,, fr '\,;iig

J t, I t1it i i, i :: I d. "/ $

* ir ..i 'e -.. s rer .*1j 11' F s.*. ,er,...,r r { '*:r 'ri i.P +t

INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCII

EVERYCHILD COUNTS

(REVIEW OF THE HEALTH AND WELFARE OF CTIILDREN T,INDER

3 IN RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS TOWARDS PREVENTION OIINSTITUTIONALISATION AND THE EX?ANSION OF FAMILY CARE

ALTERNATIVES IN THE RTP1JBLIC OF LIT}ruANIA)

|,:r)LbLictrrn',]v, t{ r,'r' 14rtr r'crrlistsicanolti.llNtitLrlclo'socillr.rfirch(l'ithuanra)orrh!|xsi\rl rl,,'r'1{r' rr,lv lr.vi.re otltc llcaltl ard Wcllxrc.l ( I' Ll'cr Uftlcr I irRcsnlcnrirl Ii\LLl 'r rL,\i'1,l"rv. rrnol lnslilulionalis.hon rtrrl Lltr ll\|lr rsion off'milvarrc l1.'oxrLr., tr'lr lr'ttrLr'1tr,, IiLlnrroi. (?01)'l) rcsults nnl 'trrrls ol rhc i'tcmationrl

s.iciriln t),r r ', ,'r"' r' Nlrlr l\'cry Chil.l Coult (Afrrl:l)()5. \'i' irs)

lnSrLr!.rL r, ', \r'lrn,k\lhylhcLJNl(iEIRcljioulOln.l,'rhr(]unmonwerlLhol

' ! rr dtrL I L, rrrL lii'ol. and tlc BalLic\. (;crtr \r' s\!'L1cnand.

l,ir, Nrri v ,,r llcrld ol thc Rtprblilr 1rr l h rnir Cood[r''L,l ! r , rlrr '( !i'l\ l)ilisio1 of PcNrrl ll..'ll Molhcr and Chila\

0vnli Prulauskicna. Nll). Nlrrl Vilnils str ll.ir|r )\ , ,,rl[,,{ trtLniskicn0a.tMt.lt,$.](1 5))r)fl' rl,lirx:(8-5)l6ri1'101

, ' , rr'i I r S.c[l ltcsc.rtl]. sdror'lsliLrjlr . !!. I l:08105 \'rlnitrs flr1r ,r ' r,, r rr^ L 1r ' /1 ltl r)6. c nall: sti(4ktl.nrii lr

Sr, i ., r ,lr 'i'rL' r1,'l:. lhb. Dr Ant s V"il'l,rtrs Mnrulionis, cn[l:

llrrl, , L,t I'L' ',lr,lir{trrir sliklas, sviklrs.nr)llllrrr, !r

Irr'' Ir'l!, ii, LftLx Kuznri.kaita, A'\r, , virailiius MaLlr!i.nis.

,\Lr, ,, rL , rlr'lt lLLL,,lr,l(u\lurissviklas.AilnaVnl!hra.lrnnuGZrlnnicra

! \, r,l,r' Nlr,Llr,'s

r,,qr ,,,1 i

CONTENT

KEY FINDIT*CS Or.'l ltx sTUDY(by Edrardas Kastuth s!,k16)...... _. - -._'.r. Go/\l-s olTrrE REsElRcfl ANt)1,|I fllOttr tl rl(.\ tb, Ll'., d.. t\ r' . r\'r

l.L Coals andlasksolrcrc!rch............ ......llll

1.2. IUcthodologyolrcscar.h...... . ..tl13 The lra lrendsofsuncy ..................12

lLDn.lrocRAPHrcsrTU,\TloN(byAlgirnanlasAlJnN.sMnrikat .. .......l5.. ..15

2 2 F\ lra Dfjlnl clrildr cn

III. CIIILDREN CUARDTANSIIIPSYS'I'E}I AND ffsI'RTNDS IN I,ITHIIANIA,SlII \1lO\ Rl \ lL\\ B \sfD O\ Rf\L \kr tt Rt \t I t S Lt-J . n, 1..;x.,.,,... /

3.I lbtio of insliluln,ml anl conxnn ty soa ilnship..... ......... .... .......... 183.2. Sinrationolgufdunslip rnf.Diilyrylc caft homes and famllics. .. ............ 203.2.1 FrmilyrypecaEhonrcsasarrnsrirurionotchildenardianship..................... 203.2 2 (iurdrushrp in finilics 2l3.2 L Motilationand nLcenlives of srddians lo lakc ure ol cniklrcr.. . ........213.3. rnLnthomcs ... ..........24

l\,_ cH ,DREN.S HEALI ll, (jIIARD!INSH|IAND ADOPTION ....... ...29.1 I Regulniiorolhcallhcrtuscrvicestorchildrcn nr$Brourrry(byCcnouiraPauliuskicri) .. ...... .. .. . .. .. 294.2 rrcililics md health carc and odn.rlnnr seNiccslrovldcdt' inri.lhonres (byl-ill.la Kublickrera) ........ . ........31.13. Gurudiansbip(by Lorela Kuznr ic ka i ti) .............. :J5

'1.4. AdoplioD (b! l-orel! Kuznrickaitn) ................... .4t

\" DA'I A OF TH E Htr,{UI'II AND WFJI,IiARtr OI.'CI I I LD RFJI'UNDF:R I IN RIS| DUN A I_ INSTITUTTONS .................43

5.1. Socirl ch.rncie.islics (byAnrdas Viryilijus Matulionis) ... ....135 I I Social cbaractcrhlics olp .............. .435 r.2. Social clramct$hli.s oJ childretr... ... ........... .... 4j5.1.:1.Tncsolgurdiansbipandpos!fttivesofadopiior.................. ....50

5-2 Childrcn,s pl{em€nl and liri.g in intunt tronrcs (by A n yd.s Vngitrj s MltutionG)...515.21 Placcnrcitat i.Jirnl lonres .. .. ...51

(-i lnstituic lor Social licscarh

5.2.2. frcqucncy ofcbrld s tlaccmenlalinhnt|one. .. _'- 51

5.2.3. Clhildt agewhen hc/shc/hasb€en pla.cdat nrliinl honcirnlimc . ...J1

5.2,1 Dur ation of lvnrg in itrfant hon$ .- .5'l

5 2 5. Child's visiling by Srcnrs and othcr rclatiles ln infant [ome .. . ,' ,' 51

5. l. ltedth st{lus (by Loretn Kdmickaira). ... " ' 56

53I Deveiopmctrlalquotient . ... "56j 1.2. Physical sotus.. ....... .. ... .. ' ,'' 56

5l.:l Groupsofheallh........ . .. ''595 34. Diagroscs .. . ,'''n535 Ther.PY . ",' ,','61

5,.1. Socirl, econodic d ffnnndal itdicators ofinlanl homes

(by Edua,.lasK(stulis Sviklas)....... .. 62

5,1.t. Numbc' ofchildrcn. __ 6l5.1.2. fddnrB ofinstnutions.. .. . ... ,',' 6J

5 4.:1. Expcnditure ofiNtitnd. ... ... . . (JJ

5 44 leBonnclworkins witl children .. ' (J/

545 Frcilirics ofnrfint homc ...68

5,5, Survey of qperls (by Loreh Kumickrilo). . . .. ... .. . ... ,'' 69

5.6, Attittrd€ ofi,ithutnian itrh!bit tstol,.ds adoption !ndgurdi,nship ofchildr€n d€pdved ofparentnl crre (hy Loreta (umi.kaite). . .. ,' ,' ?5

5.?.ConclusionsoftheSttrd](byFduaIdNKeslutlsSviklat. ..'11

vI. coNFERn-'{CE 'MAKtr trVERY CITILD COUNT" . .. .. .. 81

6.1, Summary ofkcynote Pr.scnt{tion rt thc conr$enc€

"MrkeErery Child Counl" on alterutivts (o institutiondisrtionorinrots undcr l (ty Kelin Brorne, Birninghtm UniYc.sitv' UK) . . . , ' " 3l

6 2. R.soltrtion of tllc Conf€rence "M!ke Ev€ry Child Count" hcld on April l8' 2005 " ' 8]

FOREWORI)

ln April 2005 thc intcinaftn'al !cientrlic prclical ..nfcrencc E\ery ChiLd (l.unh d'kplrcc nr Vilnils Al lris con Jtrence thc stu{ly Rclle} ol theUedhhaDd WclairoolChildrenUirderti,R, ,r .llr '.:.,\'^\ ., l!\.r|nr..rtn'.nrr,,.r''J',n,lrh..t,t"r ^,.,ir,,\CreAltcrnativcsinLheRcpublicoll-i!Nanin.condu0tedbythclnstirrrcbrSocnLlResear.htr2004,rvbi'nroduccdinl,ithMninlb$efisttimcThdrnnoldrcsludywast.cxani|elhehertdsfutus of infan]-s rnd childrer undcr lhc lgc ol 3 yea$ living iD slrlc !ur.dianship lrsiilulions,to analysc lhcir social demoArapbiL chnracLeristics as ucll ds ro identify lhe rcasons l' ltcnpl.'..r" n' r ...r."lur' ^ r.. .Firrio" ... 1.r-ro,l, n..r!rr i..t,t.

llr0 conErencc was li.rcd at ntlrac(nrg aLLcrrion ol Lrlhuanim $cicly. pokrc'rns ddsle0ialks to lntdls rM ohildrcn u.d( Lhe rge of :l yca$, rhd hid becn livnrg vithout t)acnrsor guardians in statc inslilulioDs. sncc nrcir biflh. .s well as ar cons $ins drc drcnratives toinslitutidrl crre in odcrto cnsure theighl of$c chiid ro be ised in.limily.

Thc conlerehce las orgxnizcd by Lhe Mnrislry ol Hedtrh, lhe a,onmhrcc odHcalth Aftins of thc SDnnrs and thc lNtllur 1o' Social ltcscarcLr tL *ns suppoicdby lhe tlNlCFrF Regional Orli.c lor Ccn{hl rnd llastcrn Furope. Lhe Conno0\,cahhoflndependcnl Stalcs rnd drc Bxltics, rcfrcscnicd brr drc p.oicct mana{cr Ms. Ma' ry Rrilndranlh,o".r '.r\.,.Jl.J"rrno1rb\'.o$e'.'.\"\o,,1 aln.r,rr'rcFetrt ^rtr,u.,.,thcControllerforPFtfrlnrofdreRightsofthcChildofdreRepublicolt.iltruania,LneNationatIlealth Councll, lhe Mnrisirv of Social Secunty and l-abou, rhe Mmisry of ktn.xrion and

\4'1r ". rer.. .,'t h b.,!r( .o' ') i"r n ., ,: ,,ur,,c. t" ,,r,,r.with dcvcl.nnte!hl disabiliiics, non go!ernDrenhL .rganlsr(ions. \r'ilnius llnivcrsil!, K!unnsunivesiLr ofNfcdicinc, dre Umve$ity ol llnnriighrn (Prot Kcvin Rrouhc) ud employecs otdife.cnt rcscrch rnstitutcs

Thesociologicalsludy ReviervofLh.Hcdlthrnd \tllirr. ol(lhiklrcn Under I inResdcnliaLInstiluri.ns towards Prdcntnn ol I'Nrirurionalisarion and rhe Extansi.n ol ta,nih CarcAlLemrtives ir thc Republicol Lithun r "!!sordered by rhcN{iilsrr! ot tlerhh.tth. R.pubtic.f l.ilhu nr, .nd fundcd by the UNICIIr Rcg.Ml Ollice ibr acnrral and jr$rdn Europc, thcComn.n{calthollndepcnde.tSELcsaddlheBaltics Irwrsca(iedourbyrbctDslil ctorsocinl

,\s nrc li6i sucn study in Lidruuia, rhis p.virlclL lmnorLnlt rlo.matio. on rtr. snualron.ffic irlinls. lhc r caor lor drcn phc.nrcnt. thcirbcdd srluation.lhc ltlrolcarc rnrl seNiccsprovid.d, th. governirg lcghlatnnr. dd ltedback by fbfcsrnrn ts lvho Irolnlc sltno.L tur the

Thc c.nlerencc discnsscd thc hs.sures for imlrovn'g lhe heahh of tntanl\ rat childrenund( the age of :l ycars Nto Ine in slarc insliLurions as wcll as rhr atlcdltrtives ro inslimlionaLcarc (fa'nily strardiroship, adoptbh and iirmil!-tyfc caLc) t{sresscdrhcrcccssny oj developinCa 1ocrl, conrmnnal syslcn ol preventior in L ithunin and giving padiculJr nttention ro taniticswhile prcvidiig thenr $ith mcthodolosical rnd nnancix \uppo'r nd tcachnrs ,d,n ro solv0

1l h , pl.astrr. 1nr mc to inroducc L[c book rviucn by ltrcsorcntils lcalnolLhc rnsLrrurc torSocial Rcsearch on thcbasis ofth.nati.naistudyrenrlrsand rcpor(s olLheconfcrcn.c

I hopc drat tlis hooLr vill bc of great infcsr Lo scienrnc a.d strccdisLs ot LurotcaD.omtrres bccausc, a trol: Kevin tsrowne (Bnmnrgham Universiry, UK) statcd, lhc s(Ldy rsamong th. besr on thhsubjcd rnd dre relon musr bc widely strarcd.

]tr :1tr.l11.'/1h.l 1ti( Rqubtn o/ Lnhtxhit) <'d7-:> i i')i' u \ Pu't'0 ilt

INTRODUCTTON

,^ll|cco.llrencc'ManirgLhcnumbcrandcharacldislicsolctritdrenrdd.r:lttri'Ritu nrsaros Elropcrtnskofhann (Copcnhrgen,200'lj ilwas rccogrizcd Lhrrbabies adchinkcduidcr3 yeals.fdsc, beng inlo in(iLutions $idroui parcnls or lnsFFDrren( for a feri.d Lonslr Lhan 3nronths, c.nld prulokc thc sl.sdo$n olthen intcllc.tu.l. erno(ionnt and physi.at dclctopnren(.which rcalLv lnrcrtens childBr\ hcllrh and innnrgcs on ttreir rign6. A chitd shoutJ hc r.mo\ e.tlionr the fanriLy only nr cxtrenr€ cascs rvhcn lln car for his hcaLL[ or LL is maloidabte

Tnc abovc .rdnLioncd C.!.rhxge conilrcncc has dc.larcd rhe key princittc (vkio.) orcbild health carc ind weltlre: .hildrcn rndcrS lerrs nfrgc shoutd nol b. phced into chitd.cncatc institutions lor morc than I nronths rvithout parenrs or

'lu!di{ns. In Lithuani", 46 of

l0 000 nrfanls and.hild'en undd 3 ycars ol nse areplaccdinto srdr i.strlutions Bythh indiLxLtr,ol12 cotrntries thaL took pft in thc rcsclrch Lidtr.nia i?s thc nih. By the nun er oacriL&d,pla.cd nr shte nrstitllions Lnhu.nia vls out Jn by tle Czccl Rcpublic (60 chitdrcn), Bclsnnn(56), Latvir(55), ard Bulgad! (50) Mcanwhilci. Estonia rhc ntrmbcr wrs only 26 and in potrnn

A kcy pond \ras also tmclaihcd lh.( noncy nrus( inlo$ a cnitd, and thc drnd nn$r g.o$,upunds thc cec ol tlrosc sho observe his righh and sarisly nis int..css morc property.

Thc resea(h ofthc hcllLh nd carcslalc olt,ithulni.n chitrtrcnutdI ye s ot lgc ftrccdin stalc idsdu(ionswas b,scd oo drekcyllolisions ol thc abov'mlnLioned coniarcDcc

'lhe obiect olthc rescuch is infanis ad chit&en urdcr I yc sotrgeftaccdinsixslrrecarc nrsliLurions:5 inlirt mcdical care srrtc itrstinrtioN-homd !i'r infantswith detdopmcntdisorders {nr Vdnius, (auns, Klaipcda, lltrus dd Sia iai) rld I c{rc home (ALgitu..t s

Bandza nl ljinl and childrcn care home of?ancvi4,s), i.e. rhc.rof ofrhisage grcW inslimttonaliscdchildicn is corr€d. ID Lhhuanix lhe grealcst runrbo of rfans m(l.hitd,en under I lcars ol.geundd statc c.re are placcd in dre nredicalcarc iirnil]dons. Thc,ori,, tuf{nt ho,n€$iI bc 0scd

Dnrnrg thc rcserrcn, socio dc ogr.phic chrLrr(islics (age, gcntt$) ot Lhe insiruti.nali?crtinli'trts and .hildred undcr :l wcrd anllyz.d; bcsidcs, $e rcasons fo. !.d thc pcriod .t $ctrinsitotionaliz.tion, and drer health stlle on lheir arival to (he institulion .nd on Novcmbd t.2004 (thc dat€ reSistcrcd during our rcscarlh) $sc extuni'r.d. The leveL otscllncss ofinfantsandchild'cn undc.3 rnd Lhe lictors thai bdve nrnucncc otr lbensrxte ofhcatttr. dre need for hcatti,sc0i.cs &d care vcrc a$ essed.

Thc lnllowinB q'6 ideDtrne{l: drc Qsons tor tnIahL.nd ctitdro plxcdnent in sarcinslituLinrsj dre dratlotr ndfreqncncy.rptacencntnra.arenstirutionrvisirinsofachitd(Nhooflh.lamily.nd l.$ oflcn coDrc ro vislrr child)j sralN ol d nlinl or a chitd Nnhrcgad ro c.ftesiablishnenl or prosf ccrs orhisAer ad.tlioh.

'I he rescarch ako !.alyzed thc kcy nrticrroB ofthL rnlints h.,ncsr ch$ge in rhc nunrbe,ofinmrlcs ol nrfant home (!ni!als and deprrures in 200? tOO4, dGriburjon by thc rcao sofadvalatrddcpartue)fihancnr!ofi.fanthome.sourccsof]nrmcnrg,cxtchditure.ndilsslrucrre.

It also adrlyzed thc herlLh c.rc and cducnLion sc.viccsi mnrerial basis lbr rhcsc s.rlnrsseneml mrtcrid bask and shle of hfant h.nros

''Thc lendenoy toplacechildrenfrom (vstunclionaj lirmities in s|)cciatiscd insrituLnnN is stilsLrong.In Lithuanid, Lhe numbcr olstrch chiklren is abour t.l lhousxnd h is likca dctavcd rdnnrlrmL 'oi[F"er/r-,. //r'l.rldr .:00 \^ r] t,e ^tJ,.r.u!n.ro, rrlonrback to s.cicg/ but usually rhe} Iiil to rcadjusL. Thcy hc.o'ne vrcrims, dinrinats or is( toscrs,

Thi! is rlso ilhsnalcLlbv Llre dnk olourrcscarch: n rlhds ol nmny rcstondc $ (nrdttcr ofst'te

:":. ,":,;;;';;;.; : ran'iry bur ,n r cd,c invir'tu' lhus rr rs 'nr'rrJnr

nn' ro ht(

I.i,i,il.. "i"i'-t";r'.",' ou, uhrrpsu(hrr:n'r) rvtrrJLror 'rr::s Pc'rr'r'"''drr'

;"ft.,;;;;;;,;.;;;,. ""rc insrirutio;s is Dot to$iLrrc in Ltre ncar ftrtruc;h'{cvd thosratc

and vJnous ruhl'( nrgn'sJr'uns should ru'rc for dDl-' '

^"1'i', ',,i. ' ., r,r.", ,. (J,l\ rclJn,l ri'- ! .unft irr' 'I J"Jl" ' nrl dbudr

.ri".",* "i i,'ij',t .",r .r'irarcn homcs atso intcnsi*e nun'ng a'ld snei'l @lv cdueation of

.i,ii'"".i," *,- *. -.ole af po$ibLc disodss dsessnlcnt of rhk 'acLffs

Md rurlicxtion

;;::;;;; ';":;i::";i.".,hc rrisser pro!.irrihv $d rhos' disorders witt not shov nrniugn

lniuLhrvJy, u'c (€rh ha rR lbrrowirrF rcvA'!l'l '""i" "i1,^.. ii'. *r.,.' " ',,J 'r'on

or hc.r''\\:JJ'r'J'r'n! d hcn''iro 'uths€dics at inlirt h;Ns;'" "'; - ;;;; ;i ,"","mendnrtuns 1i'r drc imrhv' cnr ol trris sit ltio bv ibrcsccing

llotu"r"*'.", ,iO'c_,-' !u: 'Jrdor''rtincrow''tlsrltp Nplegorlof mql'mljtrq$

--i.1! _A.l"ld ur rr\nlr'(n.(Ixrrcrry lf,rrc'rn'8Lr' '\hr !r m rbr_rskfl''r'rr Ln'

,..i.,1.,."r,,*r.r"*'" '.''.r,n

."i t r"r'crr''^n' !l \i'! ' h 'r n l'rra 'rr'mJFnIr;;;;'";,;'*, "'

$ci.r scn'r b" rr(r'ivrhnor ' omorrdirv t'e' it N*Jr rrrctrts

,',i har..*n"* 'u,a f,ts ' l'r'lrg! r' rJri (or'cfln i r'lt' 'u'(l-rlJ\\;lilr'

2003)'"" ''o,,*.*"tt*" "* n,".tol to dD ctr{iovccs or'Mo$er xnd chiL(l's Hc'll| cire subdrvision

"t 'r,;;ilt]*,;r ti;;i;, ,,rnc Mtuist'vorHctrLrr' ro rrrc ricrds a d cn\trivccs or $e nnbr

hona lbr lhcit rinccrc ad i |DnNl hclp-"" "^:;.i';;:;;; ";i

."';r'i,1(itotio;ar odrc olinrdns rdclon ror rhci'rhce'Ent lbr rotrscr

,n,"' ,' ,"""i,,t'*J"u*'"t''" nr*n isms ror rheir caro drd 0rorccrion tu I lirmilv mlirondmr

,"."'"n,","U.*aU,. *at *h/''lrn frJ($"rur 'rJ$ nrt 'nJlp'lir'r'rr'_*^rLjruwJd'",i'",,1.''i" ,r*" 'r','rrB' \'nr"( Ic'r rliv" lrr:r 'un

lju'rirrjnod orl" a''

rlnn I montl* widnur D$c rs or arqji ns'

KEY FINDINCS Ol'THI,I S'I'UDY

I heyoutrgcsl molls whoibandonql l'$child *:Lr only l3 yctrs ofagc. whdeN lhc lldcstoncqis.16y0ars old. lhe aAcolrtenrqority (noredrononc third)ol

'no6c6 t tgd liom 30lo

39.1hD mjority ofnorhc^.rc $employcd.4'j6 ofth.m nrc s{l{urcd by drc statr ind Nenrd disrbilily pcnrid As d10 rcrcarch data show' thc cdnclrion ol only onc third ol nrorh0rs is

sc@ndrry or high which dillcG nom lhcgcncnl lcvclofcducalioo ofl.ilhuaiian $onlcn ODly,l.q, $onr.n lEvc hthlr or sncompl.iod hiShs ulucatnm.

liren lcss k knorn abrft fathe6 ol infirnls flaccd in irrnit Lrohlosr nlfbrnnrLion i$ avtril{blconly about one drid ofthsn (l:l%). (t'ly 8% ollith6 worl,2%ol lllon arc sltpollcd hydrcshLe,8'% arc nrvolved in.nother c{ivitios a d I4r% rN unenrplotcd Nodringis ktrowtraboul tl'crcsl'lhccd'etionldclof lhdrsiscvfl nNerthanlhrtofmothlrs.

On Novenrbcr 1 , 2004, six i int hoN€s hnd 365 inl.'nts .nd childrcn udd l'Ihe nr)stncqncnlly shled rcason was a dish monn\N htrnily. l his accouns lb. 53% ol

all rasns iM'cad- ( lqrly, rhe* cas6 c.n bc supplcrnentc{ by rhc folnlwing oncs: rGkictcd

D cnlll nshrs (9%). p!rcnts lhenNellcs renouucci thct cl'ikl (59/!). lnrqxal viols'ce (l%).A.orhcr ll]N d6c to lhc ahov€nn.ntioncd oncs is inpriso ncilt ofl){r.rlr (2%) Tius, ? ouL ofl0 iihDts wcrcphccd hintrDt hoBd duc lo p,r'blcin tlmilics

ANtl.r gro{D of rcso.s is @htcd 1o povc(y. Tliis ! s itrdic.lcd cven ni 2l% ofquostionMir6 Dcf n.ry- $is edson .ar b. onclatctl *i$ a silun m in problcm hmiliLs, in\ylli.h ll'nily nEnb.$ arc xlo.hol abN.$ rd nnlict violci.c.

Clwly,lhac gtuutB ofrcetrs may h. rclarcd to thc long (.rm illrtcssofl'annK (indidtcdnr clery tenUr qucsrionMne), singlc p rcdr la'nilics (mo( oftcn oo$istn,s ofn sitrel{ motheo(9/o) and tt& lcqtrdtol { nolhd 1o accqn infdx (12%).

Onl) onc ll.rcmr of inlirnrs wcrc torrl onh.ns, i .. having no oarcnls ar all'flris m{y be rc re.v'n for difcrcnl nl(urc ofhiiul gtr di shiF: ono fou hol nrfa LsiI

Viltrius Md KlaiFida a.c udcr pcmancnl gurdian$io, whcEs rlE.c is only l % ol such nn nts

'11'e nst dynnmic situntion is h Atyt s and Siautiai, $hcrc thc majrrity ofinlilnF hnvcgood prospecLs for dot(ion *hercns nbre thnn hall oi inli'nls in Pnndat)E and Klaipedn havc noprosrJects. This is dclenrined by LllchealLh srale ofchildrcn bcc. sc. as itwds Derlioncdbelore,disblcd childrcn lule fcw chands to bc ndoprql in Lirhua'ria. In addirion, ir slnuld h. srr$\edlhrt iew i ldtl havc bccn adopt€d !bro!d.

4l%ofinlanK dchil{hnundertheagcofl$cNpticcdirinfa tbomcsfiomholthcareiNtilutnn$,34% lod the d.parh€nt ofnNnarology ofi hosOibl, l8% lioh their pnrcnrs

lidily, 3% fron lnothf gu.rdinnship insli$nion, 2% froln drcir relativcs limily nnd 2'%

'15% ol iDfanlsandclildren utrdc.3!l&cdin inl:mthonlcs c notvisitodbya ybodt 329lo

arc visitcd by tcir 0mnlr, rclnrive or oou p@nlc lcss Orn oncc p.r .onlh, I l1'0 Mc visiLcd oncepcr monl.h 4% of inlanls and chil&en under 3 are visikd cvery two wceks, 6% €vuy $cet rnd

Thcdcvciop,nmtal quolienl lof,.d lhd ?0war dcrcrDincd lo 2?% ofirranb a.{ chil{lren allerlncirplaccmcnl in hfanrloDcs.l hc dcvcloFlenLrlquori.Dr ol.lli% .Ichildrc! accomnrrd.tsd nrinf.d homs was highcr rhan 70 Howcvcr, ir should be noted tl'il dle d.veloFrdtal quoriorl ofevfy fourth childfhccd ir inli'nr homcs was nol i'dic.l.d

AsotNovenbs I,2004,lIfr wtrc2l%of childu inrlli f!flitotrllswhose(cvelopnrenlalquodent was k^ver lhan 70.

1

trtun fic J(r{mrn.daNn I rnrrnr hdnc( Jirsnosc' *('( r"rJc n' rnr'rnh nnJ 'hrldr'n

. o" in'.,t."'i r,", n"r "nc'l ^a-

qu'Ji'^no*J r' 25 Jr'h:l'IJn r \JdFc'" r 3)""

iiree disca;la b l 8%, fo ! dhsdses lo I l% md fi \a diseNd to l 0%_ '- iii" -,,. r-or"* **.c ol infad homd is dE srite bldsc! Thc hudacr'rv iix\L$ @tml

r'". rr.*"",' qiv" ^"1is"/" "f"ll

lirnds ofthc insrit(rioN Funds 'llocated

for Lhe nrlcmenl tio

.i ^"..'"i.-.*'.*. 'J* ts,,V!!irrrnl' r'lnld''1r" Beh'Jlrhv P Ic'1Y"r'"lf'1dv,,'i t,i""a+l"r-.,r.up""ft'nproponionlqu c'smallonc'ol lheimdins''"

l" "l 'i,,"", '.i,"i

m;* ..""i"" p"t o r Iunai''g o' 'uppod

Ghlritv) bodr rioN nnturur nd

Iqjrl;Nor rrom atn'ad ma Lifiuanii llo*cvcr'irh not a srrblc iMce of 'undinsr

drcanou t

.r"i:",ial *i""Jain* *".y yw (in 2002 n,nadc 'tt)

r'fl i7? rhous. in 2001 url-?66 rho(,

n' 10ol Ll l- l24 thN)- " nt" "',r.,

p".i"i:,1-p.'tdituro consisF ol cxpondiLu( 1br wagcs nrd sdloliLr (nr il!1ividurl

t"rt,,;'il,;;ril arc dom $8% (Mhius) to 60'l. (Px e!i'vs) Anorhcr hrjor soups or

---n,i*" o.^**rn,. ",nuuiriu

.shichdn rhc Jvcr4!accours lor 8e'or rll qncn'liturei

""i'.'l ' '1,.'r'.,i1*. ",,rrF".(' I vrd' dnr I ' nurvrJlJl! 't' hon'' nucrLrr! rru 'l60! ro

i,i;. r-.'""11*"i.'"r'.",.,,,,1 1c'o:nr unlvf'rnburrr" ur rrrc t'hl e \|rnJirur ":

atrloqh, rn.l,lTo4r nrars homs il nu.lurl6lrorn 04" ro l loo Sucl' in undrnnFsdo6

i." i'i* li,.*.'* i.,r'" "* ol {rc sulpo( rumh: i' somc ion'nts homcs thc fi ds ors ur''t.'"r";-*,' ".

lu . 'r: t" I rir rq' bh rl or f\rm ' curn r'' Jrojro h('lrr'l rb rr r'{r)

-.i-;. sh,lc i. urh.'s'hc] NUsdl r": DryothtrRedt-'-'i;.;';';"'.*.-; 'rn sb in'r .hrr'r'<n undd Ihrtr

u.",' ;;;;.';.. ,,". i;'w'1et,. r'8N c, rd or' InJrnr'J'(uu'tr J(rrour 'd0r

iil*iiii*, '"

io.-oli 'l,iri.i(as,

in,r in 20oa (o!r 'di'''er it *irr anFunr ro 20 000 r'ios

'- - ii*.4*"r,* n*rofuE nmtrtrcl w'rlingsith chrldren conlplie wnh ftcqualihcnrion

,.q"t.;;;i'..','. -*.,.g lhitdr€n's 'u$es (5)r Llftuuics (e)h vohishcr oduodion lhJr

$trois$ ln. roh cqunure t- iii J..[".

' i". .r **

'Jr,sb .mr ncLt'loeus I'Jvt hrshc'

'Lru(aton 8 /" or ( h'rdm s

nunN hnv€ sDcrirl high cducdrion

I. GOALS OFRESIIAIICH AND METHOI)OI,OGY

t. 1 GOAI,S,{ND IASK$ OrRI:SEIRCII

\tuh (o' .rmr(-M,,lrlrn-q tnurnburnd"hrr''.r(rr\ft(.oirhihlm ndc' t 'nn'tor'dns

iercss Effopo afisl< ol hrnn (CoNtrhagon.2004)ilwisrorogriT.dthrrbxbiesrrrdchildr.n!odcr:l ycars oi rgc, bcilrs irxo in{iufinrs }i(houlp r.nls o li)$cL parcnl lnr n pc,nd lurgs lnrn ]n'odths, could Drovolc rhc slowdosn ol lhci. inlcllellul, edotiomlad fh'sicnl dc!€loffrom,wni0h rcnlly Lh.crlens ohiklrei s hcll(h and ilfrnrgls on th.ir righls ,4 chikl should b" rc'novcJ

lron lfic tamilyonly h extremc cascs wh.i threnl f.rhis lrerlLh or lifc is uD!voidrblcTno abovcnnentionql Cotahlgen conf@n.c has de.lrc{l lhc key Dnnciplo {visnrn) of

ohikl hcalrh cre $d \rclfarc: childr.n urdcrl lcrrr oa ag. shoul.l oot be PL.dl inio chikl.cncn'ri.stilutionsto.more lhan:l nonths vit[ou( p,rentf orfoslerpt.enlc. II Li$u!nid,4(oll0000inh.(s dil.hildr.n udcr:l yca6 otr8. NthceJ inlu sfnlo iNlitutnnrs llltfiisi dicrlorol 32 o$trios fiir bok Dm in thc r6cid LnhMni. wis lhc ifh By tlc nunrb.r or clildrcnplald ni $aLo i.sLiturions LithurDi wls outrai by tlD ( zecl R.public (61) chiLd.crl, lcGiudr(56). Lalvia (55), rnd lnrlgaria (50).1\IexDsllilc irEslonia lhcnumbd wrs only:6n d d I'olnnd

Duringthoresearuhsocirlden!)sdphi.chmct.rsties(Jgt-gcndurrolinlilnbnndclrildr.nundcr:l thcc nineinl;rntLroDrcswil be!tulyzcd,drcreasotrslbrLhcirlhccmctrlwrlLbedclincd.lhc pcrio{ ofsray in s(lie insrnulions is wcllN lhc ndrlth slalc sDon aFiv rnd rLFrssenl.

Faolors dc{cnni'ring thc hulth shlc ol iilani-s rd .l'ildror mdd I n' insriturioonl c .e villbc asdcscd xnd F$siblc ftlicalds ol herlfi s(ilc Nonitoring willbe frulocd. Thc nccd lorh..ldr.rrc seNices by ratrts an childrci undn I silh dhordt$ viu bc dclcrnined (how nrnny rd

what hallh arc scryiccs a( nelqary by inliin8 nnd chinhn ulder I dacL! udcr Eunrdirnshipir srlle nrnrluLions, wh!( fl opor riod of drs. inli rs lnd childr.D ceJshcillhc re s$vilts rodwlal proponion nccds only Strartirnship scr!icct.

Thc Hsons for pl4enrmt in nM dcpanwc lm r intinl lF'ncs durinS lhc lAl l yc!^ willnlso be scL oul (2002-2004): rctua1 to Frcnts oiher r.l.liv.s- li'Dily'tlP dre homet, s$tcnrs(nxrions, non stdrs rsrrLutions.r rdoIlion ofnrc child

'tte &alysis ol lircto$ rirc kr shich childrcn *cre phccd nr nrfntrl homcs lvill bc canlcdost during $e r6c!roh. Factorr drl @{ld rnd should cnoe+c l& rcinrcgrdlion olehiklrcn in

Lh!bnnogical nlnily as wctlas placcmcnrofchildron iI oUrer liLorilics, ILmiLy-t]'!e catc lronres otadoption vitt bu anllr_zcd too.

I.2. ME'I'HODOI,O(';YOFRXSDARCH

()bj.ct oftho rc!0!r.h is infan(s $d childrcn u dq ll in iDlanl hom*.

Simplc orlh. de.rch it medicrl carc stalc n$ritultuns inturl honlcs lbr lflfan1.\ rnbdcv(,ot'. flchr di'udrs in 5,otrn'ics rvxnn's. KruDs. Krt'Fda, Atv!'snnd i' li randonecrrc lonle (PdDcvaZys Aleinant s Il ndn lJrn'nt nnd (rhild Cxrc Honrc) Ihc srnrple cov.rs rlltr,p{htion of(rc abovc mcnti.ncd asc Aroup placcd in infa l tonrcs,

t2

MUTHODOI OGy:L Anllysis of docuncnls colhclio. and analysn ofoliccrive dlll ofiolint homcs on

si l d.rsgiaphic cldracbriylicq of l6rcr childrd, lhe non for halth caE sdicB dd lhedcgrcc of irs satisllction, 8did, c.onomic, Iinancial, doncitic, working. Fork organizution andothcr conditions h ilfanl hom*:

2, Anrlysii ol indi\ido!|. oblectire drtr on tostcr cl'ildreo- rcuording of socialdehogaphic @so's, lhc 'w,$ for the lG of prrotal cnrc of u'ch f6tq child, his/hq hallhidicllors ind olhcr pardmetcrs in 1fic individual rccord cdrd and thc social lalysis of $cscpardttd- Il is pl.hnot to 6ll@t nlogical dab boul infanls rtrd childrcn undF 3 pho bnstatc n$tihtnns n' 200.1.

