satellites to be visible over Indian region for almost all the

time

• RS (Restricted Services) signal for strategic users

IRNSS Ground Segment Architecture

11

IRNSS Signals, Services & Accuracy

12

Service Type

Signal

Frequency

Accuracy

Standard Positioning Services (SPS)

BPSK (1) L5 (1176.45 MHz) S (2492.028 MHz)

Single Frequency < 20 meters

Restricted Positioning Services (RS)

BOC (5,2) L5 (1176.45 MHz) S (2492.028 MHz)

Dual Frequency < 10 meters

IRNSS Accuracy

13

GAGAN (Indian SBAS System)

14

• GSAT-8 (PRN 127) and GSAT-10 (PRN 128) broadcast GAGAN

signals. GSAT-15 is in-orbit spare.

GAGAN System

15

Main Components of GAGAN: • GPS Satellites

• A network of Ground Reference Stations over Indian air-space known as INRES

• Indian Master Control Station (INMCC)

• Indian Land Uplink Station (INLUS)

• Geo-stationary Satellites (GSAT-8, GSAT-10 main; and GSAT-15 in-orbit spare)

GAGAN Services

Certified RNP 0.1

Service over Indian FIR

Certified APV 1 Service

over Indian Landmass.

• GAGAN is certified by DGCA for Required Navigation Performance

(RNP 0.1) within Indian Flight Information Region (FIR)

• GAGAN is certified by DGCA for Navigation Performance Level of

Approach with Vertical Guidance (APV 1) over Indian Landmass

GPS Augmentation Systems in the World

17

GAGAN Performance : Ahmedabad (accuracy)

18

SBAS/GBAS

GAGAN - Benefits to Aviation

Primary Means of Navigation - Take-Off,

En Route, Approach and Landing

More Direct Routes - Not Restricted By Location of Ground-Based Equipment

Precision Approach Capability - At Any Qualified Airport

Decommission of Older, Expensive Ground-Based Navigation Equipment

Reduced/Simplified Equipment On Board Aircraft

Increased Capacity - Reduced Separation Due to Improved Accuracy

Increase safety by using 3D approach operations

GNSS Applications

21

Precision Agriculture

Engineering

Forestry

Location based Services (LBS)

Medical

Military

Navigation

Public Related

Recreation & Sports

Science

Surveying and Mapping

Transportation

Timing & Synchronization Uses

GNSS Applications

22

GNSS Applications

23

Potential Market for Satellite Navigation Systems

GNSS Market Worldwide

GNSS Market are forecasted to grow to 250 B€ per annum by 2022.

IRNSS Applications

26

Defense (Strategic) Applications

Civilian Applications

Defense Applications of IRNSS

27

Maritime, Aeronautical & Terrestrial Navigation

UAV and Aerial Delivered Weapons

Gun, Mortar, Launcher Alignment and Short Range Weapon

Navigation

Aid to Inertial Navigation

Precision Timing Applications

Defense Applications of IRNSS

28

Precision Timing Applications

Synchronizing Secure Radio

Synchronizing Communication Networks

Timing of Navigations Parameters

Launch Complex Synchronization

Defense Applications of IRNSS

29

Marine, Aeronautical and Terrestrial Navigation

Defense Applications of IRNSS

30

UAVs and Aerial Delivered Weapons

Defense Applications of IRNSS

31

Gun, Mortar, Launcher Alignment & Short Range

Weapon Navigation

Civilian Applications of IRNSS

32

Transportation Systems

Road Navigation

Rail Navigation

Air Navigation

Maritime Navigation

IRNSS based Disaster Warning System

Agencies like IMD, INCOIS,

CWC etc. generate disaster

related alerts

Alerts transmitted via VSAT

network to INC

Alert message is uplinked to

IRNSS Satellite by TT&C Centre

IRNSS navigation message

structure can transmit certain

short messages

Short message is received by all

INRSS User Receivers

Disaster

Management

Authority

IRNSS

Navigation

Centre

IRNSS T T &C

Centre

IMD

VSAT Network

IRNSS Satellite

INTERNET / FIBER

OPTICS

MESSAGING USING IRNSS

Road Navigation

34

Road Navigation

Tracking, Tracing and Scheduling

Vehicle Routing

Remote Condition Monitoring

Fleet Management

Intelligent Transportation System

Speed, Emission Control

Load Monitoring

Safety and Security

E-tolling

PAYD Insurance

Accident Reporting

Working time Directive

Fleet Management

35

Rail Transportation

36

Train control, Signaling

Traffic information

Transportation of dangerous goods (Real time track

surveying, performance monitoring & condition monitoring)

Prevention of collision, derailments and rails switch errors

Asset monitoring and location

Increase capacity and efficiency

Equipment location awareness

Automatic track survey and inspection

Time synchronization of communication systems

Part of a plan for 12 Bn $ Japanese investment over 5 years in India will bring Bullet Trains in India in 2022

Automatic Train Tracking System

37

For Indian Railways (12000+ Trains)

