IOT

POLY ENGINEERING2-16

January 26, 2010

Matching and Fill-in-the-Blank• Identifying drawing types

– Isometric, section, standard view, development, perspective, oblique, cut-away pictorial

• Reference planes– FRP, HRP, PRP

• Class standards– Line weight, line type, dimensioning, scales

QUIZ WEDNESDAY

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

•So far, our standard 6 views are all visible using the three regular planes of projection

–Frontal Reference Plane–Horizontal Reference Plane–Profile Reference Plane

•Those views are drawn TRUE SIZE•However, inclines (slants) are not shown as true

size in standard views.

review AUXILIARY VIEWSTYPE 2

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

•Inclines (slants) are not shown as true size in standard views.

• Each square below represents 1”. What are the widths of the front view and right side views?

– 9” and 4”, respectively

reviewAUXILIARY VIEWSTYPE 2

: M

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FRP

HRP

PRP

•Neither the front, top, or side view shows the true size and shape of the object’s inclined surface.

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

Review AUXILIARY VIEWSTYPE 2

: M

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FRP

PRP

Which Reference Plane? HR

P

ARP

Auxiliary Reference Plane

The ARP shows true form (shape and size) for inclines

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

review ISOMETRICTYPE 3

: PIC

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Isometric Cube:

1) all lines equal length;

2) all faces equal area;

3) perimeter is a hexagon

• From Greek: Equal Measure– Isos: Equal– Metron: Measure

• The scale along each axis of the projection is the same• True form parallel lines are shown as parallel (note colors

below)• All isometrics: simple construction

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

• Latin: perspicere – to see through• An approximate representation of an image as it is

perceived by the eye. • The most characteristic feature of perspectives is that

objects are drawn:

Smaller as their distance from the observer increases

Review PERSPECTIVETYPE 3

: PIC

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• A way of showing depth, like isometric• Part orthographic / part isometric:

– One face is true form– Parallel lines behind; either:

» Full scale» Half scale» Three-quarter scale

Review OBLIQUETYPE 3

: PIC

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POLY ENGINEERING2-10

• Show the interior details of a product• Often employed in instruction manuals• Assists in understanding operation of product

Review CUT-AWAY PICTORIALTYPE 3

: PIC

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POLY ENGINEERING2-11

• Turn in your 3-view assignment (include NAME)• Match the type of Technical Graphics below with

its type:

Isometric Section Standard View Development Perspective Oblique

Cut-away Pictorial

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Review

A B C

D E F

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POLY ENGINEERING2-11

Four Weights in this class:

Light: not noticeable from 2’ (nearly invisible)

Medium: just noticeable from 2’Heavy: obvious from 2’ (final weight

for most objects)Very Heavy: only used for borders

Review LINE WEIGHTSTech

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POLY ENGINEERING2-11

1. Construction/Layout Lines– LIGHT WEIGHT– ALL lines begin as these– DO NOT ERASE (unless there is a measuring error)

2. Guidelines– LIGHT WEIGHT– Used for LETTERING

review LINE TYPESC

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POLY ENGINEERING2-11

3. Object Lines:– HEAVY WEIGHT– The final line type for most

objects

4. Hidden Lines:– HEAVY WEIGHT– Everything must be represented in each view, whether

or not it can be seen– Interior and exterior features are projected from view

to view in the same way– Parts not seen on the exterior of a view are drawn

with hidden lines – short DASHES

Review LINE TYPESC

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POLY ENGINEERING2-11

• Objects to be drawn may be small – Nanotechnology machine parts, for example

• Objects to be drawn may be big– Buildings, bridges, airliners, oil rigs, trucks, cars

• Full Scale drawings will not always fit on a sheet of paper

• Scale down or scale up ½” = 1’-0” ¼” = 1’-0” 1” = 14’-0”

• Scale must be indicated in your title block• Architect’s Scale, Engineer’s Scale, Metric Scale

make scaling drawings simpler.

Review SCALESC

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POLY ENGINEERING2-16

• Due by end of class Today• Use spacing of .5” between views for second

Orthographic Projection

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONSTe

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½”

1. Draw ½” border

5/16”

2. Draw a 5/16” title block

3. Add 2 LIGHT lettering guidelines, 1/16” from border lines

LETTER the title block information: BPI-IOT ORTHO PROJ 1 17 OCT 08 LAST, F FULL

SCALE

4. Add scale separator – Heavy Weight

1 ¾”

5. Measure the overall width and height of drawing space

W

H

1. Add width of front view to width of right view.

1.5”

2. Add the space we will put between: 1.5”

4” 1.5”

4” + 1.5” + 1.5” = 7”

HORIZONTAL STARTING POINT

3. The remaining space is equal to W – 7” = ~3”.

4. Divide the remaining space by 2 to get horizontal pt.

Horizontal Starting Point is 1.5”

1. Add height of front view to height of top view.

1.5”

2. Add the space we will put between: 1.5”

2.5”

1.5”

2.5” + 1.5” + 1.5” = 5.5”

VERTICAL STARTING POINT

3. The remaining space is equal to H – 5.5” = ~1.75”.

4. Divide the remaining space by 2 to get vertical pt.

Vertical Starting Point is 7/8”

DRAWING ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS1. Draw border and title block

2. Locate starting point to center drawing (use construction)

3. Construct front view and PROJECT lines across paper

4. Construct top view and PROJECT lines across paper

DRAWING ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS1. Locate the top-most, right-most intersection of front view

construction lines.

2. Use a 45-deg triangle and project a miter line.

3. Project lines down for right view.

DARKEN what needs to be DARKENED

DO NOT ERASE

CONSTRUCTION LINES

THEY FADE IN COMPARISON TO

OBJECT LINES