!- Srrey ol qFcrte an inreruiN-bascd su^,ey of dpcns (hcds anrl eqtloyer ol-irfant homes, agenoics Ior the prcrccrion olthc righls ol dlc child, NCO'S) condud€d in ordero dcrminc Uc pohical, lcgal. @onomic and socirl f&rm [Er @uld and slould inrhv€ thcp.ovision olhcalLhoarescNi.es hsll(c inslilutio.s nnd $ dtrblish th€ ftcrds rswell$ p.ovidctor lhc nrmns thal vould ocouruec childrcn'3 rcn&lnlion in llle biological lanily, a.loDtion orplmcmcntotchildron in oltcr tr mili$ nnd flnrily rypc c,rch.m.s.

I.3. TIIE MAIN TRINDS OI'TIID I|DSI' RCH

13.1. Srxicd.m.g..phl. .tr..olensli$ .a ina.rtr rtrdctildrcn undcr ! phed in irfnnl

'nre rdqrch will li'd out ge gmdcr. nntionnlity, 0lncc ol birrh d.NiolcnogEphicllancl€rntics (agc, cducllion, souhlstllL,t oi nothd(and lirdicrilpossiblc)IJ.2.Assesme oa .hild'3 herht sral c.

'lhe bclow mclhods will h! use! ibr thc Nscsisent ol thc shtc ol heahh of hlirts ndrhildrcn u cr I placcd in inlhnl homes.

lJ.2.l.rls*ssh.ni of .bild's pny$iol rt{.'lhephysicalstareof!childwillbolssesscdontworoordcddlics,nimelylhcdatcol-uivll

(o an insilo(ion and on Novcnber I.2004. A dhgrafl shet is lkd lor lne nsesmmtofDhysicnlsateofachilddut giveicurv6ofchild'! I'eigl and growth (l,ljRCENiAG! Mgl-l{OD)' Tlicicmcthods reonmend thc lblloiringlari xs to rsscss thc physiol rtrtc:

r, [armoniots growth 0rA),ryhcn the hoightis nonnrl (NI i.e. iL corcEDnds lo ftc age

or il is dcvi.nr arom rhc av.ragc onewilhin rhc permirred lihirs. Tl'is Hriant incl"ds childrm ofnvmgc hciglrt, mtficr slofl {nd d u hiSh children, !160 hiAh and slDa cfiildrcn (i,e. drei! hcigfiiis wiLth 3 and 9? pcrc€nlil.s), whrn all {te rerL indidlors ollhen arewth arc proF lion.lc to ficirhcisftt, thc drc ofg@*1n is trorm{l or ii moddnt€ly dcviatcd liom thc avcftgc onc (i.c tltc ralc ofsrowth is wi lllh 3 md 97 pq.enliles). Fbert l grov$ jurf is noilhal, a child h$ tro condan,$abo b.d hdllh, hc/slE ii xcrivc, hiME ov@ll stallls of h6ldr is withoo( my vivid dcvilrions,Thc physicalstai. ofohildrcD faLling wifinr this vadanLcoul{ be dclined !s lbllows:

ItAN: otavm8c hcigntHAN: i{Lher ston.llAN, ht6 nisn,llAN: fiigh,

b. -tl*nroniotr!

grcwth, whcn lh€ h€ight is m$Ciort (trAK) .nd ctearty aaik looilspord to rbc lgq deqtills 97 p€rce tile {H K; lery hiah) or lowcr rlxrn I t;rcent cs/H \K \4 rlF,r L mo Jtt,,rt., rndrr.uricv.rrsp.ld tu J,. h"g,,,,r,"., r".-*. "

p,.p-.,.,r,turcrunrl nui€&,^ do not tatu( dny ctcd, J i,ftons

(. Oish.hmnioc tdi\ptuponioh,rc) gblh {NHA). wtd tmc.. nk in<tishF rt , $it!tdflclol o.rl ol prcfln'or

' ro rl.. l'.ut' h iJ." ot ".,.1 dr"" Iou|in h8tuw11vurdl, hc rn,ti\,,un or

lhe hcighr slDuld bc @mBnicd by $c naruE ot<ti\hllreic gn,*{, do,elide *i; dje hcigh( . g.:NHA: av6a8c hcight, gat eeighr, or NH : vcry'holl, vcrl, grcal weilhl, crc.

Ll.2.2.ltirF6ir of. dird$. tCD-t0 (tntern.tionrt Ctristfcation of Oiscrr0s,,r.ctrthRcvldlon) wlll fto l,c u.ed aor ra3*ssDenl orinf.nt u.t clitdrcr hqlrh crre. $rilh thc hctp ot ICD, I O, thc dilgtrqis of chitd ! .tisease wi be cstablishcd on two fix.d

datcs: !ffival roa iNriru(ion lnd Novcmber 1.2004.

1.3.2.3, Crc!p of settbcss.AnoltEr indi. tor ttnt detind wcltnes ot. chitd is aftibutd oachild to o c of5 wethcss

groups cslabllshenon &e two lixcd daresr advst to an iNtitution .nd Novonb€r L 20{11

> Tftc I r hdl$ soup inclu{i6 chitdrcn $ithour lry dcfels or fun.tionat d iiordc6, chitdren whohavcsood orgadkn rc{otiliry {nd who lre nrcly ill wnh dcutctliscascs.

i thc 2d hcrld' Bm'p 'nctudN

ct t.trcn Nho rrc pnLri,.a'ty h.,trtD t.Lthk\., sL.r, rxlrr on,rtd',ur'rer.. JJqd n.!. ni . r r! L J.ihrldr{1qt,o rrc.ncn iltsnhr ur(tl,sedscsrnd$holldv(insignilianr ho4'lplogi.at dairdoc thar lhvc no imFct on rlEir dlitv dctn iLies_ also .hjldr,ithd\..ron n.rt-"rr.t JL\c,ocnc1. hrn.i,c no, ,cr.rcJ ro rnJu(ri""

"y,",".f:.,."*,childrcn *ho sdc iU wirh di fllrdl disqsq aid arc iu rr poriod orrc{onv,l;sccnco> Thc3ihcrlth soup itrctudcs children i \!i0 chr.nio discnscs in cohpcnslio staAe,.hild4n

wl'o trvc rt'ysi.al shdtcomi.ss, rcntnanr oeor.r€\ aftq raunFs, wirhd,r ;vnt mororIunoli.'ndirordeN.Sucnohildrcnarcabteto onnllly &1j$r ro nomal tivile co irions.

> Tne 4n hc'lrt erNt inctl(ls chitden who arc il with cnmhic Ltiscrses in sub-conpcosartonsirgolndwhoh!!enorthotogicstdisordc( rila!gr!v.(othend jlyedvitics.

> The 5uhc th greu0 inctudsdis$led pliisrs in {tecompensrdon srrge. also palicnls rvlD lavt

I.3.2.,1, DevclopDeDt co€nictctrt.TllLmcdbd n FoprEt'vcty nc$ an,t ,l ,s dpntred nor,n lltinh t h.nF.I,r!,ndn noj sitthJ.Lblrh.Jonh infiLi. rnfJnrhorrc.rh,ru.: . r sl(h i fan, tuna\it$r hecsub,bhcJon

lhc two 6red rtat6: arilat to an instiu{ion and Novmbd I, 2004

I.3J. R..$ns tor pt..emmt in ,. sltle i.sti(otion.Rgsons lbr ptaccnen r o f in fan ls ind ctj il.lrcn in nxtjturio !, d0rnrion rnd frcqucncyotsuch

lli:-:J.:'l:t 'i:quo.Id \Nrs4r rcdriraor,h,rdrd r*huand.n_.,.",o..i,..r,,ra; u"*

oI i ch't'i srrh rcFa' J lo crrc stahtijtqent rJNo\rc,r,otrdopr,or,cit,,tsuhc*r.rbti irJ

w

l5t1

r3,4. ,l.tivlty idi..aort of i ..t hm6Cbange in llc nubbc. ol innatce of infant lDmo (anilals and dcparturcs lr 2002 -2004

dtutrlbutim by dE Msrs of dikl dd dep..ture)

Financi;g of i.f.nt horc, souttcs orfnecin& qFnditurc 'nd

ils sFlElorc'

Slaffr €dMtion lnd silarietH€atth crre an.t educaiion seflices re.dfed al insliiutionsi natcrirl basis for thcsa senices'

II. DEMOCRAPHIC SITUATION

'lhe rnarysk of$.io{enDanpbic lircls drbles @nclusion thal the prcs.nr day l-ithuniosullAs tunr a denoesphic dcchrc rnd rapitl aging oi lhe populatiotri il h6 16r dchogBphicbdlecc, nnd d instir tcofn fahily undcrgocs transfoldnliors, which is nbo p'olod Liy rhs dauon dpid deree in binh-ntc duing lhe lst t*o deadcs dur fails {o s6ure cha{gc ofgcnqrlions,altuonouisprehdinSohubilltionsithootgerringmaniqla d on lh. inc@c in lhc number ofext

'daritlolrildren,etc,Cfiugcsiniirdilycreatiooandgivingbirlhlochildr'eneetvidclreoo3oilionin tte public nr.onnd oncs, St{co(tpcs oflanrilid npprovirg of farrily doiistil[tio.alisrtio..aod olddrluarion orhlvina ctildd incrcasinsly prclril- Aldbugh in Liftuanh chanso{ ir drassesrnent of flBily llfr sore or leis @ifcspotrd ro thGe in olhq European counltic, lhc stslofctnngd in a$*sheht is ore ol $c grcatest (dila olEsoFedn Voh€ Snrvcy. 1990-2000).

tlmogElrhic siMrion is ccrtai ly rclatcn to rhe number rnd wirh fomalio oftfre sbucrurcofchildrd placcd udd guardidship Thc key circutrl,ncs and fac1o6 ofdcnogriohic silu{rionlhatcondition fonnadon olihc nDcd lor ohild Buardianship aB lhc follo{ing: gcnc@lEihution od(dkls ot ns chnngd nr such sphfes !sbi[hs. inariagc, fdnrilyAabjlit!,r(c

ln Lirftltuk, 1fie hilh6t bifih-Etc wus recordcd i! 1950-1960, ic, 23 bn $ per 1000

inlabilanB (@62 thousnd bidns Ocr ya4. tntc( lte bidFEtc shrr.d going dowr (in 1980.

only 52 thouend b!bi6 wse boo) ln 1981, rhc birdFole sbrred aoing qr blr $is Arowrh latedo.ly scvdalycds. Thc spccdiosr dcclinc oldle birLFrncBuss.etr in 90sandar plcscnl$e bnth-nlc l@hq 6ly l0 thousa.d rcwbons t( ydr (Table 1). lllc avcmgc Dunb* ol-childlen thdt

. *on.n giv6 binh b dding her lilb 0obl fedility rdtc) h4 ale dnsidmbly d€rcB€d. ln2003 thc bir{rr.le indi.lld *dc a hiL btlr* lhc nunrbd ol hirfis in ?001 ms 502 highd fia.ir 2002

DvnsmlN.fhlrlh lndi.4drri. l99ll 20011

cn'lc l's li(y .rt (6idls po 1000

sb o olqreMihl liw binhs tolo)

S.ms: Ihmdraphic Ys iDr 2mz?ool} r4hiE l\Fdmdi orsr isri€ !.!E d!!

Ttc chmee in the nuhbo ofchildrcn is Also co nioied by srcl ftclors.s increase in 0tcn!mb6 ofbehelm (dala ofPopulatid ccns6 200I ), sprcrd ofvoluntary ctildl6snc$ (drc rlfltaoffMily md Bifihs show that in Lithunia abou! one bdrh ofyoug people e not going to havc

Thc ch&g€ in ll'e nhbs of childr€n is not closcly rclatcd to thc dyndmics ollhc nced hddldl fd child BwdiMhip. For examplc, in spitc of ftc deme ih birth ore, thc nuhb€r ofchildien placBi $da BuardiarNhip in I t95-2001 hrr in@scd !llM1 twice (lrcn 9,7 $ousnd

Thcg.outhinnrctr.cdlnrchiLdgux'didnshi!isdctcnntncdbythcincrcasctnrhcnumbe,otsinglcwoncnhruigsDrdlchildrcnralhcr!r.nblwomcnwho\rnllortsc.hitdrc|rtoncThenumbm ol nich rvomcd ls rnc'casing bccrtrsc otdeattr of. spousc rnd b{aus. oldivorcc

Basing oo o$cial stdristics ol snch ticlJ rhe dlnami.s oI lhe r.gisrcrcd md,nrses anddivorces bc..rncs vivrd, alth.ugh rve krol thar conrbitation is s]rlcdnrs 1irc.lli.,xl sLtLinrcsslioNs rhnt durnrg Llrc period in qncalion rhc numbd ot divorrcs {irh rcxard to njxdaEcs h s1,"11'r{r \\l'.1, tJ.ritl]On.rrd...r, 0u,rh,.,no,,.,,.t62,4";nrd in 2001 it reacncd 69,9. The numbcr ofrttvorces falling ro t00l] n rxhihnlr r.tarvelvde(re .' l, r.r 'tr o r"i.rJe,r,.lt t',t.an.rnti.,(J,,, urt '.,,tr,.Jd-.

o;mrriascs pcr 1000 i'nrabitants) rnd 12,717 dirorlcs {3,.1 di!or..s per lO(]0 intfbirasts] *0rcrcgisLeredj rvhilc in 200:l rhc nuhbcr olnaniag.s ry6 l6 9t5 (1,9 pcr lO0l] nrhrbiL&lt and ttraioldivorcesvas l0 599 (:1,I lEr I0l]O inhahitanls).

Srmilarl)I.c€$esarcalsonoricedmothcr.ounliesofCutupclorcxanftc,inLheBatrrcStalcs fic numbcr ol drvorc.s falln'g pcr 1l]l]0 ofidhrbitants $as ds tolows: Ir Larlia in l9!0 itwas4 0;in200l ilNrs24iinEs$ni.in 1990 iLrv6l.7j in2O()l iLsasl.t.

Durnrgthcpenodnrq cstion, ltre .ttntrdc to\r rdsdn!rccsh.satsochaDgcdrtulhrsbeconrcnorelibenl In l!99, l9% ofrcspondenh ttrolAhl Ltratdtu.rcc cootd not bc iNriij€d rn any casc(h i990 24%). and in 20.ounr'es oIEuolt 149/o (in rg90 I l%). Thc.o(!rLdes. D whict,diyo.ce lvas noreproved to Ll'dhighcstcxtcnr{e'erhc fotnrvn,I:ft): Irch d ZT.Iotrnd 26.Latvir z5.Thcsainecourrrics\rcruanongtLrcnr(oneshythca nerndrcar.rti lrr0,too(%)llrcli' 30,l,oland 29, Non|.nr l.ehnd 2t

Artheendofthtlnstdccadc,divorcervasmdsttliLrstificdtn(%):Dcnman(andSwcden,llerch,LhcNcLherlands,Sp.nrxndaid'nrn),2:cac[(rhenvcrxgcot20countricso _nrope t5X,nr Lit|uxnia only 6%).

2.4. Socirl risk families

Thc grc,L.slprobnbili$ rh|nchildrcn$ittnced guart anship rrisds duc ir social ftkJrmitidS.c ia! it k lakt ilt is t /dn 0 $ ith prctditine r ti s is .lu. h t tu /dd tttdt on e or nore

"tet"her\ 4 the Janlilt uhayi psr.tou !iye subtldn.t\, tre L!.tltutnt.n Ehhtk!, ldit to' L ,tt, .:, tt \t, tr n. tit.r\ t ,ttd t ,..r. ., tt. ) .n ., .t.,,.t.,. . ,,t, ... ,,1'htldi'.\...\ .J.\.r'.- t,.,,tt. , t r. . ., i 1 .t tt . .. .. t ),t..1\..t,t.r.rat;scr dl tiol.n.e aedin\1.hilLlrc",

":e tkrc supp nd /tu ltu )nt.tctl of ttu tinitr

\..^,.1r.!.'1,.\r..ol,dd,,t.,'.,nhair.i.r.,t.!r,,rtr\ord!,,crr-r\!d,,lhcm is in.rcasinx (Tablc2 ].1.

The numbcr ofsocirl risk hmiliesrnd children,{rorrins ir' t[c'D (r[oulrtrdl

to l8,l thous.nd). Thc s.orlh n, drc nN$d ofchilden pl ccd urder guardianshi! is nth€rcondiiioned bt s(ructuul chnrigcs in binh mtN, N increase in Lhc numbo olchildrcn bom exlrrmaniage or nr socrd rNk iahiljcs.

2.2.Extrr mrrital chiklrcn

l. rc.cnr ycaB, the sh e ol errn iarltal chlldren in the lolal nubb.r oftrid's has bccn

rapnllt ino.asnre. While in 1990lhcir nunrbd amoMled Lo only 7%, rn 2003 it rcrcl'cd 3004

(Table2.1). Tho in.rcasc in thc sharc ofertn' n'nrildl .hildrcn is conditioned by dre rncrBse in Lhc

numhd of cohnbihrg colpl.s and ofvomcnsnorvnnL to oisc thcirchildalonc'llrc sti.ci6c data on thc sprcxd oluntgistered mani.ges is nor !v ilablc GlathLic dal. is

notavdhbl.r nsornc data isreceived lio.rso.lo dcmogflphic sndies). The resulls ofthcstudy''familynndBirLhJrclcllcdthatxbontl5-16'%ncnx.dw.rncnbominearly70shrlerpdietr.cofcol'abilation at thc ngc ol25; qhile thc c.acsFndnrg indi.nlcs of mrilaL lifc ol hacnt! yerr

older peopl. wcr. abo 6-810'Basns on s..n' dcrmgmphic stLrdres it {uld bc shtcdlhat lhe altitLrde k'wnrds co|xbiting

.t,rtl.. r., Ln\d., n -iJg, 'J. \c r"r. r..rl' 'JLr'lhc data ol Europetrn VrlN Srryct (M) reverl tldL in 1990 2000 thc opinion thrtmn.rilseisarelichxsbc.:omesL,onsd(rnl99l)in20counLricsofEu'op!l'19i,wcrclnfalorolsuch opnnon, whilc in 1999 201; ofresponlerls rvcrc in fNor ofsuch opnrio!). Such l.ndcn.yof mariage assessmcnL is rhdaclctistic olall tbosc coodcs, only the degree ol changcs nasscs$nci'L diffcrs: thc mosl rnDid Jbnnation ofthc opnrion lhnL nranirgc is a rclic $as scen r

Lnhu.ni,. kcldd. Nonhcn lrehnd. Bclsiu.r. rn,l thc sLoscst one ss sec. ni Polann, C7c.h

Rcpublic, Huns y, lralt. SFnr and Po(usrl l. lt)99, h tithuania $ch opnnon was aPpri!.dolby 2l'li, olrespondcnls (whi.h.oa$Fnds to dc rverxg! of lropcan coLnlriet

Anottrcr imtorllnt li(o. rclal.d to lamrly lonnarion is an it.tcrsitrg oIinion lha{ a clrdd

doos not ncccss{ily ne€d botl parcnts litr normaL groNth and dc!clop,n*r, ad{ thc wGh lohavc chlldren is dcercasingly lintcd lo nrrnasc During lhc Friod nr qncslion, this opniion hrs

undss.rc.afid brmrLron nr.dLrh countics nr Sweden tle nunrbcr of l[osc in invorofsuchopiniotr h4 i..rascil by 26% (r M,9 it was sntNncd by 4 0% o l Swedcs), h l'onxg3l by 2I li,in Ircla.d by l5% !n Lithmnra (dro s!frcas in thcNcthcrlands) lhc chnng. ir drcs0rcadoasuchoflnion rcached ll%, b h1999thenunrberoiresp.ndcnlsinfa\o.ofoPinionwisl9%.

ll'c otinion thrt! {onrn $rnting h raisc a child llonc s|.tr]d hcjt$lilied hN bccohcsrrcnsu, loo l)(lng thc las( decrdc. in Li$uania thcjLNrncrron ol r {oMn $atrting to rah. a

rIild rlonchrs iD*crsc(lonry by one ten r, btrt (]r. sprcr.l of su.h opnrior{as oncoaLhc bilgcsti. llr .fc Gnhurnix with i6 62% was oulrun only by SDiiI \aith its 66%)

NumberotNfri+!l'fohrnrorn rhs{imri*$ N r000 iirnliIN,!'\r9!!!91!!L

tr'!,(.rrfl uiuifhJbnrtrl

Dynnmi$ of rlmily indicrtors h I9t0 1003

)0j1e

.J! dor 4i , ..io r

l8

III. CI{ILDRf,N GUARDIANSHIP SYSTEM AND ITS TRENDS INI-ITtIUANIA.SITUATION REVltrW RASED ON RtrSEARCH RESULTS *

3,I. RAl'IO OI' INSTITU'IIONAI,ANDCOM\'IUNI'I'YGUAIIDIANSHIP

In Lirhunnir. r numbcr oldillercnl sphere iistitLrlions ue responsible lo! Lhe organisationo1 childrcn sulrdianship and srrccial cdu.ation, amcltr thc Minhtry of Social Sccuritt and

Laborr. Lhe Minislry ol liilcdlion and Scicn.c, lhc Minnry ol Hcalthr rcgional dcfarhrcnts ofsocialaliiirs, educ!tion, h.aithinunicipal sub divisions oaagcn.ics olprotcclion oll|c riehtsofdre child dd ofsocial issisra,rce. Scdiccs oIchildrci eoardianship and cducari. arc rmdcrcdby a r ge ol csrablish.lents ol diUercnL nrolilc: d1ild .arc (tcmpomry .arc) homcs. spc.irlbording schools. gencEl cduclrion boarding schools, sp€ial .hild carc honcs, stalc carc xr!phced nr lne nredical cnre nrshrurions, ehild lrc groups, Ianrily lypc carc homcs o. euardiansfannlics Al$, in I-iLhuaDla ro'nmunlly scrviccs, includnrg carc in tnlnilics and family-ty|c carc

homes, hck prcdonrin..cc in thc sllctuc olsocial scrui.cs ntcn.lcd for child.cD ifcomp.rcdwith insLitudonal carc s$viccs Al$ough, in rcccnt ycars, thh rati. has been changirg towadspredomnrarce ol comnunity lri€ s.^iccs, $e arc n.! ablc to statc rhat wc |avc an advancc(l

srstem ol serlices dr L neels lre necds ol ! child in $c bcst way. cspccirlry nr l|c.rsc olinfans. LithunDra has iiulty practice when rn ihllnr dep.ived ofn$lher s caru (or rbandoncd brnrother) is usually plaoed nr rtc itrliDt h.hd. Cr$.s $4rcn r brby undd 3 is nlaccd into ftunilicsor famiLy-iype .rr€ homes. This is condirioned by a hu'nbcr olr{sonsr nNlofull,byrhc lacl rhatmuniciDalities, which re delesated r luhctiotr ofcslablnhiig guardianshlp in casc ofncccssity,nsuallyprelersi'te instiLrltionul suardirnship sfvicls ri niuicipal o. counly instituii..s PLacine

achild in counly child care nome is lj-ee olcbalgc lor a municipal iry. A tcndcncy has bccn nolicc.lthat municipaliries that h.ve sraLc chrl.l crrc hone sithin their l€trilory re {lucbd to cstablish

municifal childcare home,linily type cre homes or to look lor gwdiar armilics. as phcnrg a

child in a counly rnsnlLrtron needs lo$er cosls.

Idmnrislrrtion ofmostnNnicipllirics lncks pronclivcncss did is clcn agai$tc{tir sion ofchild gu&lirsship nr itnilicsrndfamily typccarch.mcs. Most$obably it G relatcd to dnancialproblchs ol rhunicipclitics but ilNufficicnl undcmtandine of the import.Dce of communitygufldrNslnp ln.rvcllrrE.l.hlldrcn h also drc issuc lhcdalaofthcrescarchca cdontinz00lruvcnl thnr Lsosl hrll ol mulicipalilics aLlcrnpt to nraintair) and srlpl)ol1 lhe exFnsion ofchildgu rlirrship in hnilics a lamily-ttpc carc homesr hovcver. sonre municip!lnies even rmted€

0stubLishrcfrolchiklstr rdi.nship ard ag.n.ics rrprcscDtcd intcrcsts ofchildrcn arc rcqunrd borgrnisc chLld gurdi.nship in sLate iisritulions

Ir could bc prcsunrcd t[.!ilLhcshtccouldprol carlcastl)arlialseporlforlheexpansio.ol cnre nt linrill typc cr.c hotuds. th. numbcr .ftlaccs of instituti.nal guardiaNhip conld bc

The pedonnnance ol inslilutional $vic6 n' th. slhcre of child guardia0ship has ahobeen conditioncd by steeotypos dd longrcrm tmcticc Stalc child guardianship nNtitrLlions and

spcciaL education nrsdtuLions live (caLcrL an isolalcd systcrn ofchild Cuardianshit. Efons arc

laid to fleseNe rhis system lnd usually no possibiliL]cs arc seen (or there is no wish t. see 3ny

Fssibililics) io place nrstttrtionilhed childin a family ol family-tyl)c carc homcs

Theopinionol $clcadcrsol.Ii dgnadianship instrlutionsand special educrtion instnudons

.cfl€cts dren low rnotivation Lo look ior atr ahe rative guardiansbip for l.heir nrnraLes and even

somctinrcs re srance o{the leddrs k rilt Only haLf of represeDtatives otchild Suardianshi!

instituti.ns and sp{iaL cducxlnrn insrirutions havc indicarcd thal ihcy arc condrulusly tooknrgfbr possihililies lo phcc thct innarA in fanrilics or hmily lype crrc hones. Tnus. about j0%ofchild gunidranship insLntrLions rnd special cdu.rlion nrsritutions cticc lhcmsetves lnd rake apassivc Fosnion with rcBad lo organisati.n oidltcrmtivc luardianshiD hd rc retudanll.:.nr

Opinion ollcidcrs ofqencies forpmt€ctioD otthc dghts irfitre ctrild nn{tcrthcdninistration orftunidpalities on rtre !(cmprs to esttbtish rhr atrernrti!. str!rdianship r

q,n'ion oflcad€rs ofchild guardirnrniD itrstitutions ind spcdat €duc ion instilurioDs on1[e nece$ity to look forrttern,tire guardirnship for their inh!lcs

ftmiryiyt cfe ho0s lookcd for

2 rnc cotspecii. rdoos r3 No rdiorr, orhcr in{ituriLrnr nro(rd hkc.r! drlrd

According lo Llr€ data pruscnLed by ag.ncics lir the trotcction of rhe rigtr$ ot lhe chrtd. itcould bejudgcd thnr a numbfl of children vh. ar. phced in fanrilics and thm y lypc onre homes(abort ll%) is tviccns high as Lhcnuurberofsu.h chil&enfrom c. nry gua.dianshin inshtntions

Ar present, gu.rdianship in fa'nili$ .nd family type carc honos usuatly c\pdrds whentrcactive peNons occur wlo want to give carc for.lildren. But ii bost cascs it is not easv forrn\ n! re \Jrllo , rnrnr 'r.'Fli\ lJr rdd, r.'t\ Lr,otI nt,,nJ t,.. o.,,, I Lrhcn w,r.t,is condilioncd by, ncsalivc opnrion ofthc public on Lhosc ivho waD( lo rakc carc olchildrcn.absenccofguardilGlripstandards,selecrionofg!&tus,noncxisrenceofthcsysremofraining

Actrve onaitc worL rvith socialrisk aamilics codkl seNc as a prevenrie nedstre lo rcducethc need lbr irnituioml guardianship. Howcvcr', soci s.Nices cdir6 of n niciorlitics jndde,r\i( lur'ea'.r1'o'o.rh.rig' ,rrtir,ht,,AfR'.,n,oLrrddrrah....,t,n",sr.i rn^t' r 'r oroohm

',o...1 'r . 1m'1,< q?Pr do ,"r hdL . .utr .r' .L I r h-r.hc\ sd..ni"

2 ,l. iorrgi,d{hcn rbc tr$c* y irpmvcd

r Impcdcc e ir rxhiLLcs rd trDusrr!rc romes

1 Rdn$ b $. ihc inpntua( olsuch ptr*dianshin lomr

20 21

1o organise individulwo* wilh fimilies nt have social problems.lo 2001, on llicavcraec,166chiklren lromproblcmaric tamilics fell lo one enrployer ol APRCr.

Pl&.dent of childrcn from instittrtional child guadimrhipinstitutions in lirnrilies ard frnil]-tlTe car. homcs! 2000

ihflnllli€s'd'Nn'ily-typccr'tl'om.:chl'i'ltol;onmunicitfl.rrehonc

nlrmd in rrmilics ,nd rrmi\ rlrc clt

Disf ibution of thc numbcrof fanily-ti?c crre homcs by ! trumber ol

innrtesl

Ed!c.lion of frnily-typ.pr€nk (%)

employecs of child su rdianshit institurions,is nther loq,: Llhers and nroihcrs olone rhirdof fani ly-typc cu.c lones have nor utrdssoneeven roatlo.al ftanring add have- onlys{ondart cducalioD j if any

In rmb a conrext th*c is no doubt thatpalentsof fa.rily typecar e homcneedsystemaiicand methodical support ofspecialists oIAPRCor otha nrstiturions rn odcr lo siliru d

succ$sful Eladiesbip. Mormvcr, one Illth ofiamily-tylre carc bonEs have indicrlod that l.ckol methodicalhslp is one olthc tc), prublemswhentaking.ee ofchildrcn jn tLhily type ca.chomes Spccill enrdasis ls laid on problemsElated t. educrtion of adorescenrs ?s. .ndre nccd lor psychological help (knowledec)in the process of child.cn edlcalion. Conractof famlly qpe carc homes wirh thc rchfi,esof chikLrd dso revc.h sbonconrings in thegua i&ship qndliry. AbonL 70% of fadilytypc care bomes said thai rhcy hadn. coniact orhardly any contacr with thc rel.riv€s ofchildron:,ll% ha( no contact a1.ll.

Basins on thc Irrcscnted informario,'.livilg conditrons of family type carc hobesa.e close ro drose of.n avqage family ol drecounhyoreven bcttcr 10 somecxtcnt Tbe roralarca illling per pcrson at iinrily-type cse honeis 14.6 hr,whilc thc lilins aEa cqnals 1o 10 mlpcr person: nt s.me f.hily-typc car€ honres

3,2. SITU TION O!' GUARDIANSII['IN F,\NTILY.TYPE CARE HOMI]SAND FA}{ILIIS

3,2.1. [rmilt lype.are homes as an institution of child ']ui.dirnshipf'rnnly lypc crrc homc is o e ofpssibilities 1br r child rlcpdlcd olparcnlal .ac lo bc

.cconnnodrlcd. F.trily typc crrchomcs crcaE living conditions lbr a clrild nuch closcrbdroscofhomc (hrtat a cbild gufdianship institutio!.In Lilhnania,lhe number olsuch lrmily rync carc

honres is abour 50, ld they take carc ofmo.cdran,l00 cnrldren. Howeler, lrey do noitlayrmalor roh in the orgdris lion ol child suardianship first olalldue b thc lict drat dreirdctivjLies

lackrcgulation andcreate distrustofrudrorilics and 1nc l)ublic According to the dala ol Llre nrveyofreprcsslativcs offamily-typccre hohesr. only aboul j0% offamilt-type c e ironEs eDjoyed

supporr olnNnicipalitics fo. rhe establislrmeot ol llmily typc.arc homcs. Repr€seDtalives ofonerhidofmLuricipalitics did notwdtlhal $ah r ins titu tion rvcrc cstabllsh cd. ,^ ccording to lh e da ta

ofthe rcserrcn, lhc a!e,ag. nunbcrofchildrcnplnced in one family t-vnc c.rc homc is I l UsualLy

6-? childrcn arc placcd in lamily'typc carc honrcs. An lvcragc tanrily typc ca.c h.mc consGls ofI3pc6o.s: II childrer(Lvoo|ficmarcu Lally lheir biological chil&6) and 2 grcrm_u$.

Ihc cducalion level of li.thea xnd m.thc$ of fanrily tlpe care honcs. (he samc as lhat of

(25%)thc llving area falling perpe6on is 8 nr. dd in43% offamiry rype c ehomcsnorethanl0 m: fal1pdleNon A living honse of lanily,rype carchone on thc aldnge has t 0 roods, i e. I

In 2000, the avorage monihly irconE of famit', rype cdc borne was Lt.L 6.700.00 orLTL 517.00 per peBon nrus, itcould bcshred$al rhc nrcone offafriiy type carc homeisliqherI'dr rl \d:Eer'.nm.J.po\eol-)rnabunb.rt'hu.nrirli,h.nl0OO\d.tft4t0.0l]Jrc.

3.2,2. Gu&diMship in F{milicsIn Li0rudia, family guardianshif ofcnildrcn deprived ofF.cnial carc is nor a sumctcnt

altemalivc for dre prevailing instinrdo.alguardianshi!. The snpply of c.regivcrs is very low andfor specialists ofmunicipalidd iris not casy lo nnd farniljeswantins tobe careqivqs tbr chitdrcn.Tlc1c.c^.ul.Jc;\r..u!n,.r1.rne'!oL,LiNotturop",r,lt)e,{.Lplac...ercr,err€latives (eredpmnrsj brorh€6, sistc6, aunts, et. ) become suardtds. Accordins to rhe.lah or(n! re\edr.h,oll. lo 0olg!u-hn.J horret.L".

Thc {actoB inpeding exp nsionofguddianshipihlimilicsareinsuiicienrpronorionofthisLlp€ofguardimship,ncgatileatirudcotrtepubtictosardspcoplewhowan(oactasAuedians.

22 23

lh rhe scnse ol educati.n. hembcrs otfaollies usua y tack vocati.nal educarion. Only lessthan hllf of eMrdians havc co Lesc or hieher educrtion.

As n corld be sccn ftom rhe cottccred iDformarion, usu.lly,onen acl as euadians.According lo the dNi. ofsuNey, 8?% ofglardiaN arc sonen. whrle l]% of rhen rrc me[.

Morcthaoh.llofBuardlans arcovcr50. teBons over 60.ccount for nor€ than onc lhlrd otallgu drDs. A gEarnumb*ol gu.dians are elderly peopte.

Asscssi gjob-rclatcd siruation of $ardirN, farn ities, it is obvtous rhat mo$ ofgurdianshave!tobbutsonreguardiansarererircdorunenployed Bcfore becoming gu!.dims. about t4%ofthose who at presenr.rc utrcnployed wcrc sorke6. taito6, tnitt€B, tcachers. storc assistants oraccount rls. t hus, nost guardians ue uncmployed or arc ilorke$

Mostofguedian familles (bore than t07t aE1ilmities uking carc of7 l6 yearotd.hildrerOnly.!oui 59/o of limilics take care ofchlldren un.lcr l

Ascssing lhe mtciaL sitLLarion of $anti.Ds. it js obvious rd nr.st ot f.nrities havc their ownhousing (81%), i):l% of faniilies hrve a scpaore apaftmcnt. The.vcrlcc ner inonrc Dcr ore tmilyhdb€r was Ll l- 439 00 , i.c cor6pondcd (n erer excccded) the a!€nsc disposabL nrmmc ain rhefirsLhdlfof2002. fie alengc dispos.bL nrm'ne is one mcmber ol afimitysls lIL 422.00)

On orc h.nd, in.ome oflinrilics are nomal. bnl on rhe othcr halld lhis avcrage lllowshlpothcsis ihatby the siz-c oflheir incom. is jnallcr rhan rbe child altovance (tTL5OO.00). So itcould bc presumed thaithe child all.wance is used nor tor rte nccds otltre child, this is especiallycnamcteristic ofrclat ves lhr act as guardims.

