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IoT & Smart Cities:Challenges and Opportunities for Regulators
Chng Ken-WeiCentre Director (China)
1Singapore’s Smart Nation Initiatives
What are the Global Challenges?
8 September 2016 (RESTRICTED)
Singapore’s Vision: Towards a Smart Nation
Smart Nation Strategic Framework
7
Better Living MoreOpportunities
OpportunitiesStronger
Enhancedmobility
ImprovedGov tops,
servicedelivery
Strongerbusinesses
Betterhomes and
environment
Betterhealth,
successfulageing
Private sector enterprise
R&D support
Human capital
Cybersec & resilience
Digital connectivity
Providing Pervasive Connectivity
8
Enhanced mobilityAspirationHow can we allow our population to move around Singapore in thesafest, most efficient, most cost-effective and most comfortable waypossible?Things that we are working onITS framework and standards development• IDA launched a public consultation on ITS Framework and ITS-DSRC
Standards in Dec 2015• Finalised ITS Framework and Standards will be used by Singapore’s
new electronic road pricing systemSelf-driving vehicles to supplement our transport system• One-North test site launched in Jan 2015• LTA launched RFIs for AV solutions to meet future transport needs
Better homes and environmentAspirationHow can we leverage technology to create homes andestates that are comfortable, convenient and safe forour residents to live in?
Things that we are working onLaunched Smart Yuhua as brownfield site•HDB and IDA working on a large-scale smart homesolutions (~3,200 households)•Trial to be launched in 2016
Developing Punggol town as a Smart Nation greenfieldprecinct
Better Health, Successful Ageing
11
AspirationHow can we leverage technology to improve healthcareoutcomes, while keeping healthcare affordable, especially forour ageing population?
Things that we are working onTele-health trials underway•Most recent trial being remote vital signs monitoring forhypertensive patients•Learning points to contribute to national deployment
Massive undertaking for Successful Aging•$3b action plan
IoT is a key enabler for Singapore’s visionto be a Smart Nation•Beyond economic opportunities, IoT can also enrich the quality of life
for citizens
“Our bottom-up analysis forthe applications we sizeestimates that IoT has atotal potential economicimpact of $3.9 trillion to$11.1 trillion a year by2025”McKinsey (2015).
2 Regulatory Framework for IoT
Regulating IoT might not be straightforward• Different scales of deployment• Different communication models
Device-to-Device
Device-to-Cloud
Device-to-
Gateway
Back-EndData-
Sharing
Four common communications modelsdescribed by the Internet Architecture Board
Source: GSR Discussion Paper, “Regulation and the Internet of Things”, Professor Ian Brown (2015)
Several regulators are looking at common challengesposed by IoT• Five key IoT areas are examined to explore some of the most pressingchallenges and questions related to IoT
Security
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards Licensing
Minimising cyber security breaches through closecollaboration• Multi-stakeholder approach will be key but need to manage consumerexpectations
Security
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards
Licensing
Spectrum &Resource Allocation Finding the vulnerabilities of
smart devices at home
i. Complex land scape–no one size fits allsecurity policy for all IoT devices(e.g. Fitbit vsSmart Grid)ii. Telecom regulators will have to work closelywith cyber security agencies and industryplayersiii. Companies should implement security bydesign(e.g., security to extend throughout lifecycle of product; access controls)iv. Consumer and business education on cybersecurity will be important(e.g. regular changingof passwords)
Protecting Personal Data to enhance consumertrust in IoT• Regulation and public education will be key to safeguard consumerinterest
i. Companies will have to comply withSingapore’s Personal DataProtection Act(2012),includingthose which are collecting personaldata from IoT
ii. Companies should strive to adopt“data protection by design” as adefault for all development
iii. Public education will be key to safeguard consumer interest
Security
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards
Licensing
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Singapore –On-going initiatives to ensuretechnical interoperability and standardsIDA’s Telecommunications Standards Advisory Committee (TSAC) is working onvarious IoT-related standards in line with the ITU-T work programme.
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Licensing
Security
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards
ITU-T SG20TSAC
WG1 WG2 WG3 WG6 WG7Q2/20 –Integration of IoT Future Networks
IoT DeviceManagement
MultimediaITS, AVE-health
WirelessSmartWearables
Q3/20 – IoT Reference Architecture Signaling andprotocols
Smart Homes Smart Phones
Q4/20 – IoT Interworking End-to-endservices,performance
DirectoryservicesMiddleware
M2M Security
Q5/20 – IoT Ecosystem IoT playersengagement
Q6/20 –Use of Infrastructure for IoT Guidelines andbest practices
Licensing framework to evolve to meet thechallenges of IoT•Addressing key concerns while facing operational challenges (e.g. whether to registerbillions of devices)
Source: IBM
Security
Interoperabilityand standards
Licensing
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Data Protection
Standards
BusinessStandards
Privacy
Security
Licensing
Security
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards
Licensing
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Maintaining flexibility to ensure IoT devices can be supportedwith sufficient spectrum• Currently unclear whether majority of IoT devices are going to ride on licensed or licence-exemptspectrum as well as type of devices
10 Gbps
1 Gbps
100 Mbps
10 Mbps
1 Mbps
10 M 100 M 1 KM 10 KM 100 KM
Wi-Fi802.11ad/ay
Wi-Fi802.11acUWB
White space
Wi-Fi802.11a/b/g/n
Bluetooth802.15.1 Zigbee, Z-wave
LTE Cat 4/6
LTE Cat MNB-IoT
Sigfox, LoRA, Ingenu
PAN LAN MAN WANRange
Licence-exempt
LicensedThroughput
Monitor the availability of network addresses forIoTs•IPv6 will be key to support billions of IoT devices
Security
Data Protection
Interoperabilityand standards
Licensing
Spectrum &ResourceAllocation
Telephone numbers
Today, IDA allocates numberaccess code 144XX for M2M
Ensuring the ISPs are able tosupport IPv6Internet Society (2015) –IPv6 will bea key enabler for IoT. IDA launchedregulatory and industry initiatives tosupport IPv6 in Singapore (e.g., No-Islanding Principle)
8 September 2016 22
Thank You