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Research Institutes of Sweden
Ionic liquids could replace expensive gas cleaning process
Bio4Energy meeting
Medlefors, Skellefteå
2019-05-15
RISE ETC
Gasification based biofuels production
2
Biomass Pretreatment (Drying/milling/pelletization) Gasification Syngas cleaning
and conditioning Fuel synthesis
Syngas cleaning and Acid Gas Removal(AGR) can amount to a substantial part ofthe biofuel production cost (<30-40 %) usingexisting technologies (Rectisol / Selexol)
CO2 (& H2S)
Challenge - to find a cost effective system for CO2 capture:Polyamines are relatively cheap and benefit from several sites for CO2 absorptione.g. pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA)+ High thermal stability+ Low vapor pressure (regeneration)+ Low toxicity
CO, H2, CO2, H2O, CH4
CO, H2, (CH4)H2O
CO2 absorption
3
Monoethanolamine, MEA
Polyethylenehexamine, PEHA
-”But how do they behave using real syngas containing impurities from biomass gasification?”
4
High temperature gasification in a fixed-bed oxygen blown gasifierSpruce barkSpruce needles/fine twigsBirch stem woodPretreated birch
Different operating conditions, λ = 0.35 - 0.50
Development of acidgas absorption systemSampling & evaluationof CO2 capture
CO2 absorption from real bio-syngas
5
T
GC
Water bath Thermometer
Reactor
Gas flowmeter
Magnetic rotorMagnetic stirrer
Syngas from gasifier
Glass wool filter
Polyethylenehexamine, PEHA (aq)
Gasification experiments and resulting syngas composition
6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
CO H2 N2 CO2 CnHm
Gas
con
cent
ratio
n (%
)
BW, λ=0.45BW, λ=0.38BW, λ=0.33BW*, λ=0.36SB, λ=0.48SB, λ=0.41SB, λ=0.34SN, λ=0.47SN, λ=0.42SN, λ=0.34
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00
Syng
as co
ncen
trat
ion
(mol
-%)
COH2CO2CH4
λ = 0.47 λ = 0.42 λ = 0.34
Example from Spruce needles (SN)
CO2 capture efficiency
7
T
GC
Water bath Thermometer
Reactor
Gas flowmeter
Magnetic rotorMagnetic stirrer
Syngas from gasifier
Glass wool filter
Addition of PEHA (aq) solution
Conclusions
8
• B4E funding successful for bringing the research partners in northern Sweden closer together, developing ideas for more sustainable energy solutions
• Large potential for this type of CO2 capture. Now proven with real syngas in lab scale. Next step to develop pilot scale system for testing, i.e. increase TRL.
• PEHA showed >70 % CO2 capture efficiency during the initial ~30 min of the experiment, with a maximum absorption capacity of ~0.12 g CO2/g solvent at atmospheric pressure and 25 °C
• This is valuable information for evaluating the process techno-economically in comparison with existing technologies
9
The project is a combined effort of Umeå
University (UmU) and Luleå University of
Technology (LTU), Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, and
RISE Energy Technology Center which
represent multiple B4E research platforms
(P3, P4, P6 and external expertise)
Thank you for listening!