3.2.3 Motiv{tion ard incentiy€s olguardi{ns to rrke c.reofctililr.nA decision to llke cre of a clild is usuatty relared to the f.cL drat gMrdians 1!el sorry

for.hiklren md do nol wrnt thc chiklren ro bc ptaced nr chitd srare cde homcs Thes€ chitdrcnlr'rrle I3

Dislibtrtion ofoDinions ofguardians on theinc€ntirc to take er€ olchildren

poor linancial lotential ol nunicipalities,dd lack oflhe syslen seleciio., hainiiA and

Accodingrorbe survey ol li'nrilies acting

as guardians ofchildrqrr, ihe balerial silulionof mosr of tle families thaL wdt to beomeguardians is poor, which does hoi mean that

drey do nol neerl soqial support tJut thch incoDre

level is close to Llnt offamilics getting social

srppoft . As general procedlrc or mcthodologisfor a$es nent of inconle berllh sratc, ctc offamilies wandrg to rctN guardians arc missing,

it is dimcult ro decide whether such family is

caplblc of giving rhe child.ll Lhat is necessary.

Tbe regulation of childs aUoqance i6 n.lsuffcicntr ihus sonehm€s ilseens thltfamilicswlnl to beconre gurdians only bccauc ofthcallowancc Thus, poor linilies usoally arc ..tallovcd to acias gurdi N, rvhich rcsults in ltrc

situition thal thc nunlber ol ii$ilies wanlirg to

b4odd g@rdians k low.

An(nbcr offamilics xantnrs lo b$omegrddiahs is low as everyone is aliiid orndol$cencc rclatcd prcblenrs. Most hmlli.swdtrt io trc.omc guardians of snall children.

Bcsidcs. fleryone usu.lly witrls to t3kc

core of hcahhy chil&€n th n!!e o narcnlsadd no b chaviour relared problens, and no

onc rsually wants ro becohc r gnardian ofchildrcn havins disdbiliLics or $hosc parents

arc alile. Ever reladves rcflsc Io take cre ofokld children or childrcn who havc behavionFrelatcd floblems. lamilies are afrrid oftakirgrcsponsibility for ar dolesccnl Thcn fea.is condirioned by lhe frct draL thc syslcm ofconsultalion and suplort inr slch timilics is

SevcEl nrain aspecrsrclalcdlo tne quality

ol' guardianship in a limily .ould bc slnglcd

out:usually cldcrly pe'sons Gelativet bccomc

sudrdians ofchiidrer ad lttcy $ually ar€ not

able 10 Buamntee coBpthdsivc cducalion ofa child, as they ht€msehes ulally ar€ lowincom.d and poorly educaLcdr frnilies that

be.omc guddians of childien Lsually are not

vell oll lhrls they are not ablc to cnsue good

living conditlons for childrc., ollcn pal1 of

nrc allowance h slent for gendal ieeds of thc

family. The l)rsent syslem does nol guaranlcc

cffecrive connol of allowance use.

It h dimcult ro conrrol the qlality ofguardianship nr a fanilt ds no mechanism

Ias been {orked ou! especidly in cascs rvhcn

rclalives beconr€ guardians of childicn.Sociodenrogapbic chara.tdhtics of

families actins as surdians oI childrcn

Usmlly linilies fe guardians of onc

child (75% offamilial; lr% olp!,rdir0s takc

care of lwo childrsr, whne 5% ol golrdiansrakc carc of three to nve childrer Hall ofthc aamilics acting as gtrudians se spolses(a c.uplc), while iralf oflhe lanilies dral nrc

gnardians of children re one dult famllicsCasds wheD a grmdmotler is a guardian olhcrgmndchildren lre olGr Arodrd pcculiarity offamiLics acting as guardims should bc iotcd:w|cn r child is taken care ofnol by a couplc,

such family $ually conshls ofa suardiln and

nodrergrorvn-ul) nrcn$d ofa family (LNually

r {aiicr or a mother oflhe child who is und(guardia.shif whdr parents e troL mnricd)

Disnib{lion ofgu&di!ns by lge (%)'

n all! ar€ thcn grandchldrcn or orher closcrclatires Othcr guadians t.kc care olchildrcnrlhose puents are dc&l and the guddians,bcing relarivcs of those chilfter, dsnmcdresponsibility for chikiren. Sornc guddirns saiddiat they becamc guodians bccause ltry Dcvcrbad Lheir LriologicaLcbillren or dreii biologicaLchildren lre gnqr ups or thcir lilk thcndecision l,r lovc for children.

Taknrg into consnbration presunptionsand ci(umstances. it could bc ..ndtrde rh,ioosl sufldians base drcn dc.lsl.n on rh.cncumstrnccs ol$eir lilc, mohl rtrry, pity fotchildren. no biolo!lcal childrri. scll:rerlisxnoD.

Nlosi gnadians do not sce dir:lerencc inbking c.r ofa bo] or. g but io Lhe opinioDot one nlih ot goddinrs, ii is more dilhcult tolake c e of bo!s. Boys. in thcit opinion, are

nore.ctivc,lcss obedient aDd oi woBeicmfcr.While grls arc nore anrcnable. oLredient.kinder. bltdrcir needs rE hijthcrard drey nccduore carc aDd proLection.

liblc I7DisFibtrtion ofgurdians by oducation (%)r

bioLili.ar drLldd rd Mnib

Fo, :.n,c iii:a posibitny oa

! is om orrhc n.$ibrtides ionp(N! ihenderr ifrdior

It could be considcrcd thal insuflicienl suffly afguardians'ilmilics as an allernative for

n$dtution.l gulrdlanship h conditioned by t ncgative altitude ofthe pnblic lowads snch penons

Cuardians iecl ncgtivc attitude of dr€ public silh regard to th€m a gua.dians Ho$ evr, '14%of guardians fiink thai thc public opinion of drcm is positive and supportive To one lhird ofgurdians the publicopinion seens neuftll.

Abour one sixrh fcclhostility of tlre public (ficy 66t ofall relak lhis hostilily to dre size ofchild allowance, rbe publlc thinks that guardi ns uke carc of children o.ly bdauseofmonev) Inrhe opjnion olsomc gurdians, L\e public docs nol perceive that childrcn can be take. care o{nolonly in insdutions but aho infanrilies

Such opinion of thc public should be lakor nrto coNidention when thinking about thc

perspective ol exp,nsion ofchild guardianship in families ahd pronrlion ocdrence ofguddians

lJormation olthe public opinioD slrould bd onc ofdnmdons ofchild guardianship in a fanilv

Thc systcm of nrfet guadianship inhdited ltun lno Sovicl pedod, wbich 6ai'r1v consisted

ofsl.te inlantbones, is sill ptedominlnl in Lithuania So,nc municipalities dtempt to cslablish

infant care uits ai icmporary child care hom6 in order to moderatc damag€ caus on achildbvinstitulioml cee. Howcver, tbat odly reduccd the problens bul docs not solle it The p!6cnt

concepdon olchild Cuardianship mcondilionally endrsises rhc prioriiy of a non inslituionalguardianship when thc bcsl interests ol r child arc safegurded ad thc needs are srtisfedchildren, especially infants. sbould beokcncueon inLbe fmilt.

The stldy oaclild care institudons, inchding infmL homcs, pcrfomed nr 200P lcads to

a conclusion lhe infa.t [one is an nrstituiion whicn usuali] riks carc ofdisablcd children and

childrcn liom risk groq families ol single mothcrs.

Ar l]]e bcgjnning of2OOl. the numbcr ofinfanls in infant carc homes was 427. on. third ofwhich welebabics under l Most oi'disablcd cbildren arcololder(ovd l)

Thc nunher.rd structur ofchildrcn in inftDt homc tt thc beFnning of2001

But wnh regard to insritutionaliscd infants \rlo.ome from the rural areas, ma.y of themare institutronalised due lo longlcrm disMsc of paren$, poleru, dhd sinsle modrerhood.

Almosr balf(48%) ofdrildrcn arc insdn'tionalised because Urey re abandtued by ddrparoLs,andthe rcmainingprrlon inlan(s a.e hkenaway from tbeir parents for diferent rersons.

RersoN lor ctildren t inllitutiondisrtion. 2000

' Rcam. oalms: dmdr of sl,nlilNi rcruvl br gu dnN: iriorisormol or i morhe' (bodj rrc t, unrrosnNhdc.bours olpmnr, dc.

Most ol nrfants (,12%) are under permrurcnt or remporary gurrdianship, for 8% noguardianship has bcc. established (fo. hdf of then guadianship could be esrablished, andanothe. halflive thqc for other reasolt.

Mosr ofchildrcn (48%) cohe to infant homes fron drildren hoslitals (u$ally disnblqlchildren), one lith of then (22%) cono ltom matemiry hone. As nany as 28% of infants pl&ed

h institutioDs clmo lion lienbiologial f.'nili6Reasons lor placcment olchildre. in infant home de noslly rclated lo dre dysfunctional

bcbaviouorp enls (28%),lo'eny (20,f/o), sinslc molherhood (22,0%). lrends esinilaritrnml and in urban are s.

Represcnl.liv.s of APRC] ol lhe

mnDi.itrtity lionr $hic[ childrcn come..rlof thc instilution ion which childrcn corei'nalcrnit! home. |osDital, Nliocl rrc prcsetl

whcn tLdcins chiklren h irfant homc. The

h.alth shtc ol nc*ly adliDg ohildrcn is

rsscsscd by a team ol irhtl honlc spccialsts(ncdic.l-pedrgogic coun.il) . physicj n. a

slccirl cd!crlion srrccinlist, a sf.cch LheriDisl,

ln 2000, about 60',. olitrfanl\ (tcrcenLage

.fthc tot.l nunrber ol irlnnts ir 1000) lell i.linthomc 1hc manr re.sons lor lhcir lc.ving leE1|. loll.snrg: fttum ro 11'cir |[rcnt\ (:169/t,

guadianship inr linlly(2391) guardianship iranolhcr nrsdlutionnue lo old.ragc (22!h)

tuking inLocorsiicration.hanitcs in childre fioNs in l9L)8_2000,1he lirllowitreconclusions

the nrmbcrofchildrcn retuming lo fam iLlcs nrcrc.sed:

L rnl'_ ' I'l 'Jd. .'tr'lrl " d '" J \'.

Ltu nombcr ofchikl en a(l,itlcil by forcigncrs increased lh'cc linicsr

rlic nrnrhcrofchildrtr l.ken lorguadianslrit lo linnliesrnd hnrily t!|c c.re homes nrc.cascd

tbc number olchildrcn takcn to olher c& ln(ituti.ns tmained unchtfgedThelrendsolgu dlandrit of inlinLs deprilcd of lrarcntul clre sho* rhal$ctx\scssnrcntis

rxlhcr complicrLed O,r onc hand. llthough lhe nu bct.fchildrcnllaced ii olh$carc iNlnulrons

fron itrlirnthonedid roleodown,ihe numberoll.r'aDttLaccd nr lirmiliesdr( lamlil' tyfc honres

nrcrc!\cd. On llie oth.r hand. rhc nunbcr ol adoptcd childrcn decre.sed rwi.c. \'hich is.sscssed

R.rw,n\ lvhv chil.lrcn l€nve infanthomc.l99li 2000

P"1q

ryI:L0

t^il,t:,]'

lnthcbegnnrnrgol200l,noreLbmhnlloflheslafolnre]nlinlh.ncslvctcmcdic.lstrf(ab.ut 291;l !.d cfucrto$ (abouL 50'1,i,). A{lnrnristrNlion.nd au\iliary shrTa..onntcd fot abool

l9-".1 .ftotul \tafll Social sorke$, socirl educ.lors and olher spccialisLs accouled for about:lr';

Numbrr otrndoyc.s rnd posilions !l lhc bcgbnine ol200l

1!

t1:

t,l

Thc lvcmgc.gc ollhc shlf{orknr.! {lirec(ly $ilb chrllrn is.1?, !r sllllollhc r.t rcd agc

1nu|\,:iteltti"gLohLlition\a d.rtuLdtn .lthildren, t.artu 6rtdldlh.ljilnla l[omcgnrfs ofininnr\ consisl ol 8 l5 chrlfren. Asroup is serverl by 8 l0 e pkitces. lhe stalTcoDsists

of f.nr.lc mrstcrl. nu$cs. nrght nu$es, mrsseuscs. speerl specirlisls. 3pecial educrnrs and

Nu'nbcrofchildrcn in infint homc br llrcn!hnt o, gurrdirnship

ofi* specialists. (An .verage g,on! ..nsistsof l0 children .nd n scNcd by 9 cmfloycctA eroup is s€ned by ibe samc fcmalc mastcrs

In nro$ cmN (60%).6.hildrc. slcep in

one rcoD. Thc avcmgc llllng arca falling to

The str{e budgel is thc main fiDan.iDgsource (69.2% rn 2000) ofinfant homcs.,^boni4% ofall expcnscs wcrc c.lcrrd from c[arily(70% $c.c fiom abrcad) rhc avcmsc annulrbrdgei ofnrfint lomc is LIL 2 5 nillion (lronlLTL 1.4 io I 0 million) lhc avcnse cos$ olmaintcnaDccof.nc infa.tarc2,233 thousand lits(lhem.irtenrnce cost\lrcsimilar in allhomcs€xcept onc homc $hcrc niaiDlcnancc.osls pcr ore chlld were LTL 1,800.00; horcver $c numbcrofdi$bledchildrcnsaslorvcriDtharinstlLltionl.SlalTcosls.mounttoST%oftotalcostsofthcsc

|lrcm thc abovc mcntioncd rsseaicher ilcould be conclLdef lh.tpec ln iticsand trcDds ofthc sy\rcnr olchild guxrdiarshln i. the f!!ily are noL !eD livourablc 1br thc bcsi intcrc{.fthc.h ld I irsl ol rll. itr I lhmnir lhc exlenl olchildren gu.ftlianshrt in f.nnly{ypc.arc honrcs ridin llirilcs N rn altcnrlive lor nisliLulion.l surtrir shi! rs insudicic.t This ls c.ndllioncd b!bolh ob cctivc md $,bj.crive,e\ons. llrn olnll such ns l.ck ofnndctsta.ding ofNLillcians.nllhc fubli. rboul lhc dan.ge ol i|(lrulionrlsuaftlnnship ibra chikl and csFciallyfor an lrfanlThdt is rclatcd rlic so. ri service syslern on 1he $lole rnd peculiadrics of its rinanciig rlcsldei.stituiions nnaD.cd b! n!.icipiliries. rhild care nrshlurions nnanccd by thc statc a so c\in andsuch insiitutions are llke ! tehpLation lor n Diciprlihcs to savc thc mcans ofthclr budget al Lbe

lhe syslern ofDolivrtior, selection. training. sutton nr raking care ola child depived oIpar.ntal care has nol been lomred. Lhus $rch nrirnts arc placcd in inflnl horne. Bui[ing up 01'

rcscNc ofgMrdians lvoull eiabie re.lisalion ol iniint care nr famiLics As nianrtcna.ce ol oneinfanrcostsover z lhousand liLas permonrb. gurdirnship in a fanrlly q,ouL.l also

'nean economy

-tudirs. rhcixb or"1| .r, "'o* .shtlion [Lysis

L Asscsrn'cnl ot clrc oLchildrcn lvtug in th€ fnnrilies r/ S.icnlifi. Research Repon lle&l oloseatch: l-. Zalnniera.lnstiLLrLe ofLnbourandSo.ialRcscarch Custorei Minislrvol socnrlSecurlly lnd Labour 2002.

2. $brkingoutoftheproposnhforthereorg isationofthcsysl.dol.hildrencar€inpuhliclnd tron-gorernoetrtal childr€n c.re institltions /r Scicn(ilic Rescarch Reton. Workcd oulbyL.Zrlnnrc.a.A.Brncvidicnn lnsttuleolt,abourrndSocialResemch.Cusiomcr MinistrlofSocial Sccuity atrd Lab.rr 2l)02.

l. Syfttrr,tic assc$ncnl ol (hc ,ctivilics perli'rmed by rarious l,apes or childrcn c.r.institutions in tlrc

'tgion (county, municipdity) in th€ lig[t ol{pl}i'rg adlrnccd forms

olcrrirdrencr'. \ce'r'r'. P..-r.1 I pJr J' . r' t.") I i .n ., . , 1t,,- - \ . a .

ln:tihtr ol t.abov MJ Satiol RtscdLh. C sb tct: ,jh1r\: o./ Sn.iul &lntitt onJ Labalr

IV. CHILDREN'S HEALTH. CL]AITDIANSHIPAND ADOPTION

in !cco'datrcc Nilh ihc C.nstilnion of thc ReIl!blic ol l..llhlarl, the Seinas (l.ithu.ianDJlr

',"rrld,o .lr\n'r'n , altt d1.'o nu rerl<.'i.r'ulrcli (.'.1 o ", e, i.',of rhc riehts.fthc child. rv[ic rhc Ciovernme.t secues lhe iff enentllion ol this policy.

lach ministcr is rcsponsibLc for . cerlain sphere of general govemnrenL. By Resoludon of dre(iovcrnmcnl No 194. drtod F.b !ry 6,2003.1he Minishy ol Soci.l Se.uitl trd Lnbor has beenchrrgcd $ith llc sdrcr of protcction .fdrc rlehis of the childr besides, $e above meniionedRcsohtion cstablishcd coml]ctcnccs of oihd nnrhtrles

4,I.RECUI 4TIO\ OI: III:AI TII '

\RF SfRVICI5FOR CIIILDRE],{ IN TIID COUNTRY

Acco nrg b a lcgal act thai has thc sLlprnr lcgrl for.e in re Lnhunlan lest slslm. the

Constifunon ofthe ReIUbhc of Lithnania. thc Slaic shall iakc.arc of pcodc's hea]th and shallgunnl,eenedrcrl lid.nd scNiccs nrdrc cvcntofslcktrcss lhe proccdure lor provldi.g ncdlmlaldlocitizcns liee ofcha'lc.r srarc h€lili carc iNriturioDs shal beenablished bythe l.aw (Anico53)

Aniclc l2 ofthc main lcgaLact rcgulatlrg thc hca th stsleni, the l.alv on the Heallh Syste'nof thc Rcfublic .f Lirhuania ( l,ulsti;! :inios lofic)^l CuetleJ, No 6l r 23 l. 1994:No. l12:1099, 1998). lars do$n lhc lcvch of a.tlvnics orglnisalion ollhe Lnlurnidn r.Lionrl healthsystcm (Jnmicil)aL, counly, and natioial) aid thiee lelels ol health crre: primrry, serondary .ndlcniary Local aulliority c{ccuti!c iDstitrlions shallo'ganise Fidi.ry indnidualind public healthcarc. lhc froccdur. for o€aiisine frimary hcalth care shall be lnid do$n by Lbe GovennnenL orthc nrstitution anth.rlTcd by il CronnlJ' golemors slullo+dise second&y indilidurl rnd publichcallli carc, drc scoN and profibs lvhooolsbaLlbe leLermined by (he Mnrinry oI Hcr lLl.

,{rtlclc l.l rcguLalcs ihe lypes olheallh iclivides, whicb rre Lle lbllornrg: rndn,idual lealrhcarc, public h.aLth.ar!, Fhlrmacertical acli!ilies dd odrer herlLlr nctivities.

,\niclc 25 regulales socialservices provnled wnile oarrying out indNidudl herllh oreln co'nfliatrcc Nlrh AfiicLc 49 ol lhis l.as, $e Frocedue lor povidin! indnidual bealth

carc scrviccs guarantccd bt Lhc SLale (frcc),llre p.lient s igbt Lochoose lhepreGredledth careiDstitrLllon and dic physlcian h!!e bee. sel lorlh. The Lo$ sripulates healLh care accessibrliry lnd

l'aticnts may choose lhe iDsdlution ol primrry inlilidunl hearb 0ure, the lhlsician whocar prolide all lhe serlices wilhin hislher competence. Child s doctoB lrovidc thc scNiccs ofp.irnarrrn'divkluilhealthcdreunrlerlheNledic.lNomolPlcdialriciantotriicnt\rndcrl8yerNolrgc, il Lhcr are .o1 regislered rilh a seDenl prctinoner (.1annly doctot Accord rg to theMcdicrl Nomi oi G.neal I'>r'acllliones, illhe serlice thnt does not bclong to the conpctencc ofgcncralFracliliorers isreeded, Lbe patienL is Flered Lo. proflssionll \lnhour gi! rgthe n.nrcof! specinc healLh care insrnuLion.

'lhe Law on Heallh lnsftnce olthe Republic olLithuania (hcrcn ftcr rcfctrcd io as ThcL,!w o0 He.ltb lnsur:uce ) rcgulales Lhe piroiplesofthc cornlcnsalion of indn,idual hcalth carrseivices, dedicjres .nd means lar nedrcll nssistrncc nr pcsoDs liom thc comfnhory tlcallhtlisuroce Funl budsel. Ihe rboverncntioned scnicc\ of hcalth frcinotion ro aE .o!crcd roa perso. lron Lhe Co rpulsory Heal& lnsu(nce Fund budget ifthc pc$on is nNurcd nndc.conprlsor] heallh iNrNnce. Ar(icle 6 ol Lbe L$v on llcrlth lnsnhncc dclirrcs thc grory ofriersons.lhe nrsured, $ho rre coler€d by conpulsory health in$nncc at drc cxFnsc ofthc Sratc

Nunbct ofchildrcn in bodroons

ll

Pamgraphs 6 afd 7 ol thc sanieAfiictc sel1ofih thal Dersons under 1S yc!6 otrgc as wcll.s fu lli.,e studctrts ol comfrehcnsilc, vocNLionat naiDnsj hts, tnd hishe; scnooh;re iBu,cd undd'onf' l.v .. rl n\ , r. r '' . tr1.. u. ri. \'. .

Aniclc 9 ol lhc t..r on Hcltlh Insurance relulates Lhc nidividuat h.atlh c.rc s.rvicescovcrcd lion thc ConrF nt Ueatth tnsurnDcc h;rd budecl: prclcnrjle medjcat assistxnccrcslomtrvc medical asshLance, mcdiful rehrb|naLion. nurltng. \ociat ser\iccs and.arc !flribuled{o rdn,idel hcalth care..nd ln.lividu!t hcalLtr o,!aDisorion.

The L.rv snccilies tlic Jnllo$ ing flevenrilc ]nedrut asshrance ttrai shNU bc.ovced:l) provisionofi tnnatnrr on rhc issues ol discase prelcnrtoni

. 2) prclcitilc mcdiclnc beltth chectr ul)s ot lhe rsur.d p.escr bed br. ttjc N|nistry of

l) seNiccs ofnxlivldual prnna{,, secondart ant reniary |ealdr cxrt, eLcArhclc l0 ol rhc I-aN oD ltc,Ur In ancc Rgutates E nbursemeni ro lhe nsnrcd ol.

purohasnrg expenscs olmediciD$ and m.dtcll.ids t,arisnrl]h 2 or.lhe fttcte mentiofed abovcpnvides lbr draL lhe basi. cosL ot rcinrbur\cd medicnrcs. inclu{ied in tre Lisi ol Dtscascs ardR.irDburscd Medicnrcs foiTbe r'rcllmentand t0 Lhe ListotRe nbu^ed Mcdi.atAids. sha| hercnnbursed nr tull topebons trnderltcag. oi lr! ycals tl,rrnecd oul pati.nl realncnt

Afiiclc ll ot Lbc saiie Law.slabtishes that ttre bAi. .on oi.rncdicit rchabitirdton chiit he.trFu ",. r' ;.,'d.,o .r , b..r.tu Jt r,,' r,.-,,r!rrn,(airrrcernncc I heiQy) sha lbe rnnburser to thcse pc$.ns as \yeu

t b. l.r* on llcallh Cxrc tnslilurions otlJre RcNbtc ot.Lithua.i (!i]kr!bls Znrios (Oltidal(;azxfe).No.66 r 572. 1996) (litsrybis tinios (Oficial Cuctt.). No. 63 l211. t991: No. 10r,29951998) l.ys down rhc .lassltjcriion .l trerlln carc DsLituttons, the princides ofthcil eslatrlish cnL.rtu.ganlsaliurj LquiddLion.otcrrliur, nltc regulnrnm thereoll.orrolnrcu ts. eLc.

Articlc20 [ys doM $ccoDc.flirnr and toudersofttjeLnhuaDiar NrtioDatHeal$ Swenl

Articlc 23lins lndniduitltcahtr Butgetarl tnsliturtois ol.llc Lit|u rn NrlionrtllcatrhSysLemthal inrtudc medicnt.arcsl.le nrstituL ons j tom.s lor Idlnts $ nh dc!.toDjncnt ili*nlerst.' r LJ. '.r 1rr l, rr. ' ru

Thc NliiisLer ofH.alth ofrhc r{epubtico ,jlhuania approlcd scrlices oflrlirnrr} .rr falicnrnvidua bealth care and lhc l)rsic condrcreol by^nnex t to OrilerNo 32T ol.Junc 14 2i00on

thc l.isl. Basi. (rosl. Olganising od pryrenr pro.edurc ofOul pxli.nr Prinrry tndtvittrrl HcatrhCre Sdlic*. lnd dE proadur. ol oryankt.s trn{l farne.t ot oul pxticnl pnn rt tdivnnnthcalt| cue scNi.es b!Annc! 2.

Thc lisl ol out ])arieDr frtnxr! iftlivid!il tretrlth .xre (hcrtiDalier .cfctred Lo rs OPtHa tscrric.sispaidJ[re.prhandrhe muat baso co{ rtqcof (irj poi tha\cbeenapp,lvedbythcOrder ncnlloneLl abo!c

ll'esdncOnl.'Dro\idcslitrLhrt0otcssLtra.2Oo_/uoltnnrtsrh.Cunn tsor! Uerlth tdsrnn..l"nJ,L,.' ..llu. ., '. r'1 1., vrrrt, ' .,.r. I,.1. ort .,.,..,,

I rr l, 'l.La ,v.l|'t'.'t.. u . ,,r.r. ,t.-.r, ,,, ,,,,.. ,,,,., ., , ..,, ,drservicesar.dlslnbut.diolheTc itorjrtpati.nl Fun{ls ac.odins ro anolher lbr ruli n icatcdrl( 1.L '-.

.rtr'dt,r.. '. ,,,v,1. v.L,fl", .i....r (. r 1.ll, .nFnnd.alculntcs rcco rng to r Urh€r lnr nuh. tunds alocatcd nr t iliduat|eit{hcarctn(ir,tr.r1i, ' ,,r, '.e1,,,,. cr..' ' |r-r rJr.'!rti.,r . r..t.r.

Prirn t md\ilud hcrlth cuc s.rvices of fre\e.tnc medicnrc heallh cbc.t lps .rcfrolldel nr ac.ordrnce $.it| lhc LithM i.n Mcdicrt Noxn \4N 14 1999 -(jencnt Jr.r(rtri.i.rRights, Dtrllcs, Coml)ctence rld Responsib]iirr-,.s u,cllas rre Ljthuarian Mc{licitNon rvtN (j6:1999'Prednrtri.irn. Rights. t)uLies, coDneLencc ann ResporsibliLy..

While Dedorming freren(nc heilll chcck uts. Unndry rn{l secordrry hcalth crE services

drc Fovided ;' .ontlirncc wnh Tte Pioced[c of a hcck ul)s ofChildren rnd lncnagd s Heallh

stcciliedinAnue\It.thcMristerofHeallloflhcRcfnblicolLnhuohOrdcrNol0lolNlay I1.2000 or I',ouhylacric Ile.lth Cbe.l ups in Hcaltli lnstitLrhons l ttltr'r6- ttubr (Ollicial(iazdrc), \o 47 1165,2000)

Ord.r ol the Nli itlrt of Hcrlth of the ReDublic ol l-ilhumra No l:1, L ol 15 May 1997

on l{cnNncrlrlion ol Worl of Lrmtloyc.s ol llerl Cde lnstitutions (/d/s/t_bd :nri.! (Ofiictrrl

cdzcttc). No.55 l2iJ0. r99rlAl trcsenLbonus Fynrcnlsaldrg*ith theremrtetarion.fsork xrc Paid otly lolhcFdagogic

stafof.n nrslnudon (O(cr ofthc Mi.$ter ol Educaliof and Scicncc ol llrc Repub!ic of LnhurDir

No li65 ofDecember I7, 1998 (ri,&t,rJril,,.r (OlilcialClzcttc). No. I l2lLL5. 1998)

Ordcr ofthe Mnrisle, ol Hcalth oflhc Rcpubli. ol l llhuania No l72ol2lNlrmh2000oo lhc Atfrcvrl olExemplary ltceulations ofl iv url Heahh (rarc Budgclary lNlluliots ofrhe l.llhnanixn Nationnl tleallh Syslcnl ( lz6,r/rfJ .idli,r (Olnchl (iazcttc). No 21141,2000)lhc rcgulations (in p.tu$ath 8 5.) Pnlide lor sftntars 1lr. righl to lhe lounder olan inslitutnnr

10 cstabli\h linxncirl shnd^,ds of nNtilution s work, se^l.cs, managemenL rnd Fosnions ol'

sutrtorliDgstalil reserves ol niatcralvalucs. inrcnLory s10cl<, nuttit on, rnd inelicnril prodrcl\'

atdcr.lth.VnnsreroaHcrllhofthcRcpublicolLillua ltNo 60,loflNovenber2(J00.nCeeralRcquircnrcntsolPro\isionollnPaticntSc.iccsolchiklref\DheNcsPro0le(ln^-rlr\ji,nr (O ll.ial aiazclrc). No. l0.l32Ij6.2000)

('dcr ofthc Min$ts ol Henll| ol lh. Rqrtrblic ofLilhurDi No.728 of I'1Dcccmber2000 on

Requnc r.n8 lor thc Principlcs ol{)igan(nrg. DcscriftronaDd Prlrisn olScconddry.naTenii.)'Senices .f RchabilLhtion ol Ctildrer \!ilh Dclcbpn0ntul Di$ ers (rrlsrL'rtir jrl,r (Omcirl

Guetle). No l09:1488,2000) sels i.onh lh. piD.idcs olorJianNins Edrly ltchabiLn.ltron ofchi dren

wiLh Dclelofnrcntal DiMbilities thcnindler riRaDD) scNiccs. geneo (mi"lNm) rcquneNilslor. indicdidrs rnd nrc lroccdure ol Frolisioi olout paticnt sccondq Flt( l)J) scmiccs. genenl

(mnrnnum) eqlncrncnrs 1br tcnir!- ERCDD cot$LltrtioD and iFP.tienl seNic.s. lndlcx{ions dtr' a .u 5\'\ ir^r ' 'r 11 .i.| _ \"

The LilLuxni.r H,!gicnic Nornr llN 12.1:21)04 clrrrdianslrif ln$h1ions. Gcncrl llcalthSaltty Re( uiremcnls ' was rpproved by the Ordcr ofthc Nlinister ol Heairh of thc Rqrublic olLnhurma No \L l r of .ranoxry 2:1. 2004 HN 1 2,1:100'l ( |,&li.J :r,;,s (Olicial Cazctlc), No.t5-t,1r2,200,1).

ln pcrlbnirg tr.!.nt vc viccinxlioDs, the Ordlr olthc MinNtcr ol He.lth oftlic RcPublic

.fLilhurnir No \16.16 olSqrtcmbc! 1a.2004 on ltie Anpr.val ofthe Pruthrlicllc Vac.irxrlion

Calcndrr ol Chikken oa lhc Rcpublic ol LLthu.nra ( 1264'l,9\ :'r,rs (Oficirl Guellc), \o i42_

5210.200.1) shxll bc obse,ved

4,2. r,r{cll,ltI[s \ND H[]\tl H CARr] AND EDITC^TION Sr,lRvlCtS PROVIDIX) IN

lN!'AN t H()N !S

Ater lhc gcncrlisrtion ol Lhe nilinnltion collcclcd dung lhe rescar.h ahoxl lhc services

fro\ cd ln l hDt honrcs it is fossible Lo dlvdc thcni intothclbllo{nrg grodfs:

lr!rhylaris .fchildrcn s diser$es (pbfry laclic cxannrrhons. vrcenr.ln l:Diagnostics and lrcahncn( ol c|ildrsni dhcasc\ (sNcinlisl GtlroCacdkt trumotologisl.

chilLlren\ nerrolo-ei{,.m! h}gienist) cons!hations:

lnrcnsive.tuc nurins (turd,srlle cl' dre )l

I

lirrly rc[abi]ll!rion ol dovclopmctrrxt dkoRtcB (liLnctionrt .rs0\snjent. 0tplic joo olindivnlNl nre.srrcs ol thDnpy)i

Errlt childhood snecial cd{.!tion (crcrlion ofcondiliotrs aor chiktren \ cdr.ation: ph!,iciland nicnrrl d.veloDnenr and socidlada rLnnl)i

Adrliiionrl c(ho{1ion:fi nrd'o nt thc

"shh ot rlk, t td rn,t rhr' Fpk,scrt ntr

Allhougl' llr volumcofscNiB tu iUarcn( infrnt honres sliahtty v^ries. rcdoldnrr ro rhc

"tu o dr ,I(. rc.t.I . a n.tu., p.\'!(..r.1,-Jt,t.j.1..r r,"i.tr.r.,...rrt:, a"r,:.Aoo.rdingloullil.yeesoi 1ilnthonrcs,lh€ hcatLhc!rer0tn,iLies drc pnr ef bt sDecixltns

*ho havc r€lcva.r ed&nhoD and nroaession.t tiucDces.l hc to.D ot hc.ttltaE sp$iitistsconsisrsol p.cdi,lricilns. a childr.n s N rologist. n{rrs and didircn{ sFoi{tisls ofctrrty cdrecrdr.A spccirlly pr€Fr{d Du^e !accin!t.s chiktr.cn. A 0uliiri(trn\t rates control ovcr rre nun.ilir!1ofchildkn A l.boflory assisLrnr ind a ctinic!t biotogist nr! eng.g.d in nclrvircs rhred ro

UN rbc hrnnas.riHl kr r nbLnurnnr, r l)'edrrnicinn i ntudidcly c\rDijrcs Innrherafd rssssscs hislher hc. lh starciohllditn u o l rerss$sed r.corfirg to ttrc \4un ch tun.ljo. llingnosLics ten sc!lc (Munchcr{ Fnnkli{!rc e I lwict(hLngsdirg osti[. ltc btrrSge.ltaS)rnd childrcr oNr I nr. assesscd i.cd ing lo thc chikt nrvctoprcDt nssessnrcnt rnte {DtSl(me odolollr; l)ing ostic IN.c kr'.v lor Sc.etrillg Chitdron.

'uri and rnd.!, t99tl). D.FndiiS

on thc {gc. herllh n{rus lid dclclotrnciL oj lre child. hh/hcr t)hco oi Fsidcn(o is selccrcdd r plD ol ncelnlcDt. Dunit(r rrl obscryrtion is d wn u0. ll {trdng the $scsrncnl ol

ihe dcrDldDm.nl ol lh. clild I dor€lopm.nr l disordcr is dcrc,mincil, in iMndrt cdDcrtroprognonnc is drdvr rp. rhe iDlPlc rcntarion ol$hi.h nrrotlcs thc,Lnrvc trEnrdrcd st.cirtisl\,kincsilhcftitisrs, crgothc,qristsj itloccr sDccirtirlsj nr.sscu s. stc.irl fc(hsogucs. fsychol.g (san,l lelc rcN. Addili(!ixl edu.alioD uo$bnriIg nnFic rn.t ia (trcopy is rtso pro!idcll

lrnirnlsrftlc[ilftcDolcarly ijc (mder t 4, t8 nro lh, ot €c) arc oDdcr @Dshnt sul,ek-isior,nd qrc ol qualincd nur*. llklc. childr rr. snFh-iscd tlv tctcheN rnd nannics. t chilircrlre lrcarcd nr lhe li! ng roon or iI thc isolili(r nrrd. lryory dal llcl rr0 c\iDrnr.t ud lddel8otreahn$L b)' N plysici0n lho tlrcrrf h!:

Pcdigogucs nnd {N.inl pdnlogues $,lu h.ve hiSh Frcac(sionit educ,rion irc in\.otRdi. educ"rional ac(iritics. Thcy adrtr edu.,rioo crFiotn nDd d,n$ u|r dcraited cduc tnn ptansld chlldrcD agel l-l rnd:r 1. thc arlu.alton ot Lhs y.!n8csl ctnldr.i ( ed 0-l) ts ptlotd aftjorganiscd b! (er.hers.lrdivrdux cdrc^lion nidrh & dcsiljn.d torch drctr {ilh sltcLrtncedsaccordrr! b lhe tonnlu progr.DDu tt€votcd to s cb chjldrol olca,tr xlc |he ph!:rnnnna ,.desie ed br. qua.rcr oltfic Ycar.