Technology used: IRNSS, MSS, GSM/GPRS

UMLC for Indian Railways

38

• Use of GNSS and MSS (SATCOM) Technology • Tracking of all Trains of Indian Railways • Automatic Hooter blowing on Locomotive and at UMLC

Maritime

39

Observing sea level changes

Dredging operations

Wreck locations

Laying pipe lines

SAR of sinking vessels

Positioning of oil rigs

Prevention of piracy

Automatic Identification System

VMS (Vessel Monitoring System)

Coastal Surveillance

Maritime domain Awareness

Coastal Surveillance

40

Tracking of ~ 2.5 Lakh small boats (< 20 m) in Indian

Coastal Region

Coastal security & Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA)

E-CALL (Emergency Calling)

41

Vehicle automatically dials E-CALL (emergency number) in

case of an accident

Sends IRNSS co-ordinate to emergency service

Sends vehicle data (point of impact data)

Improves response time

Transportation

42

Space Exploration:

• Space shuttle tracking

• Launch vehicle tracking

• Inter-planetary navigation

• Re-entry and landing of space

missions

• International Space Station (ISS)

• Orbit and attitude determination of

spacecraft

GNSS for Agriculture

43

Surveying

44

Land (Cadastral, Construction, Mapping and Mine Surveying

Marine (Hydrographic and Offshore Surveying)

Currently Professional Surveying Receivers use all available

GNSS signals (multi-constellation & multi-frequency) & other

differential correction technique (e.g. SBAS, RTK, DGPS)

Time Synchronization of Power Grid

45

• Power Generating Plants currently depend on GPS. • Such critical infrastructure for energy security should depend on IRNSS.

Monitoring of Structures & Environment

46

Brides

Towers

Dams & Reservoirs

Rail & Road Networks

Sky Scrapers & High Rise Buildings

Foundations

Mines & Quarries

Power Stations

Historic Buildings and Landmarks

Landslides

Earthquakes / landslides

Flood Risk and extents

Disaster Management & Support

47

Disaster assessment, management and prevention

Monitor possible danger situations that may cause disaster (e.g.

monitor flood levels, tsunami prediction, earthquake)

Rapid emergency communication

Rapid command schedule

Atmospheric Studies using IRNSS

48

Ionospheric Monitoring & Scintillation Studies

GNSS Tropospheric Effects & Meteorology

GNSS Reflectometry (GNSS-R)

GNSS Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO)

Global TEC Map Ionosphere significantly depends by solar activity

Location-Based Services (LBS)

Amenities: Closest hospital, Filling station, Nearest restaurant, Shopping mall

Weather: Current weather at the location, Temperature, Possibility of rain

Topology: Landform, Height from sea level, Nearest river, Lakes, Mountains etc.

Entertainment: Any sport event near the location on date, Theatre halls etc.

IRNSS Integrated with GIS

GPS Applications

50

Recreation & Sports:

• Hiking, hunting, nature study, biking, golf, fishing, boating, skiing,

formula racing

Habitat behavioral study of animals:

• Fixing GPS Receiver and Radio collar to the animals

• Collect information on the where about of the animals through radio

signals and carry out habitat behavioral study of animals.

3/14/2016 51

Thank You for

Your Kind Attention

51

IRNSS System (1)

52

What are the challenges for IRNSS System?

• IRNSS L5 band is also used for ARNS services – DME/TACAN

interference near airports. Mitigation required in user receivers

• IRNSS S band is prone to ISM band interference (2400 –

2483.5 MHz) and other satellite based interference

• IRNSS uses 7 satellites. In urban areas, low elevation angle

satellites may be obstructed resulting in poor DOP and position

accuracy might degrade.

• Current / future trend is to use multi-constellation satellite

signals to increase availability of PNT and improve position

accuracy (more so in urban areas)

• All other satellite constellation (GPS, Glonass, Galileo, Beidu,

QZSS) has at least one signal on L1 band. Easy to integrate in

mobile phone (with single antenna and common RFFE).

IRNSS System (2)

53

What are the challenges for IRNSS System?

• IRNSS uses L5/S band, which is different from other

constellations. Integrating IRNSS in addition to L1 band in

mobile phones will need separate antenna and RFFE, which

may increase the cost and size of the mobile phone.

• To obtain precise IRNSS satellite ephemeris and clock

parameters (post processed mode) will need IRNSS reference

stations installed with large base lines.

• Compact wide band antenna to receive L5/S band is a

challenge in dual frequency user receiver equipment.

• Navigation signals are prone to interference (intentional and

un-intentional)

• Un-intentional (FM TV, GSM, Wi-Fi, ARNS, ISM….)

• Intentional multi-band Jammers (L1/L2/L5)

• Interference detection, mitigation, localization techniques

IRNSS System (3)

54

What are the challenges for IRNSS System?

• Navigation signals can be spoofed (more so for military users

near border areas)

• Spoofing detection, mitigation techniques required

• Multipath signals can degrade position accuracy (especially in

urban areas)

• Multipath mitigation techniques required in user receivers