Il ls suughr ro i,xli!irlu!lisc thc.ducarnli ot.hitdrcn whjtc.onsutLilg s])c.tatjns r)lfifcrerlncl{ls (tryclii.al lhcnllrisr ad psychidfto Thc crnptoj, jrqrr ot chjtd .n i\ orlrnjscd trccodi0gro dr roh.drle oladli!irics- ra\nrg nrto,ccornl lhc aee ot chrtdr.n and rt,eir nxtividlrt ncc{lsSFci l cDrion is |[i( lo rc phliicrl aanrhg oa geDctrl nnd linc nud at ilny, ttrc hnrjn,lol l.ngrLrgu udderstandnre, clcoufugenrcfl ol irtcpe.dcn(c. seDnny trd rusicr ltunrids n.rtexrrssid' oi indiv drrlrbiliris.

Dur n'g thc c.rly {e'.lization In oftsr ot ohilden $r prior it i6 rrc sir.n to e rly eorLrrior.cducatn . lonn rion ol.Iildrcn\ lil! skills dd encono.lcnrcnt oal)6itirc enroldr!..r'he rtrrol fcstlvrh ard cnle.L iflnenr arlilrlicr is dhs. np ($lerd . aod nri rndiltonrt tcsrrvatsurc orr.discd, t.rli )r ces arc givc0 rnd rrln$ lrc ory!tr zod nr ordc,10 .\tcnf lhc rtrildr.r, s

The srlll ol mlnnt homcs llso rufrtscnt tli. tighis of fost.r childrctr in conrts during

Iririrgs rclakd lo.66trnt' (n pl rurlil rilhls, adonlion orBlabhshmflt ol gunrdianshiprn lhe

hllity SocialworkcB mai l!!rcoNlanl cdnllcts wnh o$erinslituLions such rsagencis lor rhc

prclecLion ol L]]c isn[ ol lll( ohild. coun$. hculth crrc institutions. gnardrnsllif iNntrln'$ictc''lhc majirity oflnlnrL lunes h Iirhuanir rro qurlilled $ medic.lo{rc sL Le insrilL(ion

hom$ fo.lninls Mrh dcyclopmcnl disordcrs thcrc1brc, gcncral tcquircmcnrs lor nan of ftDctioDs

perfonned by lhs inslituidns. in prfli.ular tur lhc Drovision ol $n'ices ol clrlv relabilirltion

;l ohildren *ilh {ielelofilqxul disnilo$ re scr ti)ilr a.d rcSuldtcd bv Odcr N'' ?28 ofthe

Miilsrc.olHcnh[ ollh.llcpublic oll,ilhudni. ol l'l December 2000 On lhc Requnenents ior

Oqdnisalioi PrinLidcs. Drvri ion and PLolision of sccod.rv nnd lcniarv Scfticcs of llarlJ_

Rc.lnbilirarior ol Children With DevetoDrnental Dintrdc6''lhtrs.1hclctlviticsofnhntmcdic0carcslllcnrslilutionhonrcslo.hlanlsNittde!el(lnnenl

di$ode6 uo ruguhred by Lhc Nqu .mcnls scl l-ollh in thc l.w And inl]oscd on onc of$c manr

lDNrio.s ol in;rnntioir oi rlris nar'tre. ie eirlY rchnbililnlion ol childrcn wilh developntnul

I hr onlcr ofllre Miirill$ ol Horlth esLabllsics lhat dre sorvices ol c{tlv reh billl{lion oi

ohiklrcn sith dovclotnrdx l.lkordcrsdlcprovi{lcdby!lc!molsDccialislsconsistingofddoctor{ho his prollssionrl liccnec ol ap.ed[lrici n. children s nourolog]st or a docto! o I phv sical

mcda.inc .nd rch.bilihlioi lnd $c .cdifi@re or social Etedirlritid us well c '

nrediciie

lsychologisl, n tfeech spooi !s1, a kincsillcraPisl, ! slccEl lcd{8oguc' an oEorhcralist d Durse

rl i {.hlwor cr l hedodor acls ar lh! herd oi { lcrn ofsp€citrlns who No nlLesthcworL

xnd is Estonsibl. for thc qurliry of.ctiviticsl[; lc n olspeci: ins ol orly rclubilil li{n ol childretr wilh d€velop'nenhl disordcs

fc oms lhc li)llo$ing funcllorsrln coop0rdion *ith olher agctr(ios 0oordin lcs e.rly idcnlilicntid) of cnrldrcn wilh

dcvcLopmctrt. dkordcr a dthc risk gRtrLni

. dcsigos ard iDtlcntdls an individu.l oogmnnnc lor earlv reh.biln'rnr ol childrcn $illr

de!elol)lnctrl.rl disordcs whilc inrol!ingthc child\ farcnls/S srdians in this froccss P!tcDlsl

gua(i;nsh !c lhc rishlkr ltleDan itr l|e developmcntol LIc prugm'nne lororrl! Ehrbilil'tion

;f the child rnd consn rhems.llcs o implcntnting of n log.thc. *ith $c {ccillish Tlre

||.ogmmnc in.ludcs {icnlifi@lly funrded menN ol di.srosricr and lltopv aPplicd bv lhe

ipcc;atrr in r prorcssir rl wa,! lach inrcn_cnrio . inciudnrs cornunic'rio *ilh Frcnrs and

odtrc.lioirl liviLics. hsLsonelorr l oi lincolsFcialis( Loxnr neclings isdevotcd ro Lte

dcsigtr atrd fin!LiTation ol ar nidivklu!l r.habilllllidr !(grunnn. ol rh. 'hildi

. undcrsuspicionofor nr cascs ofviolnl id$ oartu rigl soarncchild'e'norirn'rttglecr'0hvsicalorsexurlrbuse ornr cisosoi reinsrlol pareDls 1o oooPcralc wlilc implc lcDtingan indi!itual

fogmmnt lor cany thdbilitxtion ol lli. .[ .l, i itms L]ic Agc cv lor lhc Proleclior o thc

Rishrs ol (lF child$out ttur;

nnrlys llr disrribrlidr dl developnenhl di$rdcB of childrcn in lhc rceion scNql and

tm;idcs oncLs to found$ ot thc mnmroi.fL oIeilcie c, ol cotutler strPPorl torclrilth'en

sith devck'PncntuI disodc6.Ac@dnr8 lo rlle ()rdut ol rhe Mnristdr ol ll..hh (ol l1 Dcccmbci l00O), lhc lbllo$ins

(trri'inal) rcquncmcnrs aN nrDoscd on inft ho $ as pu6u lo lnc 'otrtrd'lions

of rlt Sratc

S$vic. ol A;rcdilalro. uder lhc Mniislrv ol Hc{llh nedicdl clF sLrLc irNliluLion bomes lbr

lnhDts rvith dclclopmcnl (Lisordcm aN llccDscd io lhc prlornu rcs 'l ii |rlt crL and orl-loticnt

olivilies ol socondr! meilionl h€lp bt pro\iing *tliccs ofcntlv rchabililalior ofchildt'n $ ith

dctelopmenhl disrde6:

3i

l Physician (p&diatriciatr, chillreD\ nNrologisr or lsychiaLrisl, physicat thenpisr rndnenbeN ofrehlbiharion)j thcm hlving the ccftin care ofsocial paedi!1rici.D..

ll. Mcdiciae pstcbologist3. SFech specirlst.I l v \rcr l'.r"fr' o .55r rr ro\/.\ ' I'her.'pr.r5. Social wo*er (havi.g special sccon.hry educ.non).

Ireniscs ln which secondary senices of carly rehlbih.tion of ch ildreD wiih dcvclofnenrddisorde$ arc provided bave to courFly wittr thc sanlraLion nDd h]Jltcne reauireDrcnts cstablishedfor h€alth carc inslitutions.

l Consulthg rooDN of thc follorilg slccialisrs:

4. Stecch specialist;5. Psychical rher.pisl;

IL Metha.lt allidg oni.\ ah.l treat entMet h.dt.l diallnastcs :L Clinlcal diagDostics of developnerr.l dhorders:2. Means of developnrenlal a.d psychologicat c\aniDdion:2.1. Onc oflwo standad mcihods lilr d€vctop'nenL.l ex.nrjnation:2.1.1. Chlld developmcnt a$essD€nt scalc (l)iagDostic Invcntory ibr Scrtonrg Clitdrcn.

DISC, Main land dd al., I 991. I SlJ4),

2.1.2 ren of Munich tunclioDal diagnostics (Munchcncr t_unktroncltc F.nl*icklungs-diognostikr Hellbrugge, l96E)i

2.2 Means ol clinical observrlion of dovelopnent, bchaviou. lnd rctartons ber$ecn a

3. Examlnalior of prelinglislic shills and taigualc,4. Examlnalion of novcmeoL skill devctopmenr;5. ExarinaLion of th c psychosoc ill siatus oflhelinily.

Mcth.ds o f t rcdhc n t a nLt lu n i 0 ass is td h.. :I Mclhods of psychological Lheripyll.l. In.lividual g.nres thcDpyi

2. SFcch therNpy:

2.1. Spoech correctionl2.2. Group ac tivities of speech tbernpyl:1. Psychical thempht::l.l Classicrlnassa8cj,1. Social reh.biliiaiion of the llmilyj5. Psychlcll education trogradne 1br parenLs:

6. Mcdci.rl l.ertm.nrOrdcr of the Mnristcr of Henlth ..On the Requncmenrs lor O€anisalion rincidcs,

l)cs.rlpllo. !.d Prolision ofSecondary and lirLiary Servi.es olEdly Reblbihddon olChildreiWith Derelopmenral Disordes olDecd)her 1,1.2000 rlsoreeolales ft provisior olsecondaiyoul pxtlenr services of ed] rehabililrLion ot cblldren wnh delelopmenld diso es as il laysdosi $e procedde oi consulradons lnd tle provisiod ol complex servic*.

Describing Lbe llcililics ofillan( hones. $e enployees of drese nrsLilutions oten lllkedabouL consulLi4 tuons lor m€dical speci.lisLs ud rooms lbr educ.tional achviries. Medicalsenicesprov ed (consrll g rooms turnedicrl slecialists) in nnnry inliDthomes

'neet a even

$'Aass$e minimalrequnemenBsellorlh b] fie laR. Apdt lian Llle lrolision olsenic*ofhelllhcde and early inlnnlrehabiliraLion uch attendor ispaid Lo educrLion ! social sdvices orieicdLo diil&en s inleelirion in ft society s*vices lhiL ensure dre conlPrehdNnenes ol chlld€n\educ.liondedlsoprovidedininlanllones:atlesroEoftheactiviti€sofdreabov€menrioredse ory tiilin!, speech thenpy, .n .Dd ntrsical training late ploce in dilGreDt rnslitulrons. Som€

nriirt homes h.!e spons hxlh. hdls lor entcnnim€nland g.mes. rest ruoms drd swinnirgpooh(or oLler {rter procedure,

Discuss gthedisldr.4esollaciliLiesheadsolinlinLbomesnentionedthesbonageolnethodologi.ll resouc* rel.led to .l actics. sensomoLor systen md chiilrer\ developnenl{assessmert. and special eq0ipnent ior consulLnrg rooms. such as r t.ble-couch lbr nass.ge MdiDlinl psychical therapisL {ind i 0 ated b} Pnnevat}s Child Clre lJone). Sonreenployees indicatelLhe hcl oi .tualiiied specirlists (physici rs, psychologrsts and social workes). This problem

is especidly acure n snuller iowns like Alttus. In ncial instrmcicncy q,as blanred tbr l.rgerDunbe6(Lrp to l0) ofch'ldrtn in the grcups.

llosevcr, describing the f.crlitics of infa'rt homcs, rlost of thc timc cnployccs srrsscdlhe Lecl ical condition ol burldings. Emplolecs of nran! nnnnr honres evalualed the condnionofbuil.lngs rs srtisictory excepr 1br Llaipcd! I irnt llonrc tlc bnildings of\rhich aF m good

condition alter rcnovanon. Forcx!n!le, the personncl ofilytus Comly Infanl Homc complinDed

ihat it ivas cold nr lhc prcmiscs in winlcfiimc. Ilcads ofSiauliaiand Kaunas nrfant honrcs clanncdihat thc co.dition olall or at lc.st Fn ofthc brildings is poor or cvcn vcrli foor

Nc\.cfthclcs, aficr rhc asscssmcni ofthc facilitics in gctrcral, i c ihc comparlsoD sith thcidcal facilirics, thcconditions in nost infanl homcs wcre saidto becloscto idcalby 50 70%.

!l 1 'J]ARDTA\STNP

Th. putpote anl obj<.tires ol thihl Euo innJtiplctrutorship

Tlt purpok ol dild SuardiatNlrip/curato6hip is to ensrc the child's upbirgng md cdenranenvronDrenl,rvhichwouldlicilitrteLbechildssroNing!!,developmentaDdprogressasperAJticle 3.241J, Chapter XVIll. ldn Vll, Book IIl. alilil Code ofdre RepuLrlic ofLilbuanid.

oLrjeclives of child g ardia.ship/cunlo6hlp:

L Toappointforthcchilda$ardian$ioscd !ilnillbciorakccarcoflhcchild,brlnghnnup.rcl)rcscniihcchildandtrotcclhisrighisand lcgnimaleintcrtsts:

To provide {he.hild wilh liling cordiLions which roukl be.dequaLe lor his rge, sh(e olhealdl

To pFpare the child lbr independenl lili nr . imily rnd in the sociery

31

Pth'.hles of estabt h hirs c hild E ta/.tian s h ip/c wato ^h

ip:l. Fnst considention nust be gil,en to the interests oflhe childl2. Prioriiy in beconine lhe child! erardids (curatoB) bust be &corded r,r his closc rclativcs,pro!ided ihis is in the child s besl interesLsr

3. The child\ gua.dianship,curatoslip in a fanily;4 Non sepantion ofsiblings, ercept wheD dris is connar, to dre child's intc,rsts. (CC..^rticle

Xih.ls ittl.fottus oJ chiw eultlia"ship/.atalo^hipKinds of clild guardiarship/curatoship:l TenDorary euardianship/curatonlip;2. Pemanent gnardiaNhip/curatoship.

latup.t!, chil.l gudr.lia$hip (uratotsht4 neris c0re lbr and ulbingine of a .hildlempondly depiiled ol paienhl care, also represent.tion and protection ofthe child s lcgitimarcintcrcsls in thc family. socialfamily or instinrlion (CC, Article 3.253). The lnryose oftenpomr_achild guardianship (crraloship) is to retlm lhe child hto Llre clild snatunl linily.Achild shall

be placed undor temporary child guardilnship/cur.torship if ttre child sl

l. Pare.$ orsingle par{t are missin-s and attcmpts are made ro trace lhen (pending the courtjudgment declarnre thcm nising or dead);

2. Parents or single parerl are ledpordrily incdpable of taknrg care of thc child bccauscof the parenls' (he fathers or the notLer, illness, anest, nnposed scnlcncc, or duc toother onpelllng reasons:

3. Parents or single parent do not takc care olthc child, ncglccl hin, dorollookalLer hin,do Dol briry him up properly, lse phlsical or psycholosical vnnence thereby endangc nBLhechild\ physi.al, mental, spnitual or Doral dcvelopmclt and safery (pendnrg thecourto.dcr scparatitB thechild fton the parents).

Tmpuar! .hi4 g"adia"ship Guratoshit ) sha dd |'hen lL. chikl:l Is rctumcd inro hh famil!i2. Artai.s najorily or enancipadoni3. Pennanent gn.dnnship/cuntoship is cstablishcd for hini;

4. Enters nrto r m. age (CC, Aticle :l 255).

Pct d cnt dljld grla,lidnshit /.,/u r,^t4 shaLl bc cstabLlshed ior childEn deprived oIllaEntal care who, u.der Lhe exisdng conditions, de unable to retur into the narural fanrily.dd dreir cde, upbringnrg, representation and protection ofthcn riehis and lcgitimate i.tereslsare entrusted to anothcrfamily, so.lalfamily or guardianship/cdalorship institution (CC,Atucle3.256).Achildsha heItln zd ntuletl,entane gad liatship (cutatonhid Nhe,:L Rorh pareds orsinglepdentoflhechild de dead;2. Both parents of the child or hh singlc t)arcDt have bccn declaed uissjng or de.d by ! courl

3. The child has been separared trom the parents nr accordlnce \rilh thc proccdurc

.1. l he chlld s Farenls or close rehLives ar mt ilentin€d withnr a]jmnth pcriod aftcrlhc chlld s

5. Bonr pdrenLs or rhe singlc parenLofthechildare d€claredlegallv incapable in 'ccordance

riththc D,o!cdu e 6L,bIshellb) lJs

ocn'.n.rir.hrlrs,.rr'1.'r,llrt cur: { hiJ',llFnlsL"n h..LrUdtur. \ n dlo.r' or.r' d'r'ld i'l

2 ls rctumed to his orlerfdrenlsi

4. cnte6into a mariasc(cc.Article 3 258)

Foms ol chiu g auli a" ! h |t/t eru to ahiP'I hc ioll;wingdfte forms ofchild guaidianslriPrcuraro6hip arc snrgled oxr:

i Cilardiansbitcumtotship nr r lamilv;2 Cu.rdianship in a socnn lanilY;3. CuardirDship/.uraloshiP nr slltc c.re iNtintions

rn 2000, child gMr;nnNhip (cnraroshif) in lanilics mounted Lo 45% ol all cdes of

guaidi.nship (cumtoBlit) Ntablished nr Llalvcar (200I 45%.2002 45% 2003 '18%)

rn h L'uI f!,r1.nLr'' rni'hc d,r

'O"n l"t^.g*"t|., ttt" |")telioh al the tigh^ 'f lP 'hi1/1

ln2000,casesof.hildguantianshlpGnralo$hip)atchildgurdiaNhipinstitolions'no!trtedto 53% ot.ll ca*s ol gu diarshil Gunloship) eshblishcd Lbal vcar (2001 54% 2002 54%'

ln 2000. cases olchild ':uardianslip

(cumtoshil) in sorirl faDrilies amounted to 2'i' ofall

c.ses ofguaidhnship Guatorship) cslallishcd lbal vcar (2001 l%,2002 l%,2001 l%)

Child guadilDship (.urrtorshiP)nr a lrdilv

Thenunbrordii!,lro,dqrivld.rp c al

'I hc Nmb.r orchLldreD dqlrved olPrrctrblrlsrivcs bc.rDc $cn swdir's G!' os)

ItrduJing, srinilllricitsnn,lBnher,r'",-o"".

"r " a',ra

btu'ldr\ii.rora p !d ('mle-,1

Ddrrro,muni.ipalxgemicrtuthcproildiotrolth!ishEolrh!diird

ir

i

,j

1i

^^, -^rlll,sir oldic crss d guaduship csrabl$tjcd m/n,a,7,a tn 2000 200:r ftvcals drar jn

.1"1- :l '"'.. '- l:'l ""r'"'r'n' ', v r' \ '' 'L.r 'uu t.,lol

St.iliiir! ol lhc cnscs qben Itxlivcs srxncd rcriDs xs gu diars (cuiarors). j2,r; ol.lhcn)\crtCrardttrre.ts. 32!:; unclcsrrunlsol.r.hjlf , atrd I j11 br.lhe.srshkrs

.",1'"]i ..i".r ,.q,.o..,,Jr,(. r. ,,. .., ir, r,.. r,.f.

, r' rnr.,nt to.,J, \1 Ir,,,.1r..r,, r,,...,.,,1 o , h,tJ t..,.t. L ^c." .,., , tr ,r, . ,,r. , L t.

"r J ct ,t.tll'i hrurh.^ srstr^

Chirdrcn thr€d tbr guariti{,ship in lilnitics b! ,cir sr

Tbc basis lbr gurrtli{nship (or!r{,rsl,ip) e(!l,lkhd torchitdrcn ir 2002

Doti lb nun i i"t usdt t6 l, th. pnrIlion ol tlt! ti(h^ .hh. .ht.t

ln2002.g0r hdslif (.untorshif) $xs esl.bllsherl lor 3110:l childrcn. Thc brsis lor46%.fthccxses ol sua l!nslrl0(.trrannshit)cslabLslnnenlReielillLr..lDarcntsoraprrenL.n'crsc.fr single p tnr, l{, hle cl..fx chiid: in 2l'r" ol c.ses J chiid {as hkcn nom tr(nls undel drc

troceduie \elby la$r itr about l5'% ol cnscs par ls or a trrttrt. iD crsc ol r snrgle Prcnt. \'crcnor $le 1o len,nonily hkc carc of r drikl

lhc basis forgurrdianship (cunlorshjp).stnhlishcd for childrcn h 20Ir3

I I P,"n*rv

BlEsrd 'lr |1is6 (rlic tiftrr! d ruDrrru \)

lnnh oru \ o {igL. lncn oJ rhe drld Nirrl

,,lotrili rLnhD i I 'nonthprloiinqrlt!r],1,1''

pr"r1ai1t!!1lil)

lh !LL,l

l,) l v

Dtt.t/i,n, ttit iprt q. .ie\ lat th? ptu(tktt./dt. tit.h6./rh. thj

." ,:,_,ll ,r.,,.,,,r. ,.^ rf,i,/,,,,/i,\.. ...Jo .t., u I . .. . , , r.. , . .. ud I ,.-. /.rrrJ.,'. 1 ur ,,td.., h"...ut .",,.ru 1,.1trj( rt n.,_ _ l)nn J,,. t..,.1',\.,r,, r ,,t1... , 1t-,,.. t., t..,,,;.. ,.,.,,,,,'.r ''.' r.,,., h- u .,.r, ,r.... ,",.:,,i,, ,,,,,., "

r, n, . ,n1 .Jr. , h. . ..,,.tr,,.. ,,,.,. ,.,.,. .. ; . .;,r, ,,,:,., ".',,nccouDtcd aor6_on. re sanre x{ nr.nnr

^**,r,r"i.,*,' ,,,. ,r ," , - r,.

Dtkt lr1,n nt&i ia!q.,.i.t rt tu p\,tutnD.ltlL ti,eht\ o/lh.LluLl

ill , In200J qu-raisnrr,clrdor.t.,or{r er.btN\eJtor,0,r,,it.her jt,.bo.Nrr,40,o-the (ases ofguardianship Gurdro6hro) e.taht,rhmd r.r.gep,m,,or""e*.."r"";,1;;,:'j';;;':ll.l::,ii'J::l.i::; :;::l"li.:i";:fro(edu< ret b! lctr\i rn ahour t40^ of(35es Daren6 or.',"'. " .,"p"*.'r,,.,.,'""r.." ._

P ! {3lae r" r'eo r'n8lcrr"I a're

, r0.001.,'8. rdJ".,cr.j4b.up..i,r,.,c.o.otrtcn,!oorair.rard,U!R"ruih\

erh.d,o tunl o bc g drd,. 1. r!.r,oF. o d !'td.,,",,".","".,... ;.';::;r-,ili;l."",il '""

, ' .' , ,,o " ve.e.en..ed.v,n !,e,. po.r,J,, ,o..oq,nu ".."..J,;..: ;.;,i ;,

ln 20n.1, rhe luDt nunber ^t repldccd rurd,j j{ I

d eJ q1,e,r .n,o,u,cc;; ;,; ; " ;; ;:;;;:,i:l;:1:ll ;l.l lJj;Jl,"l li jj,l., l,rhc pro(edure scr illlh b) lJtrs t5 purrdids $ere ra.proceduE set ibrth by laws

noved fonn then position following the

,:r .lI

r The hhl nunb oladoptd.bildu'

Nunbcr ofcbildren ndofled ii Lilhlania i' 1995 2oo3Accord gtothedataoflheMinisq

.*li"ii!"."i"""iil;iiu,el"."""t-"l inree5lirizdsorthc

il;;ii: ilil;l; ;;;ilG .',*.""''te6 31'1 chirdren' in ree? 2e3 chirdren' in

",i.i.i:

i" ir'*"", '. i,r'tt 2o'l children. in 2000 119 children in2001 ll? children' in

2002 159 chiLdren, in 2001 ll? clildren

Adop'ed childr€n of spouses

and children dcprivcd of prr€ntd care in l99t-2003

r Adopied childFn of a spons

As see! fton Fgurc 2. bcfore 2oo3 1he cascs ofadopion ofchil&cn deprived ol parentll

care s,e e rJrcr rhrn rhuse oi (hildren .f.pnuses'"

'.,'], ....'"r rul,oer ^ +ilor(r'door(ao ci'e''o rr"Reout'trcl rr'hn"$*

,0, ','"n.n "q*,.. '"'"' o 'po e 4"1e'\Ue'd"pri e o'Fendlcd

l'.ooE rhe.o.' n, r.be'ol.CrDreo "''ln { "2

ol ''em 0vee 'd'Predbu"reo,r.',r", ".i"i,tt ti "t'ra,;;

o"privej of parenLat caa rvere adoPted !v citizens ol rhc Repxblic

4.4. ADOPTION

Endof gnardianship (c ralorship) of . chitd itr 2000_2003

ao I''u00.edd\.'ro,rcrrror,it ,erd.otor uolctrto.c|oropfl.or.,hiredrrdnnrr.

rcr nell to rh.ir parenrs. 18 !h rdcr,ro.e, sbo.-r,rrd." .t'p ""..l,"".

""-.a1.,",'rn kc' Jdolr'd lnu 'no' 1-o r

aborr_!,o.ct,to.en^or1t. - -r,Fr"r8'0or'l'lucr'..nJinrt r1,o,,..

-..,^_ti ,,lf.,.r,la e,*ai"".r,ip l"u.oroot ipl

"na"a ti,. t874 childrcn: ?7r pcaons artainedfon).6a6ct:drcrk,r(,,un,".,urr.rpae-..,-"r.r,.,".,,..."a"",i" ri ,",..1r- 0 o l rtu,n. L'o e e.r ddi,ip e,deu q.r" e.,trrc! r^ poF 4,,, or.h,tu (n Jn,ndmajo.ir). Jb!ut4oa olch ldren we c JLloDled

i,' \i0. !5rtd r,",oE,.h.o,lur ro.h o,.,d-J to. tEu/ ct rtd.cn. oo t,..o| r, r"or'b'oi ) -:0 l rlo e,r Lp ( r.aa.d o rt (1 ou.enr,. 0",, ",, *_, ". dd r.",,,,,. r,".^,a0'0or,lllJr"r. \'o.egurd'Jl.nDendeJ.sercrer,r,e.t oDd, i.. { , ot , ,.i,dr.r _nJin-dhajodry. aborr 6%ofchildren werc adoDied

Ir 2Oo^], clild eutrdiaBhip (cht;ship) drded for 2 I 29 cr ildren: I 1 5 of childrcn rtrainedmaroflrJ.8l0 chrldren qere rcrurncd ro rherouenrs t5i,8., v'.n,drc',\nJ.. su, d,;, h ; .;:;,*,1 ;1,1.", i;: :l'T,:iT'* "."najori+ 7% ofch'ldren werc adopred.

Ahircd nrilnity or enailip ion

Data Jioa nuhiipat aeentid lor the prote.tian ./ the tiEhts al th. chill

tn 1999. lt1e Lotal nunbd of adopted childreD was 204, I 6I of then cbildrc! werc adoptedby one of spouses and only 4l children deprived ofparental care were ddopted by.itizcns oflhe

ln 2000, the toial ntrmber ol children .dopted by citizens of dr Rep rlic of Lirhuanidwasl19,ofwhich82childrcnvereadoptedbyoneofspousesddonly:lTclrildrcndeprivedofparenbl cdre weF adoptcd by cilizeds of the ReprLblic of Lithuanid.

In 2001, dre ioial number of adopted childrcn was 137, ofwhicb 8t chitd ivas adopred byone ofspouses,56 childrcn dcpiv€d ofparental cre serc adopted by cirizensofthc Rctublic of

ln 2002. the total number of adopFd childEn was 159, ofwhich 84 ctrildrcn {ere adopredby one ofspous€s. ?5 childrendeprived olpuental carc wee adopr,ed by citizensofiheRepublic

ln 2003. citizens ofrhe Republic otLitbuania adopted ll? .hildrcn, ofrvhich 54 child.en$tre adopLed by one of spouFs, and 63 children dctrived ofparenlal cre s,erc adopted brr cirizensof the Republic of Lithmnia.

V. DATA OF THE IIEALTH AND WELFAREOF CHII,DREN UNDER 3 IN RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS

5.r. soct^t r'HrR4( ll tusllc\

While rn.lysing thc trobltus ofintani socialisation it is nccessdv lo dc6ne not onlv the

health stare ofinlanls but also lo higliight lhcn social chdacteristics ll Lilhuania, difl€Enl nom

Wcst€m counlries, adofters orguardia.s ar€ no.e concerncd about the infanfs he.lth Ho\tever.

while lbnnuladae lhc plicy ol infa.t socialisation il is imlortant to deiine social chanctcristics

ofinfanG living io infanr hones. To this cnd. the preselt social reseuch Nd conducted Aspccial

qucstionnaire wc draivn up andeipertsscrc n€yedThe questionnanc was nlled in by cmployees of infant hones for each infant It includcd

both questions about thc infanfs heallh and hisAer motler aod falher At nisl gLan.e an easv task

olrecording social chamclcristics seened to bc not tasible as sonetnnes iL was notpossibLe to

dci ne no1 only indicatoK of a l:lther bui of a mother $ well (in cases tlaled to abandoned infants).

I hc .lata is recorded as ofNov€nber l,2OO4. At that dme thcre wet 365 infants 1br {bom lhe

questionn.fts *er nllcd in at 6 infanl hom€s The questionnanes were aho 6lled ia for 105

chiLdrcn slro had len thcsc homes berwecn Ianuary 1. 2004 and Oclober 31, 2004 In addition,

experts, including enployces ol inlart homcs. Agencies foi thc hotection of thc Rights ofthcChild and ot!* omces- vcrc suNeyed usins an nrteNie{ bded medrod

5.1.I. SOCIAL CTTARACTERISTICS OI' PARNNTSThc youngest nolhcr who .brndoned hcr child$!s only l3 yea6 ofdge. rvhcreas lhe eldcsl

The numb€r olchildrcn adopted ahrond in 1992 2003

one Ns 46 yeaB old Gee 6$re 5.1).

l hc age ol the balority (nrore Lhan one

thndl of nolh*s rmsed ftom l0 to 39. As the

suNey of cxpefis shosf. thcsc morhers have

more than onc child. On Lh€ evc ofthe resedch

stage conducted in Kllipdda, a three week old

sirl was abandoned in the infant home ofthiscily. The rcasoD for that indicalcd by the fmily$as rhat it alEad) hld !.othcr one-yer oldchiid and thcre weE do condlrions for raisins

one bore child. The dolhd $as a Youngwond (20 ycaB of age) but thc fcrcentrge ofp.rents rvho abandon one ofthcn children is

Age of Ntothcrs Wlro Ablndoned Th€irInrrnts (perc€ntqe)

,Accordingroiheabovedateandfigures,thelowestnunbcrofchildrenadoptedbyforcigrcBivas i. 1992 dd 1993 Gespectivcly. l5 and 30); shib nr 2000 and 2001 rh€ numbcr rcspeclively

ln 1994, foreisnes adopted 166 children; in 1995 9,l chittren; in 1996 t(]4 ch|d€n:1997 1:10 childred. in 1998 ll4children, in 1999 92childrcn.

In 2002, foreigners adopred 12 children. a nr200l l04childred.

l1r 17

r! tl1spel aL atrenrun "hu!ld hc Prrtl l! rhe

yourgest a.d thc cldest no$e6. 'lhcre re 4% olthe Ii6L ones (undd the oficial maa iassble .ge), vhercas every elevenlh woman is over'10. Cledltir n not edy lo raise chllFn when morhers tlmslves arc almost chiLdrcn (lhe vougest mother is

aged 13) bul ivhat do nuture wonen think? More than '10% of lvonen ivho abaDdor their children in

intunt hones arc over 30.

The degrcc ofresponsibility for a cbild is los'N only ?% ofthcsc somen work and have

ne $ oisubsisrcnce Gee ngurc 5.2).

r1 r

r

\

tl

lD 1999. the LoL.l nunrbcr olad,)dd chrldre. Bd\ 201 l6t ol rheD .hrlfrcn vcr. ad.pl.dby.nc ol spouses rnd o.l!.11 .h ld,c deFn!ed oJ f tDta .r.. *ere rdotlcd bt.ni7.n\ olihe

1 2000. lhe btal nrnb.r ol chrldrcn xdotr.d b\ .hi^ns oJ Lh. RcfubLi. ot I tlhuanrtrwas ll9. ol $hrch 12 ch ldrcD {c.c rdop(cd b! onc ofsf.LLse; and only ll chi drctr d.t.i\ed ol0rr. lricrre *cr. ado|t.n h\ .lrilcns ol rhc Rctrbli. ol t.lrhurnri.

lir 2001, ihc total Dur$.r ol mlopl.d chrldrcn wa\ ttr. ol which 8t .hitd $x\ ldorled byotrc ol\nouses. 56 chiLdrrD dcpri!.d.l pxiental.rrc scrc rnool.d by crLrzens olth. R.tLLbt'c o1

ln 2002, rhe (otdl nnmbcr.r'ndopled childr.n was t59. ol wlrich 34 chrldrcD r.rc ttupledb) one oj spouses,l5 .hildrcn d. i!erl ol Drrcnlalcarc wcrc rdople{l b} citLTcDs olrh. JteDublic

ln 1001, ritiz.ns ofth. lteirublic ol Lilhuxnia rdotl.(l ll7 chr[]rc.. oiulii.li 5.r rhrtdren$crcrrlopLedLrr. on.olsN!s.s.rr 6l chiklrcn dc0rn.d.lParenlrl. r scrc r.lnpr.(Lb!.iLrrc.i.ll'c Rcnubli. oJ Lithurnla

\I DATI OIT'I'HE HfAI-TH AND WEI,FAItE()}.CHILDRIiN UNDfR 3 IN RESIDE\TIAL INSTI'TTJ'I'TONS

5 r soct,\L( HrRACTIRISll(]s

$hil. rml)\ldg rhc prcblems !l l.fant socixlrsalro. it h ncoess.r] 10 nchnc nol.nl! drc

h..lth {atc ol nrILnL'butaL$ tohighllgILthcnsocialchrrr.lcrisncs ln I-i1|utrtrr' dil]!rc.1n.nr\\'citcnr courlrlc\. rd.tlcA or grtrdians lrc moF co .c'tcd rbouL rhc idlanl \ henlLh Howc\eiwliilc tunnul.ll S rh. folicy ol nrlx l $.ialisrlron rl is nnNrtrnl lo l.lnr. soclxl char"'tcrishts

.l nfxnts li!nrs l l tunt honts. To rhis.nd.lhc PresenlsrcialrcserrcI wrs..tulucLed. '\ sliccrrl

qrc\lionnr ! \ttd,aren u| xnd erPens\tcrc {Lneyellhc qreslnf'rl'c wb nllcJ iir bf cnldoy.es ol rolilnl honrc\ lar cr.h intanl IL i

'lLrdcdbolli qucnur nbour rh. inlirl s hetrllh and hn"hcr moLher..d ftt]rcr ALri6rgla.cc an ea\! tx\k

o rc.ordrrg so0irl !li3rxctcristi.s seenrc(l nr bc nol llxsibl. rs ntnelrmes I \'r\ nol poss h ' llrd.6Dc not onl] lndi.artrs.ll lirherbutofx molherrs *ell(in.rscs rel!1c(l lo xblndone{t l'tnnl\)'lhcdxrai\rero .il rs.lNoveurb* 1.2001. A{ lhlllirnc lhcrc were 165 ntlDts lor\honi tbc

qrcslonranes *cr. llllcd in trl 6 inll,.r honlcs The lu.slioiDaires $er. aLso iillcrl n ]nt loj.hlldrcD $ho hrd cft $$c honres bel$..n.rrnu.rl. 1 200'l rnd OcLoLrer rL.2004 ln rdilitore\t.ns, !rclufnrs.dd.)cc. {t i.lnrl h.drcs.,\gcn.ies lin thc Prolecrnri.lthc Rigl'1\ otthcCl'iLdmd.thcrolllc.\. \tcr. \urleyed unigaD rnrcb- iex b$.d ni.thod

5.r.r. soct,\LcH,\nAc l trRIsTlcs or PARINTSl|. ) oungesl nj|nli.r $ ho trbxnd,r.d hctchLld rns oil) Li j. crr oiuu. whcrcN Llie

'Ld'stof€ $rs 16 yclrs old G.. nluc i. Ll.

lhc agc ol lhe rn!.,ity (nxrre Lhlri . c

llnftl)ol i.thcr\rtrnged t,.'n r0kr19.Atlh. AgeofNlolhc.s\!hoAbnndoncd lh.n'rirel ol.\pcrts \bu$s. lhcsc nuhe$ h.\. Infrnts (perccntagc)

morc thrn .nc chnrl Of 1h..!coflhc rcser(h

The ntrDrb€rofchildrcn rdopt.d rbrond in 1992 2003

c.o,dtrg1! Lherbo\cdatcrndlisDr.s. rhclorenn n$o ol.hiltrenrdoprcrlbyfi,.ignu.!]vrs ii l99l r (L li)91 iresNctilc1]', l5 i l l0): nhilc m 201)l)..(l 2001 ltrc n n$cr rs1J..ltvrtl.

ln 199.1. lnreigneis adoft.d t66.rit(hcn: in it)9i r).1.1: (trcni rn l,)ra t0t.||dreli1997 Lll).hllder'. r Lrts lr4.hil&.n.iri l')r, 92childr.i

ln 2l)i)1, lo'eigners rJ.|rcd 72. ii drerr..nJ iir 200r l).1.hitlr.n

[r;:,.""],", .,.r,tu"" ",,0" i.;itrle..nduct.J i. Kliipidr r thr.e $.rl,)ldgtrl $as ab.rdoned f,lh. iDfanl home ollhl\cnr Th.'.as.nlor Lh! nilcrtcdb! rhe fudrilfw.s Ll,xL i1 xLrtrd! htrd ,d.lh.r on. l. etrr !ldchjld trod lhcr. \rcre no coddjtjons l.r rllsnrgone nu. .hild The nolh.r ris n i. lung{.Drn (21) )crN ol rse) |ul rh. tcrtcnLx.re ol

txrenls \'no xbandon on. ol th.ir chillr.n is

i \r^,, ., . t.., i.t h

torngesl trnd {h. cldc\l DoLh.6 lhcrrr.'l'li!ldrc firL oDes ldndcr rhc ollcirl

'.xnixgoble xse). $tur.as c\ery eL.vctrdr sunan is or " '10'

(lc'rLr.

it tr norer;) kr r!sc childkr' $li.n nr(xhc* Lhe$.Ltcs rrc rhrosl .[]drcn (thc ]ortgc{ moder n

agc{tlllbrL$hard.nrlltnwoi.nthnrkl\lorelhitr'10fi'ol$ofr.dNhoib.ndonIr"'hiLfrefirriDlirllrorrisxrc.v.r llr

The (l.g,c. or r.sponsibiIlJ iir x .hild ir lN' r\ onl! l'l'i, olt[.\c rvon]er rv'l* rnd hr\'Dr.rns ol 'ul\l{.n.c

(see lisLtrc 5lr

I

lh( mriffll! ol Iihe6 r c unen]plolc!,11, ol dr.n tr( {Lpport.d b! di. slil.rnd rcccn( rD ,liubiln\ nrNnnr. ( lliltl.llo\vanres i.c nNrns ol strbsistcnc. Inr rr(.aud.rtrflo)_.1 x. ic llos.\.r. r..odi|! (,r

c\rreIls, c\.n rbis ii.0ns iLi\ldg rl llic expqrs0ol rhiknrnr bc.ooer odr iDFnrnrt to nxtnuffwho abrMotr rlrcii driltlr<n r lninr honrc\Thcir d.!rcc .r rnfi lirencc is erLr.mcl! hi!hllh.relort. .hrllr.r r phccl tr intrr'l hodrcs\lorc rrr.nlrDn \lurld b. lxlid r, th. Fd ol'diaSom crllcd Othci: .nr or"..!$.l nrlirnrh.rres fcltrJcd fro\Litrr10s (lcr 1[ \ (1cgor]

( l.x.ir,..hl|lren.r. o )sLxclcr ro rhc i)..upfliof olsucI nolhc,j.\i rl'c ir\c,ful dit. \hor.l\. cdn$t,.r ol onl! oDo thnd.r rorhrrs

'i rllond r or hillr

\rhi.hdirlcN tioD rl{lcn.nl lc\cldlcducarnr olt-nhorrir rvonrc lsce lilurc5llo.lt { liw wftr1cn hr!. hlg i.r or r .omplcrd hghrr efu.d rtrr. 11 s frlic l.d rr.1clc !

litih .noLh$ hns hish cd c!tn . inrhdirL bori \oDrcn $ho hN! lra.lLLrLcn llorr ]oc.rnnril\chool! nnd r.chtrob!\ s(nooll(prcscnr c.llcgcsi Uo.c rh .1(r'!

liducrlion ofllolhrN (|'(rentagc) of r.oLh.A jr\e not ).cn xbtr k)i.qur. sccondrr_v .d!c!ti,trr lhrlnor lonlr i!o q.N rl'.loq.sr l.\rlol

Soci!l Strrus of xlothcriAl0grr Ptulr( lro ol sLnl!

{Io{ lurltrJ i\ knr\n nr ur

SiNllal rn(l l'inNatvs shcretr\ nrc

$nill.st rrol\o ur oL sLch ii]nflsN rn Klarl!(li lr.e 6!ure i 5l'

Tf conPIc. the r!nn)'r oL'

ide tilied lirllids \rN srb\hntirl

onlJ nr \1|'riN .Dd iiiulrri (scr

li'nplol cnt ol Iiollrers (Dorcnl'gc)

E nfttlL,YodI LiL. lnoy'dE str0l

t-,

IrIii

Irudai-2i

!a

<,!a' 1"

! LhnD,t r!! r-1

ldrntilicrlnr of rrthcrs (p'rctdl'ge)

iL sh!Ll{l bc slrc\r.(l lhri,'liLnt hLtrrics hrl no inronnxtirr,&n looj o c llirn ol morhrs

$ho rbnn(l.ncd lhcir .hildtutr n'r 1e rniLrLnN ll is lteLy thrL

lindrns,rLr r.h inlbr r.rron $Lrldnor )xt( rhc DBs(nt I'r rtnn l(!)lbct<r l. r !nr\ c\c $,hcn n

lrcn l.ss l\ i rNrj rborrirth.,. o ullLrr' t)lurl itr r irl{honils: irrl,nn{lrrr ri N.'l bl!'orly rho(1 1{1c rln'il ol (hdn (llqo).

OnlySr'i,ollrlhcrs{.rk,2ln{)fdr.hIcitrt,Doicd)!1hc\hLr.N,rrr']\Lj\!(lijrrn.lh0.r.llviLies 1,l-ri, iru rncnd,ircf N,nhinr is {Dln rboL L r$.rs'lI. ed!r.ri. l.\.1.r'brhrrs i\.\cn n\vcrrhr rhxt.t morh.r' nh i te s tirtrcrt l \chi!hcr!i(( nhoru.n'nDle(cdhigh.rcd rrti(!r(0.(r"dr lligh.ntr(rlnr)(1trrlri,').llshorl(lh. nor.l ng rlhxllhi\nunnrc,ir0lf(l.slhs(wrohrvcgtudldcdiiLtrr\ouLrtrrLlornrrir{rleehnol.!rs.hools(hlj,6"ioili(licrshnrcr! dulio(0trill.ntcor'tr\e.ordJ\\rh..l .l1i,.r'rh.D lHr( lor sr unlnl rionr Itu \.conu'r {lD.l- l,r. !r. !' rJunr.i ot I hNi. :chrxn_ 1o i, hr\ rn.r gndurrcd ltunr a brsi. s.l!rl. l'ri, hrvc !r unlcd Inr| rhc rrnrx^ !.ho.l n rlO.ll;lir\coLg[duL.d.\.i lion!nrirlrNsr rool ,\s rtr(Drn r(] hcli!... Lb.ic s iro inforiirLnr x\riLxblc

rliout 1lLU.d\crnor' f l 7x"ir !l lil r$sIhr nriorill olurdo!.d nrih.N li\. nr \il n6ls..lilur.i1)..\ l lle h'rnDRe rt'lor.d rx'tIcrs lne nr KJUm\

O l! cvc' l-' li ldr lt'rlcrNsidolrir viL| rs $x. u..n1dor'd'

ll,e c \r.r. tr!ic r"lhoshalnr! [rgh ed .rlnn' nr \iliiN

lnrploJ_nr.nl olF,thtrs (p€'L' nrgc)

I

I

5,r.2- S()( tAt-CH;\R^CTlrRlSTl( S OF CHll,DRrl\SonN''vcn,br I ll)0.1 \i\ iDlnnr nonrcslnni65 nrbn$rnn.hildE Ud $-1'hc uftrof

srch .hildr0n ln Vrlnius ilirrl|.nrc sns lr. inSiauliri 58.nrhi.ve4t 16. ri Klxipc(ln 56.

..N. J. \! \l '

-.r

l:ir{ !l rll. n sn\ drccss,r! r! ftrd oul llt tnsons why rr inlit1 *as plrccd in irnr.l

:\s lhcrc \!as ftrtrc llru .nc losible rciso0 indi.alcd l drc q $tbnnrnc lhc l'!rlpei..ni!g. exccc{L onc h!rdrcd

'lh. n$r frequ.rlly shtcd rr{trr Nis r nishrnno.iorr lirrnLly Thir dccou ls lnr 5:11; ol

nllrosons i'rlicalcd. ( lcirlr: dt* cxscs can bc \ lrp'e!'cntd bt rh. tulltNnrr o.s: rtskicled

|!re.hl rigliri (9on). t'.rcnrs rhnNllvcs renootrccd lhen .hi[l l5-':t, p.rcnhl violcncc (r%)

,^nolhcr rc0$i.LL\ellrlhtxbo!.nron1l,ncdoner s nrPrii.rnlc r.fplrenlsllln) Ihrs.7otrloll0 i.tu Ls s$u flareJ iir idlnnt ldrcs Llnc lo proh cm liniilics

A.dlh$ gNUp or-.cnsors 's relalcd 1o F\.rl)-'. Ilri\ $A indi.nred cven h ll'l' ol'

qncstdu ir!\ l)dinnrlt. rbis trvr! rm hc corrlitcLl \{nl r snu '

nr [)blcn, aio)ilic\, in

ehrcI r'a!1jly nrcmb0rs do nol$o'k bL rJriDkrfd iictvnnctruo.( l.rdy,llics. sftrrtrol r.isoniiirrt bcrclllcdolh( ]r g10r1f LLLnc$oilrlrcns (ii{l.rtcd

n erer-y rcnrh qucslionm|cl. snrglc Nrc r tunnlics lm.sl olicn cons$Irtr8 ol a rn'glc n!{hc.)

f)",;). drh!rcq 6loli truh.ro{cccpl $ inliDlll29:;).i\\ iflf i.s\ viL i crtc s \lx)w, \!.dicn .ri8r!cd r f()*iltr1l.D oll! i $[i o,c0clll lhct

childreri ro inlinLhomes whcn rf iihn{ bc.omcs ri olnrcle Lo lhen t..uprLn .

Ai rlr inre*icNi ol c\0ens rlro$. tunncr i.lurcsol iniirl hoNs .hiklc chorNsornrtnr\rnurnl\ lrnd mr ro r.kc crp ol trd nor ro f isc lficn o\rr cliklru I hor. il nn n,lirl rmrbolrhe-1hirdgenentnnl Li!rng o c irlidr hom. slros.sr rlNolh.rand Nrlhcr wct r Lsc(lin

As thc nrc^ic$s ol .\Icrrs 'hotr. loncsli. \nn.ncc lso Lrrecds \i'tercc orie cis. lrr\t}-rn $.nlllv covetd h] rhc nalionrlDt$s: r hoy s lilc sass tL\lnlie.l!. Nrs ior.d lt'slrNc.l|.'nc(xlrrcscnlh.irbeii!rdofre(ll))rFrcchlhiri\)llisnrnhtrldN(rr.nft\o{hughl.6btrt in her rhLldhooJ sh. \r\ \c$trlly xbuscd by her bnrlher whL0b lc(L$ 1l!. turrr1,n ol rrc!ali\.. d]t sed arlilld. bvr r rci

A,|*nsc ( surllt trNrlrl onc) olle pr\luccs ft\rritc nrlitd.s losa.ds oncs osn

.hildren l S.\ier rnncs ir sas souBhl lo rcdtr.c lhc po\sibililics ol binl 8ivr,g ofsuch nl('lcNieC byr\in8dcull).whcrcr\atprcscrlitrsi.tlhcclrcany uc N thc humr tilhrs cr norbe

InorlRr gmul .r'r cnro s aor In..cnr.nr nr i'rli'nl t'o r.s e r b.drs{i'rgursh.d: di*'llLly ol

rh..hild (i'%) nDd ih. r(sri\ !l n cnsivc.nr! ruNn,g (r%). is rhc nr!c-! ol .\p.ns shoFj.

r(llsxbl.dchldiiltlticulxrhr\nrgrmcnl.Lilnc$.diso.rson.Ldelorsc\.ft1dis.xrcs)sxbu.nlorLi.tiDnly.lislolrLL.rD1(rsolliniicidlslnlushnrli.rmrnv$(hclrikh.nui.dlodi.durnrerhrn|orshonlrlltrc li.. lh $ h.rc$ no$ ntnr df lh.trr suNite (l tilq Horv.\ er- oti.nlimiln\ hxlnr! mor.hildBn r$o!h! rurh uhil&cn.s l[rcnl. no nor $ rr kr Frkc n sxcrilit.lor thcm or lhq do tro1\yrnl Lo ldrfrIlhc Lr!r g!ondiLioNol oLhcr.hLUrrn

lhus, dlllircrl lirff \resr.nr co( rrlrlcs, w icrc lnnrs rlrndrtts xrc turlr hrghel rtd wIcrc.dNablc.l child ii rd.plerl rtr ord.r r) hch hnnrhc. kr suni!. !M bt Liucrlcd rr muelr !s po$ibltnuringrhorhn\nionilpuriodolrhcDosl{onnnnristconnrry.ropto\il.l dcrcy..n b. d[s€rtl{-$he truili.\ ril lo !rlv! lhen t()ltu f xt Lh! uxtcnsc.l\ucf .hildr.n (ln fr.licula! oIildl.ssliDi lc\) Ih[iDg rhis l]rd Llno rccounl n is noL t)osrLlte r' i)ldcnicn( Lhe r(loprd, xlcl\ drta.e s{.ccssiulll appled ii cnrsrlic so.r.lrls irr Lnhunri. !1 o .c qrmcrll! rl l\ \lLlPlt Dol

Odk.tion of[toihers (pqenr Ca

'.1II i

l

In Snrtiii ntD*r balloJ idcntillcd [rrh.rs (481,,)l'trve scc.ndrry rducrl or.

lr ir trri.ri.rtt"- nnDo!-sibrc to collccr rDo.c vBrirliJi,Drlnn xhour d,oLhcrs{rl lilh.rs ol i)iinil rJhcc(t

T

i

hrlantsxnd Chiklrcn undersAcco.dinqtocendorllrrc.nrrg0)

dv,r.rb,"L.l

A\ th. d.h ollhe rc$arch fr.\ldcd n figrre.13 sho*, llr.re xre morc tinjaLc nrfa ls Lhrnn lc i.fxnlsoil) ln Sirulixi intirDthonr.r15j!:;rnd4rl,;. rcsF.rtrclyl Thcrc rrc!lj I ue jmtcrlirDts dian lintrle ones r aLLthc rc( l lrrl homes

l7-'l ol chillren iiriir! in nrfa.r homes nre und.rth. aAc oj 6 nnfths thcxedol20!foof0hildrnrang.s LorlIinonrhsto I !c.r.ll% lioD1kr:rcrrsr d lolri, ti.nr2t.lyr.rs(\ec

possiblcro sct lhe lnDnolthrcc monrh' otslxy r infxnl honrcs ltr rIlrts(inJrarrtcut.rdisxblcdones) so diat then psychologi.xl d.!elopnrenl would fot he (lisLLrrb.rl bccarsc rhere ro l{l bc no

ODL\ .nc perenl ofinfxfts *ere roL.t orthrns, i . having no trrnls al r . Thus.!cn 9990ofthcn rc niore or lc\s.rfhanr ln a social scnsc, alth.ugh Don olicr h.th FdEnls t atn c (otcousc.oan ol prreDts arcuDhowr).

Anc. lre secord $rond $rr inrny chiLdrcD beconre lcnnL orohnnj. rvhercxs at tBcrrLithuania (r.d,lell Lell,: oth$ |oslcoDnnunist couDtics as welt) bccanj. ihc rcDrber ofnjcEurcDcatr LJnion rnh such a iunhcrolsocixlorthxns

a)hriously.monnonngh..cesvry r1h.inturctorobser!rrnrihoNttrlrcierymrrursaDdb.conrs.rorlcnrocmiic

A\ ol Novenrbcr l. 2004 rherc werc i5% ol mrle rnlints nnd .1iti, ol temnle infxnis .r.hlkl,cn ur er Lhe agcof r,li! ns in rnliur hotrics (s.c tigu.e 5.t)

Infxnls rnd Childrc nnd.r .l ,\ccordtue to Ise (Pc'ccnt{gt)

!iiLlll

3LlrL.

Th.rc rre no inli$ls uflt.r a m'ntbs ln Pdrevntys O'lv L(J9'ir ol sr'h nli'ls h\c Lr ntufl

r"-"" 1,, u,i"],". r+',; in Slxuliri. l5i'ir irAl!l!s' 25"'l' rn KlxiF (13 rntl:rll'ir nr KN"s:in"''",,i,',,it,,,i,rl.,.-'*,,,!$rgclionIm'nrh\toI!e'raitirrvLlnius(:'l!n)the!'r$nunber.lthe r is $ l'xncva;fs {ll1'1,)''-"'-i'",",,t.

,,;,u t 'ta'u\

.l Lhls xge i' SiruliaL 2l% nr KlxLp'dr' l9% m Krunis ind

u, n,'i"' ,,itt "i*ii,u* "fgrg l xge lron L b 2 vem hve ln vrl ius 3l-'" l iixulhi'

i', ,".,'," , tl " "n': ,;.;.., , ,r.' ,,t_+r n,,rt, ",

|",t, nr 3i!,Lltni.27e; in vihiius rri Khidda' Al,mst otr thtrd (19'r';l ofiDldG in i tnnlhoncs ro'nc lio iunl3rcns !hcn[].nlvol

*,.h Lnli,rLs aE ]\l!16 rla, hoD0 (lixll olaLl nni r\ iir llis nrslllution) (sce ligur 5 l0l

Iohnts liom Difinrcnt ,\reas Oercntngc)

a

EDNruttN,$ lvllor ritros

5l

8 out ol10 innMlcs LLving lD ViLnius lnlani hoDcs arc lro vilnius.All childrcn ilom Parc\atys iDfant honi. ar. l,ithu.irn rv|erear nr vilnius inliint home

59% arc L ithuaria.. 26ii, Irtn ish. I 01n Ru$lld anrl 4% l tunN o I ol|er ruliolalilies In Kh iDadrnnirnt homc cvcry tcndr nrfxnl is RNsia l|us. LheFofultlion l. ilanlhoDesrellecLs lhespe(nic

5.1.1.'IYPES Ot (;UARDTANSHTPAND PURSPUCI tVUS Ot'^t)OPt tONThis may bc th. rcason lor dilTc,cnt natue oll.lanlgurdianship: ore li,u h oiinlinls nr

ViLniusrndKlaipidar'rund$p*ma.elguardllnship$t,ereNs$ereisonlyl9/io1lrchrnllnLsh aia lhi(sccfigtrr.5ll)

hlants Status in lernN ol(;n.rdirnship Ocrcentre.)

lh.r st dud,nic siLuatlon is nr Alllus and Siaulini shcre drc ntljoritv ol ltrfxnls hlre

qoodpr. ecls for itioption w|cNN orcllrtn hallolintinls nr PancvitvsttdKldip'drb'vc no

.;;...'ii, '.,1\.,irt r' r " '"rd'b r'( r1 'rnr' L'r1

",,,i,ir.i., ..,.." ',, .\.. .1.J. r,q, '1 r""''r'rr'J'r''r'$xr 1e\ infilnts havcbccn xdoltcd abroad.

5.2, CHILDREN'S PI,ACE]\I !]NT ,\ND LIVING IN INF'\N I TIONILS

As ofNov.nnrer l,2O0r1lh.rc {er' 165 iihris Nd chrldE underLhclgeof:liniifrnlhornc\'

5-2.1. PLACtrMr]NT lN INF N I HONIlls,1,% 1"i.*. ".,i.h,1.r."

under thc rg. of I Ncr pl"cd nr lntlnL lr'ncs li'nr h'aLth crc

','-,ili;,;'". ,,4;l; fnnn rh. depdnn.nL ornconirologv ora hosrlral l8',i' lion thetr 1nren6'

il',i,r. il,i' r'."..tr,. +aklirrhrp nrsritrrrtur' 2e; rionr trr'n rlrrivcs rinriLv nrd:l';

$l'cre *.!. Child Pt{ccit in lnr,.t IIo 'e

frc t (ptrccnt{gc)

;:i-=d::;

lh0 r rx ysis \ linLdrcd b_v thc lr.sfccts (ltrsNdivct f.rchild ad.ttl. (scc rigure 5

l)'orpccrs Ior Inl!nt Adoplion (Dcrcenl!'tc) lleD 56% ol ilfinB.n.l chrldrcn unn'rlhe ngc of l jrrvc anitcd 10 l'anc!'Zls inlint honrcs

r"'" ir'"i. pa,"t" ll'.lri. 1 lt.r c dc '10'r 'r such ch Lldre' in Lhe tovn '

r r\l!ff The smxll'r

n,"r1'v.r 1,1,,,t,,"r.1,1,r."n underthe €c 'l l 'rL\cd

fronr rhcn prr'ns li$iLv10rhcEsl

i,,i"",'n.-.', ,a",n. *n"",{ r'r'i ii Sixulixl. 2'i nr vrlnirs and 2% r Klur's 'e1"

ol intanL'

ari!ed l. Vil.nrs Dlidt homcs iiorrr nrc delaltDrents olneonrlologt ol hnsfihls :J:l.r'i fronr

hcrlrh carc iNtitLrltr.s a5'/" ol0hliilr.n {'rc se nr Si'o1iai nrhnt hodr's lroni he!!th cur'

;;i;';,i',,., ir;,; i.Dr rrre dcp. ,ncnrs or neout'rogl- or ho$itars r\s 11 $is 'nc'tnnred

n"ii,,.. ti'".,,tlrlt ",o,ul'cn ri\' to Ptr'vtzvs inlrnL h'$es tion rh'ii lrre'ts lu$iLres'

,+"; r,.. ii; a"rl" --1s .l nconuLologv or hospills 9'r'ir lion |'alrh car' ftLnurronJ 52!';

or.r,,ra,",t ".''" i, rr",p".l,! lnlinl h'nrcs liom t'r' ilcprnnmls ol n'udlnogl. 'fhos'rn'ls],,"; l;.'.1.,'r,r, -..1;*t1 oDs jj'\ ol childref r ile Lo Kruni\ r'lrtlh'mes rnnn lrcal(h

ir,c nsLiLutor. 't:-q; li.nr 1|c dcr.ndicnls oltrcontbLLrgv olho\pihls '1f9n 'ldrildrdr rtrne

i. oi". l"r.u bolnes tunn hcrlrh.arc nrrtltulro s xnd otly 6'''" lio th' Jepannrcnis oi

*nn"Lolneuur'h,t,r,,1,'1. onlr_ x inrllonrPonnrn ol inlxnls ddchildrcn utd'r rhe rgc 01l 'otrre

from lh€;milr olrlrli!$ or oLhcr lnstct't in\titLrln s

S, l0i

5.2.2. FREQTTENCY OF CllILD.S pr,Aar:NTTNI AT INFANT IIOMDIt Nns sought b d.tcrninrc ho* na t lnre! . chikl hrs bcc. placcd in dic hfrnl ]$ore lL

should be Dolef thal drc.bsolutc trrqorit) olchillren b.ve lired nr infdnt homcs for nre fts1 lnne(911n) Only 19; olchiidrcn hxvc b..n pldcerl to rnlinl honrcs li)r thc sccond tnne a d orl! onerhrld l0.1ro) inr drc thtd lin. it sluLld be rlso nored lhrt rlthough thc frononlon ol childrenrho hr\e bccn flaccd to iir'r'n ho .s lor lhc seconl lrmc is not high. w. $.rc,lni nrLeresled nr

thc tiinc sltn riicrNhi.l $cy $se retumel lo riinth.mcs: oncchildwrs r.luiricd xlierl dtr]s,one child rlicr 12 d.!s, thrcc.hiL.lrc. $ere relumed rlier th. Frod ol12 and 76 d.ys, lRorhildren rlicr xl rst,l nroDths. on..|lld .lier 5 nonlhs. onc chrld ancr I nnnhs,r.lorerhlld rlterxlno( a ycar

5,2.-1. CIIILD'S AcU \tHU\ HE/SHE/IIAS BIEN PI,A'I:D AI INIi^N HOIIE FIRST II]!II]

Lvc. 169;.flnlanh lDd.hiklrer umler Lhe xge of r, lving Ln rDlanl hoDes, wer pl.(edtherc llr thc iirsl tinic u1i.n t|c! rere un,ler 6 Dronlhs. 10% $cr b.l$ccd 7 a{l 12 Donrhs olrge. I rl,;ofchildrcn N*.ll"ced ln inh.Lhonres turthclirsttimc whc.lh.\ sere belreen 1 trml2 lcfls olxgc xnd lrn o\.rlheageol2

<.2.1.I)r R \ I t(r\ or I I\ I\C t\ t\F\\t O\I !w. nlfttoul rhepe.iod oflilnrg Ln infxnr homcs

i hlulsunder6nronlhs:2LLofnrfinls!Dd.r6 urlhsha\eiircd r $hDtbo'ncsfor L.s rhi|

.19rr'i bcN..n I a.d I Nnnhs.

:1091 belEeen I rnd 6 months

;" Inlinls r rging n rlc fronr 61. l2 null$:7%ofdi.m hrlc lircd l.lnlanlhomes lnr less lhrn oDc moDth 8!,1'

23rf bcN..n I r.d 6 Nnnhs. 571,; bcNv.cn 6 and l: m.nth\

, ( hikhln rtrnsnrg rn rge lionr I kr 2 tcars:

]lli ol thcnr halc LLvcd h l.larl hoine\ lar less thrn one no.th ll%8r,.i bcrwccD j lDd 6 mont,\. 2s!_t beav.en a, lir rr nrintrrr!

r (rhiLdrcD n.gtrg r rse lronr I lo I yer6:

5.2.5, CIIILD'S \'ISI]INC BY PARtrN'IS

AND O'I]IER I{ILtrTII'I\'ES tN I\[AN f IIOMI]r5r';or iriinsud children ulrdcr I placcd in inlanthorres'rcnorrirtcl br_ anvbo(lv lzr'il

arcvisn.db!lhenpaEnrs,rchli!esorotherl.oflelessth'noDccNrnntrih ll%nrclrsncd'ncc

f",...r, ir; "rl*r*' -a.hildr.n under l.rc \isircd c\ery rreo $ecls 6% cvcrr$'ckxnd

Lcs lh.n hrllol molhc$ xnd onlv evcrv clcverlh tllher vhn lhelr nrfxnls ln adrlilion iL

should hc cNpbasiTcd th.l 'vcn

ril% of nrhnls lre !r\it'd by soncone (il wxs lound ouLrlicr lho

calculrrionolvsitors). Soncchil&c. xr.nolvisilcd d rll ltisobviousLhlt crre--olsome i'ther

and ful],.'s a rdh.r srmbolic.s son. ol (hcnr vLsit Llre 'hildren

nr accordm'c siLh dic nrsl 'tion

s. tl r lhcir tat.tx! righls \rould .ot bc resLri.tcd O iv 1i9i' ol inlifls wcrc urdd peFm'cnl

gu. i.nship and iil% under tcmNtur! !urftlldshipThus. the risitlng liequcncy ol nrt_atrts is lcry unp'rhnl (sec hgue 5 Lfl

The vhilinij liqrcnci. ;Ib.th mlrlBsxnd lithcrs rstL osl dre samc ofllcvcryel'\tndr'iothcr

,.. . L (dxl e\'ry tcrtli Lth') lisits $e driklEn oncn

\i. rn!ol nrldni\(l,erL\ntrs., , ,t "' ' \ i' r\'"'

'llris \!1' r gcncRri rnalysis Nor $. Nill

da.uss Rn.mxnr.on hli!. rclxlions

AlLr lhc c.flchliu. ol such \lrtu\ ol'

liarnLs rv. cxn se. t crLh.rr rnolhcr or x liilhcr

n..\nol \r.&xtleasl in5Sri,olrimilicsT1,rc. thtrdt .f cnrplorcd nrorl$ lisn rir

.hildft. whcrcas only'13',', olunein0Lo!.d o c\

E!er! thtrd crn|l{rled nxnber visils hcr

i tanl er.rt {eel or c!.n rDrc oll whetrs

hcl$de,'ludlmonths.

b.nY.cn I trnd I nonlhs.5lr'! betLveen 1 md 2

lll ollhcn |rvc livel r nrl]nr honcs for Lcs thai orq f!'nh.5i)n bel]ccn I xnd:]nionths,2oli bcrweer I nnd6nronths.10% bcl1vco6rnd l2 rnonths.l4l,; bct\lccD lrnd2vcar..19o-:i berEeen I ml I,ea$.

Thus. n could bc .otcd tbxt rhc malorny ol a,rrs oler rj Donlhs und .hildr.n '(ter lreaA hr\e Lvel r infdnt honics f.r l.ngc.lhr l ,nonrhs

\'isiti.g Frequcnci olChild|en (pcrcen(!g')

thc \hir ng licqd.ncl. ol onll. ev.I!.Lc!e.lh uncnrplolcd Nrlhcr is rhc ri rc{tet neurc -r l6)

!

jj

Corr€lrtio. or Socinl St,iu! orNtolh€rsBilh !isiting Fr.qncnry ol I'rrrnts (Dcrccnt.ge)

'lhc!oungcstnrolhc..alerttl.docsD.trtsirlrerrniintxta (xherlo0ngmolhcr:il,o\r!(lhcl, hliLnls scld.nr Nhc,crs rno(her bcnv.. t8r.d19lcarsot r{e vr$t rhcir.h ldrdn rnor

llchtion betseen Vi!iling rrequ€..1or lntlnts and Age orDlolhcrs (p€rcont.ec)

\ isiting l'rcqurncy ot lnlrnts (per{enltg€)

A urnbcrolnrolh.tsuilhse.oddr^\chooleduul.n rocorrctovLjtlheir'hiLdrcnevcr!w.ck or .!.n nxtrc ote s slightll hish.r: while hnl ol nuhe$ \i1h thc unlinislr'd scconLlarl

cLh.xLion do t.l trsit thci, .hildr.n rll

visilor! oflnf{nls (Dcrcenirg. in c,ch gronp)

.",

,i. I21=?

rll0 .'. c\.rv larh scck.r.ven rnorc oltcn (scc ll!ure 5.ll),\; r'nll nunrbcr ofni.thers ngnrg in lgc tr.nr l8 Lo L9 do no. \tr ttre ijrtunts a irhc

nrrbr, 's

smrllcr m thc group ol Lhe.ldcst trFL|ors) ln Klaitidx tlf.e louihs.fm.lh.rs \isl1|.1' lnlrfLs $hcrr\ onll onc thtrl olmothc^ r.\ldnru nr \llnius lr] rl\irs Gcc ngur.,r t!).

F.ver! lburth fath.r vi'its his i.iirt in ]rDera:ys \rhcr.xr s!.lr ]:Ittrers...ouDt to. onlv 2,r;

E\ery hrth triol|* vists her chiLd.n.c I *eek or nn,c ori.n ln Kl.rfar[ "hc,.rs

onLy 2,t]olNnheAdolhrt inAlytus(seelisure5 lSl

Fven 1wo thirds ol rnnheis fo not vl\n lhclr nrhnrs rr dtt n vilnius whcrcas td Ktrira,h.!.n 55!.l 01nr{xhcs IDt v,rils very rrtl)

5.3. IIEALTH S'IAI'US

5.:1.1. DE\'trL(lPNll]N lnt,QUOTlA T

Dcvcl.tmc.trl Qrolierl (DO) Ls dct.nnin.a nhrlc rsscssnrg L|c de\elopmcnl otjitxnls andchild.en und.j ,1ycr,s of.se. Il lhc dc!. .0nrerjnl !roljcit rs Lo\!cr lhr0 10, rl is c.rs dd.d lt,rlthe devclotrnc.r \ lc r!od.

ThcdNckr ne0L.lq otic.tlowcrrhanT0$trsd.lcrmiD.Jrlr2t,tolrnli.tsrDd.htntrcn.IerlllelrDlnocncnt iD nfa.l horncs. Thc dcv.Lo0.rcnltrl !uoLrcnt (n 4S!.lc ,iLd'cn rcconm.drtcd tnnInLhomcs rvas ]righc. rl'nn 70 llowc\.r ilsh!u dbenorcd rhatt|qd!\eLopmcnlrLquoltc.l,jr'

e\c.r' lhnh.hin tLaccd rn nrhnl honi.s [r\ rot nahclrcd|Icnal-q!ol.,idren\hos.dcvclotrcrtnlquo(ient$ashigh.rllrrn70w.rclccotrrf.Ltrjcrt

r vilnnrs iDfanl Io c\. Ther w.rc 56rn.l tuch.hil.lrcD n tjrncv!t\s inlin1 hom.s !nd r]9,;

AsnlNo\c,nbc.L.200.1,thcrci.rcll!i,ol.hrldrcniia illilnlhoDc\rvh.scd.\.loDrrenLxl!ufhcnrwx\|.tr$lhcn70Thu\,thcnqdr_v!lchrlfr.nln,irgninltrLhomcs.xnnothc(tcJjredxs bxck\rard Ho\crer rt shoull bc sr.$.1 Lr L Lbe dcvclotnr.nlil!uoLienl ot.\cry iritj rh Ld

h! ri rn nladl honr.s rxs not indicxlcd'lhcr. r'r.\cn 3l:; ol chrldr.n $hosc OQ is highcrthan r0 il Vihrnrs nirit honcs. 6,)9; ol'

childr.n nr l,anevetrs child car. h.mc rnl7')!)n inAllnF idr'anlhomc

5.1.2. PHYSTC,\L ST TTiSlhc tullosinqc.itcrir rere uscd f.rthc ass.ssnent ot ptrrsi(rt status:

z HrnnornnL\!ro*di,N|cnlhehcighlisr.rml,ic.crrespo.dst.dr.rr.s.ouportcFrar.sliom thc xlcrajtc h.iA|r Fnh r rcnnisnbic ldinj(HAN).

z lhjnnjnn( {u\th, shcn th. h.ighl is 'nrr.!

rl ud cicarr loes nor c.Nslnjd l|r rl,e rse

t l)lnrrnnonnrs (tlirJrr.Ionion.L0) sft^r1h (Nt t\)Aller lhc phccDr.nl ir i rlirnL homcs hrmonl.LLt !rrr1h $rs d.lcmld.ii ri,r .1')9n oj iDfrnrs

ard chillEn rnd.r thc ag. ol j, $hen rh. hcrNhi \as orou (lli\\). tu :lri!,i j.rmonidL\gi.(h when rb. hcighl was duEninl.nd clc ly.li.l nor.ones|url tLr t|.,g. gnrp (llAK). forl2!,; Lhshr murous gm$r r (\LIA)

,\sscssmeni of Physjcrt St!rtrs ofChitdr.nuton Pl!(mcnt arcardirg io lntnnt Innnos (pcrcc rrgc)

^.(i{]irj!t(lIh.l.setrr.hdxln'lhclr1]y5j.!lslin]J.lnlllcjnlirlls!P.nlhcjlNco|]me]aLn]|::, ;,;;,,, ", tll'".'l. ; l":ll.trD!rLUr.-",1 $ttr .htth $Ai rqio'L llr

n,rxn!\ xnd ll'ri,.l [1. lnianc l)irbrrn iLou\ gr!$tr dLd 'Nln'fdiil di lho gd r 'lr 'hildl

iii"1i:'".'. i,,'" ";.".;, ,,,,"" intxnls af(! ri'ri' or rcn.Lc i'Lr'nG urron rhc Prrc"icnr ir nnxrt

h.ine\

i.---"-nror'lh\!i.rl\rxr \trlnn lh t \r(nmrtr' lrrnrn \L('rJinErnPr'\iod'tlrc"'""-'"

",',"t,i,tn' hil'lr';'$"rotl'r"litrt untllurn\'rp "nrig\l

59

58

Ir rhc tcnN ol dN rscssnr r ol ph!\ic l slitus- inlir \rndchildpnu derfic!-{eolrycrrs rvho hnrc been phced in irrfi lro tcs lnn lheir prrc lr_ li' rily distnrSuish fin r o(hcrgdrtrsr ha.no iors ghvL i ryrs dclcnninsl even to 7.11:; olch llrcr olrhis grorf $hcn t rc hcighrw iomr l (llANi.lhcre $ns. smnllcr !'nberolsrch chilkcn in olherlnnrps:4]-"; nDonachikl.cn a(nnrg lrcnr ilcirrclarnes aanril!:.14',i, lixm Sunrdi nshit nrsrilrlidrs. 46!t lionrncotrrlologyncpnnmcDliolli.strrls.4l)(/! orli.rl)i\hxrmotrirtrrsgrrwrh{\llA)w$.LeLcniDc(it tlDgrercrp rl olchil(llen $ho *crc pl od in nrli'nt hDnr$ liom.rlu gua iinshiD inrtirurions(ll'ri,) lhan ir ollEr grou|b.

llrm. i(us grovrh {hcf L|e heighl wrs DoJ rtrLl (ll,\N) $as dcLc n rcd 10.|)o1 o inhDtsd lhildrn lndd $r ie. ol I yuB, tr|Dn lhcn tl c.mcnl in nrlifl hoDrcs As ol NoreDb.r I,

zo(l.l llrrc \vc( 6]L ol such cfiikhen i. nrl:rnt ho u. Ifu.c Ncrc ac$cr chiklrun rbr *lrcnr rhch.anonnnn growlh wN dctcrnlncd $h.r lhc hcighL was inrrgnrxl tr|on dicir'rcc.n rrdrthithin oD Novcrrb{L l. 100.1 lr{rli, m,l ll{i;. r.sn.cli\cl! 'thc Dusrb.r ol.llildrcn ilr *h. ldishr onn!'s gro$1fi sas dcrcflnincd (NllAl also decus.d: rh.N \vcrc l29i ofsd.h $ildrnL|,11lhc a.coDnodrlior trnd 1)'1, or Novornbcr 1.2004.

,{s ol \o\u'nb{r' l. 200ii n'orc \tcic68',; ol rnrlc.hikk n for whonr h.nnoDiousgrorvlh wis dclcmjncd rvhcn th. liei!ht $as

mrnrl (llA\)- :})'i, h.nnoniia growlh

s.hc rhc hcislr us ,argiorl (llAK!rndt)% dish!rr('ri{Nssr!{'1h (NHA) in lilanrhonEs. l[!re {urq i,-']n r'cn' ! thillpn$h.se !ro\tLl, $xs hrmnriou\ rvho rl'chcishl qrs noflndl {}lAN). Hl norl.usgb$rh a.sdcr.nnirBl roc\c'' rhnd li.Dl.child Nhcr rhe h.iglrt $as lirsinal(HiKlrnl drsh! rtronnrs Sronrh (NHA) lL' c!cry

h slruld hc .led rh.r rhe poNnionol bovs li,r wh.n unu'irJ r\ srrvl

' Ms

rlurcmi cl Nhlr rhu hrjShr rv s om l

'll^li BHAN ONll'\

"'iL.lllllll, "' ll ll' , , , ' ::::.,i.,',;l::,,,,i: ;;,.,1,:l;:'l'"'-1" 'l:;.:l:

:::11,';[:r ]:i.:::'l'liilli:'lill;'::1.:,"1",:':1,-i.;ll:];il;; iiiT , - .-, ,

- l;ii,"'.iJlil:,;'"il'.i.*.1l:lr;lt:::: l:llt:-l'l.ii,l,lil:';1,,,,,,,,,,,"',,,.,-'."'.r,'nr.1 r",r'h!.|rr"ah''murttr\ill]'lru.r':lrml.,i::'::;.';,;:"1",'."i ''"'J.(\rs,',. ."''-*' "'::"'.'l',ii;,;,",,.i,,.a'-r.....''1

t': :;liI lllll 'riTtli:l,il:ililJlll:lli*i'"l il::i: ""i "i' "' i" "' r*''t "'r'...:,,..;''..)' n'," :"' .)';l"".l,lJl .,"rn,. .,. \':,.':.. rirr,t.le. rtr *rrt"lrurr

t ;i::'i.1 ;li'::'l,' fi ::'1":, li"i'l"i"l' ll"' " ";.'i " ",'"' ""' " " "'''

. l'.1i:lll;i, -,,,, '.,,,,,'. ..",.". "

, " .",. .'L:lii:"::':j'll;':l:liil"'*''*"'

'''.,,.' '"' r"::: rr":- '': i:.1:,,;,1"",.J,.,r',HrJ, , ,J,r\ r''Jj'- s..e< Ntrsrl\ m Lh( {rg('l tlrdnrp Nnr{r eI';;jii',,,",]:ij:ll:l':t,r;.r'::'"'i,1ll

,,,;l.j;::j: ::.i:l:,1.]"1.1,.:

Til'l,l-rl.li,.'lill"'."'i'il'^ilifi^riff:;:':r:j'';l;lirll:'.'l"l:.'ili:ill....r.r,. 11 r'r'rd h 'r 'rv"c,r :,.1ii1.,,,,..i,.."...:.... -.'".ri",rr.,sorrnm'r-,ri"' ,'l:.':"'lll""ll'lll'l',i,li"l-.^liJ,.uo",-',.n,'o'"'"..LtrLtrx' r rhrt rggo\ tlh(i'JrilJ (Lrrr'c\r!ur!r

' "ii'., li:^, ",',.,,"' t"r..)i:.1 il:1,:::'il: ;,ll.i:;.l,ili'." ;::..:J ;;,,iii,{. .r, nk,h,,.r,.,,( c,,,+ ,

"""iil""lt.lilil,,l,'11,.:i ;;.; , 1i.,,, .,,, u ,.

:ll:.,:1.:.;:-;;:".'J;,,.", ;: J''i" ::;:; ;'' l:.."''"' : i''"-'''n' -"".'

^r.dsmtnt of Phtti"l sl'ltrr bt lo lnltnll{omcs

n{ or No\(Nber t.200r lp(rcenlx'l(r

20

As{*smcnr of Ph!si(,| Strr"s A.cordins t'}(i(nd€rr!oll Nov.xnber2ll(14(percsl{'te)

(llJ\Nl t\-rs S.c..lcr o. I \ovc(rbcr 20i).1 lhD trlon rhcn ccom rnhlnnr, 6s% rnd i,l%.r.sNeLnoly lhc * nc lcndcn.y wns ixlhrr (r.ng nrnong lc ixl. ch drcn:lhcre qcrc 57% olthcnr whosc !(Nlh Nr\ honnon iutr whcn lhc hcilnl $ \ nortr'il lll,\N)rsolNotumbcr l.100.1a n l:'i, of!trls upor rhcir rccanDo.hrnrr

ThcrcN!hdrhskNdrrl(sofNovclnrcrI,200.1lhcre$cr861,ich.lnii$ho(!tue1l)tra\ hrlno i(!L\ wh. lhc hci-{hr rv.r nofln0l (llAN) r P,trr\a2li uhild .n.c lunrc'. \vhereas

uA'n rhc accomDodalirnr rhcrc $crc 75% ol su.h ctildr.nr on Nolcnlbcr l- 2(xJ.l t?o;i, ol snch

.hildrcn {.re 15q1n rton di. dccommod0lnnr) ir Alyius irliu [ornq\,6]']il 1t81i LLton th.-...nnr.l..r,uo,,n\'l,r,u..',-nr ii,,,t\.S",.ii1 , O'nrn(,,... \',.,,rDS',nr, ,rJdlonr$. 5i% (42o;; upotr llt ,ccorldl.riotrl d KruftLs hr;rnr homc\ nnd 45q! (2:lo; qDn rlN

rc.ofln.rrhoi) li KhiFdr inlirnl ho res.

l)i\hrnroni.us.un)qth{Nlt\)$ s d.icrDrnred to nrc snlnll.r pcrccDhsc olrhildicn:l6r;in Sinuli iinli t lo'nc(18% uoo{ rlE accornnod tiorj ll'li, i. KhiFd, nriror fionr.r{l6u;upon rhc rc(onularlon). xrn tu Alylu lnilrl |omcs (i.11i rll(nr lhe (cconnroditior). ll)l li(lun{s n,lrnr ho

'es l8'ri, lpon rlr.,.conx itn,n). 4"n ,o !il,rils irlrnr |unros (1':i, notr nr.

ncco nnod rnnr),lo; ih l,i .vatvs n'hnl honr4 (loi t'prtn rlN lccom rxl.rion).

disonlui ol motu lnnclion. I:r'i or childtcn *cr ill Nnh rhronr. dirrsc\ nd hnd dNonle6 olnrolor tun.rion lh!r xsgrrutcd th.n dailt rclnnies. .1o,; of.hlklrcn Ncrc ,Iinbled t)rric l5, {ho', I l..a or. i l.i l-J r "r.

llcrlth Sr,rtrs upon ncommodrriotr l,r to (;e dcr (pcftonl,gc)

Slrte orh.tlth on rrriul to:'n nlnihrion' lt! 'sc

(p"cctrbse)

I

' rlll E rvl" \

.^c.o n,s lo rhe rG..rul dala. ut\t' rh. (c{ nn, rln{ nr.N {l(.hildro. rhrn lamalc

!Des w0rc atlrlb0r0d nr drc HenlLh Gorf ll (1r)rl; ind l6!:i,. rcsfc.ti!. )), wbcr.xs rr(trc icm. c

chrldRr N.r. llrihutcdm rhc (lrout V()Dly t\.o diul lnnB lrxd rhikhrn rvho{ 5hrc ol hcalll *,r.rliibural b lnc l" huhh

jlrou| iKruntrsrnJl'rnrvl2yrinnnlhor.lrc"t.cl,rel!.16'ri,!.(ll1;)liNnilinllDnslir(l.. hr' ' r..r!. 1,..r r' 'i'r... r lr i..l.r'.'.t ,L.l,r1nrhnr lr,n. ( 1:'ri). ir ALylus {|i1,;).ln K!unr\ tla;) x!(Lnr \ilni$11'ri').Thc sl^rc olh.rl(h.l8lr,;ol childN Ft.ced in Klain,:dir ntant honrc Nas aurihurcd ro lhc l'' !'!:,llh !t)up. 16o. lo thc:1 'henhl8(\,n Thc sllrc ollic llh.f,r?ri'o childe Trhcel rn Klutrs nrlxnl hon. Lrrs itrbll(lroth.:: l,enlrh!r\LD. l6']i, lolhc j lr{(llh{nnLf,| 101n lL' L|c.1" hc( lh Arorp lhcstx(.oihehho19",;ol clrildrc pl..!drnSi.trliiintinlhorr$srttrihtrrudlothc2"'lu,lrl!urD.5l'r'torlN l'' hsrllh SRn,n lar;; lo rh.+t lcrlrh g.out. Ilcslatcol l'Lrllh ol.l.r'r; or chilJtcn tl,rrdiD\ilr)rsnrlrn(hotr.wrixluibntdblhcl'hcil1|gfttrrt..llt1t,lhcI hQllh stnrf. zr'l'; lodi..r' he Llh guLt. lhe slJlc rrlh.rlLl, ol t.li,;.1 .I Ld.cn I rec(l rn Pxn*ails nrhnt h.nr. $nsa ribu(n ro rhc z'' I'r lrh -gdr0,:12'!i,

(o rhc l"'hcrlrl! grcup. ann I lo:o ro rhc q'r h. llh,trollp l ltstxlc ol herlrh o1 .!s";, o{ childrcn flr.cd r.\l)tN iniinl hodr. $rs r1lrib!r.(l r(, llt 2 i h.rllhgnu|.41)!1lo lhc.l herlLh grolli xdl la',i, h di..1'herhh grnLl

r ri'-n ' J" *'r rr a

'i'*r' t E'jrdrr M(';turr rv

, ,,h , , ,r,::: ;,.,,,"":.ll;,:;,.,1, ; ,,. .. i.;1,,,{,n,",,':.'q''.,,'"!',,r,.l:::l"l:::lll;.'L,illi:'.:li,:i";,,".i.,.,,,"",,,..,','

i'i' ';, ".'J':'l;ll;, ' I,';.' '.ii; i;l'lll:1.i,, ;li;lL,lth trour' [ . r' tl'' l l('LlLh!L{rf r'' uI'!tu '

ll;:;l;l;l:l',;.;;''.;'.'.'.J,,'i,',,,rh,'(r hd'Ixr',i'|'"':,ll;,lllli';liillrll;.llllll.,.i.,.,... J,,.,;-..,.,_ ,.,,,,,

1;,., 1...| ; ,,r.\,... ,,.ir,..t,tit ,t.. 'tr,,lu,.

LL lrLr.d t' il'q I i I crLllr ! rp

lhc rhndn d lhc lonh ntilrh sNtrt)

s,.l,.r.r,l \(;\o\l sL r, Lh. r!L{n ,tr! r tr I rtr i' t r Lidl(\ d rrrir

,,,,r.' ill-:l'' l.;"; ""," c'r^ro'*$'h 'rm"r!' ""'r .!r"r'i'!" N" r^ ' r' r'tir"

,.., *",.,, .,,,J.!,r".r,:.,i. *,l::.,:1,,,:,,,,, r a.,) 1,rl u li\iii! I rrln'l

.,,...,,,1,".,,,,,";;,..,,,.,:..,.,, ....d.,.,.,r '* J. .- 'a'|r' 1 'a'il,.i,,i *" i"",.*,*"',' ,t,:;ll";::lli::',.- ,,. , ',.""I ..,r rltr r(!r rnrd L!' noic Ih I rll d rr'L

". ' :,r;1,,, .:. ; .,,r ,,,.- ;.i;,, l.:'".':.:.;.,...1, "

,,'rano\.,r n' (\,^ I'nh (r"rJ. dKru"m N r'"::,::llil;;;i,;,, ,.'"," \cF.,,,x!-n,'\f,r

ro;. d,h,hhcn.. rdnr''l .trt h. r oi lanuxu norrn

, ,l ,.r:.,.. .;..,.,. " .,., . ..' r' r'rr.r-

< r q r rr t.\Pl rr,, tr\ rq , , t l,. n$ tlf :F(lr

n'\thul'rrtr JI rhcirrl s i' rlrfl'rd lU lh" ul 'l, l'-1.'"; .r " .., ,ii" ll;tli ..", "il"';' ,;..,' ;(,hu,r\ rr \n,,u, r(r'r,'\ "'f l*"'',',","1,,,r,,,,."

"nu,^,*,,. ro,b, rtr q h

n1,,,r ,r,c,.,rn. ,Lrr ,tr1r,,d. . ,r$,xI\ "t.| ':,, (l:il';:..'iil,,;

. r., ." u.,.,.u r,.",,..,..' !r'r'r{l{!'lr'rlr':'

rl " ;. : r;...,...,\.'.--:ri..\.,,.ii '' ,.t'i '' ,:'",.,,.,,...;i;,: , . ., ... . ,r.r.... .., - r

r d'.,! r\(d r. li - I'l rhrlJrer' q"l'tr '\r-t\ 'r

llarl$ Slslui trpon Accom.iodalio brlo (;cndc, (prrccnrngc)

r,nrr,rlr'i-,r,rrnc,-prr E{io,[ rV l.({D lv

.\ccordnrs k, ll. re$a.Lh d tr. u|o. rc rccomnrodatn{r nrok'flml. clildr.n th!orc\ {crr xllribtr1cd ro llclllh cruuo ll (,r9,; nnf.16-r;,..rfccrnclt). sherexs trc

.hlllron N.r drrribuL.d nr (irotr', \l

l

I

6a

5.4. SOCIAt,, UCO\ON C ANDFI\ANCIAI, INDIC,TTORS O1.' INFAN't HOMIiS

5.:1.1.\tiNlUUR OF CHTLDRltNAs.l\!]en$c. . t0r)4 lhcr. u,.re {,50 tolLer chikhen 5 iirlinr drcdrcal .Nre stat.

nFrntrLnlr\ [onrc\ for nhis rlh dc\ctormcir (ir!nnd\ (jn th. c]rics .l.Vrlftus Ki, ir.Khpad!.Siatrh ardrhenNnolAlytus)rndnprne\ctv:A.Bxnd4Intxnlnmla[,lrt]n(.r,,lnnnr: 165 oldrem w*c rnlirns ir chLldrcl0ndc, :l

rhcm.!o.irvolihcrn(c!cn2(Jtchitil mc fnn lhc d.n hcDrs ol..c.nrloio!!,n,th.xhtl''...trr v.. i.,.L rrl

'I ' ,'d.' ,\r...r,n5,li ' I ',rr "rt , t... .t1 ,,,.,... fr-r, ,t, .,... t1,.

Disnir riono.irtiintsandrhirdr. ({sed 0l) {ccordins,,, u," 0,",,",," 0,,,"" "r.l:["";1".2001 200:t

Accordils 1o thc,bolc drtr. rhc Jn!tn ptr.c\,jrr.sid.d(e ot.hIircr b.litre rhcij..h..nrii L',( t1 ,,.,t J.. ,,g.Thc adrLy!s ol rnsN lirr.hr.l,.r, di thir rgc sro!r tex\me tnrlnr honres sho$s rhxr rrr

,- 'i n,, 1., n,, ,.,"-t r.!1\'adopled,22 27',,;ol.Il drcDlvcreptrc.ij ntcrguratj!ishif ft.tiD tes

Thc Ixblebcldr oroyid.\ de(nitcJ (tnri

Tlr. m!i. hndnr! sou(c olrrlinLl,oncs Ls lhe shtc bldgel !hcbudg'lxry lnrds accornr

ftr bctrre.n 95-qi,.nd 98% olr,ll tnnds ollhc insln!(ntr\ ludstllocxterl turLhc trrple rcntrtntr

olsfccrtrl frgraNncs. sLch ns \!i[q ski.Fi i\ueci xlnrn olChil'lren) B[k svcikai (Be

li.xlihvl. Ar*rsol s!!. ndrnugri (ltule.t Yourell'nd \'our l'lcnds) rlso niake up r ccrlxnl

0'oto(ron (.luit.a ira .nc) ol1|. tundrn!

ln rdditi.n, nirL homes r...ivc Pxn .f fundnrg cs

[unding ol i'rstitutions. 2002 200r (UfLtho s.)

rtforl {.hxrily) both lionr datr rlxnd legal pe$o.s tion) rbnxnd Lrthuani. H.se!er, it is no{

I slablc sourcc of iiDdingi the

dmount of lnnds tccerled dftiAelery ycrr (rr 2002 il tfdc uP

TTI llr thou. r 2001 I IL- 16(

nro!. in 200:1 LI l.:124 rh.ul

5..1.1. rrXPENDl l URE OrINSTI'I'T]TIONS

'1tu nMjor prfi.l exNDdL

l..i'^.^

:!. L :{1ffio 0rrr,

l

.o'"Li,u'*-",,;lT+',,'-*lLtrc..nsistso c\NndiLur. f.! w.ges Md srhries (in ftlividuaL nr lt'n r homcs tlre 3rc iiofl 88"'"

(vildlus) o 60% (Pxne\!t!() Another milor gr\L0s olexp"dLturt b erFrdilur' hr nul'rr'n'

]vhich oi the cnlc trceouirl tur 8% ofrll expcndnur.i hoNc\cr rbls cxt'nfilur' in drllercnl

!.rs r.d ii irdirl&r.l c!€ |onlc\ llL.r,Lat. liom'1,61'; to Ll6!1, E\pe dllu' lnr 0hi'nrcrticxlsr...uncf 1!nrraborl1.54,olL1r.Iotul exl.iditLrre: rllhough. indiflcrcnLl tuDts h!D's it

ntr.tnt.s tionr (r..1!,i 10 L L9,i, Stchn rnclenness nc.u$ drr' rlr rhc liftircnce nr lhc use olthc

nrppo fNrls: i somc hofr.s thc linds ol ppo (.harryl tre uscd lor 'uttition

or lor rcquisi

tirn ol Obanrceuticats orol 'ncdicxl lrehabLltuLion) cq Ll]nre r' lvhrle

'lhc$ lhcv ar tsed lL)

t

uain clpe.ditu.c it' Pc.ctnlr

ShulFi P,N\ir)'5 K trioiLrr

e{t..drluru of inhnl! homc in 2002 1004

d.vclofnre t h gLve. i. nrc hblerb.LLnr'

showin8rel..ddNelopnre.L (% ol thc totxl

m.jorcxPenriLuOM.rc lxtlicil

h.nres olchildren showins rctaded

Crlculaling expenditur. ot ininnr homcs, th. tullorin{ exoendtrur€ \,as n.r lrkmErpcndirurL ol inrant lron.s by tlc itcms oftxpcndiiur' inznt[ (tho ntn I7L)

I rt]ll I t!+ !rr+ lilr

busincxs lrip cxl1cndrruc,qurlin.aron rmpro!emenr crpcnditurc,const'Lcrionextc d(trrejIonB tchr.ssesd.quisnionc\pcndrtuc,long tenn asscts r..1add rcpalrs c\pcnditurc

lIh exDenditurc, nr ourofn']o.. ue r.rdncctty rctrlcd lo thc numberot.inn.tes a d dronrnclLNn vould dhtort Lhe actual cronomic vicw

Bcsides. calcula(ing lnc nunber of i nltes i. dinercnr y.a(, ttre fo|owing fonnuh was

V-Vm rVr vi. wh€rc

V ls a numbcrolchlldren flaccd n rnfanthoDssVn ls rhc numberoJ chitdrcD rlLtre begnmins ofthrycr..Vr is lhe numbf.l rniling chitdr.n.Vl h re Dunfi.r oldeDfftinq chrtdrcn r*vea.

r:xOcnditurcorintunt hohcs bl thc i(eusnl.\pendittrt it 2ttt)1, (thoesnnd LTL)

Exp$dilure of inflnt honrcs bt the ittms ol c\penditurc in 200{ (lrntra8 Ocioher,

t|tuusrl I Tl)

r1

!i,'q T i,, ij -5Er-h- t l xo

I;t*t.-l | '{ll'

6., l

cL.rh-",JrM

' 'r3{ L 2:r{ltl't

llLo

r.r*

67

F.ic| ye.r ol thc tcro.l h qudsrio, n utcnxn.c cosis olnrliLnts rnd childu urtcr I |rv.bc.t o.lhe.verigcgrownrg br- l.rl rre(enL Ir 2002. inrlDt.nance olone i.Mtcamornicdl(r l1)

l00l.iL.s. rn 2001 b l9 500 I ir.\. !nd nr 200i1(dtr cst rn!1.) iL wittrmount nr 20 000 t.nrsThe rhh ol lhc audlt Naomel by rhc NiiioDaL Aldn Olice r 2004 rcvcal thal in 200]

l:rL ll., wcft stcnd f.r $. iranrLenrrce ol.nc i'mrlc rl slde (counry) i.stLtur ons, and t.TL l:rhotrsrn{l.t muni.itrl nrnil lions (ntt rlrvu r!koild..ll Thcrelbrc. Lt.outd h. shled rhnl (he

cosls oln ntctrancc,)fun lnmrle ol xn irtlDt h.'n. i\ 40 perccnl hL!hcrthaD ihatotjr iNnrlcol'

Snnrhr tuds ar. sc.r olhercountri.sollitrop. Forer.nrDle: trccordiDgtot|elalrolrhercserrch.fPFl lrmsr.cariel orl r2001 th...slsotllstrbl.dchnrlrcDiDstalctsritulionswcre 2r!o hrghc. ln dllerent countrcs thcsc..sls arc dlllirenr: r Austfia 59,tn higher. nl

ID Lrst.nh rh.sc losls xccornr tur trlrR I I fi!rshLt.nd EUR.1:t thousr il |i)r ai\rhted

I. Lat!ii. th..r)sr' olDainrenrncc ofan inti.r ir I stde rslrrrnrnam.rnlhFLJR3i.1lhousa.d $liil. n, lcr.rce ol x drMblcd .hld xoounts 10 EUR40 I tli.lsi.d {Drphneltugrxflnc \.ar 21101, Project Nor :00:rljli,(r "N,lnppilg thc numb.i ann .hrraclerlnics otchildr.n rndc' I n i'sritrhonJ rcmss [uolf at]s( or'hrnn ).

r,' {orxLI'cni*lsrccountturlllrRI7nrousandaodllllR+:lthosand(Lrdisabiedrh i(lrrnr I'L I xr! . (hc r.ns ol nranrlcmnc' o' tr nrfanr rl a Public inslLxtlon amounl to

rlirrr i, l ,1"^^.,,r. t'rtr.."l.tc aNc.la disabled child amounls to l'lljR 40 l drous'nd'

Nj,tr. crdicir tl: n m thc .osts ol care in nrc rnldrl homds in 2002 200'l are ailen i' the

l'cLowl,'lnc rrrd,tiugrrtr, As we s.e, drc cosrs pcrotre inn'te largclv diffeL ln 2002 lheloqcst

;;;;' ":'. .""' - i;."".4' (r'1,8 rh.usard r.itat. drc hrgrrcsr cons were sccn in Kraipida

(l I l.,'1, rhotrsrr{) ln 2001, Lhc Lo*est "sls scrc seen in Pan'v'ivs (lill- 14 1 lhousand)' d

rr j'rl .r. v...r'r,K,rL'' ll - h'u d''"4td 'h lo!,,',.,i;.,..,,.'r,.,'-' ' ttt 14q.0ou .".J /'Ll lLtr J ". *cR' "';'l'iDcd

E\pdditure pcr t i.mrle P.rlcrath Rdnd Litds d nntstn.l Etns)

Annual costs ofchild rn.c nt stxtein.r urintr. itr rh! tuhi( \rdrr,, 20nr (rhnu.rn,l I 'ov Analtsing rhe annul s o\ath ol costs for i'mrte Dini'nan'c in inlint horncs we scc thal

' j',r "

,. L., " t1.,.,'', , I n r'' rnh' "' r "l'JrJ;,tr,,l,L''',.r'u\r''}Jrr('"r

Prb t Lriiuotrs rdi{brnr .r,irrLu l

,\nnual rosts ol hkn'gc,r. rl slatr instihrtions in thc B!ltjc Slatcs.2003 (ihousa.d Euasl

Annull growth or .\pendit'rr€ per I inmnte in 2002 2004

b&(ntu*)

5-'1,4.PERSONNEL WORKING MtH CIIiLDREN'lhe e.lo.ationlcvcl ofdrc lE6onncl working Nirh chillrcn conplics with ihe quali6cation

rcqunen,cnts (in s.nE crss, € g ;hi LdEn\ nuss (5) and nrnnics r t) halo hisler eduadD thar

{,r..a{, tL'e rub ,@uir.n,cnrs)\'dv.,.r'o,t.p(. 1.' 1ltd.'J l'. lr|r'Sr1 ",J'r 'ul ' J'flr '1ur'hare spc.i3l hrsh cducallon

Di\r'ibufion ur p.Bunnet rc(o'ding fu Lduc,riun ter.t5.5. SUllvllY ()| l'iXl'llll l S

ll,c li'll(Nv,df utr,floycos t{).k Fd h lhe sunev: inllnt hodc cnplovces (six phvsicians

rlur s".lrt worL.s. rw,tirtcLoN), lo; cmplotccs oflhc lgcndcs for llre pDEctio' oflhc righl!

.rlrtru art,t *,,r l$t cdrdovc.s ol.on gorennenlal organisiLions TLc survcv was hcld in

OcL,,Lrd Novo'Ll)d ?lrl)4

llcrsons tirrNhi.h thild guardianship should be 'rt'hlhhedt111 nlthrlr

^ rtm hnl rcdsont [.t ||hi.h

'hild s al'lnnshi shaud be enahliht'l orc

rctuk\l b !)u'k d Illa itict.l.ttil.t n Thc n""her ', r'dL orphans i' those whnsc Pd t\

,t,t rlu,,t, i,t t atl( ta* ) n,t1or ptlt .t LhiLlrcn lot h' E trLlidnshiP i\ ddltl\hed 'onc

ltuh

,t;rp,ti, dt /r-it^ in *iith d Lhitd n nestctxid ^

not bltts btr Eht tP ho nanat li'ihq

rlliitbn\ utu nailnainc.l!)t a thiLl''\ithouL tlotrbl,lh;se lreta'nili.s in Nhich parcnls do nol Itk€ c{re of { child! ncglect

him/hrr, they do not lrkc crr. orchild\ henlth rnd tclri'c'i (,\n cmplovec of tle aeentv ror

th.trote.lior ofthc rights of th€ child)

ln mosLcrscs, hc;spondcnrs spokc oI tunilics nr $1li'h p renls abuscalcoholand drug's'

Thc nmst codnion respond ured to soun( as lbllows:

"A nai or Paft ;r cnildro' .onc t. grlrdirnsliD institutions lrom the familics in thich

',r'"tr( rburt Nl(uhol, dru!\ 3 dlirtrcrrrml'\" r1\o(irlsork'r)\"a|'t'L)ult';n' ' ar'i t L' th ' r1t 'rtr'1 httt't'"a'i"t'

,/', -,-" *'"" *.' ;".,.*d u! th. nin ftas'n fot whn h t tLtro 't' Pluni't j l]tututidnshir

ll.$ctct: su& Palr tstho tlo nnl hat' n\ skitls ol ldrdtho"! at \l s ale'idl lilL

fi. han 'o nku

'1 k1||: tth' M' not uhtrt to at wse N|n''n o1 ol\'td"'t\ lot thedctvs mt

tttdr t:hildftn alv ttnt Urtult &Lh PtrcnB eithct rnneltu gtu'liu ship knihtl io]\ at /'ont.tr,tnr,nr,tL.. ,J,|,htd t.L\a rqr'' b n

" , , 1. , ^r', ! ",t rf tL r^tt1\' IJ'r'j r'' na'li la

Cases t'J,vonc" s;vin| :t.,t to chi |?t ollillct? t nal r't? trle lieqkn ):'E i'hcd

"ni""", "n. a-,*, t*,i.r, .r. usuat! tdletl snglL hoth(^ th' d dlso bt'

'kentbneJ'fh6 usuolb hnw no,tLhonantth d olLl fathq:4 those

':hit'\tun ar( dill'ftn1 Thc! lite||i|h

,'i.t,t*r,. s-l' ".** *"-tctv.s \utfd.ltun ttot.n& olth'n d'hahittDl'\ hohnr: to sq of

th.i, .hiLlr.a... Su.h r'.Mcn $rdltr do .tosklol help " (1hNCO e qlorec)

I'owtr *as dfl rnttuded 6 o tldson lat rhih{s rclukn d Plur'nenl in gMnlirt ship

''Mdy $oncn giving birth to t chiltl do not hrro means ufsubsistencq thc! nrt nol

rupporlcd iItheir reiatites, th(v do rot hlveiob rnd pl'te 'orliving

Soch rvonen utulllv

tp"rt. y."i,t r"t'r-*.f rt"mc tormothc8 d chililr'n hut lhen thty haveto st&tliving

d thrir o{n. So hrn) of them .ohider possilrilitv oflcrving I child 't child gulrdi'nshiP

I'onr€, !s rl'ere a cl'ildwould be Dropcrlv supNrted Such eoocn htre no hop€ ofsctting 'job a;ltetfirvc ! balty, !s brbi6 lrcn€qucndvil md 'o

€DrPlotersants1ohirc ! hothcr

,rith a barrl.llousilg ii aho aProblcn for such rvoncn !!no onc srnts to l''rc I tcnlnl Nith

(mxll .hildr€n..." t AD NGO cmDlovcc).''Thde is o nnlb., aJJo tiliet in.ut to rrhft h otenktuhlcLllat uti'tics un'l ltt! ilrPo't

ttu1c Lpotttnc,tt Mtti rtoPle ure MenPt.wd dnlt uru ictulu arLl u&'d ('h NGO cnPltrer)

AlnaNl all resp.ndcnts nidlcatcd morc ihan onc rcason

5.4.5. FACTT,I'I'IES OF I NIAN'I HOMESlnlintlonBarccsldbtistrcdinbnildingssuiiablcla.thjsNrpose Horvevcr,lrrese tru|dirss

wcrc built in diilirent pciiods of lime 1.he b ildtdgs of KauoN Chitd DevctoDm€nt Clidr:s''Lopsclis wasbuihi. 19i2, VihnN and Siautiri idiDr hohes rvcrc builL in 1,166. lancvarvr4lernrntr.rirnJ,rtnt-r'dnar,.,!r rt Hon.s!rLrtr '., I,r,- \rrrpe,t r,rr n,,e r,.1972 and lytus lDfant Homc in t9t,) plnial rcconstru.liotr, nmning rep.irs, conslsrcrionofcxl€nsions md rcconstruclion oIIeariis econ.n,ies wcrc cnnied our nr son,c infaDt lonesbc(wcen 1994 and 2u04. Ovcrall, heads ol miant honcs asscssed thc con{iition oflicitiries assatisli'ctory rhchcad.fSiruLail rinlllon,casscsscdiraspoorandontyhcndsofl(t.rpadatnl.ln(Hohcass€sscd n rs good. The mlroriqr offieads rnch[oned rhc i.ouo{,inc dms.blc]rs nmssa,vrnor'crunih.uvnqinr.,vrc,.rn', .r.,(,or,rtu,.rr.rt,dt\c,,.,,.",.a...,At.".,.iinshllarons (radiaroN), insra artor oflroor heari,rs in mfan$,plal,roo;s and prepalalion;slorsoomsAlnrgetolllarea.liriirnlhon,cswasmcnrronedasrdisa.lv,nhse,tuslofrhcnrhxvewide and long corido$, sla.iotrs tobbiG bnt lack sroreroo,ns very much. Thh cin be i|uslnredby tlic followinglablc pro!idnr! drlaaLrourttrc lolrland iiviru arcas assiqrc.l lo each nnmLe.

Area nssignod to erch innrtc

1l

70

''Rlituns Jbt *hr, t:hiLltan,a rt.\.d nt skrrlnlhlhir h.bt.\ t'..hjIri!h|. I A.ttd cwhsot thot thq! @ .o'hplz'- Mostl!, .hil.lrcn ol .lttrndbnal lo',tli6 an l alcohtl-tb snts !tuutsart plac&l k hot But . tt\ct ||lt.a ptrcnlt nk n,t hl( h sir! tbdkl( ,L( to thair Lhiulf;h, d\the! ar. nnqplowl, dlso txi\l. Son! Frc h uft i,qt

^.ne.l, a .l tun. a/. i (,1h enpl!!...1

Asi.ssndl ot sldtc clild !u{rdidship irslitdllonsA$6sins sralc clild guardiinship nBrilslions- nll r6no dcntssaid lh lifc nr sucfi a homc

was mostly far orl lhc lilc in a lanrily Thk is tu ol nll conditioDed by trbignm)be.ofc[i]d.entlaccd in this Lypc homc nnd a low numbcr ol cmtloy.es taking carc ol ctildrcn, which rcstrlls

fmn poor n'Encial sinDrion'''uft. er.rr thitd wLlsn,r in aJdnilt... B{t ttu nurt,r, o/.:hili'?n fith. pdtuhtul

carc is ve'! hie dnl the! wouu hdv( a placelat lirrts tfpubli. y,,aklnxn\hip nstih iar! tuera

.ldeJ Nd'n J. uxatioa !'J lier( tonditu,$ snnil.r to I'a\t h a Fu,ilv is ho'dlr pa$ihlcPubtir:s atdidhshi) haotus rta.e t h ish aunb., .J t:h il4t"r... Rrcntb. .flons h!ft ha DpLtc

to relnn puhlic t!"u,dtu,:hit) ho ttt trul b tht. srhlnlgl tutlltq t) e a plalee ttl.\ c.,?4a biE nunb.r ol childtt". t:&h INhv slrttll be tunnzd,.utLlled. u.l{!.tu|,.k, b ni:hanlrr)tsibtc whuo"?rtxron tdk(Ltare./ tt) Ja.hiure,i (,1na plo|.c.la asutr/ lheptutecton aJ thz tiihtso.fth. Lhtu).

Asscssment of infint homeNo rcspondcn[ sakl ltrt undcr lhe lrlscnt sih! ion infu.t homc is not nccc$xry in

L runia. It is norcd that clrildren, place{ in i rr honrc, snllar form hqltl problenF sol'nion ofwhich isdillicnll cvcn for "rtrrnral llmilies,{hilcchil{lrcn tndccd in inlirnthono$usuallyoomclion Rr.i l risk rlmilies i'r which purcnrs do nor tak. !!.c ol thcn childls\ nb{s ll.ol$l rd

drugs, havc nm.inl a socinl problc'ns.

Rc$pondenrs licquenlly spoke olhodr* lho eith.r lril lo rdkc.do oftl'clr ohil.lNr orjLNl

l@vc tl'circlildrcn nr hosni!rl.''I think nd d.d^il.rdblr tlutt of nol,r6 ol ittants ltuns nt atrat hon.t hove n@trl

Wi)L,E, Usud l,non tutdkedaN.tdrsdl)ilitrdr.diusnos.dtoth."thtl\')xhalud.dlil,nsrc.:idl.duui.,'s.to.l: lh.rtuuldb!rillntsrokft.itrcoJth.n cri ,tnb ltrtktu,tdlhto.to that. the.lat.\atu t,.totE thl.c.th.n bab!..Ivouklet thdt tharrv otrnotahlek)tdlr. nfr t'f lEnylr.t, akl ther thqfth es .xd.d1! " tl satidlnn*o ofnJn th.]ht)

''atJlq. inJnhk *ho ett h ou )Db,tho,t( dtt tul in hdpitall\ ther'Dotlut! Usrulr'tt&u nothcr ditot'pr4n t atul un.ntpts atu n,ad. h) trce h.t: 1i e pdss$ ly on l o child k.tps so$itsi,h$pitdl. ('1fursicid, olnlaht hr r).

'':;palks thbtt nothc,s of otn th]rl'?", ) e. of.hiLbzn lienv h ntlidt lz,,c, ututll), lt4'@t tinsle, lk.du.dted, x . plqrd, houelcss ronen. (,1 x\ idl rnt+d)

''Childreh d't pta.al i' oul ilitnt holn. uvtu!.lbn hottlitdts $harc th.t ,t t.l hv theitn.therc. Wonen ledw lhcit chitdftt n' h^rtitol Dx,llN lwdts. ltr do not hal Lh inii,N! ofnothefiood oaa par.tr'

^ onry a oer for a !,ese Stu:h nothc^ ^ua ! then wtvas .ht ltun

guadiahitir) n'stihttioh\ d d d. ".t

huvc a nnxl4 a/ d Jhn ily (,1vn:nlw&a).''Normal lirmilicafro,nwhichchildRngctint,infamhoncb@nseolillnclsdrdevd.tm*t

disordcb wfc rho Dcntioncd Acco ins lo rcsponde.ls, soncli,lcs lrxrer$arcrol ablcto rurse

$rch childrcn ar ho$e bft so reDarcnls do nol want tu lrlr. carc ol a dlsdlrlcd cnift "'',4w!snnllFn!oJcttitdrcht,ttat,bklbnthon!codtf,rn's@dandtu"anfu,l)tirs

Sot etitu\ a stak ol hcolh al d Lh)ttl ,?qrtn\ \pc.idl ink s i c ur\inx,\,hi.h i\ aot.lf dhl.

',,i,:,':l ::,,,.""::; ;,::,*: ;:::^. ! ; :,;:,j;'l:' ri:1; y:1; :,lil:Li "jll :l:,, t ,DJ D ll t tttt uuthtt 1'r, { /n " rillrc "f/

r r',;:';',i;;

' ,.' t , tu tt^\r "'':::::;:,,1.,, ,,""",',r,:1,.. nt, ... a,:-so ,nns ,tutJ^a d, d.nJ u.out ttrn,h"'

t'tt"r*,.,^ , ,_" ,_, ",,

*,",,-,A1'1 -r'LlJ!4'1 n x,.vn\tkrn lrot hdn t J l)'t tlLt nt' o\hu tt't t

i',lii1,'*, ", uuo* n."" *n' n*" o':u'*tlf lll'llTll1; iT;-:'i:i51":ll;i

.,. lii:i;::l'l;1.::l:)',i'ij'l i.i'"'il"'.'i , '",'., '"ltr:l:l''"::t::*:[,1;il"lJ:;i:,il :;r;il,:i;;,: l#;l; *5 i;.1; ;;;;"1; :,":.:L::,:;jil;l;i.t" -'"'

''" 'c in inl.u'l hutr( wcn orrv'

,,rN rhdldNF rr Fs 0p ,.,1

.,1i; ,, (.. b )r')+u rs' \rIre{ Ldillir ( chrb r

ffit""llllll.illiiI;;ililii.;, ;,"i.,,,"","".''a'"" ".",* ll]':'tt.tTT:1,[:i]i;i:Ii r. (ir'4ri,l' \runusr r -

"r,., r,_"o^,"., rr"r i,,, "u 1'*""t.

ll : $(,ludlrun |lowtvcr' I umbd ofetr lovd(olI,,i-'."' "niiu..

*" ruo -"''lc ihc {rlls orinfitrl honc:

:;.:,:,:::: i:ii';:::ii;t'::;:';ir'.1",,.,^,i",- - ^'i *\' o'|Lt l)bv nE h'

tuthl (t ],hfltno an'ls'titl rrrkrt '[infant ho a

.\ss({nmr ol mn_sor.nmcnt"' oo'n't"ttlo .., ,n,.,,.., ,,. ,t.c Njn,-,r rs n,{.n rt'r'

^s!\.i'rr rl's,t '\rrr(\ 'n n' !uo\c'r NnLrL n4

,,, ,.,,., "il';";r:. "; ., ,; "" . j 'i'- , I'l - it :iJl;[ .l'I;:j,,i: i:,:'"'i:",i.-,-"n uothcr rn,l ctrrl.lrutr clru hdnt chrrdr$ nav

',:Jil"i.,iil: ';,;::,'. '" '.'. " 'r" d J r'\- ' inrr"' ah" n irr'r' '' hrqd^' Nv

rv Lo sLmsl.Lc i lrnliLY \c trl9"' ' 'i'i. *.', .i -.u''"

"^ "r rra\( roms s\ ars onnhJvi!,,,",.

,..,,.. .,."". ," ,,,., ,. .

h i' \''I'i t'"' t -"'' " "" "'''".''' "t:,;::,;.'i;i.:i, - i; *.,", * " *'.u.., \,"1t^ 4t'"\'i'h' r'h "'"

1."'..''" 'i!'.,1,',,,,'.,."),:;,:,i,,.";" ,r;:^. irn, "., *".t,!h"n't\,t n,tntE"i:'",:.','':'::..'::,:.::.:,;,;;,;..;,

",^, 1,,4,!\.- tn'

t'tt1\ t t:t.at.] rrot'"t"'" - " -:.,:trr., ! n' th' l' t! h- l tt" t Phn -l !,'t,o'

.. ((nncs,cs|.ndd . td' drt $r uobuc'."o, n*u'". "**""cnr

irl (l'rldru tllverfc

,,.:J::;i :" '".;: ., hc\ (1"'rrr) hj' "'c' JndlrL ^n'("! Ji'rr'" i'\r'

"""':;l''ll:,.,,n.,,,,.0,",,..-,:.:.,i':,;,i..:Ti"i;:',';:::;,'::),:.i:',,,';i,,'l:.::. ,,.t.ri.,n \rh !ri. tu1 lt. ia'r ,',r. "' ,.,,t, ".t,,,

tt.. t:h, . tt..t4\ r,aa.,.nnn ,.r ^'ftrE

r! hnrrd, i'l'h'',^ ^: ::;i;:":..'::.".:;;;:t",i,i,i,-)", i,,,*, ,,,,.,"*,,^, "ir, n, rot"' u', uI"x''-'' ttttntttt ot t dft'rn\

,Lr;a.\Lttl"J-\'h1r'uu'ith'1'n"'uo.',", ,,.),ht.Jt,n!\t,r.rar, "tatr'r-r,tk'\,\ thutntrtAtn''\f lnl J !'nk undl

,,,,,,,;;'::^,:;",.:,:.';.:.:;Jl"u^td.f it,tha,.hdt't 'ri't:;,:,::::;.'i,i,:;:;:,!:;:,:::::';:,''htJtdtlA.nn"

i ^!1'n\ttrtI'd rlth'1' ah

lt nPs tttbsnd nl4lt thrt ')''ah JMfttf'tutat'itr 'n

r' ht tt 'n^itl!t"l

lln'n .l'\?'oln agn'\ l't

It t,r,,\!,.n4tt4, ' cr\h" 4'!'l\ a.l-.r J.L\" h !n,tt.

'N.nnit\ tl'r l'Lt lh 1'htl'l't rtt lt r' rtt

.*.:::': ':,:;:^;r';, '" o ot uE"n'"ur ''po""'' "

tth 'I thd th' Prrn tr tut||hht:' 't

tl

:::::.::", ,.'o, hnt,,1t.,.,. .L\ t., l.n1 n.t., .'?". 'h.. t4, ... iF,Lfr't,,.

htl.t t . h.,ao. . 4,t. 4n,: nt ha r., -a.trdnp . " kth enPtolec ol N(io).

''Ther? i\ no lldtu ntu a !tu4( hunbct .t d.,,.,.....,i,;;":,,:;".""":,".)".":'::,:?,'.,:':::.,;::;;","::;;,,.:,1,:::,:,:,t n. - t, \

"t, -,-, 1.. tt,J o. . t r4t tr. t r . :,,4.r...fjrvenik ctihe prere ian? (An .nptq.a. al NGO)

Asscssmfl t of sociat familicsInrln up'rrolo, ,re..o^,,.e, tr\.nerJra,i{.\rnJ.t,t,t11J.!ht J.nt\JrrmL.,!rn.r'rorrrL"eol"u.LJi :,, tJ BLr, I<, ,{.. li,.!,t,4r ,,.n1 .,., A '..t'.t p.,*. , ,ninforde Iow educarcd. h the opinion of,csponJcdls. a tolshd setection orsmrdians is rcccssarv risccqhe

'n dr.rur.'n.r !,(, tl ," r,o,=,, r",u, -,,, o "u

rJ. r ^ru . dlher..,"1

ththl |d,t\ " p t \. hr,,.oLL a. o, t,n bnt tt. ar, r a,".J. at th t tn. 4rt ),.

,, -Wh" itt tp. k t vtt"sta .tkke I 5 thitttrcD, htrr b. thq, A) h4t ,t ader t.) set .hiLtauo$d ?s.." (tsa(idtw 4)."Sone ,:)allanilis an, rcant, ,,,.ort dn.t th.! tak !,.)p.t.uteoJ.hittlreh R ty)nctth?:.itlcre nultuliI ottul stth as.otlTi* unJ |].tqu S?tetti.), ofsudrdii stha t.t.nltte nut

anu ropet teph .aublsh \aLtu! fu itiet - lA enptar?. ol ,t:fat hah4.

.4rh.L.r a:.-a...:J,, ttL t-.'...\r.,t., q j a \rJ n,..n.. ....,..,J..!L,t,ri h , t tht4\ th. ttb: ,.Lt\, \h..tt\.4t t.r ,U \ . t..J t . p,.. tt.^hah.r,p/n.ti,,'t,\,."r.t,,.o."trr,.-,t..tL..,.a1,t.q1,. ,..,i"^,,,.t,,;t .,i, h ranJ\ha,r .1,.jt. a, t

''P-.,pLtt,!\J,,t..tti..r.,J'-,t.t,.,i.r\r,L,tt,t,rn,Jr.\,t\,\,.,..rt,,nt),,r.\.a!i r ttt |, 4 . rpir r.td.t ..., olt.t t. d s. .d t.\.,oi

Asscssn€nt ot gu,rdi,nihip in r rrmitt

,-, _,alilJrh,trr...,inmrcrrred,..*,, h ti,, d ! e, rn, , ro,ond EL",. ,"".,,r..,r._q,,,.,i.becamc guardians ofc|ildrcn a,e ficquent a;d can,csuu in hi*"a",r,,ai"g .r ** ot,i^ J,"

" ,,U,, 1,t,,.,11 i,,u\...\ 1.a,Ji,uk|L,a rt,t_at,\,:D- i,tt, t,.. i, ,tanJa,rtt.,..

-d r,,art\,rrt.t bt,trr't tu- ".r4,-t, tr rtot..,,r1, a )\.rad,a.r4,,:l::ad dh., nntul.ttta. rad-...ot.. ,\,dt,rbt..n w r.au.:, 4rr.,tjo,..t.t^.1 tut .Lnli gL ,lia\ r1ir..4.-vr'i,6rr.,.,r' eLuJn_ 'Ja'" r u,r,,, at,

who,hav.ptsibilitizt otd hure c,.a!:h hnncr ta tat. .dtu o/a"ni/ ao nu,u,*t,,o t" g,",a,on,olrhitdrcn||hoaftn.trctutives.An.tthosc*hoNunttobrett.)tuchitltu\uan\,tivc;nu:]nau4r'hratralh,t, b, r", :,,.o," ..tt, ,., tt. a..,,a.,",n. J,J|D r,,,..d,..,t. taa.nplare.4o dqog, / nt ptote.liak.)fth. tighls ofn). thjtd)

"We oho rk.Ie clf.n.\ h to.Ihr EM ja , \re hdv. {otkat ant a spe.idt q estionnan.,.tur speidlisls 6k:s ttk n.tiv1tjo" of chitd saahliun*ip, wL so ta f[it hrture suuLtdns in thcirh,nr dL.p,,a\.t.,dh,"\ att ot1. -"t.t, But.nt,,t;t,Jn.,i,-Dt,.,,. t .dt,)rp|. ;,

"" 1,rr-, h ttJ., f u t, t n. dtr. 1,+ t a n, -t,,,.,,. rJ \ Go)

.Sanetines ttc pu1M aIlve nc e'L in th' la'al Fpe' thot \ t drc |'oknls lot Rlrthltunx

+at4ttt!Lt\! - a trfliEht "h h'l1-^,";*,.'"",...."""'. u1'orJ "r'lou "Ltun

n'er

"-- ::;J;;a ;nn .ro rot .*l ftat bior.siclr D ctrts or chldr'n undd thdr

o"z'ilirn\hiD.nrn( ro \nil rhrn childro lh(J irl ru lind oui nu' rh'J 'ould

nruhih'l

;;;;;;"i;;' "',, 't ". "".,'teru\c0rrrrit r'|n'torici r Lhir'.r ron 'c

in rh( onitrion or!uardi! \'

ii"" iJ*ii i "'" " io"'*

',,lnucn"" on tr'"ir "r'ira'cn

lhus' lrobrcns lrise not onrv yith

"i.ii'*'i.""". t',."n_,*n+ bul rlso iilh biolosicnl prenls ofch dr€n " ( n tnplovceor

xn rEonrl ror rhr ll' oi.rrion nl rhc riUhr\ 'l lhc child)'

tfhat fituA h( tlo,e ,t ittctt s. the 'u"bet tt thiLlftn u'rd* snaulinnshil' tu lantilies i'd

"-'''i.,"'",'""","""",ir 'Jrr"o ur'l r'ol '$_r'r 'lrl'1"' Jr" 1sJ:'di3r" "J'*,i,r,,.,1 ,.,1 \'' noJll hdnJr "f4 d'lvwr' r h'ro r'r''n_!ir''t:;...''.,,),

u.,,,t,." t',t.,. h" t"tE' 1h rtt,t,' * i.t,"a,t ia,* ii';,g in Fatdidn:hjp l'stiutn's d]! Dt\k?d al hr olhs LhikT? 1h'/s

",i,"it "'**'t*wt, 'i,'eiats.hu ln 'nptott oluh dsenq Jot th' t)mt'ibn olttc

" ;,, ,. ' haL'rt q l,ao...,t1 .., ttdn h: o d,tt.trra \t,rtl 1 '" 11:tr'r' t", .:i,,.,,'.h,i.',. ,,.. t,.t i-1,tpt.,,,tt BJt',,"J " hrtEul't"aht,.,.,,.i.t.,t..t-, ^.,- a"''i ..:,u,'t 4ttr't ntth't "r't \npt"ta tl

Mdss;ncdit olicn !r)ak\ lrt s.anltuts tit a\an a tt' tuhtk: i' i 'atktt'b nl'fln&t I

lhalting bad huP4r nt aso;idldni\ Matalositi'( '\dnqks nbulLlhtsiwh to tht ])ubln:

(,1,c ptor.alNoo).' '' nt'rt orrict,s snotttt t,e P hhsh..l

'n pa\ltirt 5Petuncc tltho ghk(n hhooJotn:lcr

on d.loplitt1 h n.t high, tl tc6t those arli tes atu dtun]-! tJ'titit E t a\es ol ludrdnhtuP rtutnllt' \hor ed negatDLl); ltnenPl'l'eolilil l hon4

' r, poor tliuy, inanv p*1k: ]b ata r'eolthr !" Eh tctt htt'tL u do! at d ot.11)

t,*-i"s't;,.,1.^ i ',t.P,-\;l d.hia Md* n ttu shoutd rt ile ar! dbaat tdkin!:tr rhil'l k)

dtu ilr.'d;! ni\hts hinlor ntkmghi /ho hqll (1n'nPlq\te olNGo)'

c'" rv .." -'po,d*r sitl gu; i3nshiF I'ould bcnrorcropulnr ir it wcrc cotrsidered to

':chnd Eualnia rllil) tot&l he qudktl b djah Jd \rhkh u Nts'n i\ Pdi'l"ttdn xala'1'

t",t ,,ir,,"in",. p","i,,' ,,,kLt 3 5 thiaren tulet tlatlnlnshiP thts t *otun\ rtdu t"tl1,',,'.l,i p ,,,"r'' ,,."", Mdlbc then lhtutcd p& ' httins k ar't'Ltse oJ rcdasast anll

)ii,i,n ti ,.a ^*i ^", tuh hd161u wttd rei (An cmprovcc ol rn leencv ror ftc

Frotectiotr ollhc righlr oldre child)

tm sho L! b! don. b i,u.6e the anhh of'hiLhe rctunrut b rtut hiololin:al Nrc ts?

r.nph6iTing th.lr chiid cotrldb.rclunred onLv lo lanilies Llr'lcliangc thcn ntitudc towar'Ls

a child aril (catcirffiat co.tlitions lnr a child. thc respondcnrs srid th'tsoclal work hrd nr bc

cafiicdont\titl dreB'lhc respondenls mcntioncd the lxck aor prclcntivervork sidr socd isk fanrilics:

'75

''Fn u.idltuppo inthclbrnaJdlovatuej..tkuedtNat:.hao!,.hurr!,atc,is)?kte,!d,turi.h is vu) tu|":sut Rut t .wttir. bortt is atso ner6tat/. pnnna ofala il, $houttt t*poi etl at h! nhEhs t hcr .ond be elvtd br.i,iht elliri .hd pz.rylc jhdta be turyht tosoht th.i' fil)lah: kdqdll.r l,,. Natvalt.v, etth dLtirli* ..J !kit!&l t t ltupi); ,.uin..tto.tal\|.tkf^ undt)ryrhorryit^ (1na pt.v.t a/ NCO)

Thc nudb$ ol so.iaL wo.t.rs !t nnnloipaliti$ .nd srbdistricts slnuld bc indrarcd byrcdrcing drir wor& lMd and 0dnoting rheir mdover speiati$rionj

"SnMisti.ts hart xt' litt" stiot t ,Iers_ th.i, w,t toa.! is hi! dr.t ,he n@t4r ot.1,n,-lttnNLor!.,oI,at,avbtt.h*dttu.iLt,!r,kL.itht-r,,,t,t4..\,t"/t41,t.j..:.J un asencrJi tkprekcrib, t,l th. nshsol k.hit.t)

''5.. iulwnlr:* neel h.l\r h-aink! utl prhtrE al ttrei vDtk hotur!. So 1. shoutd ||arLwith oL! p@ptu, ahile othtts . $i!h proble.tk ld"titi6, an.t tu ,r,rtq olsu.:t.lntjria tthutdh" 54 bnt

"ot 20 S.xial |qo k B shoutd not c\ot cont'o! ott,J.D,ities trn! ruth.r (a ry ozt soriat

wotk (t1n h\'toyr al int\ tha .)A nccd ibr coordiDarn ofnrc work ot djllarenr oBrnis{Lions rnd depnanrcnis w$ ltso

"|turu i- u Iftk at @iidhn Mu.tijlout.tqvn1n,cnts. Sriat wak 6 u. z,1 q,alLt Dunnholilies. ps!.holo9is|t n ot & o' ynoob, nottin& to ! r,otdiflctu ! aAdri.s, NeOt. eholeat nith the r)hta^ .4.hittttun ad 4,sf .tiadt ld,njtns. That watk,hautd h..aodindt..ldnJlp.iulh ry-t.rn [osr Dw6thortdtur kcdo !nndn onentcd jorrt,r. , (/h d'th!..

Sp@ill prcgammq shotrld t'c wclcd ouL and inplcmfttLn aL hboor cxch ge:'4t t,M. the Lwl of uneqnolnEnt i\ rdhe. hish. Mohe ae N?.t spq:iat p,osra,hh,.s

lat.npt.!ht. t alpeopts lho hot..hiaftn " (/1h.npt4).!c4 ihlantho,,4''spe. l uttunlit 1 b

"4:t.strr jnr vtuthn ol ft)htu,\ of siuta nbtho.\ ttto rk

n.hrble4 Lahout dt hdhg! tx,tr1 h.h th.n. " (k ej\fu,ya ofN(;()).

5.6.ATTII'UDE OII I,TI'IIUANIAN INTIABI'IANIS TO$ARDS DOPTION ANDGUARDTANSHIP OI CIIILDRI]N DETRIVDD OF PARINT L CARE

On .lamEry 13-16, 2005, VII,MORUS, alkct rnd opini.n rcs.d.h centrc, cdried out a

sn voy olndult inhrbilrnts (18 ycnr oklaDd oldd). Ruspondcnts wcrc {skcdwhaL ir thcn opiniotr

c.uld rtinulatc ldoplion of cbildrcn dcpriled ol narental caic by cilizcns of ihc Rcpublic ofLidunnia. Bqid6, Bpondcns w4 $k€d to as6s tte caic ofchildan dcn.ivcd of p€mhl@ro srllc carc inslit"lntns and family-type cao homcs. Thc lohl numb<r orsuNeycd adulb or0tr.ptrblic of Lilhuanir wns 1064.

Mcthods oflho research

N!'nb.Y or r$pondmts: N = 106.1

Objet of thc rosq'rch: 18 ycFold and oU6 n Bh'tatrls ol fic rcpublic of !-i DdiaTypeofthcsurvey: intcrvi.wltlhcplaceolrcsFnddtMclhod of samtling nn ti-tu8c. probability s.mpling. Scmphrg of rcspotrdcns wt3

prdpnrrd in such 0 way as to givc cqual pmbabiLity lbr.ach irlubllant oflidurnia to bo

'Itc suncy ws hcld in vilnrus. Kdnrs. KhiprJa i'aulili, Pa cvcr'a, MJrumpoli.DiJskiiinkai, visaginas; Sveidiotrys, Alylus, slkiii, PIunga, Pakruojis, Sihr., Ke rifliai, u&na,]llurtrg!, Salinrinkdiahd Rokiskis rcgions 'lhc srvoy wds ncld ir l9 t,Nns and 59 vill.ges.

Estimtior of a $,rilliel .rro.Sampling of 1000 rsDondcnls givcs r mfter explicit Esulli lDwcvs, a slllislidl ho.

shotrld be takon into accounr.

ForexanFlc, if it hls trdcn cstdblishedrhat 50% oJ pcoplc ok8c t|c ',\" ^nswcr,

rllcn it irL{',. flJt'Jt, c 'l-4 rc rcJl .Jlu, r l'(Iq.fl -', 1.t 5.r' !

TlEpcisionofdfturion rcducd wifi dErldocrion in dE groqr offode in qu6tion. Fo.cxanlnlc, ifn has bccn Ar.lblishol rhat fte " ansc s4 ch@r by 5ry. ofrillagc inhabitanrs,

100 ofwhich w.rc surveycd, thctr lhe rcal lrluc (95% prohabihy) is bctwccn 44% lnd 56%.'lhrs, orurion sl'ould b. lakm in the intlrprctatiotr ol suoh rcsulrs whcn srDllgnups ol Fofle arc

R(sdts ol lhc r!.].yn'dcqueslion Wt in yolropinior.@ld slintrta.€ ,doplion ofchildrcn dcpnved ol

p!rcntd care by inhlbitants ol Lithuanin? rolpondcnts could ohoosc only one vuriantollhc

L Stric( rutuncmots lir ,(lopt6 providrd lry lavs sbould bc changcd

2. TV Fqs dd ndio shotld lom F$nivc adtrdc lownrds tuloptionI Thesl4c shou'd give m(rc nrfomation on llFFssibilitios ofdooion4 The srdc shonld stinnrhtc ard ppo.t pcoplc $atwdtrt ro Ndopt childJcn

5. Fanrilics Lhar adopt childrcn depriled ol parcntal cire should l,c plid thc sanrcrllowucc a guardi,trs (500 Li$!)

6. Pov.ny fld unmploytrrdt should lle rcducol rhor fDrents fiemsdvG wdld lltc

? I havc tro id.i

76'11

Whatin yotrr opinion could stimulrte rdoptiotr ofchildrcn dtprived ofpnr€ntal care byinIrbitanB of Li(hu!ni!?

lrr r y ry r L n,. li,r'tr. !vhilc only 12.5%.frcs!.ndents ncgalive assossmcnl oflhe car. al statc

nsr' r r& r:, ll'tri. trL fcndfll, iDhabilanlsoat,ithuaniagivenor€ posiiivc4scssmcnlio ficcarcof.l lltl',i.( r,r'(' rar'rtrtn sm$erlh l totlcc!.uxtfamily-tyl'ecrcnon$

5,7.I. (:oVI]TNMDNTPOLICY Ah'D ACTIVITY OI: MINISI'IU I]S

'lh. a.Llvitics ol the Mihlstry ol Social Security rnd Ltbour, lhc Minislr] ol Hcaltlt,

thc Nltr'in,y .f Education nd Scidc., thc I{nristry ol Jusrice. coutrtics, nrunicipalitic{, non_

Lro!untrrcn$1 or ganisations luk coorrlination.

U|) 1o nov ihe Stralegy olChikl Carc System Reorlrnislion I'as n.t be.n dnn€d {t'ndd1ncCove,nnrcrt Rcsolution No l7l of f.bruary 6, 2002 $c Mnristr] of S..ial SccuriLy &d L$oui,nr looNmtionrvith the lvlinisrrt .f[drcatron and Science an{l rl,c Minisnf ol the Inlerior, had bih I'rF\r.,'.;J r'rl'i ."'rq'.J Fr Jr'l.. fr''00

Cuided by RcsolLrrio. ol thc Scinrb (Lithurnian lnrlinncnt) .fthc Republiu ol l,ithuania

No IX-1569 ol Mdt 20,2003 thc Miristry ol Socidl Soclrily and l-aborv, in cooper.lior with tieMinisq ofEducalion and S.lcncc and dre MinisLry olHcd{r. halc flcpared lnc drrll Str.lcgy oft|c Nationrl ChildWeliiL'r l'olicyand ihe,\ction llu 1n G imnlcincDtation. This drali SlJatcSy

ihc prctaration ol the Stxlcgt of thc Child Care (\!!llir.) Systeni licorganisaiion lnd Lhr

Action Phn for $e iDplcmcrhtlon fierofduring:005 2006 in slrcngthcning dre prioily ofthc child care (Nel1]tlrcJ nr lhc l,nrily and th€ reorsrnis.(ron rnc ns l(lr lhc ilNtilnt'onal child.arc (qclfarc) syste'n;

drc prqrr,ation and implenenLrlion oltic t rgct P.gramnre dnrnrg 2006 2012 thrL would be

ddloied to thc de\..lopmenL ol alLtturivc ftflN olsocirl scmces prolidcd lo .ountics' infant

ln 2004 rhc Gove.nnc t olLhc RcNb!ic olLiduanir .pprovcd lhc Plogrammc ofSuppo(ofoehans and Clrldpn Who ha\c Lon Parcntrl Gunrdrnnship md Then l.tcBratio. i.to So.ielylor2005-2008. The.in ol $c Prognmme ( to creale lilourrble coodilions lor social integrdtion

nrb socicq oILhe pe.sons {bo havc losl fxrcnkl guardianship. and develon nrdcr,c .lcncc skillsin nlcFNon (thcpiority isgivcn lol)crconsrvho live orhxvc been raised ir inhnthonrcs a.d wnohxlc lost Frent.l gulrdixtrslrln).

Alrhough quite r lot ofsocidl {.nrds a.c tnincd in Lithuanra, many non speirlisls workin,^gcncies ror the Proteclion ofthc Righls ofthe Child, slo are no( cornpctont enough for thc

rv.rk s ilh problem lirmilies whosc nrfanls makcutlhenujority ol children liling in inlxnlloncs;dcrcfo.c thc possibilily ofsd! i n hclum to t[c biological lhnily is nrinnnrl

ofl cLriknor dc nrd ol.l]arc ll.

Asscssncnl orftc Larc oachildrcn dcpriredolp,rcnt,l crre ir starc (!rcinnitutions and fanily-typ€ care honr€s.

child.in,r rrn'ilr-typo.rrt

4?4%ofinbabilanLsofLithuaniawc.cnotablcloEivccithc.tositivco.ncgativcascssnMtofchild cuc al slatc irstitutiors. Isscssing carc ofchildrcn dcl)lircd of parc.tal carc al familytyp€ ctre homes. the number ofs ch respoMents reached.l2.l%.

Bcsidcs, compaison of ncgarivc asscssnent ot child crrc at statc itrstituri.ns and at

family-9}c carc nomcs rcveals thal24% ofresNndcnls gave ncgalive ascssmcnl oflhc carc at

43.6% ol tle suv€yed thnrk that lovcrry antluncmploynrcntshoul,ltc roduced $en pn, entsthcmsclvG w.trklt.ke carc ol drcn chiuren. 15.5% oftbe sur vcyed think that fanrilics lhar rdlFrchildrcn dqrrivcd oftarcntal .rrc sholld b! pr thc sune rllorvtrce as gu di rs (LlL 500 00)

Alnrost rh€ same numbcr of thc survcyd (15%) h vc nrdict(ed dr l the slalc should givemore infomtion on the lossibilities ofadottion l2l% $oughl drd(st.ictrluiremmts ibr.do!te$provided in laws should be chaDxen

largely snalld pttr( ol Lrlhu i.n nrn.hitants thinks that tnc st tc shouLd givc nuenrfo.mation o. possibiliLics ofddoption (1%) or mass nEdia could promore adofti.n ofchildrcdcprivol of pecntal c cbyforlniigxfositlvcatlitL e l,oreards doplion (3.1 p.oc.).

Asic{ loass$s tbe c reofchildrcndepdvcdofparcDtalcarcii|!blh.!rcinstirulions(nrhotnotts, boirdins schools, eL.)rnd lirmily ttpc c ehoncs.fouoftcnrcsNndc.tsSrvcapositiveascssmmt ofthc.l,ild.irc !t public cnrc n$lirrLions (40/t, while onb' erery lnnd n,hablhnt.rLitnwriagavcapositivcrsscseDcntotthcchildcuerllhelinilytypec.rehon.(:l:1,9%).

5,?,2. SITUAl'ION IN INI.,\N'T HOMES

On Novenrbq l,2ll0.l,sir inlanthomes lrad365 nrhnts rDd chikl.en trndcr l.

s.7.2. r . soc r At, cH,\RAcTtrRISTICS O I pAR E NTS'lhc yoorgcsl morherxho rbitrdonc,l hcr chjld w6 o.ly l3 yerb oln!0,shc.cxs r[.c]dcst

or.r'ds'16ye s old. Th. rgc oftu majdill (No'c irx onc lhtrd) ofmothers ftngcd liom l0l.l9 Thc mrjd ity olrnolh.rs de uncmployed.4% oft|cm arc $rtpoftd by $e sl'lt.nd receiv.an irvalidily pcrsion As thcrcserrch d.la sho{. thc cdrcali.n olonly orc Lhird ol nrotbss issccondaN or hlgh whi.h dilfu's lion lhe gen0raL lcvcl ofcdu.ati.n oll,ithux iu rvonren. Only Il:r { {'"a ',r'l't hr" 'n,i",pl!rr lrrlrred',J.ror

lvcn lcs k knorvn nboll laLhl8 ofnrtLnls placed in nrfinl homcsr nrlorMrion is rvrilnblconly ab.nl on. thnd.lLlirf, (14%). Only 8-o/o offathcrs Norlr. zl; oldrcm ar. $rrrponed by 1h0

alc,8% nc involvcl in lnolher rcriulres and 149;arcuncmtl.ycd No0ri'r! is known nboul rhcrcsr lhc cducatio. lcvel ol lirhu\ is cven loNer thatr thatorni.thds

s.?.2.2. tsAC IORS RESU|XttC tN INSTITUTIONALTZAfTON ()r TNTANTSlhu trrrsr licqueitrly sl lcd rctLson $as a dish.rnronious timily this xcounls lnr 531i, ot

all rc.sotrs indicat.d. Cle ly, rhese c6cs crtr be supflcmcntcd hy rhc folL.trvn'g rncs: .cslricl.d

lutmaL riehls (9r0, prrenG (hemselles renounccd rn child (59/r, l)rrcntrl liol.hce (l!/o). nolhcrr lrr closc L, lhc rbove nrcnlroncd oncs is nrfrisotrrn.nt.l lDr cnrJ (294). Thus, 7 ou( oll{rn'li ls rv.rc phred nr inlinlho'nes doc topbblcm txmilics

noth.r group ol rcnsons rs rcl.rcd ro poveq This rvas nrli.a{cd c!!n in 21!)i' 01'

qucslntmdiics Dcrn'ncty, Lhis,cason crn be conelatcd wiih a situaLion nr PI,'blcnr lirmiLes. inNhich fanlly mcrb$s d. nor rvork buL dnnk lnd innict violcncc

alcdy,ll'cscgrouFsor'rLrsorsmayberehrcdtoihelongrcrmillncssolparcnLs (indicatcdin cv.ry lc.th qucstio mi,r), sn'slc pr.ent iimiljes (nrosr often consktlng ofr si|sJc noLtol(9%) antl ll'crcqucstof. mlher (. lcceplu inlinl(ll%).

Onl,aorcFrcctrr olnrlarls F*c total orphrns. i.e. hrvin! no parcnts atalL

5.7.!.1. PL,{CtrMENt tN tNtAN l HONTTS

4l% intunts rnd chil,|cn nndcr drc agc ol l were placed in infant honrcs from hcaLrh carcinslitutloDs,l.l/! ltum lhe d.prrlhenl ol nconablogy ol hospital, l8j; nom thcn parcntsfimily, ]% fiom rdodrd lladiihhp nrshtulion, 2'lo lionr thcn rclatircs limily r d 2'll

5,7,2.4 IID,\LTII S'T,\I'US OI INIANTS IN STAT' CAREThede!elofnrentaLquoticnLl.rvdLhanT0wasnclcnnincdlo2T%olnrlinLslndchildrenaftcr

thcnplaccmcntininfanth.mcsThcdcvcLopni.nlllqmricnrol4ii%ofchrldrenrcconmod.tcdirnrimthomcsvas hig[c. thatr ?0 ll.*cvff. itsholld bc notod Lhrl the devclopme.rrl quoti.ni ofevery lounh child tlaced nr nrfanlhomcs was nol innicatc.l.

sof I Novcmbcr:004,thocwcrc2l l0ofchltd'cnh!ll hihnlrr.heswhosede\elopnrcntalquoti.nt was lovcr than 70.

s of 1 Nov.n$d 200,1 lhcrc xcrc l% ofchildrcn livnrg nr nrlanL h.h.s whosc hctrllhslatus rvas attibutcd t. Cout I, .16% .fchildrcn had tundional dhordcn, rcdmed re&trviry,slronS m.rth.Logical dhordcF antl disordcrs .f physic.l dcvclopmcnl, oicn r'rllio! ill with

^cutcdkcascs 35% ofchildrcn had fhysi.al&ncicncl$, r.sidMl pldrorncna ali( lr.uhN ind

I' rrtr, 1:l't' ofchiklrcn wcre ill snh cnonic dncases an(lhaddNordcrs of

fnif, ,n L rriL il)L rrxr rvntcd lhcir drilt acdvnies 4% ol.hildrod wcrc dis'blci parienls, who

li,iLlrl i t, ( i,'ln1l l)rd rosr

L t!,' Lln x,Lrrnin,d tion nr inlint honrcs dirgnoscs were Indc tor inlinh and 0lildcn

,tr tl.' L( ,ri L'L I !ctrrs Onlt onedisc4crvrsdirgnosc{lr^1\i;'l'liilnren lwonk'ascs (!12%'

l',.,1,'., ,n: i) Lil'I. lour diseases 10 I l9; and nvc discrscs lo i0%

5.7.U.5 I lrNDtNC S()UI{CESll'c nrin lirdnrg sourcc oi nrfirt homes is thc slatc budgct The btdgctrrv iuds lcconDl

nr li.rw.c i)5% dd 98% ofrll tu.,Is ofthe nrsltLrions lunds tlloclled lbr thc nnPlenrcnt'tion

ol sr.cirl p'og.x'nmes. $Lch as V,ih skiep.i (vac.oarion ol (rhildren). RiLk sveikd (Bc

I(rhy). Nrugoksrvc ndiiugus (l'rotectYouncllandYotrrrricndtalsoinakcupa'c'txnl

Drofo'liL$ (qurre a sn!llone) ol thc tundnrg

h' riltli(ion. nlinL Ionrcs.ccc,!c Darl oItundnre as supPorl (charitv) boLl' liom traiu'xl ind

Lcsxl tc$.ns iiod abroad md Lithuania Ilow.vcr,itisnol!stal,lcsoureofirnding;(hcInounLollinds receiveddiilc$elerytqnr (in2l]l]2 iLna,lcn|rLIL377thous.. n1200:i LTL766nrous,

irr 2004 LTL 324 thous.).'Ihe nrrjd l)art of erplntliture conslsls oi cxpcrdiluc for wa:cs xnd s.lirics (itrlirL

h.mcs thcn rre lr.m 83'!" {ViLnlut 10 60ri, (l'ancvatls) Anolhd nx'iors''ups ol cxpertlltut is

cxpcndiLLtrc rar dulri(ion, $hich ot th0 r\c,tgc accounc iitr 8r, olxll txlcnditurci howc\cr lhis

cxNndituro ld niJTcr.nl ]cas .n.l in nrlx lhomcs llucLurlc liom'16', Lo I'16'r' Expcrkllture lnr

tharn.c.ulicalsacco0nhonltllr$ourl51;ofllrololilc{NndrlurcirlLh.ugh,nrdillcrcnrrnlinlhomcsitlldrtuatcsliornl),l'r,itol.L%Suchrnun0venn.ssoccu$durtotlicdililrec'ldthcuscof rle suDto.t fumls nsom. iiitrnlhonics thc iuds o l supNrt (ch.ritv) ar $ed lornufrition. or

for acquisiri.n ol phnnrrccuncals or !l mcdicxl (ehibililation) e!uiDnrcnt. whilc nr o{rc$ thev

arc $cd to satisfy otlrei cc(ls

Erch ycrr of the pcriod nr question, mairt.tralcc cosls of inlimls aml .hLldrcn undcr :l

halc bcen on t|cavenrge growing try l.$ pcrccnt I. ?002, malntcnance olonc inmatc arnounlcd

to L 19.20000, in 2001 to LTLl9,j0000, and rn 1004 (M eslin'xtc) it will rn'ount to

5,?.1. TItD PRORLTiNIS O[ 51{liSTlC S INIORMATIONThere isnorcliable inlbmali.n aboul (hc nunbcr ofchildPn who arc notunddsua(ianship

The M iiislry ofsocirl Sc.nrily and Labour h.s no su16cienr inlonnaiionaborLchil&c. who

arc ndssunrdia.nip nr sulrdianship nrsLnulions and child carc nrsritutions becrusc:

> iL has ro nnnnnnLron aboul (he nunb* ofchildren Lrvi.s ii scl)aEle gudlianshifinstitutions rhat arc undersurdirnshi! (cro accodlig to thc ryPc olguardlanshiPi

t th. d.ta the Minislry has arc oblaDed liom difcrcnt institutions r..ording to dillircm

> thc Dmjonty o1 $E dala ahoul gtr.dia shin hst tutions nE obfincd consolid!(ed,

rrrrlJ!.lL.h.t".e 'g. r"'Frr' nibl nd

ril

vt. ( (,\. r l rurN( ll"l\IAKtr EVERY CHILD COIIN'l-'

' \t" rl.rtrl)5rl,ui cnritiolalscienlilic rclicrlcorlir.rrcc NhLcli!crvchilllcouf(r,\ t,lr ! iL !'

', rr Al lhis conlercn.c thc stud) Acllc$ ollhc ll0nlth rtrd wcllirraol Children

' rl,r Lr,.(rlrliltr{rorsofiheRep LrllcofLithurni!,conlll'ldl1'vollhclrslnulcIorSocirlllrr , ' ' .){r0r1 wns i.roduced nr l illiu.nd lnr ll'c lirs( trrnc ll'c rnn ol llc str t wxs lo

i r,' ' '

r lr'l!rL(hshtusolintnntsrndrhildrcnun.lcrth.rseollvLnrsLiviIsi sritcinnnuLidrs'

h ,,.1yn rh.ii socrl dcmognphi! charx0lerslL.s. rs wrLl rs lo nl0trlrlv thc rusons rbr then

l,lrf.f11i. ri'c f.riod olstry nr s1.lc instnulioh\ xn(L$c Drthlc s.l aurr(lirnnripLhr donitreo.c q,as anned dt artrc(i'rs rtr.r1iLnr.l Iirltrrtrtrirr {'uictv politicians and

sti(Lxlisls n) nntuic rnd childre nndcr lhc xa. .l :l v0 s, sho snrcc lIcir hirth hnd bccn livins

w(l)rn( |larcnls or Suardians in stalc nslrlllntrrs. rs wcll d x1 cotrsklc'ilA thc allcmxlilcs to

i,s{rr ntrrlcare rn ordcr to ensurc thc rigLrL.l Ll'r rIiL(l!, he 'xlsctl

in I lifLilv'lh. cotritrctrcc Nrs orgrDi/crl by thc Mii'a1rv ol ll lLh. Lh. Clonnnittcc ofllcald Afais

o1{|c Parlianrcrld.d rlnstrLtrrc lirsocifllrc\rn ch IIwrsnLpl)o cd bv lhc ilNIClF Rcgiontl

Oficc forCentaladdE.nrn' l\tr.p.. {hti (ifnnr,r{cnlrrr I'l lntlcpendcnr Slates 'nd

Lhc Ballics.

rtfrcscnled by lirc prcjc0( 'ur[80r N/s Nl ry litrjnnd ' ]hc conllrc cc was also rLLc'rdcd bv

rcprcscnlxliv.s.lthc tmlirrlcrl .l thu Irqiublic ol I ilhuria, lhc Conlt.1lo 1or Proicction ol

thc Iiights ol$c ( hild ollhu Itq blicrl Lnlrurnix,lhc Ndi.nalllcrlth Council.llre Minislry ol

socirl Sccur lymd Lrbou',lbc MinisL'-vol llducnlLonod S.icnceand oll''rMinislrics agcncies.

|ubli. bodics. LcrJcrstun,il lr. LounLy H.mcs lor InlirnlJ wilh dclulormcnl diso'd$s non

g.rcnncnlxl o, srtr isntio*, vilnius Un ivdsiry, (.unas Univuritv ofMcdilnrc thc Univcnitv ol

lr' n' -" l ll' tr lr"q' r ".1 . ul Ir'.rc'rr- r' r"riu''

6.1. suNtMIRY O[ Ktrl',NO l E PRtrSliN ldrloN .{T THr] CoNIERENCT] 'M,{KllEV'RYCHII,D COUNT" ON 'ALIERNAl'IVES TO INS'I'II IJ'TIONAI,I SA ONOT"

INT'ANTS AND CXILDRI]NS UNDIR 3',\ mnDriry ol childrcn rrc sithout pnr.nN lhis nrav bc bccxnsc thcir bnnogicalp rcnts

halc nied o. hrvc abandoncd lhc'n lor . vricly ol reasons OLhd childrcn rrc icmovcd liodthcn pnrenrs $ it is judscd llat then parcnts do not hnvc lhc cafacitv or Lhc ncans 1o earc lbr

t[em app$nr iatcly. Thus. nrosr counhlcs.ccd to prov e or rsist in subslilutc.arc' tcnporarilv

or n ofiritcbr The lyDc olsnhstitule cfc oflcrtd vries riotrr country Lo conntry, frnlins iomr.snlcnli,l ur. in inslitLnions to soro tunn oltirmilY bnscd.rlc,sucbasgutrdianshipbvrchLilcsor liicnds, fostcrins or.(lottion. This mry change over tiNc influcDced bv rcscarch and *ocial

.lohn Bo$lbt s aLkchmcn( theory cm$asised thenesaLivcconsc4ucncc*.linslitulion,l 'arcco!'pNtl to linnly bNcd care. TIis icd to a dccline in tlrc usc ofinstn nonrl carc hplacend'tccilr.s.r larxechildrcn's hon$ nr so'nc parts ofEuropc during the l$lqudcrolthc2Orcenh!ry'ln orh.r tarts olEorutc, .hild care policy [as bectr l$s nnlucnccd lry the rvnirss olBowlbv jn

tcrn$ of nrcetnrg (h. psyc[osocial needs ofc[ildretr.lnstead, M cnrdrasishrs bec. pla.cd on tlre

ptrtsicaLreeds olchildrcn andconlrolling thcn cnliroDmcn( lhis lctl lo a rclrncc or nrsdtulions

mrhsrtlfn thcde!elopnicdtofsubstitulepa'utiig,suchns Lsr$.arc and adoption

Furrlcuore. !d!rn.cs nr chrld protc.tion Dolicl .nd procclucs lhat oatr remoto pa.ctrlal

rigtls halc sonredncs ffoeressed rL x lisrcr ratc th.n de dcvclolntDt ofconnunilv scNiccs

Lo maint.in chil&u s rights to bc sutiNrtcd andlo|ehitbilnrtcd nrto lheir iilmilid\ of o.igin(UNCRC) or olfcr.d sltdn.tive la rily htscd 0are Therelnrc,.hildrcn have been placql irhospitalorresidcnlialcare lnsLitotiots {s r flaccolsal!ry, olicn on r long_tcmrbasis

5.7.4. TIIE PROI}I,I]MS OI' I,ECAL RECULI,\TION

Thc Lcgalrcg rLior olicdrilics olrnInLhonrcsandsocialscNiccs prorirlc,l]n rhcDr is n01

> sundlrd rcgulalions oflhcslatcand mni.itrll lx l ho,n(\ luvenoLbcen npprolcd;

> lhe pro.edure olrcleul of childrcn $|. nrc'rdu gu diNsbrp 0r rlirnthoDres has not been

> Acncnl mi lmunr rcquitunrcnlr ro nrlirL homcs hrve not bcen sct, cacctt f.r scncdl hcilrhsafcty rcquncmcnls liri iniot homcsi

> sktrdrrds ofso(ial scrviccs pnrvidcd ir iifxnt homcs lrrvc rnJlbuu' pro! d 1i,r;

> thc quliiy assunncc sysl.rn .lso.ial s.rvi..s prov od in nrlr.t honres hrs not becn sctj th.proccdure ofacc.cditatnnr ofinfatrt Lr.mcs has not bDen xppo\ed.

Brckground b llrc proirc(Yintrrgchildrcnl0LoIycr$ltLlccdrDrcsrl. r lc,( rsLilr(jonsrLirlrouttrrcnGIcrirhk

olhrrm in tc, fs . hlLrchmctrl dnonlcr. Jcv.Lotf,.rrrl lclr! tnlncurtrl rlbpht o (hc (l.vclo|inr,brrh lh. cglrrLxnlJurrgccrtrs0{l1ryrxrlyr':rxrirrrlpttr.nrirrisut0NrlcDttovtot.LUk,

lhis l5 trurlh nruic.l. snonnrrcrl rynr. iir,)l.dr Unron Dnrhnc I'rulnnmc 20ll r():r xn,llhc w.'ll llc,lLh orknNalidr I(cgidrl olli.e litr lf,nr'tLi. srtr!1cd ll counn Lcs.cros Lrtriotumd idctrri(icJ th. nn nrf xrd chtrrc(erisl$ ol.hilihc rn{lf rlftu plxced in r.sidentirl crrcinnrlu(nnrs rvnhour thcir 0r.nls lor norc tlnn :l ronlLN in 201):r r\ furc il d.pLh nvenis.tronintuthcqnxlib'.fl slnurl, trul (:rr. w.s orduclcd in 9 nn.,.oulLir\ D$nu.k.Iitrncc.cl0c.cIlLngutr l,.LxniL Rftr'ia, Slo!rkir. TLrrkcy a.J LJnit.rl Knr:lon. Ihc n(icct also idcnliIcddr. ex(cnt xnil cosL olrlr.irrlivc sc.viccs lbr I. outrg chlnfcn in re.d.l i]r'c rnl flarcclron (. !su'rrgat. iiirily.arc) xn,l lL'r u{: oJ nnlnnril rtrd intcr couni} drbftnn' as I ro$nrsc {o lirnnlypo!cnr.lordrc.hilnh.iIgrbns.,l.,'cslc.tef orrbuJonctl

'l\o nrenbds oldrh.ollurrn'r $uc cn,pl,'rcd. FirsL, lleDllmcnls ol llcrLth lin .qtri!rluiMmiirna) nr [0iote \rcrc corirrcd xnd N](cd hn oJlniirldrlr usi'rg sorr.rs rr lh. Wor lrl ttcaLrliOrlrisxl,o ll(lionxl Ollicc lnr lnr.pc b (r0!tr1 lris cnlcavour Sc.onrl, lo giv. r morc nl

{lqrlh !icN ol nrslimnmal .rc ,lthr ir'rtr!n rhillrcn. ri srDrplc ol ilnllurnr$ {du ris rclin rhcrin. Tartre, c.trntics

l..l[c 3] linoll.rn uunr.irs who n\r",d.d lSNtzcrlanJ .otrLd dol rurprnd h.rar.s olxlx0kol mtnn lihu onlLrisr.Ii.), itNxs.st l.dlbrr:lj0t9ch1l!n,rundcr:lrrnNlnuloi'rtiscdi'r rcsdrnliil cd. x.'os Iu,rt,r (itrLsid.'nr!: lle cstinril.d popu]llid o]chih[.r Ltr cr:]i'Lrhc:ll Duopcrn c.rnrrics (21)6 rnllln ). rl'is rqrrt:snrli ll rhrldicn l]cr I0,000 urdd :l lin's nrinsrrruLinns lnr m..c rxn lrcc ro{hs ld 200.1

Thcrc wrs !rcrr varirnm |c(Rrco niri'tri (r rtrics h' Lh. p$|ntrrnm.lch]liLcd utr,tc'I nr innrl0rdrfl cr'! li .outrtios hxrl tr. o, ldr lhrn Ll,; ol dril rcn undcr :l in rn$ trrtnnN.Lrvdv. cotrnrics hrd nrnnulionrlscrl l)cNr'.cD I rd,l I0 cl'iLd'e,' rur 10,000. scvcn conntrics hrJLrlLrun ll rrd r0.hilfr!) pe' 10.000 itr trNlnu(nnr rnd rl!,.ritrsl).rishro!nr'rcs hnd betw.cn:rLxn(!a!ch,ld,rnr(l0,000nrnstitutursl-nxcllnrNe..ul(lrifn,viLl.,lnrnrrti,!ron$cJal. ol.hilJrcn ro rfni[1ions.

Aennriisonolthe'eNo0s lorchildrcn bchg hlicD nrLo u.n!,ic(l\l!trilicxnrdrlleren.csInlhcl5FL cmtrcrslrl.siDl00:l.thcrxnmxjorily(691i,)L'l.hinlrcnrvd.nl&cdi,"cs cnLjrlctrr! insLiLLLturs b..rusr ol rbuscrn.lnc!lccr,4% llu.lo xl)rtr(l.drrcnl. l'r'! hc.jtrsc !l(lis!bil(yind 2l-|o la' $cixl r.tsotrs. sLr.h rs prctrls ld tinn No bn)loLi.rl o,l)hrns li 0 $nhouL IviIgplanls)sc'cphc0finnrslil0(ions.hconur$,irothcrsurvc!.d..Mtiic\..11,;rvc.cpr(cdnrnslilulions drr lo rbusr or n.slccl. l2!; vcrc ahxnd.ncn, 2l'r'; b(rusc ol (lisxhj!L!. 25!l'! wcrcsoci.l orphans phcedbccruscoffimilyrllhcrirr (litrcrfrn!,r d6'.ri,b{au\.1lr:v*erct'0c

An nr lcDdr sLuly ol thc lurlrty ol nrs{rrurionrl .ar. denDnstml.rl lnrlr vr]lLnms nlthc ouDbcrs 01 rurlnbLc skll. fiysical cirio)rcnl, .v.rlrorvdi|g clcxnliDcs rdl 'y!'.n.,brthtuonr, flny ind r.crcr(iunni iiciliti.s rnd .rcrs.iLn) srlisfr.lnrn cdoynrcnr'lhcr. rxs a

sisnincxn(|osiri!..ortofi1ionbct\rccnIi!hrrlitr!slorlhcscla.(o$inJnrc.vcholrtifnLlxLi,rnand indiridurlised cnrc th. rhrldrcn rcccn0d

Thcrc $N xL$ ust vuialron Ln l|e xlailnbilir) .irilcnuln. scn ic.s ti.nr lulnrg tr.lnrbci.c rtr.l tumiLy rcl[bnihlron lLr lLrc.{cLusivc usc ollhcsc xpDroacIcs lo c]riLdr$ n riv.lsilv

Thrs \ rL , r!, lL r ir rrlornl clc .osls bcnveen 2 rrtrL I I' nr\ r\ nn'.li n5 $rogxteli:f'L!, ,, r !,1',sstrrlcyed.

, L ,L , ,l,lth$ rv.r€ rdopLcd stdight llonr tr\rrrtrLtr,'.LL u(.rn(L liveol llrcsu

,r{\luvl [ '.' i."'. ' i'i ,'

, t(',l (lrll,cf scrc rdopLed !.Lc,..rnr! (i'rv.'\.1!. ll lr( I frunbd s{rlcs nr

,i)rrr, i, \ !lr rtr rnllrndi s.mecbes Lhotrs,nnls) ofrn(,r.1 i,r llrl)Ltrnrs |cr vcrr lionr

.tr,' trl l r r,,,. ildrln'r to tromoting nxln''xl n(lo|t. r!

l '1

f.tr{lLutcs thc li$L nrtd xtid[l rlrc nrr x,,os: llr!)li. rri 'tr.rstru

rnd comp]rc drc

'L.r.,i5.rtrtrfl,c'xi ch.ruclcrisri.sol.|i1dr.nstrh..ir,. rlv nrrtrl or'r lsrtnmrnl D.ivrri.noft,,r .fri i r. run'ly a, a restrll oI disrbililv. IiN lr ri!.'rr_. tlilllrILAe. n.sldtald rb.rdonnrcnl

li'\ rln) Lhc nrsttimcthnlthr exlc,'tolrlluJrl{ \. n tr I',.r() itrs(ildtrtrrrl crlchrsl)ccn.xPloIed

xrn)ss Luropc. ll'c nnr.unt ol inL.'cfr 1,\ r(11'lni(nL. 'f

r ri th! i 6n.r crre 1 {l orlionrl adoption

Drr.h00d trr- rrnrLtudti0s sho LL1lt 'c' rr(!,'..r ir ltr b.th rlonor rnrl rocifrcnr cooolrics

The pnrj..t rai\cs x!vx'.fL*i xlnn( Lln t,n!l(o's rDit.ons.qucnc$.1 carly pnlrlrtnlnr childrco nd,lcr fic. r. .i Lr. ir'.

',1 ' I th,sr wiLh d'srbiLirics and liom ethlic drnloritles rt is

rcconnnendd xs rr ov.,,nl r,l rr ' 1,1)1. ro' rLriL(L 0!( rnd IJ\)Ic.tl.n thrlNO.hiIrI anfut lht t

f.n6shouhthut'Lnwltu(n\nh itlnkittnihni vilho t u llddttbti'"nrr Mesn'er \vhen

hrgh qur r! iitrl'LLL{lrs r . I sdlri xr.nielien0y mers!!, i1 is rccomnrcnded (hlL tl'c l.ngtI ol

\h! slrnLl(lhr r(, nr) c Lhrtr:j "lnirhs

l]. r,'[N.n, R U0r$oc t 0' uLdiA

M, srrr, v.^r rsLu, s )(r00) M

i(l Ll'{r0LnLs ol ch Jrtr rrL!ui,!u '1y

or BiL miqi m rt$5 lin corrrbu rid w$ LLT/wHo) IsH\ | r ,i0r i

6.2, RI]SOLIfI l(lN Oa TIII CONF!]llllN(lll "l\tAl0l tr\'lillY cHtl,D (l()uN l"}IEI,D ON API{IL I8.2OO5

Altli. ParLianlcnroflhc RenuLrLiL,'ll.ithnania, t[cN{0mb0[ ol LlLc P3niimcntofdrc Rerub]ic

or l.ilhuadia, rctrcsetr(lti!es ol Lhc Ofi.. oflh. Itesident ol thc Rcp Ilic ofl-ilhunr rd ol lhc

ajov.irn.nlolthcl(eptrblicoll,rrhuu,in.thclnslilLrldrlbl$ea-o,rLrollrnrP'nluclionolthel{ghlso,rh.Cllinldthc(cp0blicolLirhLra i,.UNICtrlLithunniuRepr$cnrrlnn.lt[c\rblLdl]mk,dili.rsN{nris!ics, WIIO Rcg,oml Olli.c aor Lrope in Lithtr,nlr, NCOs, lhcrnpirls, cmltoyccs ol inJrrr

homcs.as.ncicslorrrror..rio,,fthcrijthlsollncchildolnnmrinl'ri.s.sci.Dtlsls,..Oes.nlrli!cs.fflcssdtrdodrerrnsdLdbns]nvcLlsrcncdtothcprescntrtrnolll..c{,lls,)llllcrcscdcllcaniedourLry clnsrturcolSocialRcscrr.l'cs Rc!i.woflhc llerhh xnd Wcllirr. ol ChiL{h.n ntrJ.r:l in Slal.listiruiionsoldro Republic,n l-nhmnia (lhc rcs.rrch hrs bcco o rcdLylhcMi'rstyollialli;it has bceD linrnccd by LJNI(rlili Rcgional Netlvork fir Childrcn i'r Cenkxl xn{1 Fd{c Lnnrlc,alonmonldl{h ol l,rdcpcnncnr strtcs rnd Baltic Shles located nr Cclcrc (Str'iLzcrlrnJ) and sl.tc

l2'1".rnrfints xndchild.cn u.de.I yr s hr\c coorc k, thr l.,li t lkincs rion hcalth caro

insLitulius (rls. ioti .l th.n lifm ncwbom's dcp 'ln'ctrL);

{.-r---

,trtrt s rltemdi!. ro nNti(r(h l t , \,'nrtr"1,l'L,LrnrcitrIjitnrilv,r i ,I'i y ci'vlronment:

L I , , L L vol,)tmcnt ollllnrtilc Qrc 'LnLlll r lL i lr I'rl(l rrl :trlrNL (r)n L' iLy

,lL 1,1d x ,l lo cntrench il nr thc I i $ ,' I s,,I rL ! \ rr: riltr1 lrll)lxLl\ l]lltroaulrtc,',1,rrrlolsudirl,psycholosi.rl.hcxlllLLr,,rtrlILtrrrkLir'\(rjwlh rfunLcPlilcs,iiri,' ,linLs do nor stal nr InLblnr 'trI'rtrLk,r.l,, "trtL

Llr I 'trt 'L 's

I rd lhxt Lhcv rrc

,.(l' rL! linnlies.rf,nlil}.n\ir,tr "tr 1

" L'.,tr'fcrr(ion wi$ xn ncory)rxrtr ,,1 lil,{ ' r,r,(rr':rtl Lcs[t$iblc !mfLovees or

'ftr"tiplilics (is.tr.t lor thc pli.{ rfL !,1 L r ,,rrl [ ,il ll . (lL d. n,chl srpporl division'

inoriLll)|L theftPrst). nr cstrbli IN r!lr rrltLI rr irrsln tn turgeled krw ds

lnplc,ncntrtion ol gorls rxrs.,Lxr LIL I r ,tr l. r I (,) L To dLlt r.c.nmendnti,nLr lrr ,Lr il !1 , 'nr L,n rlr. x" vnlol nriirnN rdd child'cn rnncr l

Ogcnrcr sith mollrch) 1,, tr,, r,\rir, rh r rtril L$vi'Ls.l srh $slirui.ns so thrl r child

ishlcnnom rclfn,ir,rL!\tr L |tr. rli!l'is/ho hcnllh rnd lilccoull Dotbervonl'di

2.1 To niiD fnnrllic\ $hrl' r"\( trl'Lr!, trv .r'! xnd o lri('!idc lo' lbc rcnnmcftrLron tur sNh

2.5. 1.rDnLrs.llr.t,o!, ' ltlcsl inr c loJ rscrviccbaskelolt lirsld child !inri"ga(moro

cnu.1i!. rk ,il n(LLlrl lir !h.26 lL'c n irL str,trrL( rLs(lk !l s.r\i.cs) should bc rlatcd lo the (lcv.lopmenl ol scrrices

rd(Lc .(L (,) rl'LLlL,$ nn.l lirmilics raithin n nrunicipalily, i.e dnv tirc car.i lemponry c're.

dt |l(ent ! rlrl' .dc scr!ices kJ thc dhabled, e(. ratIcr thtr lvnll ]dslitutronrl rt" and

:l lo inffovc rdotlion floccduc (lrioritv should bc givcn ro nationt[ d.llioi)1 I h trotose thar .ouIs ha\.cjLdgcs 6I childr.n.nd lrtrrlly matte'l, thal .as.s on drest lssucs

rrc nnvcd morcu€cnlly aiter sub ission ofclnnn, thrl thc pclod olcoinltrg nrto clli't'fr jrLdsercnL is n,iiinal 0n crsc ol child adoption);

.12 hfroposellrntrsenclcsforpro(cclio.fthcrighrsolr|.childtogetlerrviths.cirlworlcrs.onrlude . DL! ollisits lbr nothcr {Jnth.r) ]hose chin|cn stry ir Dubli. itrstin(ious

'ntlro taLe accou.l ol it whcn r nro&$ is nol lnlcreftd in !c rr^ttcr ol hd.lrlld and 10 s.t Is[o.ter pcr nl tnr thc frcccdurt ol Linlitnrg her pow$.!cr ! chrld rnLl b chaDg. rhc lorm

4 lb improle public inLrnralion systnn s. that infanrs and c|ildr€n qoR n1 a limlv oi lalnllv

cnlinnnr$l by .lnfhasising thrl th. satc rplo tu dr.sc children tr.d dicn fnlies is

going to bere .rcd h ahcnllive ways.

5.11r sccurc that duriig Lltc transitional pdiod tlic righLs ol lhe.hiL.lxre acknorvlcdgcll, flttecl'd

6. To iamr an interai.pa{m cnta I work tr,g gnrqi for concl $o. olthc tlanand to phllde for thc

ncasuFs lo solv. l|c troblenrs rusul a.d dGcussed Lllis (ronference

lisri ol 6 12 nronth rijc iniints and ]l% ofchl[tcn I to 2 yuf ag. slr) n tl]r ColrnyLlod'cs ln. rrrlinlsNilh dcvclopmetrl d$ordc6:l !J l2 nonthsj

Accordrng{odrcdrllolNolembdi,200'1.allthc(rorlltll.rlcsbrhrh lswirhduvclopnrcnldi{,de,s hnve only 219; olchrldren rvhosc dcvclolnrctrtc.cfii.lcnt ls loNcr thni' l1)l

:19;olrnlintsunlerdmonthsdung$cnsclt.nicnlwcrcdisahl.(1,15%olchild'cnrycrcrllwiLh c[ronic disenses rnd h]d mold disoricrs nral m&lc dril! lifu dillic'Llr ln, dr$';

Accordnrg (o rhc dxln ol Norcnrbcr 1.2004, all thc (innty llddrcs lnr lolinls rnhncvcl.tnicnl diso(l.rs hrd 4oli) oJ disiblcd children, llt; olchrldrcn ecre illvilh chr..ic dis.ascsr.d l' .'otu diso,dc's lhaL.rndodnil! liledrffcuh lbr lhenri

Mon .hiklren shying 11 (he Count! Ilomcs lnr I ants wrth dcvcl.tmcnt dlsordc's dr nor

rcqunc 2.r hourhdlth core sf,viccs;Pxren(s or oLber lamily mennrers ol nxrsl ofdr$e c[iklrun arc ali!. dd.nLy l9; ofrnlin[

Tro ol thrce childr.tr Nho gct thcrc nsrally arc 'cluncd

lo thcir prrcnls or rrc rhccd loothcr f.nrilics whi.h takc ca'c ollhcml

II2001. rt9i, ofdln6 rnd chilrl.cn mncr 3 rvcrc trk.n urc rlxr slxrc nr{rltrLnms r?ir,werc placed nrto lamlies, s4rlc otrly l% rvcr. fl.cc.l i . lanily Lypc !rr. hornes

lrtspcclnc ol clTons of cmployccs.l {rtr nNLihntunt anl p'{visior $iLh Deccssar}cquipn.nl, health carc and ch.rtion sc'ai..s rcn,lmcd to nrl:rtrlJ ndd chrldreD trnder I nr theseinslilLrtions cann.t crertc linrly .Drirotrnrcnt rvhich wonkl gu.nnlcc !r.ir ncnlnl, phrsicrl rnd

Rcnrlts ol thc rcscrrch cont ir imNrtxnt {tah for r dis.u\sid' on lh€ necessil! ol'unxngemenl ol rclivitjcs ol in-prlient heall[ carc n$til t]oDs (romcs lor inli!1& *nhdc\clopnrctrtdisordcFa.dchildrcncarh.mcs)annonsaligral(insr'crlsl'rolLhechildLosrcsinr lilnily or nr r imny cnlnonmcnl

Thc a;o!crnmcnr of thc Rcl)nblic ofLil Mnia has nndcr!lcn 1o inplchot lhe Co.ventionoflLrcRightsofthcal]lild(ratincdxtdrcS.imrsdllh.llepublirofLiLhuoirirl995) ndtosecur.n'c.ig|toflhc.hil.l to groq anJ dcvclop ln r lnh]ly or in laDily cnvironnrenl xM hrle alr.adyagrcc,! ur).n trln.idc tr.!lsions lrrl allcljldrcn who nccd spccial coc duc lo r crisis nr a famillor improtc, cxrc gncn to drcm bt tlrcn n!,.nts !,e tlld riri ! lxurl) nnLl gu&twslnp shorldbc cstablishcd tur drcd It n x r.sulL ofj.nrr r.1i!ilica ol lr! strLc, trNllidr munrcipaliries nnd

The Conlerence hrs rrsolvrd:IToapplymcan$lorl)le!cnlionolphccmcntolinlantatrd.fildrcnnnddSintosLrt0insrrLuhons

by strngthcning nrtcr dcF.tmctrtal cooncnti.n th'ough..nrplcx asxi\tro.e nd suppo't toa nilies befor€ ohndbndr ud wh.n a child h born (cstcciaLlyNhcn a,lisihlcd child is bonr,! snrglc nrolhcr or. mollrer who after givnrg a bi.th to a chilri has.lticr l)n)blirs so Lhrtchildren.re nol leit in a slatc institution and could gr.x in alriological fahily:

I L To xnange tirnrng oflhc strfl|at rcDilcn hmh[ carc scrriccs lor.hi(lrcn rnd ficir llmrli*so tn.{ $e sllffcotrld recognisc tsyc[onr8icll atrd *'cirL t'rblchs oi r lirnrily rnd couldgivcadricc i. alimily.n h.F to solrc th.scl)roblc rr

I 2 ft c.crlc and lml)lcDcnl rarAcbn dL.vclopnrc l proganrncs inLcndcd li,r risk sroup lirmilieshy sivnrg !trn, nrclho,licxlr.rl h'rnrial surprt d rcrchiirshow lo ndcDendently solve

I :r 'lb crFtulrt'csysr.n lirsnf|bflanJ tronro{ion .ls*vi.cs rc dcrcd Lo rarnilies w'lh inlintsr.d.lildrctr b! Rrchl Norl(c.s virhin h!nicjDllirics.

Ev 34 Eyrry cbird CruDi5 (Rcvic i uidd I ii rcsid.dial iNiih'iionsrior r.d dr cp!.sion or r,n'ily .!rc ttndivs ii thc rcpubli. orLitl'Miitr!

rsBN 9955 531,17'-7

The present publicai;on has been compiled on the basis olthe nalerial oflhesociological study carried out in Lithuania (November,2004)UDK 36,1 053.2(474.5)Ev34

FVFRY cHrLD co(JNTs lReview of the healfi aDd welfare ofchildren under 3 inresidential irsritutions towdds prevention of inslitutionalisatlon and the expansionoffamily care aitematives ;n the Republic oflithuania)

I

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